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（5）应用文写作—2023届高考英语一轮复习揭秘高考原题【全国
卷】
1.（2022年全国甲卷） 你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题, 举办英语征文比赛, 请你写一
篇短文投稿。
内容包括:
1.海洋的重要性;
2.保护海洋的倡议。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Our Oceans, Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.
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2. （2022年全国乙卷） 学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的
讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1. 学习活动状况描述;
2. 简单评论;
3. 你的建议。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
There are many things we can do to learn English well.
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_____________________________________________________________________3.（2021年全国甲卷）假定你是李华。你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会,并在英文网站
展示。请你写一封邮件给外国朋友Chris, 向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人。邮件内容包
括:
1. 阐明写信事由;
2. 征求建议;
3. 表示感谢。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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二、考情分析
写作基本原则
一、长短句原则
一个短小精悍的句子，通常可以起到画龙点睛的作用。尤其是当我们把短句放在段首时，它不仅
可以承上启下，还可以揭示主题，如：As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to
meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind，they are in a
way quite similar.由此可见，长短句结合，可以给人抑扬顿挫之感。因此，许多专家建议：在文章
第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然
后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，这样主体部分定会让人赏心悦目，文章结尾
只需用一长一短。
二、主题句原则
一篇文章的开头（有时也可在结尾）有一个主题句，也就有了中心，然后围绕主题展开相关内容，
这样的文章思路清晰，让人一目了然。否则，若把主题隐藏在文章的中间，很可能使读者感到云
里雾里，不知所云。如：
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam.（主题句）
Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.开头一句赫然
醒目，直接点题。
三、条理性原则
一般来说，如果一篇文章以第一第二、第三或首先、其次、再次等罗列要点会让人感觉层次分明、
条理清晰、逻辑性强。强烈推荐下列关联词和短语：
1.to begin with，then，furthermore，finally
2.to start with，next，in addition，finally
3.first，besides，last but not least4.most important of all，moreover，finally
5.for one thing，for another
6 on the one hand，on the other hand（用来说明不同的理由或原因）
四、短语优先原则
写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果正确使用短语，有两个好处：一是用短语会给文章增光添彩，自
然会增加得分点；二是学生在考场上有时因为过于紧张而造成思维短路，但还得凑够词数，那么
用短语替代单词不失为一种好办法。比如：I cannot bear it.可以表达为：I cannot put up with it.这样
词数明显增加，表达也非常准确。
五、多实少虚原则
写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不能空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。这里
所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们想表达人或事物很好的时候，不应该总用 nice这样
空洞的词，而是要使用一些诸如generous，humorous，interesting，smart，gentle，warm-hearted，
hospitable之类的形容词。这些生动形象的词语一定会让你的文章大放异彩，令人耳目一新。
六、多变句式原则
1.并列（串联）
我们有时希望自己能写出结构复杂的长句，但又怕写错。要解决这一问题，最保险的写长句的方
法是在句子之间加and，但它们之间最好是先后关系或者并列关系。如：
I enjoy music and he is fond of playing the guitar
如果二者是并列的，我们还可以用 not only…but also…
表示并列关系的词还有：besides，furthermore，likewise，moreover等。
2.转折
用了表示转折的词，可以使文章要点明确，重点突出。如：
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
表转折的词或短语还有：still，however，nevertheless，in spite of，despite等
3.因果
文章中使用了表示因果关系的词后，可以让你的句式变得丰富多彩，语言富于变化，更具说服力。
如：
The snow began to fall, so we went home.
表示因果关系的关联词或短语还有：then，therefore，consequently，as a result，for this reason，so
that 等。
4.失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）
有时突然出现一个不合乎常理的句子，必然会吸引别人的注意力，显得与众不同。其实就是使用
了主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句。如：This is what I can do.
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
5.附加
定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语的恰当运用，也会让人感觉你既有深厚的语法功底，又具有
极强的语言表达能力。如：
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
I don't enjoy the book you are reading.
Mr. Liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
6.排比
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果要让你的文章更加精彩的话，可以使用多个对偶、多
个不定式、多个动词、多个短语等，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势。如：
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional，complex or simple，there is plenty in London for you.
Nowadays，energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil，coal，natural gas，solar heat，
wind and ocean tides.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our
life.
七、挑战极限原则
挑战极限听似很难，但并非高不可攀。在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格之类的句子，因
为学生要么想不到，要么怕写错。其实这一语法项目并不难，它只是分词的一种特殊形式分词要
求前后主语一致，而独立主格则有自己的逻辑主语。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
这种句子出现在文章中一定会令人刮目相看，很自然地成了一个得分点。
三、变式训练
4. 假定你是李华。你家准备在下周日为你刚满一岁的表弟举办“抓周”(Zhuazhou)仪式,你想邀请
你校交流生Lucy参加。请就此给Lucy写一封电子邮件。内容包括:
(1)时间地点;
(2)抓周的内容和意义。
注意:(1)词数不少于100;
(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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5. 假定你是李华,你校海外联谊学校要来你校参观,请你代表学校致欢迎词,要求包含以下要点:
(1)表示欢迎;
(2)学校的活动安排(如诗歌朗诵、书法比赛等);
(3)表达祝福。注意:(1)词数100左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Distinguished guests,
On behalf of my school, I extend my sincere welcome for your arrival at our school.
