文档内容
2022 北京海淀初三一模
英 语
2022. 04
考生须知：
1. 本试卷共8页,共两部分,39道题,满分60分。考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束,请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0. 5分,共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother is very friendly. ________ gets along well with others.
A. He B. She C. I D. You
2. Wu Dajing, a gold medalist, started to practice speed skating ________ the age of ten.
A. on B. in C. for D. at
3. —________ do you play basketball with your classmates, David?
—Twice a week.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How far
4. Our parents help and support us a lot, ________ we should be thankful to them.
A. but B. or C. so D. because
5. —________ you lend me your dictionary, Laura?
—Sorry, I can’t. I have just lent it to Eric.
A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need
6. We should keep in mind that nothing is ________ than safety.
A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important
7. —Nick, take out the trash, please.
—Wait a minute, Mom. I ________ an e-mail to Mr. Smith now.
.
A write B. am writing C. wrote D. will write
8. The supermarket ________ at 8:30 a.m. and closes at 8:30 p.m. every day.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. is opening B. opened C. opens D. will open
9. All of us ________ great progress since we started junior high school.
A. make B. made C. have made D. will make
10. The kids ________ an online lesson when their parents arrived home yesterday.
A. took B. take C. are taking D. were taking
11. A new hospital ________ in the village by the government last year.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
12. —Tom, do you know ________?
—Next Friday.
A. when will we hold the sports meeting B. when we will hold the sports meeting
C. when did we hold the sports meeting D. when we held the sports meeting
二、完形填空（每题1分,共8分）
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选
项。
It was January 2021. My second term in high school had just ended. Two weeks earlier, my parents checked
my grades and ____13____ more than 20 missing tasks.
Bright and able as I was, I had often struggled（挣扎）with ____14____ and procrastination（拖延）,
especially with writing tasks. But this time was different, and the pandemic（疫情）was to blame. I was doing my
first year partly from home where I did my schoolwork on my own time, and, for the most part, without teacher
guidance.
The ____15____ was too much. I could do a million other things rather than my homework. I told my mom
what I was missing from my teachers and classmates, “When a teacher walks around the classroom, you want to be
on task, and you don’t want to fall behind the other students.”
My parents tried to help, but their ____16____ fell far short of their expectations. Tired from working long
days, they criticized rather than advised. Late-night learning hours ended in ____17____ matches. All three of us
were upset and stressed out.
We knew we couldn’t solve this alone. So when my mom heard that Steve Merrill, an experienced teacher,
could help, she ____18____ out.
Mr. Merrill told me that his students also had problems in the same areas: task organization and time
management. He taught me to break down big tasks into small ones. We met twice a week, over video, where we
could look over my tasks and put the skill into practice. After a few months, I started to see positive results. My
grades were improving. My work habits were becoming more regular. There were ____19____ late-night learning
学科网（北京）股份有限公司hours and fights.
The other evening I came downstairs to ask my parents for help with a writing task. There was something
different. I had ____20____ most of it two days before the deadline! While I don’t expect this school year to be
easy, I now have some of the tools I need to help me through it.
13. A. counted B. finished C. changed D. gave
14. A. discussion B. expression C. competition D. organization
15. A. knowledge B. stress C. freedom D. advice
16. A. rules B. efforts C. habits D. experiences
17. A. searching B. reading C. joking D. shouting
18. A. reached B. helped C. worked D. dropped
19. A. better B. fewer C. stronger D. busier
20. A. shared B. forgotten C. completed D. mistaken
三、阅读理解（每题2分,共26分）
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
A
You change into your pajamas, turn off the lights, and get yourself ready to sleep. How do you prefer to sleep,
on the back or on your side? Here are some interesting sleeping positions.
Starfish
Starfish is when you lie on your back and sleep with
your arms lifted up near your head. According to studies,
only 5% of people sleep like this. It often causes lower back
pain. You can place a pillow（枕头）under your knees if
you have lower back pain. You will feel more comfortable
this way.
