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专题 03 完形填空
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
（2024 年 1 月浙江省高考真题）While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the
Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all
else, wonderful 43 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 44
me on the train. My 45 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 46
to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 47 a two-year professional
school to quickly find a job 48 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the
most 49 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard
physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 50 a translated Emerson passage before
asking about the literary influence of American 51 as a whole. ”And what do you all
learn about Russian authors?” I 52 him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 53 my assumptions about this highway builder who had
never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 54 ,
and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 55
me just how much one can gain from 56 with an open mind, and a willingness to
57 with locals from all walks of life.
43．A．experiment B．encounter C．competition D．appointment
44．A．treated B．savedC．lectured D．approached
45．A．true B．so-called C．new D．long-lost46．A．chance B．advice C．trouble D．right
47．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded
48．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding
49．A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable
50．A．publish B．quoteC．сорy D．download
51．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students
52．A．anticipate B．imagine C．recallD．catch
53．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with
54．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated
55．A．askedB．warned C．showed D．promised
56．A．traveling B．reading C．searching D．teaching
57．A．cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage
【答案】
43．B 44．D 45．C 46．A 47．C 48．A 49．D 50．B 51．
A 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．C 56．A 57．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子
在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了 20个小时的火
车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这
是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D.
appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次
美妙的邂逅。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；
B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文
两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个
机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见
的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选
C。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机
会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后
文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年
的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜
访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-
year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年
的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building
修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order
to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳
动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical 典型的；B. obvious 显然的；C. natural 自然的；D.remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical
labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。
故选D。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问
美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download
下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询
问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；
D. students 学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary
influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄
罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。
A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at
one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容
易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据
后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred
miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠
自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这
么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D.
self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical
labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故
选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行
并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警
告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指
年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中
获得多少收获。故选C。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行
并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading
阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness
to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行
并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；
C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各
业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
（2023年新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语真题）On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-
country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 58 the course earlier than she
did. Her 59 came because she was carrying a 60 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 61
when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 62 to help her fellow runner, Danielle
Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 63 . She couldn’t. Bailey
then 64 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line,then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 65 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 66 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had
serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 67 to make it to
that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 68 about why her act is considered a big 69 . “She was
just crying. I couldn’t 70 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the
right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 71 , they’ve since become friends.
Neither won the race, but the 72 of human kindness won the day.
58．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished
59．A．delayB．chance C．trouble D．excuse
60．A．judgeB．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor
61．A．race B．school C．town D．training
62．A．agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised
63．A．courage B．aid C．patience D．advice
64．A．went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down
65．A．medical B．public C．constant D．equal
66．A．interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated
67．A．hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness
68．A．worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged
69．A．gameB．problem C．lesson D．deal
70．A．leaveB．cure C．bother D．understand
71．A．ride B．test C．meet D．show
72．A．secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange
【答案】
58．D 59．A 60．D 61．A 62．C 63．B 64．D 65．A 66．
B 67．B 68．C 69．D 70．A 71．C 72．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie
Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B.
followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to
the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，
Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更
早完成比赛”。故选D。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay
延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should
have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更
早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge
裁判；B. volunteer 志愿者；C. classmate 同学；D. competitor 参赛者。根据第一段的
“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点
线。故选D。61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的
时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D.
training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此
处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；
B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”
可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A.
courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her
arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
64．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她
走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B.
stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb
onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。
65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着
她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B.
public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”
可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故
选A。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得
知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D.
appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往
医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着
到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据
第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极
度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。
68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一
件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气
的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正
确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件
大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel
like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她
的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；
D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她
走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。
故选A。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后
来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据
第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young
women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体
育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。
A. secret 秘密；B. display 展示；C. benefit 利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let
Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to
where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去
接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点 完形原则
跳读首尾句进行预测
利用语法分析解题
利用固定搭配解题
利用固定句型解题
利用复现信息解题
利用跳读法解题
巧用排除法解题
利用逻辑关系解题
巧用背景常识解题
利用对比结构解题
利用平行结构解题
利用暗示和对应解题
根据文章的感情色彩解题
综合利用各种线索解题
01 跳读首尾句进行预测
一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜
想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可
能就是一个故事;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点，
那么就是议论文。首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的
总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。
Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how
she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.
本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员 Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下成功
学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想 Evelyn Glennie学习打击
乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐肯定
也是充满热情的。
02 利用语法分析解题
完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题，考生可以
利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子
结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：
___8___ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job.
A. Because B. While C. If D. Since
【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知这只是个假设，是一个虚拟语气
的条件句。故前面要用 if 引导。
03 利用固定搭配解题
完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。
习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生
平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有
较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力
如：
They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ___12___ baths.
A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered
【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意为“洗澡”。
04 利用固定句型解题
完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解，但同时也会考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好这些句型，
对确定题目的答案很有帮助。如：
It wasn’t long ___18___the police caught the thief.A. after B. when C. before D. until
【解析】It wasn’t long before…是常用句型，意为“不久就……”。这里说的是不久警察就
把小偷捉到了。
05 利用复现信息解题
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现
和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同
时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息
确定正确答案。如：
I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had
furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy,
my new ___44___, dressed neatly.
A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion
【解析】名词同现，空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好
的床上的是“我”的室友。
06 利用跳读法解题
一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简单的。对于这类空格考生可以先将
其确定下来，之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太容易得出答案的题。切忌做题时循
规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。如：
“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awake at once. He___1___ up and looked around. A short distance
away, a group of___2___ stood quietly watching us. One of them ___3___ walking toward us. We
both jumped to our ___4___ not knowing what to expect.
1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put
2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants
3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired
4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet
【解析】在通读全文的第一遍中，我们可以很容易地将第四空填出来，这是固定搭配 jump
to one’s feet (跳起来);由此也可推出第三空的答案，因为有人开始向“我们”走了过来，所
以“我们”才跳了起来;再根据第一空前面的wide-awake可知，此处指的应该是“我和Josh
完全清醒，坐起来，环顾四周”，所以第一空的答案为A;最后，根据句首Visitors可推知第二空的答案为B。
07 巧用排除法解题
在有些情况下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案，可以把排除法和词汇
语法分析结合起来运用，缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。如：
The woman looked carefully at me ___5___ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low
voice.
A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again
【解析】这篇文章讲述的是没有工作经验的作者找到工作的故事。此题的解题关键词是
carefully，既然是“认真地看”，就不会是in a minute (立刻、马上);既然互不相识，作者也
未曾去找过工作，不会是as usual(像往常一样);前面没说已经打量过作者一次了，所以用
once again(再一次)是不合理的。所以，答案只能是B.
08 利用逻辑关系解题
尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空的最
佳途径。所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的衔接
中。通过逻辑关系的方法，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来
从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。这样做，使得题目的难度大大降低。
(1) 句中逻辑关系
Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, and___45___nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently,
and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body.
