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chapter 10 名词性从句 笔记
·模块一 宾语从句
·模块二 主语从句
·模块三 表语从句
·模块四 同位语从句
·模块五 2022、2023 年全国各省市真题综合训练 45 题
模块一 宾语从句
1. 引导宾语从句的连接词
a. that引导 (that可以省略)
I know (that) most matter has three states（状态）.
____我知道大多数物质有三种状态。_____________
♥Attention♥
宾语从句中that不可省略的情况
宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略
1) 当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个 that，其他不能省略。
I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will get better.
2) 当it作形式宾语时
当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语 it，将真正的宾语从
句移至句末。
结构公式：
主语+consider/find/make/regard/think/+ it+宾补+ that +句子/ to do sth
She made it clear to her parents that she would learn to deal with various problems.
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★小试身手★
1) 特朗普说得很清楚他想当总统。(make… clear)
_Trump made it clear that he wanted to be the President of the United
States.______________________________________________
2) 我们理所当然的认为父母应该爱我们一辈子。(take… for granted)
__We take it for granted that our parents should love us
forever.____________________________________________
3) consider, we, it, should, that, with, importance, all, of, great, we, theory, combine, practice
（连词成句）
We all consider it of great importance that we should combine theory with practice.__
b. whether / if引导
(1)在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中，不能用if。
I don’t know whether he will study abroad or not.
(2)在介词后，只能用whether 和特殊疑问词，不能用if。
His father is concerned about whether he will be kicked out of school.
♥Attention♥
if或whether引导的宾语从句时，虽具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序。在考试中
如果确定句子意思表示“是否”，则一定选择用whether。
★小试身手★
1) I wonder ________ there’s any need to spend so much money on the party.
2) Some people believe ________ a monkey person is sociable.
3) She is worried about _____________ she can get promoted.
4) Teacher told the students ______ the sun __________(have) eight planets.
2. 连接代词以及连接副词引导
结构公式：
a.连接代词：who/whom/ whose/which/what +陈述语序的句子
I don’t know who [whom] you are talking about.
b.连接副词：where/why/when/how/how many 等一切特殊疑问词+陈
述语序的句子
I don’t know why you are late.
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★小试身手★
1) 只有小孩子知道自己在找什么。
________________________
2) Professor Nelson wanted to know _____.
A. when would the conference begin
B. When the conference would begin
C. when will the conference begin
D. when the conference will begin
3) I’m not sure _____.
A. what is the assignment of tomorrow
B. what the assignment for tomorrow is
C. what will the assignment for tomorrow be
D. what will be the assignment of tomorrow
3. 宾语从句连词总结
连词 说明 例句
that 1. 宾语从句用连词that, I have serious reason
that没有意义仅起连接作 to believe that the
用。that 可以省略。 planet is the asteroid
（小行星） known as
B-612.
who, whom, 2. 连接代词who, whom, I gave up what might
what, which what, which，在宾语从句 have been a
中做主要成分。 magnificent career as a
painter.
how, when, 3. 连接副词 how, when, I don’t know where he
where where在宾语从句中作次 is.
要成分。
if或whether if或whether在宾语从句中 I do not know if
只起连接作用，不起语法 (whether) he will
作用，当作“是否”讲。 come.
从句中有 or not 结构时，
要用 whether。
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4. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句除个别情况外，全部使用陈述句语序。
1．I don't know what's the matter.
2．I don't know what's wrong.
3．I don't know what's on today.
4．I don't know which is the way to the cinema.
★小试身手★
1) Do you know_____?
A. when the sports meeting will begin B. when the sports meeting begins
C. when the sports meeting begin D. when will begin the sports meeting
2) Will this sheep have to have a great deal of grass?
Do you think … (连接成宾语从句)
____________
5. 宾语从句的时态
主句 宾语从句
现在时或将来时 时态一般不受主句的时态影响
过去时 a.从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示
与主句谓语动词动作同时发生；
b.从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主
句谓语动作之前；
c.从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发
生在主句谓语动作之后
★小试身手★
1) I don’t know if we each have a destiny, or if we’re all just floating around accidentally, like on
a breeze.
