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►第 08 讲 宾语从句 （讲义）
目录
一 复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向
二 考情分析 近年来宾语考情分析
三 网络构建 知识点头脑风暴
1. 宾语从句的概说和分类
2. 宾语从句的引导词
四 宾语从句考向 3. 宾语从句的时态
4. 宾语从句的语序
5.宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法
6.提升必考题型归纳
五 真题感悟 宾语从句经典考题
【复习目标】
1.掌握宾语从句的概说和分类
2.弄清宾语从句的引导词
3.掌握宾语从句的时态问题
4.掌握宾语从句的语序
5.会运用宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法
【考情分析】
课标要求：
近几年全国各地中考对宾语从句的考查是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，
有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理
解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。
考查题型：对宾语从句的考查主要分布在改错、句子运用、完形填空、词语运用题。
考查重点：1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句解题技巧如下:
1.牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀:
宾语从句需注意,几点事项应牢记。
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一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引
导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变
相应过;从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。
三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
2.用好排除法
从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考虑,逐个排查选项。
宾语从句题型命题规律
宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语
序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完
形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾
语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。
【网络构建】
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考向一宾语从句的概说和分类
概说：
1.定义：在复合句中作宾语的从句是宾语从句。
I think everybody likes cookies.
2. 分类：动词宾语从句 I think everybody likes cookies.
介词宾语从句 I agree with what you said just now.
形容词宾语从句 I’m afraid I can’t afford it.
(sure, glad, sorry, happy, afraid)
3.结构：主句+引导词+从句(陈述句语序：主+谓+其他)
分类：
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类：
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
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She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连
接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
考向二 宾语从句的引导词
1. that引导陈述句作宾语从句，口语中常省略。
Tell him (that) I have read the story.
She told me (that) she would like to go with us.
2．连词if/whether引导一般疑问句作宾语从句，表“是否”，从句陈述语序（主语在谓语之前），且
口语中多用if。
Do you know if he will go to school tomorrow?
I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .
注意：以下情况的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if：
① 引导词与动词不定式或or not连用时
I’m not sure whether to go or to stay.
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He asked me whether or not I was thirsty.
② 当从句做介词的宾语时
We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic.
The picnic will depend on whether the weather will be fine.
3．特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问句作宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序。
He didn’t know when he would leave for shanghai.
Could you tell me what is wrong with you?
that 引导的宾语从句
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句
的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正
式的文体中通常可以省略。
一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法
1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：
She says that she will help me learn English this evening.她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。
②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：
He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。
③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，
pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：
I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。
2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动
词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较：
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
【特别提醒】
当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、
格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况：
引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
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I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。
I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。
【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：
That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。
①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；
We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连
词that一般不可以省略。如：
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什
么并且问了我的意见。
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。
6. 宾语从句的否定转移。
在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定
的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如：
①我认为今晚他不能来。
【误】I think he can’t come this evening.
【正】I don’t think he can come this evening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里。
【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now.
【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now.
【特别警示】
含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由
从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：
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I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？
He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？
7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反
意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：
We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？
8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把 It is said that ...（据
说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运
用。如：
It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。
疑问词引导的宾语从句
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾
语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。
①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。
主句 宾语从句
Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗?
I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。
I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动
词前（Liz is)。
②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句
When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？
→ Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？
→ I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。
What should I do? 我该怎么办？
→ Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？
→ Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
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→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。
Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
注意：
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
How much does this coat cost?
→ I want to know how much this coat costs.
Where did you go yesterday?
→ Please tell me where you went yesterday.
（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句
用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was wrong with her.
What’s the matter? 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was the matter.
What has happened to him?
→ We want to know what has happened to him.
if/whether 引导的宾语从句
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用 if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否
＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在 see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find
out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非
正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。
I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
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I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【拓展】
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I don’t know whether he will win or not.
I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He doesn’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.
Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Whether he is single, I don’t know.
5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. （虚拟语气）
6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
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He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work.
注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
考向三 宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根
据实际
情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态
（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the US soon.
