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专题04期末必会核心语法精讲练:定语从句80道-2023-2024学年九年级英语全册期末复习重难点突破(人教版)(解析版)_初中英语789_旧版人教版英语九年级全册_新更新初中英语9全

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《专题04期末必会核心语法精讲练:定语从句80道-2023-2024学年九年级英语全册期末复习重难点突破(人教版)(解析版)_初中英语789_旧版人教版英语九年级全册_新更新初中英语9全》第1页预览
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专题04 期末必会核心语法精讲练:定语从句80道
:___________ ___________ ___________ ___________
学校 姓名: 班级: 考号:
考点精讲
定语从句的结构:
定语从句是指在句中作定语,用来修饰名词、名词性词组或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词、名词性
词组或代词叫做先行词,在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。定语从句常用的关系代词有
who,whose,that,which, 关系副词有when,where,why等。
考点一:定语从句的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关
系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词可作状语。
作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。如:
I don’t like people who talk much but do little. 我不喜欢说得多而做得少的人。
作宾语:如:
She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. 她是我昨天在校门口遇见的那个人。
《大逃亡》。
作定语:关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。如:
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? 他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男子叫什么名字?
作状语:
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. 我将从不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。
考点二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it. 打碎玻璃的人必须赔偿。
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 穿黑色夹克的男孩非常聪明。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。如:
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?你认识我们在门口遇到的那位男士吗?
3.whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。如:
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 她妈妈病的那个女孩今天呆在家里。
4.which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。如:
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是一本解释单词意思的书。
5.that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。如:
I’ve read the newspaper that / which carries the important news. 我已经读了那份承载重要新闻的报纸。
6.when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。如:
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm. 我从不会忘记我们工作在农场的时间。
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left. 就在我离开那天他到得北京。
7.where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。如:
This is the house where we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的那个房子。
【 用法总结】
分类 引导词 示例
who
whom The man who is working there is my brother.
关系代词 which This is the book(that/which) I bought yesterday.
that The room whose window is open is mine.
whose
when
I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.
关系副词 where
This is the school where my mother works.
why
【 超级易错】
只能用that,不用which 的情况:
(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。如:
All that he said is true. 所有他说的都是真的。
(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及 first, last, any, few, much, no, some, only, very等词修饰,关系代词
常用that,不用which。如:
This is the only book that the old woman is interested in. 这是仅有的一本老妇人感兴趣的书。
(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。如:
It was the second house that I bought.这是我买的第二个房子。
(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。如:
如:This is the best book (that) I have read this year. 这是我今年读过的最好的书。
(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。如:
He talked about the people and the things that he remembered. 他谈论他记起得的人和事。
只使用 which,不能用that的情况:
(1)在非限制性定语从句中。如:
I will take this one, which was exactly what we wanted. 我想买这个,它确实是我想要的。
(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时。如:
The thing about which he is talking is of great importance. 他在谈论的那个事是很重要的。
(3) which 还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或
部分概念。在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and this相似。
如:He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. 他在比赛中成功了,这使他
父母很高兴。
实战训练
一、单项选择
1.—What kind of movies do you like?
—I like the movies ________ are about Chinese history.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我喜欢讲中国历史的电影。
考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who先行词为人,在从句中作主语、宾语;whom先行词为人,在从句子作宾语;
whose先行词为人,在从句中作定语;that先行词为人或事物,在从句中作主语、宾语。根据“I like the
movies...are about Chinese history.”可知,“movies”为定语从句的先行词,此处为事物,在从句中作主语,that“先
行词为人或事物,在从句中作主语、宾语”符合语境。故选D。
2.— What did you do yesterday?
— I visited a scientist ________ is famous all over the country.
A.where B.when C.which D.who
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你昨天做了什么? ——我拜访了一位全国闻名的科学家。
考查定语从句。先行词“a scientist”是人,从句缺少主语,故可以用关系词that或who。故选D。
3.—Could you tell me who you admire?
—Yeah. I look up to the people ________ have achieved success through hard work.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.which
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我你崇拜谁吗?——可以。我崇拜那些通过努力工作而获得成功的人。
考查定语从句。who谁,指人,在定语从句中作主语和宾语;whom谁,指人,在定语从句中作宾语;whose谁
的,指人,在定语从句中作定语;which哪个,指物,在定语从句中作主语和宾语。此处是定语从句,先行词是
“the people”,指人,引导词在从句中作主语,故选A。
4.Do you know the girl ________ is playing the piano over there?A.which B.who C.whom D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你认识那个正在那边弹钢琴的女孩吗?