___________
2) The scientist told the student that the sun __________ round. (be)
3) I believe that the friendship between us ______ forever. (last)
4) I knew that our team ___________ (win) the competition.
5) Kate knows what John _____ now.
A. does B. will do C. has done D. is doing
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6. 宾语从句否定转移
主句主语人称 否定前 例句 反义疑问句
移
第一人称 Yes I don’t think the weather 问从句
will be better tomorrow, will
it?
I don’t believe he can finish
the task in an hour, can he?
第二，第三人 No She thought that film was 问主句
称 not interesting, didn’t she?
You think you can't get up
early, don’t you?
★小试身手★
1) We have to finish the work now.（反义疑问？______________）
2) You never told us why you were late for the meeting.（反义疑问？_____________）
3) Nacy, sweep the classroom, ？
A. don’t you B. do you
C. will you D. doesn’t she
4) —He didn’t go to the lecture this morning, did he?
— . Tough he was not feeling very well.
A. No, he didn’t B. Yes, he did
C. No, he did D. Yes, he didn’t
7. 宾语从句和动词不定式转换类似
I don’t know what I should do.=I don’t know what to do.
what to do with; how to deal with固定词组用法。
I don’t know what I should do with this messy situation.
= I don’t know what to do with this messy situation.
★小试身手★
宾语从句和不定式转换练习：
1) I believe that he is an honest man. (保持原句意思)
I believe _____ to _____ an honest man.
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2) He expected to be forgiven. (保持原句意思)
He expected that he ____ ____ forgiven.
3) He isn’t in the office now, I think. (保持原句意思)
I ____ think that he ____ in the office.
4) He will pass the exam. We think it possible. (合并为一句)
We think __ possible _____ he will pass the exam.
模块二 主语从句
主语从句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。
1. 主语从句的引导词
主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词引导。
a. that引导
That a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife is a truth
universally acknowledged.(用it改写)
It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must
be in want of a wife.
♥Attention♥
that引导的主语从句出现在句首时，that不可省略。
b. whether引导
Whether chewing gum helps prevent tooth decay is unknown to me. (用it改写)
__It is unknown to me whether chewing gum helps prevent tooth decay.__________
♥Attention♥
用whether 引导主语从句，而不用if。
c. 连接代词引导
所有值得做的事情都值得做好。
Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.____________________ ____
♥Attention♥
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连接代词引导，不能用it改写
Whoever leaves last turns off the light.
d. 连接副词引导
When we arrive doesn’t matter.
How it was done was a mystery.
♥Attention♥
谓语动词一律用第三人称单数
e. what引导 (相当于中文的“的字结构”)，主谓一致问题“看后”
What we have is knowledge, but what we need are chances.
★小试身手★
1) 沙漠之所以美丽，是因为在它的某个角落隐藏着一口井。
What makes the desert beautiful is that somewhere it hides a well.
2. 主语从句与形式主语it
常见的用it作形式主语的复合结构：
结构 具体情况
1. It is + n./ adj. +that It is a pity/shame that... 可惜的是……
It is a surprise that… 令人吃惊的是…
It is a fact that… 事实是…
It is common knowledge that … …是常识
It’s certain that… 肯定…
It is possible/likely that... 很可能……
It is obvious/clear that… 很明显…
It is true that… 的确…
It is necessary \important \natural\... that…
2. It +不及物动词 It happened that... 碰巧……
+that It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…
It appears/seems that… 似乎，好像…
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It turned out that… 原来…
3. It + be +过去分词 It is said that... 据说……
+从句 It is known to all that... 众所周知……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is believed that... 据相信……;人们
相信……
It is suggested that + (should)do... 建议……
★小试身手★
1) 纸是中国首先造出来的，这是事实。
_____________
2) 人类不可能受机器人的控制。
_______________
3) 我们以前似乎在哪儿见过。
________________
4) 据报道，到目前为止，已经有91个孩子在洪水中失去了生命。
__________________
♥Attention♥
1) 主语从句中that位于句首时不可省略；但是如果主语从句放在后面，that可以省略。
水能够被用来发电是事实。
______________________________________________
2) 主语从句放在前面只能用whether，而不能用if；但是如果主语从句放在后面，whether
和if都可以使用。
他是否能安然无恙的回来还是个问题。
___________________________
模块三 表语从句
1. 表语从句的连接词
a. That连接表语从句，既没有含义也不在从句中担任成分。
人生值得欣慰（solace）之处便是，每一天都有结束的时候。今天亦不例外。
___________________ _
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b. 从属连词whether, as, as if / though 引导的表语从句，有含义，但在从句中不充当任何
成分。
It seems as if the balloon is filled with helium（氦气）.