A. mostly B. partly C. sometimes D. rarely
【解析】短文中的usually和and是本题逻辑推理的线索。And前后构成了并列关系，即
and前的 usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 这些维生素成分和and 后面的 nitrogen 成分形
成并列关系，相应修饰 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 的usually必然和修饰 nitrogen 的45空的
词构成一一对应的逻辑关系。鉴于此，在45空考虑填入的应是和usually相对应的频度副
词，而语义与usually略有不同。mostly 和partly都表示了部分、量的含义，与频度无关。
rarely(很少地，罕有地)虽表示了频度关系，但其意义与usually相反，不符合一一对应的一
致性，因此排除。只有C项sometimes(不时，有时)恰到好处地表示了and前后两部分的逻
辑对应。故选C。
(2) 句间逻辑关系
在此，我们发现所谓逻辑关系并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，它还可以渗透到
篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。如：
Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers on a short leash. ___13___, she encourages them to get
___14___ ways to do business.
A. Still B. Yet C. Instead D. While
【解析】根据前后句子的意思可推出两句间的逻辑关系是转折，意思是“Old Mr Cleveland
把工人用带子捆绑起来(没有任何自由)，而她不那样，相反(instead)她鼓励雇员”。
(3) 段间逻辑关系
这种逻辑关系主要体现在段落之间的衔接上。如：
Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized, ___29___, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th
century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the
process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.
A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore
【解析】这里有两种情况，第一可能是第二段前后的逻辑体现;第二就是段落的前后衔接。
但是，这个题出现在第二段的第一句 ，那么，从完形填空注重逻辑关系的命题思路来看，
我们优先考虑第二种情况。前段末句意为“不是每个人都能够正确看待这个进程”。而第
二段首句为“大家普遍认为”，显然这两者之间存在了逻辑意义上的相反，此处可能体现
了一种转折关系。故选C。
09 巧用背景常识解题
解答完形填空题时，有时文章中提供的信息还不够，还需要把读者头脑中储存的一般知识
信息结合起来考虑，最后作出符合常识的最佳答案。因此，考生的知识范围越广，则对文
章的理解会更容易，整体上知道所选短文在说什么，那么局部上的每一个空填起来也会得
心应手。因此解答完形填空题时，考生的英语语言知识和有关世界的知识，都发挥着重要
的作用。
当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地加以
运用，先找出并理解文章主题和主线，并根据主题猜测细节，注意从重复出现的词语中寻
找、体会文章表达的氛围。这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，
顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。如：
After ___2___ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they
started the 950-mile journey back.A. growing B. putting C. planting D. laying
【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant在这里的意思
是“安插”“插牢”，故答案为plant。
10 利用对比结构解题
对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考
完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计
题目。如：
A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and___59___room is in a much better position than a
pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
【解析】本题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的 a small, noisy room
with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景
的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。
11 利用平行结构解题
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似，意思密切关联，语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言
现象。这些结构的形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密。
命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其表现意义的关联或对比这一特点
来设空。高考完形填空短文常常会出现这样一些平行结构，掌握这些结构极为相似的句子
可大大提高我们的解题效率。如：
Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and
continue working to keep them ___42___ and active.
A. alive B. vivid C. mobile D. diverse
【解析】因空格处与and后面的active是平行的，所以答案为与active意思相近的alive。
12 利用暗示和对应解题
完形填空题中虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和单词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文章故
事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空
最关键的思维方式。
考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗示多
为后面暗示前面。如：
...he would join student groups to discuss a variety of ___47___: agriculture, diving and
mathematics.
A. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents
【解析】此题后面的冒号部分有提示：agriculture，diving and mathematics是他们谈话讨论
的话题，由此可得出本题的答案为B。
13 根据文章的感情色彩解题
考生在第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒
贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的
作用。如：
I was so surprised that I was ___47___(speechless). My cousin must have made an effort to get
himself into shape. ___48___(As a result), at the point in our game when I’d have predicted the
score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ___49___(instead) 7 to 9 and Ed was 50 (leading).
【解析】surprised 一词道出了情况的转折，我们可以看到这时作者用词的转变。made an
effort，get into shape 等这些褒义词的使用对这些空的选择起到了很好的引导作用。
speechless, instead 都是由惊讶得出的。
14 综合利用各种线索解题
完形填空题主要考查短文阅读理解的能力。因此考生必须阅读全文，弄清句子与句子之间
的关系，准确理解全文。为了答好题，考生必须从字里行间寻找能够利用的线索。如书写
和形态变化线索(graphic and morphological clues)、词汇线索(lexical clues)、句法线索
(syntactical clues)、社会文化线索(socio-cultural clues)，并根据有关的线索进行猜测，作出
合理的判断。如：
And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clock three days from that day…
Since he was ___44___ in three days, Andy didn’t lose any time.
A. moving B. returning C. staying D. leaving
易错考点归纳
易错点一 不懂熟词生义
对于一些看上去很熟悉的词，考生往往不知道或者不重视除了自己所记住的词义之外的其他意思或者其他词性。在平时的复习中考生不重视熟词生义，导致他们在高考紧张的答题
时间内，脑海中出现的就只有自己最熟悉的意思，从而出现答题失误，导致丢分。近几年
高考英语全国卷完形填空中频繁出现熟词生义这个考点，一般以下列两种形式呈现：
01 一词多义
And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express
different 42 of gratitude（感谢）.
A. grades B. meanings
C. needs D. expectations
【答案】A. grade（等级）grade: n. 年级（熟词熟义）→ n. 程度；等级（熟词生义）根据
句意可知，different grades of gratitude 意为“不同程度的感谢”。整个句子的意思是“当
时想，如果有一系列表达不同程度感谢的词，事情就容易多了”。
【易错选项解析】B。答案怎么可能会是 A ？grades 这个词再熟悉不过了，不是“年级”
的意思吗？这是大部分考生看到这个词时的第一反应，殊不知，就是这种“最熟悉的陌生
人”让考生与正确答案擦肩而过。考生不知道 grade 还可以表示“程度；等级”，因而在
排除了 C. needs（需求），D. expectations（期待）之后，勉强选了 B. meanings（意思）。
02 多词性词
多词性词是指同一个词，在不变换词形的情况下，有一种以上的词性。如果平时学生不留
意，没有掌握这种多词性词，那么在高考英语中它就会对学生答题造成干扰。
The patient looked puzzled, and then 56. replied :“Oh this isn’t for the 57. care I had. I
take that as a 58 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
A. goal B. given
C. push D. greeting
【答案】B. given（既定的事实，一定会发生的事情）given v. 给；赠送（give 的过去分词，
基本义 / 熟义）→ n.既定的事实（熟词生义）根据句意可知，这位患者给护士钱，不是因
为她得到了护士的照顾。她认为护士照顾她是“一定会发生的事情”此外，“take sth. as...
