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第十一讲：宾语从句，定语从句，感叹句精练
一、单项选择
1. This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________.
（2023湖北武汉）
A. how should we treat people B. who we can learn from
C. what did we say in public D. why we need teachers
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“三人行，必有我师焉”这句名言告诉我们可以向谁学习。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A、C；根据“When I walk along with two others, they
may serve me as my teachers”可知此句意为“三人行，必有我师焉”，即我们要向别人学习，用who引导宾
语从句。故选B。
2. —I wonder ________.（2023年湖北襄樊）
—There is a new parking lot across the street from here.
A. where I can park my car B. where can I park my car
C. how long I should park my car D. how long should I park my car
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我想知道我能把车停在哪里。——在这条街对面有一个新的停车场。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；根据“There is a new parking lot across the street
from here”可知此处询问在哪里停车，用where引导宾语从句。故选A。
3. —Could you tell us _______ we can start a conversation with a foreigner?（2023年湖北荆州）
—Talking about weather is a common way.
A. when B. why C. where D. how
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我们怎样和外国人开始对话吗？——谈论天气是一种常见的方式。
考查疑问副词辨析。when何时；why为什么；where哪里；how如何。根据“Talking about weather is a
common way.”可知，上文问的是如何开场打开话题，故选D。
4.He decided ____ he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap (拍动) his wings every day.（2023年
广州，语法选择）
A. what B. why C. when D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他决心变得更强壮。
what什么；why为什么；when什么时候；that那，或作引导词无实意。根据“He decided...he would getstronger.”可知此处是that引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述句用that引导。故选D。
5. —I’m wondering ________ at a low price.（2023年江苏扬州）
—You can book one through our official APP.
A. how I can buy the air ticket B. how can I buy the air ticket
C. when I can buy the air ticket D. when can I buy the air ticket
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我想知道什么时候能买到便宜的机票。——您可以通过我们的官方APP预订。
考查宾语从句。根据“I’m wondering”可知，句子含宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D；答句是订机
票的方式，用how提问。故选A。
6. —Excuse me, could you tell me ________?（2022年江苏扬州）
—You can take No. 6 bus there. It’s about 15 minutes’ ride.
A. how far is the Slender West Lake B. how far the Slender West Lake is
C. how can I get to the Slender West Lake D. how I can get to the Slender West Lake
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去瘦西湖吗？——你可以在那里乘坐 6路公交车。大约15
分钟的车程。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“You can take No. 6 bus there”可知上句询
问应如何去某地，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。
7. — There will be a robot on show in our school next week.（2022年江苏无锡）
— Really? I wonder ________.
A. what it likes B. what it is like C. what does it like D. what is it like
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——下周将有一个机器人在我们学校展出。——真的？我想知道它是什么样的。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除选项C、D；根据“There will be a robot on show
in our school next week.”可知，询问机器人是什么样子，故选B。
8. 凯特想知道她是否能为科学日做些事。（2022年广州）
Kate wondered ______ ______ ______ ______ something for the Science Day.
【答案】 if she could do
【解析】动词“wondered”后面是宾语从句，是一般过去时，从句是陈述句的语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语动
词”的结构。表达“是否”用“if”引导从句。从句的主语是“她”，翻译为“she”。表达“能”用情态动词“could”，
后接动词原形，表达“做”用动词“do”。故填if；she；could；do。
9. 我最喜爱的科目是美术。我也在思考我怎样能借助数学把画画得更好。（2023年广州）My favourite subject is art. I am also thinking about ______ _____ ______ _____ better with the help of
maths.
【答案】 how I can draw
【解析】分析句子可知空处要表达的是“我怎么样能画画”，是how引导的宾语从句，我I；能can；画画
draw。故填how；I；can；draw。
10. —Excuse me, I’m new here. Could you tell me ________?（2022年湖北黄冈）
—Sure. Go along this road, and you can’t miss it.