考查who引导的限制性定语从句。which(……的)那个;who谁;whom谁,宾格;what什么。the girl为名词,
指代人,其后的句子应是定语从句修饰the girl,从句中缺少主语,因此应用who来引导定语从句。故选B。
5.Students love the teachers ________ are outgoing and humorous.
A.who B.whom C.which D.whose
【答案】A
【详解】句意:学生喜欢开朗幽默的老师。
考查定语从句。此处含定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,故选A。
6.Mary can’t forget the company and the manager ________ she visited in Dalian years ago.
A.what B.who C.that D.which
【答案】C
【详解】句意:玛丽不会忘记她多年前在大连拜访的公司和经理。
考查定语从句的关系词。根据“Mary can’t forget the company and the manager…she visited in Dalian years ago.”可
知,此处指的是玛丽不会忘记她多年前在大连拜访的公司和经理,空处应填定语从句的关系词,先行词为the
company and the manager,指物又指人,关系词应用that。故选C。
7.Look! That thin man is the hero ________ dove into the river to save the child yesterday.
A.what B.who C.which D.why
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看!那个瘦男子就是昨天跳入河里救孩子的英雄。
考查定语从句。what不引导定语从句;先行词是人,用who或that引导;先行词是物,用which或that引导;
先行词表原因,用why引导。根据“That thin man is the hero... dove into the river”可知,先行词为“the hero”,指
的是人,需要用关系代词who作主语,引导定语从句。故选B。
8.I prefer music _____ I can dance to.
A.if B.that C.when D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我更喜欢能跳舞的音乐。
考查定语从句。if如果;that定语从句中,先行词指物或人,在从句中作主语或宾语;when当……时;what什
么。分析句子结构可知,此处是定语从句,先行词music,指物,在从句中作宾语,故选B。
9.This is the old man ________ son died in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.that【答案】C
【详解】句意:这就是那个他的儿子在抗日战争中死掉的老人。
考查定语从句引导词。who引导定语从句,先行词是人,在句中作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,先行词是
人,作宾语;whose引导定语从句,先行词是人,作限定词; that引导先行词可以是人也可以是物。由于横线
后是定语从句,横线上的词作限定作用,表示老人的,所以是whose。故选C。
10.A friend is someone ________ you know well and like spending time with.
A.who B.which C.whose D.what
【答案】A
【详解】句意:朋友就是你很了解并且喜欢与之共度时光的人。
考查定语从句。who是关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which哪一个,指代物,在定语从句中作
主语或宾语;whose谁的,指代人或物,在定语从句中作定语;what不能引导定语从句。根据题干可知本题考
查定语从句,先行词是“someone”,指人,此处作宾语,因此关系代词用who。故选A。
11.I hate people ________ kill animals.
A.who B.when C.which D.whose
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我憎恨那些捕杀动物的人。
考查定语从句。who关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;when关系副词,先行词为时间,在从句
中作时间状语;which关系代词,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose关系代词,先行词为人或物,在
从句中作定语。根据“I hate people…kill animals.”可知,空后为定语从句,先行词people“人们”,为人,要用
关系代词who。故选A。
12.Look! That man is the hero ________ dove into the river to save the child yesterday.
A.what B.who C.which D.why
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看!那个人是昨天跳入河中救孩子的英雄。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是人hero,关系词在从句中作主语,用who/that引导定语从句。故选
B。
13.— Do you like the jacket ________ your mother bought online yesterday?
— No, I don’t like it at all. But my mother thought it was cheap.
A.what B.who C.which D.where
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你喜欢你妈妈昨天在网上买的那件夹克吗?——不,我一点也不喜欢。但是我妈妈认为它很便宜。
考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句时,先行词指人;which引导定语从句时,在从句中
作主语或宾语,先行词指物;where引导定语从句时,在从句中作状语。题干包含一个定语从句,先行词是
jacket,指物,空格上应填一个代替先行词且在从句中作宾语的关系代词,应用which。故选C。
14.The first thing________you should do is to quit smoking.
A.which B.whom C.what D.that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你应该做的第一件事就是戒烟。
考查定语从句。which关系代词,指物;whom关系代词,作宾语;what不引导宾语从句;that关系代词,指人
或物。先行词The first thing指物,且有first修饰时,关系代词用that。故选D。
15.Great changes have taken place here. Everything ________ comes into my eyes is so new to me.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这里发生了巨大的变化。我所看到的一切对我来说都是如此的新鲜。
考查定语从句。此处是定语从句,先行词是不定代词Everything,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,只能用that。
故选A。
16.—Why are you so worried?