（把……认为）”这一短语以及代词that 的指代作用，增加了学生解答试题的难度，也影
响了这道题的正答率。【易错选项解析】D。2021 年高考英语的这道题难倒了诸多考生。根据考生回忆，当时没
有选 B 的原因，主要是其不知道该词的意思。英语基础好一些的考生也只记得given 是
个形容词，但不知道其具体的意思。在这种情况下，考生排除了 A. goal（目标），C. push
（推），因不确定B. given 的意思，尽管有一部分考生认为 D. greeting（问候）带到原文
中意思似乎也不对，但还是勉强选了 D。
易错点二 未能联系上下文
高考英语完形填空都有特定的主题语境，但是考生往往会忽视语境对语篇的统摄作用，导
致其做题时“只见树木，不见森林”。考生遇到不会的题，可以暂时放过，往往下文会有
语境上的提示，这也是教师在讲解完形填空时经常对学生说的“上下求索”，即联系上下
文，它主要有以下三种情况：
01 同词复现
同词复现指的是完形填空中的某个设空处的答案在上下文中已经出现过。学生通过“上下
求索”就能得出设空处的答案。
I wonder if 49. parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50. consequences. I have a
very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52. spiritual damage to our children...
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear.
A. demand B. fear
C. desire D. doubt
【答案】B. fear n.（害怕）。句意：“我非常害怕，现在撒的谎正在对孩子造成精神上的
伤害。”
【易错选项解析】D。有的考生看到51空前的strong 会选择 doubt，觉得应该是我深深怀
疑……，但是如果考生在这里多思考一下，接着看下文“Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear.”，
就会得出正确答案为 B. fear。
02 同义复现
同义复现是指完形填空中某个设空处的答案在上下文中有相同或者相似意义的表达的暗示
有时候这样的暗示是通过转折关系来体现的。学生通过揣摩上下文语义就能得出设空处的
答案。
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had
a 51. phone phone number for a town in southern Michigan.
A. predicted B. advertisedC. believed D. recorded
【答案】B. advertised v.（做广告）。句意：“当地农民告诉他们这只狗像是当地报纸上刊
登的走丢的狗。”
【易错选项解析】D。考生选错的原因在于其没有看到下文中的“The ad had a ...”，还有部
分考生看到 ad 一下子就懵了，没反应过来 ad 是 advertisement 的缩写，觉得这个消息应
该是在当地报纸上 record（记录）的，从而误选 D。
03 逻辑关系
准确把握上下文逻辑关系对提高考生完形填空试题的正答率大有裨益。逻辑关系有顺承、
转折、因果等。有时候考生要想分析出这样的逻辑关系，还需要通读全篇。
“We see the sky is 43. blue , but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a 44 day.”
A. cloudy B. normal
C. different D. warm
【答案】A. cloudy adj.（阴天的）。句意：“我们能看到天空是蓝色的，但是在山谷里天
变暗了，像阴天一样。”
【易错选项解析】C。根据破折号前的内容可知，山谷里稍暗一些，破折号后的内容是对
前文的进一步解释。此外，对比句意的前后逻辑关系 blue—darker—（...），也可以看出应
选 cloudy，而不是 different，blue—darker—different（snowy? rainy?）这样的逻辑关系在
这里讲不通。
易错点三 没记准词义或固定搭配的含义
词义辨析或者固定搭配是完形填空的必考项，尤其是形近词辨析、动词短语或者介词短语
辨析。这类题型考查的是学生对词义或固定搭配的识记能力，但考生往往因为选项中的单
词或者短语比较相似而记不准词义，从而导致丢分。
... but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four
days.
A. on purpose B. on time
C. in turn D. in vain
【答案】D. in vain（徒劳）。句意：“枪声把狗吓跑了，Jeff 搜寻了 Rosie 四天，没有任
何结果。”
【易错选项解析】A、B、C。A. on purpose（故意），B. on time（按时），C. in turn（依
次；轮流），D. in vain（徒劳）。考生如果没记准这些常见的固定搭配，就会想当然地随
便选择选项。易错点四 缺乏常识或文化背景知识
对于完形填空中的一些考查常识或文化背景的题，如果考生对相关的主题比较熟悉，有这
方面的常识或者文化背景，那么正答率就高。这就要求考生的阅读面要广，有一定的常识
及文化背景知识的积累。
58. Finally you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon
disappear.
A. permanent B. little
C. fresh D. artificial
【答案】A. permanent adj.（永久的）。根据句意，“最后你会爬到像北极一样的地区，那
里永久的积雪和冰川也许很快会消失。”
【易错选项解析】B。这篇完形填空的主题是人与自然，介绍了非洲最高的山——乞力马
扎罗山的环境污染情况，以及在当地机构努力治理之后，其环境的改观。如果学生对乞力
马扎罗山有所了解，就会知道它是世界上唯一的一座“赤道雪山”。目前乞力马扎罗山的
冰雪融化、冰川消失现象非常严重，在过去的80年内冰川已经萎缩了80%以上。有环境专
家指出，乞力马扎罗雪顶可能将在10年内彻底融化消失。选错的考生认为，既然积雪和冰
川马上就要消亡了，那积雪肯定特别少，所以就误选了B.little。在缺乏背景知识的情况下，
考生就会有各种奇葩的思路。
Passage1
（2024届江苏二模英语试题）Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction
worker trapped on top of a 160-meter-high building.
As a crane (吊车) 73 working on a construction site, Edwards 74 found himself in
a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he 75 the trapped worker
from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowerin a
cage to him to let him 76 .
However, his attempt to 77 the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each
post (弹) of wind prevented to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also
added to the difficulty. 78 the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to
79 control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered 80 on where to land the cage
through a radio. Edwards 81 the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hanged
(盘旋) just inches from the edge of the 82 . With determination, Edwards successfully
landed the cage.
Eventually, Edwards watched the cage 83 the man away from the horrible fire below andlowering him to safety. The crowd 84 a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the
courage and skill 85 by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong 86
had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster.
A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him —— with organizers 87
people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts.
73．A．engineer B．operator C．cleaner D．salesman
74．A．regularly B．unfortunately C．intentionally D．unexpectedly
75．A．helped B．spotted C．realized D．guided
76．A．escape B．hide C．walk D．slide
77．A．cleanB．coverC．position D．open
78．A．Despite B．Without C．For D．From
79．A．switch B．maintain C．lose D．give
80．A．instructions B．problems C．explanations D．courses
81．A．quickenedB．described C．adjusted D．repeated
82．A．door B．garden C．craneD．roof
83．A．persuading B．lifting C．warning D．dragging
84．A．went through B．put on C．asked for D．broke into
85．A．displayed B．admitted C．exchangedD．required
86．A．preferenceB．response C．emotion D．determination
87．A．choosing B．encouraging C．ordering D．teaching
【答案】
73．B 74．D 75．B 76．A 77．C 78．A 79．B 80．A 81．
C 82．D 83．B 84．D 85．A 86．D 87．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名起重机操作员 Glen Edwards在一次建筑工地
火灾中英勇救援一名被困工人的事迹，描述了他的救援过程和所面临的困难，以及他成功
救出被困工人的结果。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的起重机操作员，当一场火灾发
生时，Edwards意外地发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务。A. engineer工程师；B.
operator 操作人员；C. cleaner 清洁工；D. salesman 推销员。根据后文“working on a
construction site”可知，Edwards在建筑工地工作，所以应是起重机操作员。故选B项。
74．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的起重机操作员，当一场火灾发
生时，Edwards 意外地发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务。A. regularly 经常；B.