Soldier Position
This sleeping position is kind of strange, but very
common. It’s when you sleep on your back with your arms
down and very close to your body. Studies have shown that
people who sleep like this may be quieter. It is actually a
good sleeping position, as it helps keep your spine (脊柱) in
a straight line.
Sleeping on Your Belly
Do you like to sleep on your belly, but experience
problems oftentimes? The position might not help you. It can
make your neck uncomfortable. But if this is how you like to
sleep, you might consider using a very soft cooling pillow to
keep your neck comfortable.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司Freefall
If this sleeping position is not familiar to you, you
should know that at least 7% of the world’s population sleep
that way. In this position, you have your hands on or around
your pillow, with your head turned to one side. But it may
create a twist (扭伤) in the neck. Some studies suggest that
generally you’re a social person if you like to sleep in this
position.
21. Which sleeping position often causes lower back pain?
A. Starfish. B. Soldier Position. C. Sleeping on Your Belly. D. Freefall.
22. Sleeping in the soldier position helps ________.
A. you fall asleep quickly B. keep your spine in a straight line
C. you breathe easily D. treat the pain in your neck
23. If Tom likes to sleep in the freefall position, he might be ________.
A. social B. quiet C. honest D. careful
B
Jeremiah’s Mistake
Jeremiah hurried into the kitchen and washed his hands. He had exactly one hour until his father got home. He
wasn’t used to starting dinner this early. On his nights to cook, Jeremiah generally got dinner ready in fifteen
minutes. But Dad always praised Jeremiah’s meals, no matter how simple they were. “Delicious!” he would say.
But Jeremiah knew Dad liked more complicated (复杂的) dishes, because on Dad’s nights to cook, he used a ton of
ingredients. Dad was a natural cook. Not Jeremiah-at least, not until tonight.
It was Dad’s birthday, and for once in his life, Jeremiah was cooking something complicated: spaghetti with
homemade sauce (酱). He’d eaten it a million times, so he knew most of the ingredients. “Tomatoes, onions, garlic,
beef,” he thought, looking through the fridge. They had everything except the beef. No problem—they’d go
vegetarian tonight.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司Jeremiah cut up the vegetables with Dad’s special knife and put them into the pot. Then he turned to Dad’s
spice(香料) collection. He picked a few familiar ones and put them in. The pleasing smell of fresh tomatoes
amazed him. He tasted it just as Dad usually did. It was terrible! Way too spicy. Aha! A lime would cool things
down. He added in as much lime juice as he could. One more taste. Ugh. It was awful! Now the sauce was sour and
spicy.
He left the kitchen and went into his room. He could at least order pizza, so Dad wouldn’t have to stay hungry
on his own birthday. As he counted his money, he heard the front door open.
“Hi, Jeremiah!” Dad called.
“Coming.”
Jeremiah returned to the kitchen, where he found Dad digging through the food cupboard. “I’m buying pizza,”
Jeremiah said. “It’s not much of a birthday dinner...”
,
Dad turned holding a bag of chips and a bowl of Jeremiah’s spaghetti sauce. “We don’t need pizza!” Dad
smiled. “This delicious salsa(萨尔萨辣酱) is a meal in itself!”
24. Why did Jeremiah decide to cook something complicated?
A. Because it was his dad’s birthday. B. Because his dad told him to do so.
C. Because he arrived home early. D. Because he was a natural cook.
25. Jeremiah thought the sauce he made was ________.
A. neither sour nor spicy enough B. different from what he had expected
C. simple but healthy D. as delicious as he had imagined
26. What can we learn about Jeremiah’s father?
A. He takes his job seriously. B. He is creative and strict.
C. He expects his son to be skillful. D. He is loving and encouraging.
C
Why Do Top Athletes Choke Under Pressure?