3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
He told me that the earth is round.
考向四 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。
1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。
He is an honest boy. The teacher said.
→ The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy.
2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。
Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard.
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考向五 宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法
1.宾语从句的否定前置
think , believe , suppose, consider, imagine等动词后的宾语从句如果是否定句，一般要将否定词not转移至
主句谓语上，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。否定前置的前提是：主句主语是第一人称，时态为一般现在
时。
I think. + He has no time to play with the girl. → I don ’ t think he has time to play with the girl.
She thinks. + She can’t arrive here on time. → She thinks she can’t arrive here on time.
2.宾语从句变反意疑问句
在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“ 动词 / 主语看从句，肯定否定看主句 ”。此类宾语从句常用
动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。
I thought it was late, wasn ’ t it ?
I don't think he will come, will he？
3.宾语从句的转化
（1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简
化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。
She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths.
（2）当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与
从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。
I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy.
（3）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾
语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。
Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park?
（4）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为
不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
一、单项选择
1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—Hi, Steve. Do you know ________?
—No, he didn’t say.
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—Well, tell him ________ to my office as soon as he gets back, will you?
A．where Tom was; to visit B．where Tom has gone; to come
C．where has Tom gone; to visit D．where was Tom; to come
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你好，史蒂夫。你知道汤姆去哪儿了吗？
——不，他没说。
——好吧，告诉他一回来就来我办公室，可以吗？
考查宾语从句和动词辨析。第一处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除CD。visit拜访；come来。根据“tell
him...to my office as soon as he gets back”可知，告诉他一回来就来我办公室。故选B。
2．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）The teacher said that she ________ us to the park the next day.
A．will take B．has taken C．would take D．is taking
【答案】C
【详解】句意：老师说她第二天将带我们去公园。
考查时态。根据“The teacher said that she…us to the park the next day.”可知，句子为主从复合句，主句时态
为一般过去时，that引导的宾语从句应遵循“主过从必过”原则；结合时间状语“the next day”可知，从句
应用过去将来时（would do）。故选C。
3．（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）— I wonder ________.
— Yes, many young people like it very much.
A．how do Chinese people dance B．where can Chinese people dance
C．how many people like Chinese dance D．whether Chinese dance is popular
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我想知道中国舞是否流行。——是的，很多年轻人都非常喜欢。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“Yes, many young people like it”可知此处询
问是否喜欢，用whether引导宾语从句。故选D。
4．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）— Can you tell me ________?
— Never spend too much time on screens.
A．how we can have healthy eyes
B．why we should protect our eyes
C．how can we have bright eyes
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们怎样才能拥有健康的眼睛吗？——永远不要在屏幕上花太多时间。考
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查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除C；根据“Never spend too much time on screens”可知此
次询问方式，用how引导宾语从句。故选A。
5．（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）—Could you please tell me ________?
—With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.
A．if the scarf looked nice on me B．what is the now product like
C．how I can order a robot online D．who did you meet
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——请问你能告诉我怎么在网上订购机器人吗？——我很乐意。请稍等。
考查宾语从句。根据“Could you please tell me”可知，空格处是宾语从句，宾语从句应为陈述语序，故排除
选项B和D。结合语境和“Could you please...”可知，此处could表委婉语气，不表过去时态，A选项不应
该用一般过去时态。故选C。
6．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）—Mum, do you know ________ an engineer?
—That’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school.
A．why my classmates call me
B．what my classmates call me
C．how my classmates call me
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，你知道为什么我的同学们叫我工程师吗？——这很有趣。我猜你在学校经常帮
别人修东西。考查宾语从句。根据“I guess you often fix things for others in your school.”可知询问妈妈是否
知道自己被叫作工程师的原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选A。
7．（2023·安徽·统考模拟预测）—I remember _________ music was played the first time I saw my best friend.
—I guess it was the music we are listening to now.