—I’ve lost the watch ________ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A.who B.what C.that D.whom
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你为什么这么担心?——我把爸爸在我生日那天给我买的手表弄丢了。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知该句是定语从句,排除B,再结合先行词是“the watch”,为物,且在从句中作宾
语,因此用that。故选C。
17.—Why are you so worried?
—I’ve lost the watch ________ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A.who B.what C.which D.where
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你为什么这么担心?——我把爸爸在我生日那天给我买的手表弄丢了。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词是the watch,关系词在从句中作bought的宾语,用which引导定语从
句。故选C。
18.She likes musicians _______ play classic music.
A.when B.where C.who D.why【答案】C
【详解】句意:她喜欢演奏古典音乐的音乐家。
考查定语从句的引导词。when关系副词,在定语从句中作时间状语;where关系副词,在定语从句中做地点状
语;who关系代词,先行词指人;why关系副词,在定语从句中作状语。分析句子结构可知本句包含一个定语
从句,先行词“musicians音乐家”指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以用who来引导定语从句。故选C。
19.Children ________ don't like exercising will put on weight easily.
A.who B.which C.what D.how
【答案】A
【详解】句意:不喜欢运动的孩子很容易发胖。
考查定语从句。who 代指表“人”的先行词在从句中当主语;which代指表“物”的先行词在从句中当主语或
宾语;what 和how不作定语从句的关系词;根据先行词children可知此处用关系代词who;故选A 。
20.Please pass me the magazine ______ has a picture of China’s homegrown C919 passenger plane on the cover.
A.where B.what C.who D.that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:请把封面上有中国国产C919客机照片的杂志递给我。
考查定语从句。where哪里,先行词为地点;what什么,不用于定从;who谁,先行词是人;that那个,先行词
是人/物。分析句子成分可知,本句为含定语从句的复合句,先行词为magazine(物),所以引导词应使用that
或which。故选D。
21.—Yuan Longping is a hero ________ is known for developing hybrid rice(杂交水稻).
—Yes. He is a great man.
A.which B.whom C.what D.that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——袁隆平是以发展杂交水稻而闻名的英雄。——是的。他是个伟人。
考查定语从句的引导词。which关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为物;whom关系代词,引导定语从句,先行
词为人,在从句中作宾语;what不能引导定语从句;that关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为物或人,在从句
中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知,空处的词是引导定语从句,先行词为人,且引导词在从句中作主语,应
用that。故选D。
22.—We teenagers should look up to the people ______ have made great achievements to our country, like Yuan
Longping.
—I think so.
A.who B.what C.which D.whose【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我们青少年应该尊敬像袁隆平这样为国家做出巨大成就的人。——我也这样认为。
考查定语从句。who在定语从句中指人,在句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句;which在定语从句中指
物,在句中作主语或宾语;whose在定语从句中指人或物,在句中作定语。根据语境可知,我们应该尊重像袁隆
平这样的人,先行词people指人,且从句缺少主语,故应用who来引导定语从句。故选A。
23.She has a teenage granddaughter about my age ________ is really kind.
A.who B.which C.where D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:她有一个和我差不多大的孙女,她真的很善良。
考查定语从句关系词。先行词“a teenage granddaughter ”指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,用关系代词who引导
限制性定语从句。故选A。
24.Mary is my English teacher ________ not only teaches me knowledge but also how to be a good person.
A.She B.which C.who
【答案】C
【详解】句意:玛丽是我的英语老师,她不仅教我知识,而且教我如何做一个好人。
考查定语从句。She她,人称代词主格,在句中作主语;which在定语从句中指物;who在定语从句中指人。本
句空格前没有“句点”,故本句为一个完整的定语从句,主语为Mary,故此处将She排除。另本句的先行词
English teacher指人,故应用who引导定语从句。故选C。
25.—Do you know the girl__ is giving the speech?
—Of course. She is my best friend, Meimei.
A.which B.who C.whom D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你知道那个演讲的女孩么?——当然知道,她是我最好的朋友,梅梅。
考查定语从句。which指代物,在定语从句中主语或宾语;who指代人,在定语从句中主语或宾语;who指代人,
在定语从句中宾语;what什么。此处是定语从句,先行词是girl指的是人,定语从句用who,who在定语从句
中做主语。故选B。
26.I will remember the important people in my life ________ helped and supported me.