A. where was the museum B. how can I get to the museum
C. where is the museum D. how I can get to the museum
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——打扰一下，我是新来的。你能告诉我怎么去博物馆吗？——当然。 沿着这条路走，你
不会错过它的。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A、B、C。故选D。
11. —Can you tell me ________?（2022年武汉）
—To get practical skills.
A. what do you learn about safety B. when do you have the art festival
C. how you balance your studies and hobbies D. why you learn cooking at school
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我你为什么在学校学烹饪吗？——为了获得实用技能。
考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AB；再由“To get practical
skills”可知此处询问做某事的原因，用why引导的宾语从句。故选D。
12. Language learning itself isn’t that difficult. How much you devote decides ________.
A. who can you ask for help B. that you can take the lead
C. why you began to learn it D. whether you can learn it well
【答案】D
【解析】句意：语言学习本身并没有那么难，你投入了多少决定了你能否学好。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语动词+其他”，所以A选项错误。根据主句
“How much you devote decides”可知，D选项符合语境，即你投入了多少决定了你是否能学好它。故选D。
13. In the bookshop, a girl asked the shopkeeper ________ the book was.
A. that B. how much C. why D. how many
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句关系词的应用。因为女孩问故排除“that”引导陈述句。How much 符合题意。14. — I am worried ________ I can enter a good high school or not.（2022年湖北荆州）
— Work hard and trust in yourself.
A. why B. what C. whether D. where
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我担心能否进入好高中。——努力工作，相信自己。
考查宾语从句。 why”为什么”；what”什么”；whether”是否”, whether...or not”是否”；where”哪里”。
根据“Work hard and trust in yourself.”可知，我担心我能否进入一所好的高中。故选C。
15.I hope _______ all of us can pass the exam.
A. that B. how C. whether D. what
【答案】A
【解析】我希望。。。后接的宾语从句应该是一个陈述部分。。。故用引导词that。
16. –Uncle Sam said he ____________ my birthday party, but he never showed up.（2019年江苏）
- That’s Uncle Sam. He forgets everything!
A. will attend B. would attend C. has attended D. had attended
【答案】B
【解析】句意：— —山姆大叔说他会参加我的生日聚会，但他没来。 — —那就是山姆大叔。他什么都忘
了！
A为一般将来时；B为过去将来时；C为现在完成时；D为过去完成时。分析句子 Uncle Sam said he
____________ my birthday party, but he never showed up. 的结构可知，本题是一个宾语从句，主句Uncle Sam
said是一般过去时，因此在宾语从句中应该用过去范畴的某一种时态，排除A/C；根据my birthday party可
知，应该是将要参加我的生日聚会，因此应该用过去将来时，故选B。
17. He began to think about ______ he should do the new work.
A. who B. which C. how D. what
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句连接的用法。
18. He said that light ________much faster than sound.
A. travels B. travelled C. travelling D. will travel
【答案】A
【解析】当从句表示客观真理、自然现象等时，谓语动词用一般现在时。不遵从主过从过。
19.– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV?
– Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.
A. who B. that C. what D. whose
【答案】B【解析】句意：-你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目《朗读者》吗？-当然了，这是一个很棒的节目，能培
养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，who是关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语
或宾语；that先行词人或物都可以，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句，先排除；whose…的，
先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program，故排除A；D选项意思不合适。故应选B。
20.He is a friend ______ can help you in time of need.
A．who he B．whose C．/ D．who
【答案】D
【解析】：引导词在定语从句中做主语，指人。 应选D。
21.The most important thing ______ we should pay attention to is the first thing ______ I have said.
A．which, that B．that, which C．which, which D．that, that
【答案】D
【解析】：先行词前有序数词， 最高级时，引导词只能用 that. 应选D。
22.They thought too much about ______.
A．which I had said B．what I had said
C．that I had said D．I had said
【答案】B
【解析】：此题是宾语从句不是定语从句，后面句子作介词宾语。应 选B。
23.Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house _______ he was born in.