A．why B．what C．when D．where
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我记得第一次见到我最好的朋友时播放的什么音乐。——我想是我们现在正在听的音
乐。
考查连词辨析。why为什么；what什么；when当；where哪里。由“… music was played the first time I saw
my best friend”可知，此处指的是放的音乐是什么。故选B。
8．（2023·安徽宣城·安徽省宣城市第三中学校考模拟预测）—Do you know ________ it happened?
—I’m not sure. Maybe ten minutes ago.
A．why B．where C．how D．when
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【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你知道什么时候发生的吗？——我不确定。大概十分钟前。
考查宾语从句引导词。why为什么；where哪里；how怎样；when什么时候。根据“Maybe ten minutes
ago.”可知询问时间。故选D。
9．（2023·安徽芜湖·校联考模拟预测）—I wonder ________ you are collecting old books at school.
—Because we want to give them away to children in mountainous areas.
A．how B．why C．when D．whether
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我想知道你为什么在学校收集旧书。——因为我们想把它们送给山区的孩子们。考查
宾语从句连接词。how如何；why为什么；when什么时候；whether是否。根据“Because we want to give
them away to children in mountainous areas.”可知是询问原因，应用why。故选B。
10．（2023·海南省直辖县级单位·统考模拟预测）—Do you know ________.
—In Wenchang Space Launch Center.
A．when China launched (发射) the Tianzhou 6 spaceship
B．where China launched the Tianzhou 6 spaceship
C．how China launched the Tianzhou 6 spaceship
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道中国在哪里发射了天舟六号宇宙飞船吗？——在文昌航天发射中心。考查宾语
从句引导词。根据答语“In Wenchang Space Launch Center.”，可知发射地点是在“文昌航天发射中心”；
分析问句，是宾语从句，答语是“地点”，宾语从句引导词应用where，故选B。
11．（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）—I have two tickets for the coming concert. I wonder ________.
—Yes, I’d love to.
A．how we can go there together
B．whether you can go with me
C．when we should go there
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我有两张即将举行的音乐会的票。我想知道你是否可以和我一起去。——是的，我愿
意。考查宾语从句和交际用语。how we can go there together我们一起如何去那里；whether you can go with
me你是否可以和我一起去；when we should go there我们什么时候应该去那儿。根据“Yes, I’d love to.”可知
对方回答愿意，所以应是问“是否想一起去”。故选B。
12．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）—Can you tell me ________?
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—He is kind and generous. He always helps others.
A．what your buddy likes B．what your buddy is like C．what does your buddy look like
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你的朋友是什么样的人吗？ ——他很友好且慷慨，他总是帮助别人。考
查宾语从句和情景交际。what your buddy likes你的朋友喜欢什么；what your buddy is like你的朋友是什么
样的人；what does your buddy look like你的朋友长什么样。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除C；由答语“He is
kind and generous. He always helps others.”可知，问句问的是人的性格，be like表示“如何；怎样”，说明
人的性格等内在品质。故选B。
13．（2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测）During the COVID-19 epidemic, we were moved by ________.
A．what did the doctors and nurses do
B．what the doctors and nurses did
C．what the doctors and nurses will do
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在新冠疫情期间，我们被医生和护士的所作所为所感动。
考查宾语从句。根据“we were moved by ...”及选项可知，此处考查宾语从句；宾语从句要用陈述句语序，
排除A选项；再根据“were moved”可知，主句时态为一般过去时，故宾语从句要用过去时态。故选B。
14．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）— Can you tell me ________?
—They are more environmentally friendly because they use less energy.
A．what advantage electric cars have
B．who prefers to buy the electric cars
C．why do some people prefer electric cars
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我电动汽车有什么优势吗？——它们更环保，因为它们使用更少的能源。考
查宾语从句及情景交际。what advantage electric cars have电动汽车有什么优势；who prefers to buy the
electric cars谁更喜欢买电动汽车；why do some people prefer electric cars为什么有些人更喜欢电动汽车。分
析句子“Can you tell me...”可知，这是一个宾语从句，应使用陈述句语序，排除C选项，根据答句“They
are more environmentally friendly because they use less energy.”可知，此处是在询问电动汽车有什么优势，A
选项符合语境。故选A。
15．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·考模拟预测）She wonders __________.