A.who B.which C.what D.how
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我将记住我生命中那些帮助和支持过我的重要的人们。
考查关系代词。who先行词为人;which先行词为物;what不引导定语从句;how在从句中充当方式状语。此处
引导定语从句修饰先行词people,是人,应该用who引导,故选A。27.—Do you know the girl is playing the piano over there?
—Of course. She is my best friend, Linda.
A.which B.who C.whom D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你认识那边弹钢琴的那个女孩吗?——当然。她是我最好的朋友,琳达。
考查定语从句连接词。which先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;who先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;
whom先行词为人,在从句中作宾语;what不用于定语从句中。分析句子可知先行词为girl,是人,其次在从句
中作主语,所以只有who符合,故选B。
28.The number of students ______ joined the English club is 20.
A.who B.which C.what D.how
【答案】A
【详解】句意:参加英语俱乐部的学生人数是20人。
考查定语从句关系词。who定语从句关系代词,先行词指人;which定语从句关系代词,先行词指物;what不引
导定语从句;how不引导定语从句。题干是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是students“学生”,关系词用who,
在句中作主语,故选A。
29.—Have you heard of Hansel and Gretel?
—Yes, Hansel is a smart boy ________ often comes up with a good idea.
A.who B.whom C.where D.which
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你听说过汉斯和格莱托吗?——是的,汉斯是一个聪明的男孩,他经常会想出一些好主意。
考查定语从句。who引导定语从句,修饰人,做主语,宾语或表语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表
语;where引导定语从句,修饰地点;which引导定语从句,修饰事物。此处先行词boy,表示人,定语从句缺
少主语,因此用who引导,故选A。
30.—What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the book ________ you lent me yesterday.
A.who B.that C.whose D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你在找什么? ——我在找你昨天借给我的那本书。
考查定语从句。who谁,指人,在定语从句中作宾语或主语;that那个,可指人也可指物,在定语从句中作主语
或宾语;whose谁的,可指人也可指物,在定语从句中作定语;what什么,不能引导定语从句。本句的先行词
是“book”,指物,且在从句中作宾语,所以此处应用that引导。故选B。
31.The gift often reminds me of the days ________ I spent in the countryside.A.what B.that C.who D.when
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个礼物经常让我想起在乡下的那段日子。
考查关系代词。what不能引导定语从句;that是关系代词,既可以指人又可以指物;who是关系代词,指人,在
定语从句中作主语或宾语;when是关系副词,作时间状语。根据题干可知,文中the days后面是一个定语从句,
先行词是the days,指物,从句中缺少宾语,故关系词用that。故选B。
32.I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life.
A.which B.whose C.whom D.who
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的重要的人。
考查定语从句。which哪一个;whose谁的;whom谁;who谁。分析句子结构可知,此处是定语从句,先行词
people是指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who引导定语从句,故选D。
33.In China, Wang Yaping is a woman astronaut ________ was sent into the space.
A.whose B.which C.who
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在中国,王亚平是一名被送往太空的女宇航员。
考查定语从句。whose关系代词,指人/物,在定语从句中作定语;which关系代词,指物,在定语从句中作主语
或宾语;who关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句话中先行词为“astronaut”,指人,在定语从
句中作主语,用who,故选C。
34.— My friends always encourage me when I feel down. I think friendship is the greatest gift ________ in our life.
— I agree with you. A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A.whom B.whose C.who D.which
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——当我感觉消沉时,我的朋友总是鼓励我。我认为友谊是我们生命中最好的礼物。——我同
意你的观点。一个真正的朋友就是一个伸出援手和感动你心灵的人。
考查定语从句的引导词辨析。whom其先行词为人,宾格;whose其先行词为人,在从句中作定语;who其先行
词为人,主格;which其先行词为物。此句的先行词为“person”,在定语从句中充当主语,应用主格,故选C。
35.—Could you tell me who you admire?
—Yeah. I look up to the people ________ have achieved success through hard work, such as Yuan Longpin and Zhong
Nanshan.
A.who B.whom C.which D.whose
【答案】A【详解】句意:——你能告诉我你最钦佩谁吗?——好。我敬仰那些通过努力工作获得成功的人,比如袁隆平
和钟南山。
考查who引导的定语从句。who谁;whom谁(who的宾格);which(……的)那个;whose谁的。空格前的
the people指人,其后所带的定语从句中缺少主语,因此引导定语从句的关系代词应用who。故选A。
36.China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.