学科网（北京）股份有限公司According to classic economic theory, the higher the reward, the better the expected performance. As a result,
we could expect the best performance at the most important moments. But why do we so often see the most
talented and experienced athletes perform much worse than expected in important competitions like the Olympics?
Why the Drop in Performance?
It is not necessarily true that there’s a direct relationship between incentives (激励) and achievement. Research
has shown that increased motivation (动机) beyond a certain level harms an athlete’s performance. We call this
phenomenon “choking under pressure”. Greater incentives may lead to higher levels of arousal (兴奋). The
relationship between performance and arousal looks like an inverted U shape (倒U形), meaning that performance
is the best at certain levels of arousal and drops with over-arousal.
The desire to perform as well as possible is thought to create performance pressure. Many studies have shown
increased pressure has a bad effect on athletes’ performance in skill-based games. When people overthink or
consciously monitor each step, the drop in performance happens.
2
Beyond the pressure coming from the important competitions, another thing that may add pressure is the level
of expectations. An experiment suggested high audience expectations harm performance in a skill-based task. For
example, one of the most famous biathletes in history, Martin Fourcade, said it was very emotional for him to
compete in his home country and also much harder than competing abroad because of greater expectations.
We tested this home disadvantage by using data from biathlon (冬季两项) competitions over 17 years. We
have found the most titled athletes miss a lot more shots when competing in their home country compared to when
they compete abroad. The most reasonable explanation likely relates to the level of expectations from the
homeland.
How to Deal with It?
There are several ways to reduce stress, such as a countdown or taking a deep breath before the task. But the
base for any solution is to realize that stress affects performance. Choking under pressure can happen to the best
athletes and it’s not a shame to admit it. The more athletes know about the effect pressure can have on them, the
more likely they are to succeed at the highest level.
27. What can we learn from “choking under pressure”?
学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. The higher the reward, the better the expected performance.
B. Better achievement in games results from a drop in pressure.
C. Arousal beyond a certain level harms an athlete’s performance.
D. Athletes’ performance in games has something to do with their training.
28. Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 4 and 5?
A. Pressure as a Key to Improving Performance.
B. Pressure as a Push for Becoming Top-level Athletes.
C. High Expectations as a Cause of Choking Under Pressure.
D. High Expectations as an Incentive to Compete in the Home Country.
29. To deal with pressure, the athletes should first ________.
A. avoid the possible feelings of pressure
B. share their worries with friends and coaches
C. try their best to succeed at the highest level
D. recognize the effect of stress on performance
D
Nowadays, the online world is nearly as important as the real one. It is not uncommon to see the whole
Internet bands together to “cancel” someone after they make a mistake, which is called Cancel Culture. It can result
in a person, if famous, losing fans and having to face attacks online. Even a normal person faces risks of losing
their jobs or personal relationships. While stepping foot on any social media platform, everyone including young
children can fall victim to it.
Cancel Culture is a lose-lose situation. The person being canceled has to stand the negative effects of the
Internet, and the people doing the canceling are contributing to (促成) the mindset that it’s okay to do this to people
they don’t know. Young kids may not understand or contribute completely to Cancel Culture, but by simply being
on the Internet, they can see it firsthand, affecting their real lives. A New York Metro Parents article describes one
girl who was canceled in school the same way people are canceled on the Internet, and her friends wouldn’t even
talk to or look at her.
Dr. Pam Rultledge, a media psychologist, explains in her blog post that Cancel Culture discourages kids from
expressing their opinions and standing up for others. It’s always an “us against them” mindset; anyone agreeing
with the person being canceled is at risk of being left out online too.
So again I ask, what is this teaching our kids? That they aren’t allowed to make mistakes? That they have to be
perfect? This may be the current narrative, but it shouldn’t be. Everyone messes up at some point, especially
young children. They shouldn’t be publicly punished for it and not given the chance to change people’s minds.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司Forgiveness is an important skill kids need to learn, and Cancel Culture is encouraging the opposite.