____________________________________
c. because, why引导的表语从句，通常置于be动词之后的表语从句。
That is why global climate is becoming warmer and warmer.
____________________________________
d. 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever。连接副词
where, when, how, why 这些连词都既有含义也充当一定的句子成分。
The most distant way in the world is not when I stand in front of you, you are not sure I love
you. It is when my love is bewildering（痴迷的） the soul, but I can’t speak it out.
______________________________________
e. 表语从句只用whether不用if表示“是否”。
问题是许多国家是否能够维护国家主权（state sovereignty）。
__ ____
f. 当主语是reason时，表语从句的连接词用that。
我妈妈伤心的原因是丢了一个包，这个包里装了很多重要的文件。
_______
模块四 同位语从句
1. 同位语从句的连接词
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。
a. that引导同位语从句
主句中有些词义比较抽象的名词, 如 belief, doubt, evidence, idea, fact, hope, possibility,
thought等，可以用that引出的从句做同位语，叫做同位语从句，that不可以省略。That
从句的内容即为这个名词的内容，that在从句中不充当成分。
b. whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句
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2. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
a. 意义的不同:
We are glad at the news that he will come.
(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)
We are glad at the news that he told us.
(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其
他的news，故that从句为定语从句)
b. 引导词的功能上的不同：
that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要
么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。
Today there is evidence that the resources of the sea are as seriously threatened as those of the
land.
______________
There is no doubt that Premier Wen Jiabao is an excellent leader.
___________________
一、 名词性从句的注意事项
1. 语序问题
2. 连接词的选用问题
a. that, whether, if, as if都不作句子的任何成分。
因此，它们所引导的句子结构必须完整。that 一般用于确定的语气中，引导宾语从句时，
口语中的that可省略，而其他情况中的that一般不可省；而whether, if一般用于不确定
的语句中。如：
That he learnt English before is certain.
他学过英语是肯定的。
I don’t know whether / if he will learn English.
我不知道他是否会学英语。
He looks as if he knows English.
看起来他好像知道英语。
★小试身手★
1) It seems a perpetual（永恒的） rule that flops（失败） are produced elatedly（兴高采烈
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的） and masterpieces painstakingly（辛苦的）.
2) This is where all dreams begin.
3) What we should care about is not where it’s headed but what we see and how we feel.
4) I love you not for who you are, but for who I am with you.
5) The news got around that the general manager would marry his secretary in the company.
6) It still remains a mystery what he will assign for the class.
7) Happiness doesn’t depend on who you are or what you have; it depends solely on what you
think.
8) Please remember what you do now will decide your future directly.
9) What we anticipate seldom occurs; what we least expect generally happens.
10) You will never know what you will be.
2022、2023 年全国各省市真题综合训练 45 题
模块五
一、单项选择
1．（2023·重庆南岸·重庆第二外国语学校校考一模）It was said _______ had contributed to the project
would be promoted.
A．who B．that who C．whoever D．that whoever
2．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）— Could you please tell me ________?
— It’s on the second floor.
A．why you were late B．where the restroom is
C．when the shop opens D．how the weather will be tomorrow
3．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Ben believes he ________ a college student in 3 years.