A.which B.that C.who
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中国是第一个将嫦娥Ⅳ发射到月球背面的国家。
考查定语从句。which关系代词,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that关系代词,先行词指物或人,在从
句中作主语或宾语;who关系代词,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;句子先行词是nation,在句中作主语,
且先行词被序数词修饰,此处关系代词用that,故选B。
37.There will be a flower show in the park ________ we visited last week.
A.where B.which C.what D.who
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们上周参观过的公园里将有一场花展。
考查定语从句。where在哪里;which哪个;what什么;who谁。分析句子可知,空处到句末为定语从句,修饰
先行词“park”,为物,且关系词在从句中作宾语,应用which引导从句。故选B。
38.The man and the dog ________ are walking in the park live in our neighbourhood.
A.that B.who C.which D.where
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在公园里散步的那个男人和那条狗就住在我们附近。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句,先行词“The man and the dog”既指“人”也指“物”,关系词用that。故选
A。
39.There is a doctor at the front desk ________ would like to talk with you.
A.which B.that C.whom D./
【答案】B
【详解】句意:前台有一位医生想和您谈谈。
考查定语从句关系词。根据“a doctor at the front desk ... would like to talk with you”可知此处是定语从句,先行词
a doctor指人,且在从句中作主语,用that引导定语从句。故选B。
40.When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing ________ he did was to look for some food.
A.which B.who C.what D.that
【答案】D【详解】句意:当鲁滨逊·克鲁索到达这个岛时,他做的第一件事是寻找食物。
考查定语从句。which关系代词,指物; who关系代词,指人;what疑问代词,不能引导定语从句;that关系
代词,指人,也可指物;分析句子结构可知,该句为定语从句。先行词为thing,指物,关系代词应用that或
which,此处先行词thing被序数词修饰,故只能用that引导定语从句。故选D。
41.—Children, you should be thankful to those people ________ helped and supported you.
—We ________ , Miss Chen.
A.which; should B.whom; should C.who; will D.whose; will
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们应该感谢那些帮助过你们和支持过你们的人。——陈老师,我们会的。
考查定语从句。由“you should be thankful to those people ...helped and supported you”可知句中的先行词为those
people,意为“那些人”,且在定语从句中作主语。which意为“哪一个”,修饰物。whom意为“那个,那
些”,修饰人,但在定语从句中作宾语。who意为“那个,那些”,修饰人,在定语从句中作主语。whose意为
“谁的”。因此定语从句中关系词应选who。下句孩子们答应陈老师将会对这些帮助过他们的人表示感谢,应
用will来表示“将会做某事”。故选C。
42.— How do you like the TV program?
— I think it is the best program ________ I have ever watched.
A.who B.which C.when D.that
【答案】D
【详解】句意:—— 你觉得这个电视节目怎么样?—— 我认为它是我观看过的最好的节目。
考查定语从句的关系代词。分析句子结构,设空处后面是一个定语从句,修饰先行词program;再者根据“the
best program”可知,先行词前面有最高级修饰时,关系代词用that。故选D。
43.It is wise to pay no attention to those classmates ________ laugh at you.
A.what B.which C.who D.whom
【答案】C
【详解】句意:明智的做法是不要理会那些嘲笑你的同学。
考查定语从句关系词。根据“It is wise to pay no attention to those classmates...laugh at you.”可知,those
classmates“那些同学”作先行词,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who引导定语从句。故选C。
44.Which of the following sentences has a relative clause?
A.He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting.
B.I believe that working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty.
C.She started to learn Qinqiang Opera from her mother at the age of four.
D.If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption.【答案】A
【详解】句意:下列哪个句子包含定语从句。
考查定语从句。A选项中,“that keeps his roles interesting”是定语从句;B选项中,“ that working should be
like a poem, full of love and beauty”是宾语从句;C选项不是复合句;D选项中,“If you lose hope for the future”
是条件状语从句。故选A。
45.This is one of the most amazing novels ________ I have seen.
A.that B.where C.who D.what
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这是我看过的最精彩的小说之一。
考查定语从句。分析题干可知,空后是定语从句,先行词为物,且关系词作seen的宾语,应用that引导定语从
句,故选A。
46.David is the boy ________ helped me in the park yesterday.
A.which B.that C.whom D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:David就是昨天在公园帮我的那个男孩。
考查定语从句。which先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词指人或指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;
whom先行词指人,在从句中作宾语;what不能引导定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是定语从句,先行词
boy指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词that,故选B。
47.—Where is the scientist ______ gave us the talk yesterday?
—He has gone back to Tsinghua University.