A．that she can learn table manners well B．whether is it polite to eat with hands
C．how we are supposed to behave at the table in Japan D．what he would do if he lives alone
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【答案】C
【详解】句意：她想知道我们在日本的餐桌上应该如何表现。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除B选项，结合“She wonders”可知，此处应是想知道一个
问题，故排除A选项，主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，而D选项主从复合句中，主句时态错误，
故选C。
16．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）—I wonder ________ to use this machine.
—You should read the instructions carefully.
A．when B．what C．how
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我想知道如何使用这个机器？ ——你应该仔细读这个说明书。
考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；what什么；how如何，怎么样。根据“You should read the instructions
carefully.”可知，上文应问“如何使用这个机器”。故选C。
17．（2023·福建三明·统考模拟预测）—What a new sweeping robot! Can you tell me ________?
—Just the day before yesterday.
A．where you bought it B．when you bought it C．how you bought it
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——多么新的扫地机器人啊！你能告诉我你什么时候买的吗？——就在前天。考查宾语从
句引导词。根据答语“Just the day before yesterday”可知，问的是时间，所以用when引导。故选B。
18．（2023·海南海口·海南中学校考模拟预测）—Who can tell me ________? I can’t find him.
—Look! He is playing basketball with his classmates there.
A．where my son is B．where my dog is C．what the boy is
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——谁能告诉我我的儿子在哪里？我找不到他了。——看！他在那边跟他同学打篮球。考
查宾语从句。根据“Look! He is playing basketball with his classmates there.”可知此处询问某人在哪里。故选
A。
19．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）— Excuse me, could you tell me ________ ?
—Of course. It’s ten minutes’ ride from here.
A．where is Wuyi Square
B．how far my trip is to Zuohai Park
C．how long it will take me to the West Lake
【答案】B
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【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我去左海公园有多远吗？——当然。从这里开车有十分钟路程。考
查宾语从句。where is Wuyi Square武夷广场在哪里；how far my trip is to Zuohai Park我去左海公园有多远；
how long it will take me to the West Lake我到西湖要多长时间。答语“It’s ten minutes’ ride from here.”表距离，
应用how far引导宾语从句。故选B。
20．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday?
—Sorry, I don’t know if he ________. But I know he ________ interest in sports.
A．will go; is B．goes; has no C．will go; has no
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这个星期六托尼和我们一起去滑雪吗？——对不起，我不知道他是否会去，但是我知
道他对运动不感兴趣。考查一般将来时态及动词短语。根据“Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday?”和
“I don’t know if he...”可知，不知道他周六是否去，事情还未发生，第一空用一般将来时；have no interest
in“对……不感兴趣”，固定搭配，原句是一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用三单。故选C。
21．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）—Linda, may I know ________?
—Certainly. I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.
A．why you will visit your grandparents
B．how you plan to spend your weekend
C．who you are going to the countryside with
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——Linda，我可以知道你打算怎么度过周末吗？——当然。我打算去乡下看望我的祖父母。
考查宾语从句。根据答句“Certainly. I’m going to the countryside to visit my grandparents.”可知，答句表示将
会做某件具体的事情，所以空处的宾语从句应是选项B，询问对方将如何度过周末。故选B。
22．（2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模）—I don’t know ________ to increase my reading speed. Could you help
me?
—Of course. You can read faster by reading word group.
A．what B．why C．how D．where
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我不知道如何提高我的阅读速度。你能帮助我吗？——当然可以。你可以通过读词组
来提高阅读速度。考查宾语从句的引导词。what什么；why为什么；how如何；where哪里。根据“You
can read faster by reading word group.”可知，此处是提高阅读速度的方法，上文应询问如何提高阅读速度，
用疑问词how“如何”，故选C。
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23．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）—The light in the professor’s lab was still on at 11 o’clock. Do you know
_______?
—Maybe at midnight.