unfortunately 不幸地；C. intentionally 故意；D. unexpectedly 意外地。根据后文“found
himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out”可知，Edwards本是一名在建筑工地工作
的起重机操作员，确发现自己正在执行一项拯救生命的任务，所以应是意外地。故选D项。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起他是如何从吊车的船舱里发现被困工人的，以及
他是如何想出救他的主意的，他把一个笼子放下来让他逃跑。A. helped帮助；B. spotted发
现；C. realized 认识到；D. guided 指导。根据后文“the trapped worker from his crane’s
cabin”可知，从吊车的船舱里应是发现被困工人。故选B项。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起他是如何从吊车的船舱里发现被困工人的，以及
他是如何想出救他的主意的，他把一个笼子放下来让他逃跑。A. escape逃跑；B. hide隐藏；
C. walk步行；D. slide滑动。根据前文“how he came up with the idea of saving the man”可知，Edwards救了被困的工人，所以应是把一个笼子放下来让他逃出火场。故选A项。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他想在那个男人面前把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝非易
事，因为每一阵风都会把他的起重机吹得失去平衡。A. clean打扫；B. cover覆盖；C.
position 安置，使处于；D. open 打开。根据后文“as each post (弹) of wind prevented to
throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty”可知，风
会让起重机失去平衡，在加上烟雾和火焰让视野不好，所以应是把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝
非易事。故选C项。
78．考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战，Edwards拒绝放弃，并为保持控制
权而斗争。A. Despite尽管；B. Without没有；C. For为了；D. From来自。根据后文“the
great challenges, Edwards refused to give up”可知，此处表达“虽然，尽管”之意，用
Despite引导让步状语。故选A项。
79．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大的挑战，Edwards拒绝放弃，并为保持控制
权而斗争。A. switch 转换；B. maintain 保持；C. lose 失去；D. give 给。根据前文
“However, his attempt to 5 the cage before the man was by no means an easy job”
以及“Edwards refused to give up”可知，他想在那个男人面前把笼子摆放到位的尝试绝非易
事，但是Edwards不想放弃，所以是为保持控制权而斗争。故选B项。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，地面上有人通过无线电指示在哪里降落笼子。
A. instructions指示；B. problems问题；C. explanations解释；D. courses课程。根据后文
“on where to land the cage through a radio”可知，通过无线电，应是指示在哪里降落笼子。
故选A项。
81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作，直到笼子悬挂在
离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方。A. quickened加快；B. described描述；C. adjusted调整；D.
repeated重复。根据后文“inch by inch, until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge
of the 10 .”可知，应是Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作。故选C项。
82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一寸一寸地调整起重机的动作，直到笼子悬挂在
离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方。A. door门；B. garden花园；C. crane起重机；D. roof屋顶。
根据前文“Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on top
of a 160-meter-high building.”可知，工人被困在楼顶，所以应是笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有
几英寸的地方。故选D项。
83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，Edwards看着笼子把这个人从下面可怕的大火中抬
了出来，把他送到了安全的地方。A. persuading说服；B. lifting吊起；C. warning警告；D.
dragging拖。根据前文“Edwards 9 the crane’s movements, inch by inch,
until the cage hanged (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the 10 .”可知，
Edwards用起重机把笼子悬挂在离屋顶边缘只有几英寸的地方，所以，应是看着笼子把这
个人从下面可怕的大火中抬了出来。故选B项。
84．考查动词短语辨析。句意：人群中爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对 Edwards表现出的
勇气和技巧的赞扬。A. went through通过；B. put on穿上；C. asked for请求；D. broke into
突然开始做（某事）。根据后文“a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill 13
by Edwards.”可知，人们对Edwards致敬，所以应是爆发热烈的掌声。故选D项。
85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人群中爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对 Edwards表现出的
勇气和技巧的赞扬。A. displayed显示；B. admitted承认；C. exchanged交换；D. required需
要。根据前文“a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill”可知，应是对Edwards表现出的勇气
和技巧的赞扬。故选A项。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道，在面对灾难时，正是他敏捷的思维和坚定的决心在生死之间起到了决定性的作用。A. preference偏爱；B. response响应；C. emotion情感；
D. determination决心。根据前文“He knew that his quick thinking and”可知，空处应和前文
的thinking对应，结合选项，应是他敏捷的思维和坚定的决心符合语境。故选D项。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：组织者鼓励人们“请Glen喝杯啤酒”，以感谢他的救命之
恩，现在已经建立了一个GoFundMe页面为他筹集资金。A. choosing选择；B. encouraging
鼓励；C. ordering命令；D. teaching教育。根据前文“A GoFundMe page has now been set up
to raise money for him”可知，组织者建立了一个GoFundMe页面为他筹集资金，所以是鼓
励人们“请Glen喝杯啤酒”。故选B项。
Passage2
(2024届湖南省（一模）英语试题)
In 2015, Misty Copeland was named a principal dancer-a ballerina of the highest rank — at
American Ballet Theatre. She is the first African American woman to 88 it.
In her childhood, Misty was shy and 89 the spotlight. But she loved music and 90
. When she was 13, Misty’s teacher suggested she 91 a ballet class. For two weeks,
Misty sat on the gym bleachers (露天看台) watching the class, 92 to join in. She felt
93 in the class. Over time, however, she began to enjoy the lessons. She discovered her
94 — especially her long legs and strong, flexible muscles — was just right for ballet.
95 , ballet meant a lot to Misty. “For the first time in my life, I felt like I belonged in ballet, she
says.
Misty suddenly gained 96 and developed curves at 19. “I was being told that my weight
and proportions just weren’t 97 anymore. ” This shook her 98 . Even though
Misty felt 99 , she didn’t quit. She learned to eat healthier foods. She learned training
techniques 100 to her body type. When she wasn’t performing, she was practicing.
When she wasn’t practicing, she was stretching. As she did, she began to believe again that she
101 in.