A．becomes B．became C．will become D．has become
4．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?
—It’s in the desert to the east of Cairo.
A．what the new capital of Egypt (埃及) is B．where the new capital of Egypt is
C．how big the new capital of Egypt is D．why Egypt is getting a new capital
5．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—I want to know ________.
—Friendly and honest people.
A．when you will meet your friends
B．how you make your friends happy
C．where you spend weekends with friends
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D．what kind of people you want to make friends with
6．（2023·山东青岛·统考中考真题）—Bob, could you tell me ________?
—Of course. Every day.
A．when the teacher will come B．why you keep a diary
C．how long you slept last night D．how often you exercise
7．（2023·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me
________?
A．who will be the host of it B．in which hall was it held
C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech
8．（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________ Dalian Laohutan Ocean Park?
—Next Sunday.
A．when we will visit B．when will we visit C．when we visitedD．when did we
visit
9．（2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题）—Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming. Shall we
celebrate it together?
—I’d love to, but could you tell me ________?
A．what is the meaning of the festival
B．where we would have the celebration
C．how you usually celebrate the festival
D．when is this year’s Dragon Boat Festival
10．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）— Sandy, Dragon Boat Festival is coming. Could you tell me________?
— Sure! You can buy some in Shihui Supermarket. It’s not far from here.
A．where I can buy some sweet zongzi
B．who likes eating sweet zongzi
C．whether this kind of zongzi is sweet
D．how you make sweet zongzi
11．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Do you know ___________ ?
—It was introduced through the Silk Road.
A．why pepper was planted in China
B．what pepper was used for in China
C．when pepper was discovered in China
D．how pepper was introduced to China
12．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve
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me as my teachers” tells us ________.
A．how should we treat people B．who we can learn from
C．what did we say in public D．why we need teachers
13．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Many students did well in this exam. I wonder ________.
—Through their own efforts.
A．why did they get a success B．what they learned from it
C．whether they tried their best D．how they made it finally
14．（2023·甘肃天水·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?
—Yes, there’s one here. It’s in the store.
A．whom he is talking with B．when I can get to the hotel
C．how to use the machine D．if there’s a restroom around here
15．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—I’m wondering ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the air ticket B．how can I buy the air ticket
C．when I can buy the air ticket D．when can I buy the air ticket
16．（2023·江苏常州·统考中考真题）Could you tell me something about Qu Qiubai? I need to know about
________.
A．how many books did he publish B．that he studied and worked in Russia
C．which part of Changzhou did he live in D．what foreign languages he could speak
17．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________?
—Yes, in Hangzhou, a beautiful city in Zhejiang Province.
A．when will the 19th Asian Games be heldB．when the 19th Asian Games will be held
C．where will the 19th Asian Games be heldD．where the 19th Asian Games will be held
18．（2022·辽宁营口·统考二模）— David didn’t finish the task on time.
— ________ he looks so sad.
A．He thinks B．Not matter C．No wonder D．I wonder
19．（2022·重庆开州·校联考模拟预测）It’s reported that ________ birds fly to Hanfeng Lake in spring every
year.
A．million B．millions
C．millions of D．million of
20．（2022·江苏南通·统考一模）—Though things are going smoothly now, I’m still in doubt _________ .
—Whatever the result is, don’t be too hard on yourself.
A．why are my parents strict with me
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B．whether I can get high marks in the entrance exams
C．how have I prepared for my entrance exams
D．that I can enter my ideal senior high finally
21．（2022·天津·统考一模）—We have no idea ________.
—It’s heard that he is Mr. Green’s son.
A．where he comes from B．if does he live here
C．who he is D．who is he
22．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）—You look so happy. Could you please tell me________?
—Sure.
A．that you visited your grandparents B．who did you spend the holiday with
C．what place you have visited D．when did you watch a football match
23．（2023·福建·一模）There’s no doubt ________ China is a safe place to live.
A．if B．that C．whether
24．（2023·江苏徐州·校考二模）There is no doubt ________ Harry Potter is worth ________.