A．how long has he worked B．why he stays up so late
C．who he will work with D．when he stopped working
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——教授实验室的灯在11点钟还开着。你知道他什么时候停止工作的吗？——可能在半夜。
考查宾语从句。how long has he worked他工作了多长时间；why he stays up so late他为什么熬夜；who he
will work with他将和谁一起工作；when he stopped working他何时停止工作的。作为宾语从句，用陈述语
序，排除A项，根据“Maybe at midnight.”可知，此处询问时间点，用疑问词when，故选D。
24．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）—What did your parents say to you just now?
—They asked me ________.
A．why did I look unhappy then B．where I will spend my summer holiday
C．if I enjoyed myself at the party D．when did I attend the graduation party
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你父母刚才对你说了什么？——他们问我在聚会上是否玩得开心。
考查宾语从句。根据“They asked me…”可知本句是宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述句语序，AD选项是疑问
句语序，排除；主句是一般过去时，则从句也应是过去的某种时态，B选项是一般将来时，排除。故选
C。
25．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模）The teacher told us that the moon ________ around the earth.
A．moved B．moves C．was moving D．had moved
【答案】B
【详解】句意：老师告诉我们月亮绕着地球转。 考查时态。根据“The teacher told us that the moon...around
the earth.”可知，此处陈述客观事实和真理，用一般现在时，故选B。
二、语法填空
（2023·广东汕头·统考一模）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选
出一个最佳答案。
My parents took me to Japan when I was little. I lived there for five years. 26 I came back, my
Japanese was very good. “Can I do something useful with my Japanese?” I asked myself. Then, one day last spring,
I got 27 good opportunity.
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Everyone was afraid of SARS, so I stayed at home with 28 to do. My father bought me a Japanese
book. “Why don’t you translate it into Chinese? It will be better than 29 computer games all day.”
I promised to do 2,000 words each day. But later I found it was hard to keep the promise. One day in May, the
weather was beautiful. But I couldn’t go out. Those 2 000 words were still 30 me.
After translating only three pages, I already lost interest in the book.
I looked at it for a long time. But I couldn’t make myself turn the pages. 31 I wished I could just go
outside and play football with my friends!
The words 32 by me again and again. I just wanted to give up.
I felt as if two people were fighting 33 my mind. One said, “Don’t give up! Keep working hard, and
you’ll do well!” But then the other one said, “Go and play! It will be 34 than translating. Do your work
tomorrow.”
I stood up and would turn off the computer.
But then I remembered 35 my parents had told me,“Whatever you do, don’t stop half way.” So I sat
down and went on with it.
26．A．Because B．When C．Since
27．A．an B．the C．a
28．A．nothing B．something C．everything
29．A．be played B．playing C．played
30．A．waited for B．been waited for C．waiting for
31．A．What B．What a C．How
32．A．were counted B．counted C．are counted
33．A．in B．with C．about
34．A．the most interesting B．more interesting C．interesting
35．A．how B．where C．what
【答案】
26．B 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．C 31．C 32．A 33．A 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者由于在日本生活过而精通日语，答应父亲翻译日语书籍为中文，却不能坚持
而内心挣扎，最后战胜欲望继续下去。
26．句意：当我回来的时候，我的日语很好。
Because因为；When当……的时候；Since自从。根据“…I came back”可知，此处表示“当我回来的时
候”，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
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27．句意：然后，去年春天的一天，我得到了一个好机会。
an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词。
根据“I got…good opportunity.”可知，此处表示泛指，应该填不定冠词a/an，good以辅音音素开头，不定
冠词a符合题意。故选C。
28．句意：每个人都害怕非典，所以我待在家里无事可做。