A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——昨天给我们做报告的科学家在哪里?——他已回到清华大学。
考查定语从句。whom谁;who谁;whose谁的;which哪一个。分析句子结构可知,此句是定语从句,先行词
scientist指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系词who,故选B。
48.His book __________ came out last month is not very interesting.
A.who B.which C.that was D.which has
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他上个月出版的书不是很有趣。
考查定语从句。根据题干可知,从句为定语从句,先行词是book,指物,关系代词用which,作主语。come out
没有被动语态。D选项时态错误,不是现在完成时。故选B。
49.True friends are persons _________ always take care of you and encourage you to succeed.A.who B.what C.which D.whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意:真正的朋友总是关心你,鼓励你成功。
考查定语从句。此处含定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句。故选A。
50.A dictionary is a book ________ tells you the meaning of the word.
A.who B.which C.whom D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:字典是一本告诉你单词含义的书。
考查定语从句。who引导定语从句,先行词是人;which引导定语从句,先行词是物;whom引导定语从句,先
行词是人;what不引导定语从句。根据题干可知,本句为定语从句,先行词book指物,应用which。故选B。
51.We should look up to those scientists ________ sent Shenzhou airships to space.
A.which B.who C.what D.whose
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们应该尊敬那些把神舟飞船送上太空的科学家。
考查定语从句的连接词。which哪个;who谁;what什么;whose谁的。本句是定语从句,先行词“those
scientists”是人,引导词在定语从句“sent Shenzhou airships to space”中作主语,可知填who,故选B。
52.—Have you heard of the famous Huawei company?
—Sure. I think it is the greatest company ________ makes us Chinese proud.
A.where B.that C.what D.who
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你听说过著名的华为公司吗?——当然。我认为它是让我们中国人感到骄傲的最伟大的公
司。
考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,此句是一个定语从句,先行词是the greatest companies,指物,在从句中作
主语,且先行词被最高级修饰,所以关系词只能用that。故选B。
二、完成句子
53.当我消沉或疲倦时,我更喜欢能使我高兴起来的电影。
When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies .
【答案】that can cheer me up/that can make me happy/which can cheer me up/which can make me happy
【详解】分析句子结构可知,此处是一个定语从句,时态为一般现在时,先行词movies是物体,关系词用
that/which;cheer sb. up/make sb. happy“使某人开心起来”,固定搭配,情态动词can后接动词原形;me“我”,
人称代词宾格。故填that/which can cheer me up/make me happy。54.《长津湖》是我最喜欢的电影之一。(best)
The Battle At Lake Changjin is one of the movies that .
【答案】I like best
【详解】结合中英文提示可知,此处缺少“我最喜欢”,英语表达为I like best,句子是定语从句,主句是一般
现在时,动词也用一般现在时,动词用原形,故填I like best。
55.我更喜欢观看能给我一些思考的东西的电影。
I prefer movies to think about.
【答案】that can give me something/which can give me something
【详解】“能”为情态动词can,后面跟动词原形;“给我一些”为give me something;分析句子可知,空处为
定语从句,先行词为“movies”,表示物,连接词用that或which,故填that/which can give me something。
56.张老师经常表扬那个主动把黑板上的粉笔擦干净的男孩。(volunteer)
Mr. Zhang often the blackboard.
【答案】praises the boy who/that volunteers to clean the chalk off
【详解】根据中文提示,可知这里应该是一个定语从句,主句中:时态为一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,
谓语动词为praise“表扬”,用三单形式praises,宾语为the boy。从句中:先行词是the boy,关系词可
用who/that,谓语动词用volunteers,宾语用动词不定式to clean the chalk off“把粉笔擦掉”,故填praises the boy
who/that volunteers to clean the chalk off。
57.我的妹妹喜欢擅长表演的演员。(完成译句)
My sister likes actors good at acting.
【答案】 who/that are
【详解】根据所给汉语“我喜欢擅长表演的演员”可以推断这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。先行词是actors,
表示人,应用关系代词who/that,在定语从句中作主语;“擅长于”为be good at,actors为复数形式,所以be
动词用复数形式are,故填who/that;are。
58.这本书正是我在找的那本。(完成译句)
The book is the one I am for.
【答案】 that looking
【详解】根据题干可知one是先行词,用that引导定语从句在句子中作宾语,定语从句修饰先行词one;look
for“寻找”,此处表示“正在寻找”时态是现在进行时,结构为:am+doing。故填that;looking。
59.“神奇的中国”是一部值得观看的纪录片。
Amazing China is a documentary .