“No matter what that dream is, ”she says, “you have the power to make it come true with hard
work and 102 . ”
88．A．finishB．create C．makeD．perform
89．A．prohibitedB．avoided C．abandonedD．ignored
90．A．movementB．practice C．gesture D．cycle
91．A．confirm B．attend C．sign D．tend
92．A．anxious B．curious C．eagerD．afraid
93．A．out of dateB．out of place C．out of order D．out of breath
94．A．appearance B．limbsC．body D．organs
95．A．ApproximatelyB．ObviouslyC．Partially D．Gradually
96．A．weight B．muscle C．strength D．independence
97．A．true B．fair C．right D．real
98．A．self-esteem B．self-confidenceC．self-consciousness D．self-discipline
99．A．disturbed B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged
100．A．specifiedB．tailored C．expected D．positive
101．A．broke B．fittedC．took D．gave
102．A．engagement B．contribution C．subscription D．commitment
【答案】88．C 89．B 90．A 91．B 92．D 93．B 94．C 95．D 96．
A 97．C 98．B 99．D 100．B 101．B 102．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述芭蕾舞者 Misty Copeland通过自己的努力获得了
成功的事情，告诉我们可以通过努力和奉献实现梦想。
88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是获此殊荣的第一位非洲裔美国女性。A. finish完成；
B. create创造；C. make制造；D. perform表演。make it“成功”，固定短语，故选C。
89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的童年，Misty很害羞，避开聚光灯。A. prohibited禁
止；B. avoided避免，避开；C. abandoned遗弃；D. ignored忽视。根据“Misty was shy”可
知，Misty很害羞，故应是避免站在聚光灯下，故选B。
90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她热爱音乐和运动。A. movement运动；B. practice实践；
C. gesture手势；D. cycle循环，自行车。结合下文“a ballet class”可知，Misty热爱运动，
故选A。
91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：13岁时，Misty的老师建议她去上芭蕾舞课。A. confirm证
实；B. attend参加，出席；C. sign签名；D. tend倾向，趋于。结合下文“Misty sat on the
gym bleachers (露天看台) watching the class”可知，Misty的老师建议她去上芭蕾舞课，
attend a ballet class“上芭蕾舞课”，故选B。
92．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两个星期以来，Misty一直坐在体育馆的露天看台上看着
学生上课，不敢和他们一起上课。A. anxious焦虑的；B. curious好奇的；C. eager急切的；
D. afraid 害怕的。结合上文“watching the class”以及下文的转折“however, she began to
enjoy the lessons(然而，她开始喜欢这个课)”可知，一开始上课时她不敢加入，故选D。
93．考查固定短语辨析。句意：她在班上感到格格不入。A. out of date过期；B. out of
place格格不入，不适当；C. out of order发生故障，不整洁；D. out of breath上气不接下气。
结合上文“Misty sat on the gym bleachers (露天看台) watching the class”可知，她一直坐在体
育馆的露天看台上看着学生上课，感觉自己格格不入，故选B。
94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她发现她的身体——尤其是她的长腿和强壮、灵活的肌肉
——正适合跳芭蕾。A. appearance外表；B. limbs肢；C. body身体；D. organs器官。根据
“especially her long legs and strong, flexible muscles”可知，此处指她的身体适合跳芭蕾舞，
故选C。
95．考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，芭蕾对Misty来说意义重大。A. Approximately大
约；B. Obviously 显然；C. Partially 部分地；D. Gradually 逐渐地。结合上文“For two
weeks, Misty sat on the gym bleachers (露天看台) watching the class”以及“Over time,
however, she began to enjoy the lessons.”可知，随着时间的推移，Misty改变了对芭蕾舞的态
度，渐渐地，芭蕾对Misty来说意义重大，故选D。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：19岁时，Misty突然体重增加，展开了曲线。A. weight体
重；B. muscle肌肉；C. strength力气；D. independence 独立。根据下文“my weight and
proportions just weren’t ____10____ anymore”可知，此处是说体重增加，故选A。
97．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被告知我的体重和比例已经不对了。A. true真正的；
B. fair公平的；C. right正确的，恰当的；D. real真实的。结合上文“Misty suddenly gained
____9____ and developed curves at 19.”可知，Misty的身体发生了变化，不适合跳芭蕾舞，
呼应上文“was just right for ballet”，故选C。
98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这动摇了她的自信心。A. self-esteem 自尊；B. self-
confidence自信；C. self-consciousness自我意识；D. self-discipline自律。根据上文“was
just right for ballet”以及“For the first time in my life, I felt like I belonged in ballet”可知，她的身体条件适合跳芭蕾，她感觉自己属于芭蕾，故她对于跳芭蕾应是很自信，故当她被告知
身体不再适合跳芭蕾时，这动摇了她的自信，下文“she began to believe again that she
____14____ in”也提到她再次相信自己，故选B。
99．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Misty感到气馁，但她没有放弃。A. disturbed不安
的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged灰心的。结合Even though表
达的让步语气以及“she didn’t quit”可知，虽然感到灰心，但是她没有放弃，故选D。
100．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她学习了适合自己体型的训练技巧。A. specified详细说
明的；B. tailored专门的，特制的；C. expected期望的；D. positive积极的。结合“her body
type”可知，此处指适合自己体型的训练技巧，故选B。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她这么做的时候，她又开始相信自己适应了这里。A.
broke打破；B. fitted使适合，合身；C. took取，拿；D. gave给。根据上文“When she
wasn’t performing, she was practicing. When she wasn’t practicing, she was stretching.(当她不表
演的时候，她就在练习。当她不练习的时候，她在做伸展运动)”可知，她刻苦训练，再次
相信自己适合跳芭蕾，fit in“适合”，故选B。
102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“无论梦想是什么，”她说，“你都有能力通过努力工作
和投入来实现它。”A. engagement订婚，雇用；B. contribution贡献；C. subscription订阅；
D. commitment 奉献，投入。空处和“hard work”并列，结合上文“When she wasn’t
performing, she was practicing. When she wasn’t practicing, she was stretching.(当她不表演的时
候，她就在练习。当她不练习的时候，她在做伸展运动)”可知，此处指通过努力和投入来
实现梦想，故选D。
Passage3
（2024陕西省西安市二模）We may have heard that it’s never too late to pursue your dreams.
Now, a man 103 that to be true by achieving his lifelong 104 after 84 years.
Earlier this year, 101-year-old Merrill Pittman Cooper 105 his high school diploma
during a surprise graduation 106 . His family worked with local school officials to
107 the celebration.
Cooper attended Storer College from 1934 to 1938, but life condition 108 him from
finishing school and earning his 109 . Without his father around, his mother worked as a
live-in housekeeper in order to 110 his school tuition and board, but that wasn’t 111
. After realizing his mother couldn’t 112 to make the final tuition payment for his
senior year, the teen 113 her to move them to Philadelphia to be closer to her family.
In Philadelphia, Cooper worked to help his mother pay the bills and he was 114 as a
city trolley (有轨电车) car operator in 1945. That job led him to a long and 115 career
in transportation where he 116 became president of the local union in Pennsylvania
and later vice president of the International Transport Workers Union in New York City. But
despite such a successful 117 , he always regretted not graduating and getting his high
school diploma.
But now, after 84 years, Cooper was 118 able to see his lifelong dream come true.
His family got the idea to 119 him with the honorary high school diploma. Cooper
could hardly 120 his tears when he discovered their plan.