nothing没有什么；something某事；everything每件事物。根据“Why don’t you translate it into Chinese”可知，
作者的父亲建议把它翻译成中文，由此可知作者没有其他事情可做。故选A。
29．句意：这比整天玩电脑游戏要好。
be played被动语态；playing现在分词/动名词；played过去式。空前的than为介词，故此空用动名词作宾
语。故选B。
30．句意：那2000字还在等着我。waited for过去式；been waited for无法与空前的were连用；waiting for
现在分词。根据“were”可知，此处用现在分词构成过去进行时。故选C。
31．句意：我真希望我能出去和我的朋友们踢足球！
What感叹句结构为What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语；What a+形容词+主语+谓语；
How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语（在一定语境中，若语义明确，how后有时不出现形容词或副词可视为how
修饰句中的动词）。根据“…I wished”可知，How符合题意。故选C。
32．句意：这些字我数了一遍又一遍。
were counted一般过去时的被动语态；counted过去式；are counted一般现在时的被动语态。主语The words
与谓语count之间是被动关系，故应该用被动语态。根据“wanted”可知，此处是一般过去时，故应该是一
般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
33．句意：我觉得好像有两个人在我的脑海里打架。
in在……里面；with和；about关于。根据“…my mind” 可知，应该表示“在脑海里”，介词in符合题意。
故选A。
34．句意：这将比翻译更有趣。
the most interesting最有趣的（最高级）；more interesting更有趣的（比较级）；interesting有趣的。根据
“than”可知，此处应该用比较级。故选B。
35．句意：但后来我想起了父母对我说的话。
how怎样；where哪里；what什么。remember后用what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中充当宾语。故选
C。
三、语法填空
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阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中
所给单词的正确形式。
Growing up, I was a try-hard in school. If I didn’t get straight A’s, I would be so hard on myself. I drove
myself into a dark place that I was still recovering 36 .
Last year was my freshman year of college. In my first semester, I drove myself into the ground and got a GPA
of 3.8. In my second semester, things stopped 37 (go) my way. I was sick, mentally and emotionally. I got
my first C ever. I thought geography had ruined my life, but 38 (actual), maybe that changed my life.
It wasn’t until my sophomore year 39 I realized that I needed help. I always tried to hide my 40
(anxious) but it came to the point where I couldn’t pretend that I was OK anymore. 41 (admit) I needed
help was the best thing that I ever did for myself.
Now with all of this being said, I want to make 42 very clear that I still always give 100 percent. But
things are different now. I know my limits and I understand 43 (I) more. I no longer have a(an) 44
(health) relationship with school and really I am learning more now than ever before. I am so excited to show the
company that hires me everything I have to offer. I am 45 (confidence) that even though I am not a straight-
A student, I have more to offer than my grades.
【答案】
36．from 37．going 38．actually 39．that 40．anxiety 41．Admitting 42．it
43．myself 44．unhealthy 45．confident
【导语】本文讲述了作者在成长过程中，努力成为一名优秀的学生但失败，最终找到自己的故事。
36．句意：我把自己开进了一个黑暗的地方，我还在从中恢复。recover from“从……回复”，固定搭配，
符合题意。故填from。
37．句意：在我的第二个学期，事情不再按我的方式发展了。stop doing sth.“停止正做的事情”，此处指
“事情停止按我的方式发展”。故填going。
38．句意：我以为地理毁了我的生活，但实际上，也许那改变了我的人生。此处副词修饰句子。故填
actually。
39．句意：直到大二的时候，我才意识到我需要帮助。此处为强调句，结构为it be ... who/that；被强调部
分为物，故填that。
40．句意：我总是试图掩饰自己的焦虑，但到了我不能再假装自己没事的地步。my是形容词性物主代词，
修饰名词。故填anxiety。
41．句意：承认我需要帮助是我为自己做过的最好的事情。谓语为was，此处动名词作主语；“I needed
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help”作admit的宾语从句，省略that。故填Admitting。
42．句意：现在说了这么多，我想明确一点，我仍然总是百分之百地付出。make it adj. that...为形式宾语结
构，从句为真正的宾语，it为形式宾语。故填it。
43．句意：我知道自己的极限，也更了解自己。主语为I，人称一致为互指关系，用反身代词。故填
myself。
44．句意：我不再与学校有不健康的关系，我现在比以往任何时候都学到了更多。此处需形容词修饰名词
relationship；根据“I am learning more now than ever before”可知我现在比以往任何时候都学到了更多，因
此是不再“不健康的关系中”。故填unhealthy。
45．句意：我相信，尽管我不是一个全优学生，但我能提供的不仅仅是我的成绩。be adj.构成“系表”结
构；confident“自信的”。故填confident。
四、补全对话
（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）
A: Hi, Grace. Lovely weather, isn’t it?