【答案】which is worth watching
【详解】be worth doing表示“值得做某事”,watch表示“观看”。空格处缺少修饰“documentary”的定语,可以填定语从句,因为先行词是“documentary”,引导词可用which引导,在从句中作主语。故填which is worth
watching。
60.到去年年底,那位渴求知识的青年教师已出国深造两年了。(who)
By the end of last year, the young teacher for further study for two years.
【答案】who was thirsty for knowledge had been abroad/ who was thirsty to learn knowledge had been abroad/who was
thirsty for knowledge had been away in the foreign country
【详解】根据“By the end of last year”可知句子是过去完成时,用“had done”。根据“for two years”可知表示动
作的持续,用延续性动词,表示“已出国深造”用“had been abroad”或“had been away in the foreign country”。
定语从句的先行词是“the young teacher”,关系代词是“who”。表示“渴求知识的”是过去时态,用“was
thirsty for knowledge”或“was thirsty to learn knowledge ”。故填who was thirsty for knowledge had been abroad/who
was thirsty to learn knowledge had been abroad/who was thirsty for knowledge had been away in the foreign country。
61.我想到了小时候奶奶给我讲的童话故事。
I of the fairy stories was told by my grandma when I was young.
【答案】 think that/which
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,think of表示“想起”,为固定短语,结合语境可知,“想起”的动作发生在现
在,应用一般现在时,主语是I,动词用原形;第二空后是定语从句,先行词是物,关系词作主语,应用that/
which。故填think;that/which。
62.警察紧紧盯着那个刚刚偷了钱包的贼。
The policeman’s eyes were the thief a purse just now.
【答案】 staring at who/that stole
【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查动词短语stare at“盯着”,动词steal“偷”及定语从句,根据“were”可知句
子时态为过去进行时,其结构为“was/were+doing”,由“the thief”可知其后为定语从句,而“thief”为“人”,
关系词应用who/that,根据“just now”可知定语从句的时态为一般过去时,故填staring;at;who/that;stole。
63.警察紧紧盯着那个想要偷钱包的贼。
The policeman’s eyes the thief was going to steal a purse.
【答案】 were staring at who/that
【详解】stare at“盯着”,是固定表达,结合“was going to steal a purse”可知,警察正在盯着,应用过去进行时
“was/were doing”,主语是复数,be动词were;最后一空所在句是定语从句,先行词thief是人,关系词作主语,
可以用who或that引导。故填were;staring;at;who/that。
64.他是住在隔壁的那个人。
He is the man in the next door.【答案】 who/that lives
【详解】分析句子结构可知,此处是一个定语从句,先行词man指人,在从句中作主语,关系词用who或
that;此句是一般现在时,先行词man是单数形式,动词用三单,live“居住”,故填who/that;lives。
65.当Tom生病在家时,他也想起数学老帅教授的有趣的课程。
Tom also thought of the interesting lessons by his maths teacher when he was at home.
【答案】 which were taught
【详解】分析句子可知,此处是定语从句,先行词the interesting lessons为物,在从句中作主语,关系词为
which。教:teach,根据“…by his maths teacher when he was at home”可知,此处是一般过去时的被动语态
wes/were done,lessons为复数,be动词为were。故填which;were;taught。
66.那个一脸焦虑的人生意上有麻烦。
The man looks anxious with his business.
【答案】 who/that has trouble
【详解】此处含定语从句,先行词是人,引导词在从句中作主语,用who/that引导;“有麻烦”用“have
trouble”表示,一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词用三单。故填who/that;has;trouble。
67.我永远也不会忘记他昨天对我说的话。
I will never forget the words he to me yesterday.
【答案】 which/that said
【详解】句子是定语从句,先行词是words,第一个空格处填在从句中作宾语,用which/that;根据“yesterday”
可知从句用一般过去时,动词用过去式said“说”。故填which/that;said。
三、将所给单词连成句子
68.we, do, there, many things, can, are
.
【答案】There are many things we can do
【详解】根据所给词可知,本题应该是一个主从复合句,主句是:there be句型首字母大写,即There are many
things;从句是:省略了关系代词that的定语从句,即we can do。故答案为:There are many things we can do“有
很多我们能做的事情”。
69.very much, I, who, is, like, he, the man
.
【答案】He is the man who I like very much
【详解】根据所给标点可知,应用陈述句的形式,分析所给单词,he作主语,首字母需大写;is作系动词;the
man作表语;who引导定语从句,位于先行词the man之后;I作从句主语;like作从句的谓语动词;very much作程度副词,位于句末。故答案为He is the man who I like very much“他是我非常喜欢的人”。
70.music, I, that, dance to, prefer, I, can
.