The whole thing was a dream come true for Cooper, who now 121 his diploma
proudly from its perch (栖息处) on his bedroom dresser. “I can’t think of a 122 day,”
says the inspiring 101-year-old man. “I’m really happy to have it.”103．A．proved B．foundC．provided D．counted
104．A．habit B．beliefC．goal D．challenge
105．A．caught B．received C．left D．opened
106．A．donation B．sport C．meeting D．ceremony
107．A．arrange B．cancel C．expect D．change
108．A．saved B．prevented C．rescued D．protected
109．A．degree B．fame C．diploma D．living
110．A．show B．offer C．buy D．pay
111．A．enough B．meaningful C．inspiring D．reasonable
112．A．refuse B．afford C．choose D．hope
113．A．ordered B．forced C．encouraged D．promised
114．A．appointed B．treated C．votedD．hired
115．A．boring B．fruitful C．sincere D．annoying
116．A．eventually B．eagerly C．thoroughly D．frequently
117．A．experience B．adventure C．career D．hobby
118．A．immediately B．finally C．actually D．absolutely
119．A．shock B．disappointC．interest D．surprise
120．A．come across B．wipe out C．hold back D．cheer up
121．A．displays B．reaches C．demonstrates D．cares
122．A．calmer B．warmer C．richerD．happier
【答案】
103．A 104．C 105．B 106．D 107．A 108．B 109．C 110．D
111．A 112．B 113．C 114．D 115．B 116．A 117．C 118．B
119．D 120．C 121．A 122．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了新泽西州101岁的Merrill Pittman Cooper实现了80
多年前的梦想——获得了高中毕业证书，告诉我们追求梦想永远都不晚。
103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，一名男子在 84岁后实现了他的终身目标，证明了
这一点。A. proved证明；B. found发现；C. provided提供；D. counted数数，重要。根据上
文“We may have heard that it’s never too late to pursue your dreams.”和下文“But now, after
84 years, Cooper was ____16____able to see his lifelong dream come true.”可知，Merrill
Pittman Cooper实现了80多年前的梦想这件事证明了追求梦想永远都不晚这个观点。故选
A。
104．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. habit 习惯；B. belief 信念；C. goal 目标；D.
challenge挑战。根据上文“We may have heard that it’s never too late to pursue your dreams.”
可知，此处指这名84岁的男子实现了梦想，即，目标。故选C。
105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年早些时候，101岁的梅里尔·皮特曼·库珀在一个令人
惊喜的毕业典礼上获得了高中毕业证书。A. caught抓住；B. received接收；C. left离开；D.
opened打开。根据“his high school diploma”可知，库珀获得了毕业证书。故选B。
106．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. donation捐赠；B. sport运动；C. meeting会议；D.
ceremony 典礼。根据“His family worked with local school officials to ____5____ the
celebration.”可知，这里的庆祝活动指毕业典礼。故选D。
107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的家人与当地学校官员一起安排了庆祝活动。A.arrange安排；B. cancel取消；C. expect期待；D. change改变。根据下文“His family got
the idea to ____17____ him with the honorary high school diploma.”可知，他的家人与当地学
校官员安排了这次庆祝活动。故选A。
108．考查动词词义辨析。句意：库珀从1934年到1938年就读于斯托弗学院，但生活状况
使他无法完成学业并获得毕业证书。A. saved拯救，节省；B. prevented阻止；C. rescued营
救；D. protected保护。根据下文“Without his father around, his mother worked as a live-in
housekeeper in order to ____8____ his school tuition and board, but that wasn’t ____9____.”可知，
生活的困难阻止他完成学业。故选B。
109．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. degree 学位，程度；B. fame 名声，名誉；C.
diploma毕业文凭；D. living生计，生活方式。根据下文“he always regretted not graduating
and getting his high school diploma.”可知，此处是信息词diploma的词汇复现。故选C。
110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲不在身边的时候，他的母亲为了支付他的学费和伙食
费，做了一名住家管家，但这还不够。A. show展示；B. offer提供；C. buy买；D. pay支付。
根据“his mother worked as a live-in housekeeper”可知，母亲为了支付他的学费和伙食费，
做了一名住家管家。故选D。
111．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. enough足够的；B. meaningful有意义的；C.
inspiring 鼓舞人心的；D. reasonable 合理的。根据“After realizing his mother couldn’t
____10____ to make the final tuition payment for his senior year”可知，母亲挣的钱不足以支付
库珀的费用。故选A。
112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在意识到他的母亲无力支付他最后一年的学费后，他鼓励
母亲搬到费城，离她的家人更近一些。A. refuse拒绝；B. afford付得起；C. choose选择；
D. hope 希望。根据下文“he always regretted not graduating and getting his high school
diploma.”可知，母亲挣的钱不足以支付库珀的学费。故选B。
113．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ordered命令；B. forced强迫；C. encouraged鼓励；
D. promised承诺。根据上文“his mother worked as a live-in housekeeper”可知，此处表示鼓
励母亲搬到费城。故选C。
114．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在费城，库珀工作帮助母亲支付账单，并于1945年被聘
为城市电车操作员。A. appointed任命；B. treated对待；C. voted选举；D. hired雇佣。根据
“as a city trolley (有轨电车) car operator”可知，库珀被雇佣为有轨电车操作员。故选D。
115．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这份工作使他在交通运输业度过了漫长而富有成效的职
业生涯，他最终成为宾夕法尼亚州当地工会的主席，后来又成为纽约市国际运输工人工会
的副主席。A. boring无聊的；B. fruitful富有成效的；C. sincere真诚的；D. annoying使恼
怒的。根据“became president of the local union in Pennsylvania and later vice president of the
International Transport Workers Union in New York City.”可知，库珀的职业生涯是富有成效的
故选B。
116．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. eventually最终；B. eagerly渴望地；C. thoroughly
彻底地；D. frequently 频繁地。根据“That job led him to a long and ____13____ career in
transportation”可知，库珀最终在交通运输行业取得了巨大成就。故选A。
117．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管事业如此成功，他总是后悔没有毕业，没有拿
到高中文凭。A. experience经历，经验；B. adventure冒险；C. career职业生涯；D. hobby
爱好。根据“That job led him to a long and ____13____ career in transportation where he
____14____ became president of the local union in Pennsylvania and later vice president of the
International Transport Workers Union in New York City.”可知，本段在谈论库珀的职业生涯。
故选C。118．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但现在，84年后，库珀终于能够看到他一生的梦想成真。
A. immediately立刻；B. finally最终；C. actually事实上；D. absolutely绝对地。根据“able
to see his lifelong dream come true.”可知，库珀终于能够看到他一生的梦想成真。故选B。
119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的家人想给他一个惊喜，给他颁发荣誉高中文凭。A.
shock使震惊；B. disappoint使失望；C. interest使感兴趣；D. surprise使惊讶。根据上文
“Earlier this year, 101-year-old Merrill Pittman Cooper ____3____ his high school diploma
during a surprise graduation ____4____.”可知，家人们是要给库珀惊喜。故选D。
120．考查动词短语辨析。句意：库珀发现他们的计划时，他几乎忍不住流下了眼泪。A.
come across偶然遇见；B. wipe out擦去；C. hold back抑制，控制；D. cheer up振作起来。
根据“His family got the idea to ____17____ him with the honorary high school diploma.”可知，
多年的梦想一朝实现，库珀抑制不住激动的泪水。故选C。
121．考查动词词义辨析。句意：整件事对库珀来说是梦想成真，他现在自豪地在卧室梳妆
台上展示他的文凭。A. displays展示；B. reaches到达；C. demonstrates证明，演示；D.
cares关心，在意。根据“his diploma proudly from its perch (栖息处) on his bedroom dresser.”
可知，库珀自豪地展示着毕业证书。故选A。
122．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我想不出比这更快乐的日子了，”这位鼓舞人心的
101岁老人说。A. calmer更冷静的；B. warmer更温暖的；C. richer更富有的；D. happier更
高兴的。根据“His family got the idea to ____17____ him with the honorary high school
diploma.”可知，家人们给自己带来的惊喜让库珀感到前所未有的快乐。故选D。
Passage4
（2024河北二模英语试题）Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife. Several
years ago, I decided to go there for a visit. A local person offered to be my guide, which was a
great bonus for me. One day, my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a 123
hillside instead. We picked our way carefully when 124 a charming flower popped into
my view among those stones. Oh, dear! More than 125 , I bent down and put my nose
practically inside the flower’s core.