B: Yes, so cool! Let’s go to school together.
A: Sure. What are you going to do after class?
B: I have no idea. 46
A: I’ll have a math exam next week. I want to look for some important books and study in the library. 47
B: Sure. I’d love to. I need to return some books to the library. 48
A: Great. We can play badminton after that.
B: That sounds like a good idea. 49
A: Well, that’s a good question. I haven’t played it for several weeks. 50
B: OK. Let’s make it. Oh, it’s almost 8:00. Let’s hurry.
A．OK, I’d like to.
B．Would you like to join me?
C．What about you?
D．I think I need more practice.
E．Are you good at badminton?
F．You used to like sports, didn’t you?
G．And I can also read some magazines there.
【答案】46．C 47．B 48．G 49．E 50．D
【导语】本文中AB二人谈论了课余活动的话题，并约定下课后一起去打羽毛球。
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46．根据“I have no idea.”以及“I want to look for some important books and study in the library.”可知，B反
问A课后去做什么，选项C“你呢？”符合情境。故选C。
47．根据“I want to look for some important books and study in the library.”以及“Sure. I’d love to.”可知，A邀
请B一起去图书馆学习。选项B“Would you like to join me?”符合情境。故选B。
48．根据“I need to return some books to the library.”可知，B继续说要去图书馆做的事情。选项G“我还可以
在那里看一些杂志。”符合情境。故选G。
49．根据“We can play badminton after that.”以及“Well, that’s a good question.”可知，B问了A一个关于打
羽毛球的问题。选项E“你擅长打羽毛球吗？”符合情境。故选E。
50．根据“I haven’t played it for several weeks.”可知，A很久没打羽毛球了。选项D“我想我需要多练
习。”符合情境。故选D。
1．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve
me as my teachers” tells us ________.
A．how should we treat people B．who we can learn from
C．what did we say in public D．why we need teachers
【答案】B
【详解】句意：“三人行，必有我师焉”这句名言告诉我们可以向谁学习。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A、C；根据“When I walk along with two others, they
may serve me as my teachers”可知此句意为“三人行，必有我师焉”，即我们要向别人学习，用who引导宾
语从句。故选B。
2．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Many students did well in this exam. I wonder ________.
—Through their own efforts.
A．why did they get a success B．what they learned from it
C．whether they tried their best D．how they made it finally
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——许多学生这次考试考得很好。我不知道他们最后是怎么做到的。——通过自己的努力。
考查宾语从句。根据“Through their own efforts”可知此处询问是如何考好的，用how引导宾语从句。故选
D。
3．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?
—Yes, there’s one here. It’s in the store.
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A．whom he is talking with B．when I can get to the hotel
C．how to use the machine D．if there’s a restroom around here
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你知道这附近有没有洗手间吗？——是的，这儿有一个。它在商店里。
考查宾语从句。whom he is talking with他正在和谁说话；when I can get to the hotel我什么时候能到达酒店；
how to use the machine如何使用这台机器；if there’s a restroom around here这附近有没有洗手间。根据
“Yes, there’s one here. It’s in the store.”可知此处询问是否有某物，D项符合语境。故选D。
4．（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）—Do you know Liu Cixin, the writer of a famous science fiction San Ti? I
wonder ________.
—In June, 1963.
A．when was he born B．where he was born C．when he was born D．where was he born
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你知道著名科幻小说《三体》的作者刘慈欣吗？我想知道他是什么时候出生的。——
1963年6月。考查宾语从句。根据“In June, 1963.”可知，问的是时间，排除B和D；宾语从句为陈述句语
序。故选C。
5．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）—Do you remember ________?