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6. 假定你是英语校报负责人,请你在英语校报为学校油画展写一则通知。内容包括:
(1)时间、地点;
(2)活动安排;
(3)注意事项。
注意:(1)词数100左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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7. 假定你是李华,在留学生好友Henry的帮助下,你在学校举办的一千米长跑比赛中获得了第二名
的成绩。请你根据以下要点给他写一封邮件:
(1)告知Henry这则好消息;
(2)回顾Henry是如何帮助你的。
注意:(1)词数100左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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8. 假定你是李华,你们学校将要举办茶艺周活动。请你写一篇发言稿,向来自新西兰的一批交换生
介绍该活动。内容包括:
(1)介绍中国茶文化的特点;
(2)介绍此次活动的具体安排。
注意:(1)词数100左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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____________________________________________________________________________答案以及解析
1.答案：
Our Oceans, Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. It aims to raise people's
awareness of protecting oceans.
It goes without saying that oceans play a critical role in the world. Not only do they provide
abundant resources and food for us(倒装句), but they are also crucial for the global climate
development. ①Additionally, oceans are "the lungs of our planet", providing most of the oxygen we
breathe(非谓语动词短语, 其中包括一个省略关系词的定语从句).
②As high school students, it's our responsibility to protect them. First of all, do what we can(宾语从
句) to make a difference. For example, stop throwing garbage into oceans. In addition, call on people
around us to take action, too. I believe we will have cleaner oceans(宾语从句).
2.答案：
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
There are many things we can do to learn English well. As the chart shows, students adopt different
ways to learn English beyond the classroom.
①The percent of the students who listen to English songs is as high as 65%. 50% of them watch
English movies while only 18% read English books. Those who visit English-learning websites account
for12%.
②The figures of the chart suggest that there are a variety of ways to learn English beyond the classroom
with the development of modern technology. Students can choose what they like to enrich their English-
learning experiences.
As far as I am concerned, students should do more listening and speaking so that they can develop their
communication skills.
3.答案：Dear Chris,
How are things going these days? I am writing to ask you for help. My school is going to hold a
theme class meeting about Chinese traditional culture. Because this activity will be presented on the
English website, I sincerely want you to offer me some advice.
As far as we know, there are some cultural differences between China and Western countries. In
order to get more clicks, I really hope you can tell me what kind of Chinese culture you Westerners prefer.
What's more, if I want to decorate my website with some Chinese elements, what should I do? Knowing
you are interested in China, I do believe you can help me solve these puzzles.
I'd be very grateful if you could give me some advice. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua4.答案：
Dear Lucy,
I am Li Hua. I am honored to invite you to attend a special ceremony to be held in Grand Hotel at 6: 30
p. m. next Sunday, which is to celebrate my one-year-old cousin's birthday.
The ceremony is called Zhuazhou that is designed to celebrate the first birthday of a baby. In China, we
usually put some items, such as pens, seals, books and coins, in front of the baby. Then the baby will
choose one. Usually, each item stands for a possibility of their future life. It is really fun, right?
I do wish you can accept my sincere invitation. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
5.答案：
Distinguished guests,
On behalf of my school, I extend my sincere welcome for your arrival at our school.
We arrange a wide variety of activities to get you exposed to our school life. There will be a grand
welcoming ceremony, where our school's history and achievements will be introduced to you. Then
follows calligraphy show, with some students demonstrating how to write its strokes. Equally amazing
were students' works, which are a perfect mix of strength and techniques. What I'd like to stress is that you
can try if interested.
We are blessed to receive you, which broadens our students' horizons and contributes to the knowledge
of oversea school life and culture. And wish our friendship and cooperation an outstanding boost. That's
all. Thanks.
6.答案：
NOTICE
Dear fellow students! An oil painting exhibition will take place in the school hall from 2:00 pm to 5:00
pm on Wednesday afternoon.
First of all, a guide will introduce some basic information about the oil paintings and the painters. Then,
we will get a chance to learn how to create an oil painting, which I believe will be an interesting
experience. If you are lucky enough, you may be awarded a painting. However, all of you should keep
quiet and listen to the guide while visiting. Don't touch the paintings at random for they are really precious.
I sincerely hope you can set aside some time for the art feast!
7.答案：
Dear Henry,
I am writing to express my thanks to you for your training me in running faster in our school's 1 000-
metre race. I won second place.
In fact, I ran much faster than usual and I was regarded as a role model because of my confidence and
persistence. Busy as you were, you set aside lots of time for me, gave suggestions to improve my running
speed and ran with me to cheer me up. If it had not been for your help, I could not have achieved so much.
Thanks again for your help.Yours,
Li Hua
8.答案：
Dear friends,
Welcome to our activity! Today, I feel honored to introduce the Chinese Tea Week to you.
Originating from China with a long history, Chinese tea has been enjoying popularity around the world.
Tea art is the most attractive to foreigners. During the activity, all the participants will have a close look at
different types of Chinese tea and taste different flavors. Besides, you are encouraged to try tea art on your
own, guided by our tea art teachers. Each participant will be given a tiny present after the activity.
I hope you can enjoy yourselves here! Thank you!