126 , to my surprise, it was only one of the 127 during the trip. As I 128
the end of my trip, there was still something I had yet to see. We planned to 129 most
feared creature there, the saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a 130 of 6 meters or
more. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds 131 in the
darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the 132 . Taking a second
look, we spotted two greedy 133 just above the water line. As we drew near, it
134 and we saw clearly it was a crocodile. With great caution, we neared it and finally could
135 its true dimensions. It was a baby — no more than 0.6 meter long. Aha, whatever, I
could now report to the 136 back home, who had never been to Borneo, that I had
137 a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale.
123．A．rolling B．spectacular C．roughD．breathtaking
124．A．suddenlyB．literally C．definitely D．ultimately
125．A．alarmed B．pleased C．concernedD．upset
126．A．Nevertheless B．Besides C．Instead D．Therefore
127．A．desires B．motivations C．destinations D．highlights128．A．summarized B．suspected C．approached D．valued
129．A．hold onto B．pick up C．reflect on D．hunt for
130．A．width B．length C．height D．size
131．A．emerged B．paused C．continued D．declined
132．A．mudB．surface C．ground D．shore
133．A．legsB．mouths C．eyes D．teeth
134．A．moved B．sank C．hid D．escaped
135．A．give out B．let out C．turn out D．make out
136．A．victims B．opponentsC．folks D．guides
137．A．challenged B．encountered C．terrified D．chased
【答案】
123．C 124．A 125．B 126．A 127．D 128．C 129．D 130．B
131．A 132．B 133．C 134．A 135．D 136．C 137．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在一名当地导游的陪同下去探索婆罗洲的野
生动植物的经历。
123．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的导游离开了平坦的道路，带我穿过了一个崎
岖的山坡。A. rolling起伏的；B. spectacular壮丽的；C. rough粗糙的，不平的，条件艰苦
的；D. breathtaking令人惊叹的。根据空前的“turned off the smooth road”和空后的“hillside
instead”可知，他们走的是一个崎岖的山坡。故选C。
124．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们小心地看着路行走，突然那些石头中有一朵迷人的花
出现在我的视野中。A. suddenly突然；B. literally字面上；C. definitely肯定，确实；D.
ultimately最后，终归。根据句中的“popped into my view”可知，这里表示他们在行路的过
程中突然看到了一朵迷人的花。故选A。
125．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常高兴，弯下腰，把鼻子几乎伸进了花心。A.
alarmed害怕的；B. pleased高兴的，满意的；C. concerned担心的；D. upset失望的，沮丧
的。根据上文中的“a charming flower”和句中的“I bent down and put my nose practically
inside the flower’s core”可知，作者看到这朵花时非常高兴，忍不住把鼻子凑到花心去闻。
故选B。
126．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，令我惊讶的是，这只是此行的亮点之一。A.
Nevertheless尽管如此，然而；B. Besides此外；C. Instead反而；D. Therefore因此。根据句
中的“to my surprise”和上下文语境可知，这里表示转折，虽然这朵花很迷人，但这只是旅
途路上的亮点之一。故选A。
127．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. desires愿望，欲望；B. motivations动机；C.
destinations目的地；D. highlights最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分。根据空前的
“one of”和下文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，路上有许多精彩的事
物，这朵花只是其中一个亮点。故选D。
128．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的旅程接近尾声时，还有一些东西我还没有看到。A.
summarized总结，概括；B. suspected怀疑；C. approached靠近，接近；D. valued重视。根
据空后的“the end of my trip”可知，这里表示旅行接近尾声。故选C。
129．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们计划在那里寻找最可怕的生物——咸水鳄，它可以长
到6米或更长的长度。A. hold onto抓紧；B. pick up拿起；C. reflect on沉思；D. hunt for搜
索，寻找。根据上文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，作者还有许多东
西没看到，所以他们计划去寻找咸水鳄。故选D。130．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. width宽度；B. length长度；C. height高度；
D. size尺寸，大小。根据空后的“of 6 meters or more”并结合常识可知，这里指咸水鳄的长
度。故选B。
131．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们用手电筒照向泥泞的水岸时，黑暗中出现了一些微
弱的声音，好像水下看不见的东西打破了水面。A. emerged（从隐蔽处或暗处）出现，浮
现；B. paused暂停；C. continued持续；D. declined下降，衰落。根据下文中的“we saw
clearly it was a crocodile”可知，水里有咸水鳄，所以他们用手电筒照的时候听到了黑暗中发
出的一些微弱声音。故选A。
132．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. mud泥；B. surface表面；C. ground地面；D.
shore岸，滨。根据句中的“something unseen underwater”和下文中的“above the water line”
可知，他们听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱声音，好像是水下看不见的东西打破水面的声音
故选B。
133．考查名词词义辨析。句意：再看一眼，我们就在水线上方发现了两只贪婪的眼睛。A.
legs腿；B. mouths嘴；C. eyes眼睛；D. teeth牙齿。根据空前的“two greedy”并结合常识可
知，鳄鱼在水中时常常将头露出水面观察，这里指他们看到了鳄鱼的两只贪婪的眼睛。故
选C。
134．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近时，它移动了，我们清楚地看到它是一条鳄鱼。
A. moved移动；B. sank下沉；C. hid隐藏；D. escaped逃跑。根据句中的“As we drew
near”可知，当作者他们走近鳄鱼时，鳄鱼动了一下。故选A。
135．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们非常小心地走近它，终于可以辨认出它的真实大小。
A. give out用完，分发；B. let out发出，放出；C. turn out结果是，证明是；D. make out辨
认出，听出，看出。根据句中的“we neared it”和空后的“its true dimensions”可知，作者他
们走近看时才辨认出鳄鱼的真实大小。故选D。
136．考查名词词义辨析。句意：啊哈，不管怎样，我现在可以向家里从未去过婆罗洲的人
报告说，我在野外遇到了一条饥饿的鳄鱼，并活下来去讲述这个故事。A. victims受害者；
B. opponents对手，竞争者；C. folks人们；D. guides导游。根据空后的“back home, who
had never been to Borneo”可知，这里指的是家里从未去过婆罗洲的人。故选C。
137．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. challenged挑战；B. encountered遭遇，遇到；
C. terrified使恐惧；D. chased追逐。根据空后的“a hungry crocodile in the wild”可知，这里
指在野外遇到一条饥饿的鳄鱼。故选B。
Passage5
(2024安徽省三模考试)A winter storm dropped huge amounts of snow overnight on January 16
in western Pennsylvania. 138 Brian Delallo, who worked on a local high school football
team, decided to call off his players’ weightlifting 139 . He texted his 140
saying: “Due to the expected severe weather, Monday’s weightlifting workout has been 141
. Find an elderly or disabled neighbor and shovel (为……除雪) their driveway. Don’t 142
any money — that’s our Monday’s workout.”