One small mistake doesn’t make someone a bad person, but Cancel Culture makes them feel as if they are.
Cancel Culture doesn’t have to exist. We make it exist. And just as easily, we can make it disappear by contributing
to an online world full of praise and love.
30. The underlined words “fall victim to” in Paragraph 1 probably mean “________”.
A. be attracted to B. get used to C. be shocked by D. get hurt by
31. Why does the writer mention the New York Metro Parents article in Paragraph 2?
A. To explain why Cancel Culture does harm to children’s friendships.
B. To stress the importance of close relationships with friends for students.
C. To show how Cancel Culture has exercised influence on kids’ real lives.
D. To suggest possible ways of changing the habit of overusing the Internet.
32. In Cancel Culture, a person who makes mistakes will be ________.
A. comforted with great patience B. left out and publicly punished
C. taught how to correct the mistakes D. blocked from using the Internet again
33. By saying “This may be the current narrative, but it shouldn’t be” in Paragraph 4,the writer wants to
express that Cancel Culture ________.
A. is easy to change B. has a two-sided nature
C. is supposed to be canceled D. stops mistakes from being repeated
第二部分
本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（每题2分,共10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题 。
Eradajere Oleita has a tradition on her birthday of finding some way to give back. So as her 25th birthday was
around the corner in 2020, she started looking for her next project. She found it when she came across a video on
the Internet about how to iron foil-lined（铝箔内衬的）chip bags into sleeping bags. Oleita said the video gave
her the idea of the Chip Bag Project.
“This is a project that allows me to really bring two of my passions together, people and the environment,”
Oleita said. “We throw so much stuff away and never really think about where that’s ending”.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司“It takes about four hours to sew（缝） a sleeping bag. Each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending
on whether they’ re single-serve or family size,” Oleita told The Detroit News. “Our sleeping bags are better than
the cotton ones. They are waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around.”
,
Once each sleeping bag is complete it’s packed with other donated winter necessities such as socks,
gloves and hats to be given away to homeless people.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December,
created 110 sleeping bags.
“Every time we get a chip bag we’re taking something—something that’s not going into our water,” Oleita
said.” And when we give somebody a bag, we’re giving warmth, and we’re helping a human life.
The Chip Bag Project is just the latest environmental project for Oleita. She has also worked with the Youth
Energy Squad, a program that teaches students about environmental sustainability（可持续性）. One of her first
large projects was creating a 6-foot-tall Minion character out of recycled plastic bottles.
“Before, I felt like environmental things were not topics for people like me,” Oleita said. “But now I believe
that each of us can contribute to the future of the world by training people not to be careless with their things, and
meanwhile, helping people in need.”
34. What gave Oleita the idea of the Chip Bag Project?
__________________________________
35. How long does it take to make a sleeping bag out of chip bags?
__________________________________
36. Why are the sleeping bags better than the cotton ones according to Oleita?
__________________________________
37. What is the Minion character created by Oleita made of?
__________________________________
38. Why is Oleita’s Chip Bag Project meaningful?
__________________________________
五、文段表达（10分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已
给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
39. 假如你是李华，你们学校英语角留言板本月的主题为“致我最想感谢的人”，请你用英语写一则
留言，谈谈你最想感谢谁，以及你感谢他/她的理由。
提示词语：support, encourage, advice, helpful, patience
学科网（北京）股份有限公司提示问题：Who do you want to thank?
Why do you want to thank him/her?
This is a thank-you note to
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40. “凡事预则立，不预则废。”
某英文网站正在开展主题为“做一个有准备的人”的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文
投稿，谈谈是什么经历让你意识到准备的重要性，以及你从中获得的益处。
,
提示词语：competition worried, improve, confidence, proud
提示问题：What experience taught you the importance of preparation?
Please describe it.
What benefits have you got from the experience?
Being prepared is important.
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