—Sure. On the evening of May Day.
A．how we got to the Jiefang Bridge B．how did we get to the Jiefang Bridge
C．when the Jiefang Bridge opened itself D．when did the Jiefang Bridge open itself
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你还记得解放桥什么时候通车吗？——当然。在五一的晚上。
考查宾语从句。remember后跟宾语从句，需用“陈述语序”，可排除BD选项；根据“On the evening of
May Day.”可知此处询问的是时间。故选C。
6．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?
—Yes, in Hangzhou, a beautiful city in Zhejiang Province.
A．when will the 19th Asian Games be held B．when the 19th Asian Games will be held
C．where will the 19th Asian Games be held D．where the 19th Asian Games will be held
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你知道第19届亚运会将在哪里举行吗？——是的，在杭州，浙江省一座美丽的城市。
考查宾语从句。根据“Do you know...?”及选项可知，此处要用宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除
AC选项；再根据“Yes, in Hangzhou,”可知此处是问亚运会举办的地点，应用where。故选D。
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7．（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）—Sarah, do you know ________?
—It’s on April 23.
A．what is World Book Day B．what World Book Day is
C．when is World Book Day D．when World Book Day is
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——萨拉，你知道世界读书日是在什么时候吗？——在4月23日。
考查when引导的宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序，故排除A、C。what World Book Day is什么是世界读
书日；when World Book Day is世界读书日是在什么时候。根据答句“It’s on April 23.”可知此处应是when
引导的宾语从句，询问时间。故选D。
8．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________ the Dragon Boat Festival is this year?
—Sorry, I don’t know the exact date.
A．how B．why C．when
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你知道今年端午节是什么时候吗？——对不起，我不知道确切的日期。
考查宾语从句。how如何；why为什么；when何时。根据答语“Sorry, I don’t know the exact date.”可知，
对时间提问，故选C。
9．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）—I want to know ________ you got to Zigong yesterday.
—By high-speed train.
A．where B．how C．when
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我想知道你昨天是怎么到自贡的。——乘高铁。考查宾语从句引导词。根据答语“By
high-speed train.”可知，对方式提问，故选B。
10．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? I want to go shopping
with you.
—Maybe next Saturday afternoon.
A．when are you going to Luofu Plaza
B．when you went to Luofu Plaza
C．when you are going to Luofu Plaza
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我你什么时候去罗浮广场吗？我想和你一起去购物。——也许下周
六下午吧。考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A；结合“Maybe next Saturday
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afternoon.”可知，是一般将来时。故选C。
11．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）— Excuse me, do you know ________? The bus has just left.
— Yes. The next bus will arrive in half an hour.
A．how I can get to the bus station
B．if there will be another bus
C．how much a bus ticket costs
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——对不起，你知道是否还有一班车吗？公共汽车刚刚开走了。——有的。下一班车半小
时后到。考查宾语从句。how I can get to the bus station我怎么去公共汽车站；if there will be another bus是
否还有一班车；how much a bus ticket costs一张公共汽车票要多少钱。根据答语“Yes. The next bus will
arrive in half an hour.”可知，询问是否还有一班车，故选B。
12．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—I’m wondering ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the air ticket B．how can I buy the air ticket
C．when I can buy the air ticket D．when can I buy the air ticket
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我想知道什么时候能买到便宜的机票。——您可以通过我们的官方APP预订。
考查宾语从句。根据“I’m wondering”可知，句子含宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D；答句是订机
票的方式，用how提问。故选A。
13．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—Jenny, do you know ______ ?
—She is from Canada.
A．where is the woman in red from
B．where the woman in red is from
C．what the woman in red likes
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——Jenny，你知道穿红衣服的女人来自哪里吗？——她来自加拿大。
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A选项。结合答语“She is
from Canada”可知，询问来自哪里，用where询问。故选B。
26