【答案】I can dance to music that I prefer
【详解】根据标点符号“.”可知该句为陈述句。分析所给单词,I作主语;can dance to musci作谓语;that引导定
语从句,在从句中作宾语;I作从句主语;prefer作从句谓语。故填I can dance to music that I prefer“我可以随着
我喜欢的音乐跳舞”。
71.that, I, sing along with, I, can, music, prefer
.
【答案】I prefer music that I can sing along with
【详解】根据标点符号“.”及所给的词,可知本题为陈述句。分析所给单词,I作主语,prefer作谓语,music作
宾语,that I can sing along with作定语从句修饰名词music。故答案为:I prefer music that I can sing along with“我
更喜欢我能跟着一起唱的音乐”。
72.deaf, who, work, people, and, in, noisy, live, conditions, go, often
.
【答案】People who work and live in noisy conditions often go deaf
【详解】由所给标点可知此句为陈述句,由句中“who”可知此句为主从复合句;people“人们”,作主句主语;
who引导定语从句,修饰先行词people;work and live“工作和生活”,为从句谓语;in noisy conditions“在嘈杂
环境中”,用于定语从句中作地点状语;often“经常”,在主句中作状语;go deaf“失聪”,作主语谓语。故填
People who work and live in noisy conditions often go deaf“在嘈杂环境中工作和生活的人经常失聪”。
73.is, prefers, that, music, he, loud
.
【答案】He prefers music that is loud
【详解】由标点和所给单词可知,该句是含有定语从句的复合句;he作主语,prefers为谓语,music为宾语,
that is loud为定语,修饰music。故填He prefers music that is loud“他喜欢吵闹的音乐”。
四、同义句转化
74.The movie has a happy ending and I like this kind of movie. (同义句转换)
I like a movie a happy ending.
【答案】 that/which has
【详解】句意:这部电影有一个快乐的结局,我喜欢这种电影。分析句子,可改为定语从句,先行词是
movie“电影”,指物,关系代词用that/which,作主语。句子时态是一般现在时,先行词“a movie”是单数,that/which后接动词第三人称单数形式。故填that/which;has。
75.The customs are different. You should learn about them before leaving. (改为同义句)
Before leaving, you should learn about the customs different.
【答案】which are/that are
【详解】句意:有些风俗是不同的。离开前你应该了解它们。改为同义句,可将两个句子合并为定语从句,表
达为“离开前,你应该了解那些不同的风俗。”,定语从句的先行词是“customs”,因此关系代词用which/
that,在从句中作主语,后面用系动词“are”。故填which/that are。
五、汉译英:整句
76.我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。(汉译英)
【答案】I like music (that) I can dance to.
【详解】根据汉语句意可知,这是一个陈述句,句子陈述的是一般事实,时态用一般现在时。主语是I“我”;
like“喜欢”是谓语动词;music“音乐”在句中作宾语;that I can dance to是定语从句,修饰music,其中that可
以省略;dance to是固定短语,意为“随着……跳舞”。故填I like music (that) I can dance to.
77.你应该感谢帮助过你的人。
【答案】You are supposed to be thankful to the people who have helped you.
【详解】“应该做某事”为be supposed to do sth.;“你”为you;“感谢帮助过你的人”为be thankful to the
people who have helped you,其中who引导定语从句。结合语境可知,本句应用一般现在时,主语“you”是第二
人称,故be用are。故填You are supposed to be thankful to the people who have helped you.
78.这儿有些建议来帮助你们改掉这个坏习惯。
【答案】Here are some suggestions which can help you get rid of the bad habit.
【详解】这儿有些建议Here are some suggestions,which引导定语从句,can help you可以帮助你们,get rid of
the bad habit改掉这个坏习惯。故填Here are some suggestions which can help you get rid of the bad habit.
七、改写句子
79.The movies give me something to think about. I prefer them. (合并为一句)
I prefer movies me something to think about.
【答案】 that/which give
【详解】句意:电影给了我一些思考的东西。我更喜欢它们。根据题干可知,合并之后是一个定语从句,先行词是movies,指物,在句中作主语,所以关系词用that/which;give是谓语动词,主语表复数,所以此处用原形,
故填that/which;give。
80.I like the students. They are hard-working.合并成一个句子.
I like the students hard-working.
【答案】 who are
【详解】句意:我喜欢这些学生。他们很努力。合并为一句可以用who引导定语从句表示;who为关系代词修
饰“students”,are为系动词作谓语,故填who;are。