A. where B. which C. who D. it
【答案】B
【解析】：考查定语从句先行词的用法。引导词在定语从句中作介词in 宾语。可省略。
24.Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house _______ he was born.
A.where B. which C. who D. it
【答案】A
【解析】：考查定语从句先行词的用法。引导词在定语从句中作地点状语。故用where。可以与5题比较。
25. He talked to me about the things and people ______ he came across in China.
A. which B. who C. whose D. that
【答案】D
【解析】：考查定语从句先行词的用法。引导词在定语从句中作宾语。先行词有人有物只能用“that”
26.I hope _______ all of us can pass the exam.
A. that B. how C. whether D. what
【答案】A【解析】我希望。。。后接的宾语从句应该是一个陈述部分。。。故用引导词 that。注意宾语从句和定语
从句的区别。宾语从句作动词或介词宾语。而定语从句前面一定有先行词。后面句子修饰前面的先行词。
先行词大部分是名词。
27. ________ clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project.
A. What B. How a C. How D. What a
【答案】D
【解析】句意：基蒂是一个多么聪明的女孩啊！她可以想出一些有创意的方法来完成这个项目。
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是单数可数名词girl，符合结构“What+ a/ an+ adj+单数名词+主谓!”。
故选D。
28. ________special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们上的课多么不寻常啊！我们学到了很多剪纸的知识。感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容
词/副词＋主语＋谓语+其他! What+（a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋主语+谓语+其他！题干中的中心词classess
是可数名词复数，符合“What＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋（主语+谓语+其他）！”，故答案选A。
注意：判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语
+其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词（词组），还是形容词或副词；
若是名词（词组），那么本句是由what（a/an）引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how 引导。
29.-___________wonderful the music is! What’s its name? -Victory.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——多么美妙的音乐啊!它的名字是什么?——Victory。考查感叹句。how和what都可用于
引导感叹句：how修饰形容词或副词，what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句wonderful（美妙的）是形容词，
需用how引导。根据句意结构，可知选A。
注意：表达欢喜、悲伤、惊讶等感情的句子称为感叹句。一般以疑问词 what或how起始，而以惊叹号终
结。感叹句通常有以下形式：一、How+形容词〔或副词〕+S+V…! 二、What a [an] +形容词+名词+S+V…!
若名词为不可数或复数的话，就不能用不定冠词。例如：What bad weather we’re having! 多讨厌的天气!三
How+形容词+ a [an] +名词+S+V…!
30. __________ your umbrella, or you’ll catch a cold on such a rainy day.
A. Take B. To take C. Taking D. Taken
【答案】A
【解析】句意：带上你的雨伞，否则在这样的雨天你会感冒的。这是一个祈使句，动词用原形。31. ________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
【答案】A
【解析】符合How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语+其他! What+（a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋主语+谓语+其他！
这一感叹句句式。故选A
32．— _______ late for school again, Tim! — Sorry, I promise that I _______.
A. Don’t; won’t B. Don’t be; won’t C. Don’t be; don’t D. Don’t; will
【答案】A
【解析】祈使句：Be +表语（名词或形容词）+其他成分。答案选A
33.Please . The boy is studying.
A. not noisy B. don’t noisy C. not to be noisy D. don’t be noisy
【答案】D
【解析】祈使句否定句。Don’t +动词原形。或Don’t / Never +be+表语（名词或形容词）+其他成分。故答案
选D
34. _______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
【答案】C
【解析】符合“What＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋（主语+谓语+其他）！”，故答案选C
35. more books, and you will improve your reading skills.
A. Reading B. Read C . Reads D. To read
【答案】B
【解析】句意:多读书,你就会提高你的阅读技能。前半句是表示建议、劝告的祈使句。肯定祈使句以动词
原形开头。故选B。
二、完成句子
.Do you know _______________________________________________. （他们在等谁）
【答案】who they are waiting for.