A．whether; reading B．if; to read C．that; reading D．that; being
read
25．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）— You’ve no idea ________ to build a new airport. Let me tell you,
young man. That’s millions of dollars.
— Wow, that’s a lot of money!
A．how long it will take usB．how much it will cost C．how much will it cost
26．（2023·江苏常州·校考二模）Our country ________ great changes in the past 75 years and it is no longer
________ it used to be.
A．went through; what B．has gone through; that C．experienced; that D．has
experienced; what
27．（2023·江苏南通·统考二模）Everybody might make mistakes, but the difference is ________ we see the
mistake — a learning experience or a failure.
A．when B．how C．why D．what
28．（2023·江苏·一模）A man should follow his heart when reading, or ________ he reads as a task will do
him little good.
A．that B．how C．why D．what
29．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________?
—By underground.
A．where is Shenyang Imperial Palace
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B．where Shenyang Imperial Palace is
C．how I can get to Shenyang Imperial Palace
D．how can I get to Shenyang Imperial Palace
30．（2023·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me ________?
—About an hour’s drive.
A．how long it takes to get to Yangxin
B．how long does it take to get to Yangxin
C．how far is it from Huangshi to Yangxin
D．how far it is from Huangshi to Yangxin
31．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）—Do you remember ________?
—Sure. On the evening of May Day.
A．how we got to the Jiefang Bridge B．how did we get to the Jiefang Bridge
C．when the Jiefang Bridge opened itself D．when did the Jiefang Bridge open itself
32．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）—You know ________? In 12 hours!
— That’s crazy. How is it even possible?
A．how soon we must finish the task B．how often we must finish the task
C．how soon must we finish the task D．how often must we finish the task
33．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）— I wonder _______ this evening.
— What about the Sports Center? It’s big and clean.
A．where we can play basketball B．when we can play basketball
C．when can we play basketball D．where can we play basketball
34．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）—Hi, Kate. I want to know ________.
—You can help to hand out some notices.
A．when School Day is B．who can come to School Day
C．why we hold School Day D．what I can do for School Day
35．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）—I wonder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B．how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C．who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D．who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
36．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）—Lily, can you tell me ________ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year?
—Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race.
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A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did
you do
37．（2023·辽宁锦州·统考中考真题）—Amy, I wonder ________ in the street when I come to pick you up.
—Well, there’s a big tree with lovely flowers by the front gate at the moment.
A．who I can go with B．how I can find your house
C．why I can’t take the bus D．when I should arrive at your house
38．（2023·湖北襄阳·统考中考真题）—I wonder ________.
—There is a new parking lot across the street from here.
A．where I can park my car
B．where can I park my car
C．how long I should park my car
D．how long should I park my car
39．（2022·江苏无锡·校联考一模）A person can’t be really happy if ________ he enjoys doing is thought of
no importance.
A．that B．what C．how D．which
40．（2022·江苏无锡·江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校校考二模）Respect is not one-way traffic but mutual,
and that might be _________ we fight back in the trade friction against the USA．
A．where B．what C．why D．how
41．（2022·内蒙古包头·统考二模）This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and
hope for the best.
A．what B．whether C．if D．where
42．（2022·黑龙江绥化·校联考模拟预测）The reason ________ he didn’t come was ________ he was ill.
A．why; that B．that; why C．for that; that
43．（2022·江苏泰州·泰州市海军中学校考二模）You’ve no idea ___________to build a new airport. Let me
tell you, young man. That’s billions of dollars!
A．how much it will cost. B．how long it will take us
C．how much will it cost D．how long will it take us
44．（2023·江苏常州·校考二模）How lucky our giant panda, Yaya, is to come back to China! There is a little
doubt in our mind ________.
A．how long she has lived in America B．she got used to the life in America
C．which zoo she lived in America D．if she will be cured through our efforts
45．（2023·黑龙江绥化·校考三模）This is ________ I was born and grew up.
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A．that B．where C．in which
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