2. Please tell me __________________ _______________________________. (我们将什么时候开会)
【答案】when we will have a meeting
3. Could you tell me ______________ _________________________________. (我该怎么去车站)
【答案】how I can get to the station
4.He said __________________________________________________. （他非常想念我们）
【答案】(that) he missed us very much.
5.你能告诉我如何减肥？Could you tell me ___________ ___________ ___________ _________.?
【答案】how to lose weight.
6.我不明白为什么他们在这个时候踢足球。（2017年广州中考题）
I can’t understand _______ _______ ________ ______ football at this moment.
【答案】why they are playing
7．我想知道明天我们在哪里见面．（2018年广州中考题）
I wonder meet tomorrow．
【答案】when we will
8. 他正在考虑是否能参加足球俱乐部。（2019年广州中考题）
He is thinking about_________ ________ ________join the football club.
【答案】whether he can
9.我很难听懂讲话很快的人。
I have trouble understanding people_________ ________ __________.
【答案】 who / that talk fast.
10.这是我上个月买的车。
This is the car________ _________ _________last month.
【答案】(which/that) I bought
11.我永远不会忘记帮助过我的人。
I will never forget the people________ ______ ___________.
【答案】who help me.
12.站在老师旁边的那个女孩是我妹妹。
The girl _______ ___________ _________ next to the teachers is my sister
【答案】who is standing
13.上周参加歌唱比赛的那位歌手轻而易举拿到了第一名。
The singer _________ _________ ______ in the singing competition last week won the first prize without
difficulty.
【答案】who took part
14. 他跑得多快啊！没有人赶得上他。
____________ ___________ he runs! No one can catch up with him.
【答案】How fast/quickly
15. 天气真糟糕呀！又要开始下雨了。
___________ ___________ the weather is! It is going to rain again.
___________ ___________ weather it is ! It is going to rain again.【答案】How bad /What bad
16. 你父亲可真忙呀！别打扰他。
____________ ___________ your father is! Don’t disturb him.
【答案】How busy
17. 多么乏味的电影！我看到一半就睡着了。
____________ ___________ ____________ movie! I felt asleep halfway.
___________ _____________ the movie is ! I felt asleep halfway.
【答案】What a boring How boring
18. 请远离这台机器。 (stay away from)
_____________________________________________.
【答案】Please stay away from this machine.
19.让我们在那盏路灯下等你妈妈吧。 (wait for)
_____________________________________________.
【答案】 Let's wait for your mother under that street light.
20. 不要在课堂上大声说话。
_____________________________________________.
【答案】 Don’t talk loudly in class.
三、句式转换
1．This movie is very interesting．（改为感叹句）
________ ________this movie is!
【答案】How interesting
2.Zhang Yimou directed a wonderful show at the closing ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics.（改为感叹句）
_________ _________ wonderful show Zhang Yimou directed at the closing ceremony of the 2018 Winter
Olympics!
【答案】What a
3.The teachers often tell the students not to be careless.（改为祈使句）
________ _________ careless, please.
【答案】Don't be
4．The building is our school．The building stands by the lake．（改成定语从句）
The building _______________________ is our school．
【答案】which stands by the lake
5．Here is the girl．The girl wants to see you．（改成定语从句）
Here is the girl _____________________________．
【答案】who wants to see you6. Here is the pen. I bought the pen yesterday. （改成定语从句）
Here is the pen __________________yesterday.
【答案】which I bought
7. I dislike people. People talk much but do little. （改成定语从句）
I dislike people______________________________.
【答案】who talk much but do little
8. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don’t know. （改成宾语从句）
I don’t know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.
【答案】if/whether was
9. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. （改成宾语从句）
Li Lei wants to know ______ Peter ______ here yesterday.
【答案】if /whether came
10．Could you tell me how I can get to the furniture store? (改为简单句)
Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ to the furniture store?
【答案】how to get