The players received the 143 and went out to work on the more than six inches of snow
that fell overnight. They said that they removed snow from dozens of 144 . Some
players texted their coach afterwards to tell him how 145 it was. “We all feel great about
it,” said team captain Gavin Moul. “It’s not only helping them, but it’s helping us to become a
better team.”Many of the people whom the team members approached couldn’t believe that the players refused
any payment. Sometimes people even 146 their help because they wouldn’t take
money for it.
147 , it was not the first time for the team to have shoveling workout. It was started by a
coach more than two decades ago. It was one of the many 148 the team kept.
“It’s about community.” the coach said. “It is an inspiring way for us to interact with our
community and show that it 149 . Shoveling snow is just one of those opportunities to
show 150 to the community that supports us.” The team got a workout and gave back to
the community by doing these acts of 151 at the same time. It was a 152 for
all.
138．A．PrincipalB．Coach C．Physician D．Goalkeeper
139．A．tournament B．journey C．vacation D．practice
140．A．superiorsB．players C．opponentsD．neighbours
141．A．postponed B．advanced C．cancelled D．approved
142．A．accept B．donate C．lose D．carry
143．A．parcel B．criticism C．invitation D．message
144．A．schools B．hospitals C．homes D．shelters
145．A．demanding B．rewardingC．promisingD．amusing
146．A．held out B．fixed up C．called on D．turned down
147．A．Actually B．Recently C．Normally D．Totally
148．A．goals B．secrets C．traditions D．jobs
149．A．matters B．caresC．works D．stays
150．A．strength B．patience C．dependence D．appreciation
151．A．trustB．confidence C．kindness D．refusal
152．A．wayB．win C．must D．lesson
【答案】
138．B 139．D 140．B 141．C 142．A 143．D 144．C 145．B
146．D 147．A 148．C 149．A 150．D 151．C 152．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。1月16日，一场冬季风暴一夜之间在宾夕法尼亚州西部降下了
大量的雪，当地一所高中的校橄榄球队教练布莱恩·德拉洛通知球员们举重训练取消，要求
他们找一个年老或残疾的邻居，为他们的车道免费铲雪。这是这支球队的传统，团队在锻
炼身体的同时，也通过做这些善举来回馈社区。
138．考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练布莱恩·德拉洛在当地一所高中橄榄球队工作，他决
定取消球员的举重训练。A. Principal 校长；B. Coach 教练；C. Physician 医生；D.
Goalkeeper守门员。根据“decided to call off his players’ weightlifting”可知，布莱恩·德拉洛
是教练。故选B。
139．考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练布莱恩·德拉洛在当地一所高中橄榄球队工作，他决
定取消球员的举重训练。A. tournament锦标赛，联赛；B. journey旅行；C. vacation假期；
D. practice练习。根据“call off his players’ weightlifting”可知，此处是指取消球员的举重练
习。故选D。
140．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给队员们发短信说：“由于预期的恶劣天气，周一的举
重训练取消了。找一个年老或残疾的邻居，为他们的车道铲雪。不要收任何钱——这是我们周一的锻炼。”A. superiors上级；B. players运动员；C. opponents对手；D. neighbours
邻居。根据前文“decided to call off his players’ weightlifting”可知，此处是指给队员们发短
信。故选B。
141．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给队员们发短信说：“由于预期的恶劣天气，周一的举
重训练取消了。找一个年老或残疾的邻居，为他们的车道铲雪。不要收任何钱——这是我
们周一的锻炼。”A. postponed推迟；B. advanced提前；C. cancelled取消；D. approved同
意。根据“decided to call off his players’ weightlifting”可知，此处是指周一的举重训练取消。
故选C。
142．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给队员们发短信说：“由于预期的恶劣天气，周一的举
重训练取消了。找一个年老或残疾的邻居，为他们的车道铲雪。不要收任何钱——这是我
们周一的锻炼。”A. accept 接受；B. donate 捐赠；C. lose 失去；D. carry 携带。根据
“that’s our Monday’s workout”可知，此处是指为邻居铲雪不要收钱。故选A。
143．考查名词词义辨析。句意：球员们收到消息后，就在夜间降下的 6英寸多厚的雪上工
作。A. parcel包裹；B. criticism批评；C. invitation邀请；D. message信息。根据前文“He
texted”可知，此处是指球员们收到消息后。故选D。
144．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说他们清除了数十户人家的积雪。A. schools学校；
B. hospitals医院；C. homes家；D. shelters庇护所。根据前文“Find an elderly or disabled
neighbor and shovel (为……除雪) their driveway.”可知，此处是指清除了数十户人家的积雪。
故选C。
145．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些球员后来给教练发短信，告诉他这是多么值得。A.
demanding苛刻的；B. rewarding值得的；C. promising有前景的；D. amusing令人愉快的。
根据后文“It’s not only helping them, but it’s helping us to become a better team.(这不仅是在帮
助他们，也是在帮助我们成为一支更好的球队。)”可知，此处是指队员们觉得这次活动很
值得。故选B。
146．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时人们甚至因为他们不愿意为此收钱而拒绝他们的帮助。
A. held out 提供；B. fixed up 整修；C. called on 拜访；D. turned down 拒绝。根据前文
“Many of the people whom the team members approached couldn’t believe that the players
refused any payment.(团队成员接触的许多人都不相信球员拒绝任何报酬。)”可知，此处是
指人们甚至因为他们不愿意为此收钱而拒绝他们的帮助。故选D。
147．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这已经不是球队第一次进行铲雪训练了。A.
Actually事实上；B. Recently最近；C. Normally正常地；D. Totally总共。根据“it was not
the first time for the team to have shoveling workout”可知，此处是指事实上。故选A。
148．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是球队保留的众多传统之一。A. goals目标；B. secrets
秘密；C. traditions传统；D. jobs工作。根据前文“It was started by a coach more than two
decades ago.(它是二十多年前由一位教练创立的。)”可知，此处是指这是球队的传统。故选
C。
149．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种鼓舞人心的方式，让我们与我们的社区互动，并
表明它很重要。A. matters重要；B. cares关心；C. works工作；D. stays保持。根据后文
“Shoveling snow is just one of those opportunities(铲雪正是其中一个机会)”可知，此处是指
这个活动很重要。故选A。
150．考查名词词义辨析。句意：铲雪只是向支持我们的社区表示感谢的机会之一。A.
strength优点；B. patience耐心；C. dependence依赖；D. appreciation感谢。根据“to the
community that supports us”可知，此处是指向社区表达感谢。故选D。
151．考查名词词义辨析。句意：团队在锻炼身体的同时，也通过做这些善举来回馈社区。A. trust信任；B. confidence信心；C. kindness善意；D. refusal拒绝。根据“by doing these
acts of”可知，此处是指通过这些善举。故选C。
152．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是大家的胜利。A. way道路；B. win胜利；C. must必
需品；D. lesson课。根据前文“The team got a workout and gave back to the community by
doing these acts of kindness at the same time.”可知，此处是指这是大家的胜利。故选B。
Passage6
（2024届吉林省二模）Back in the day when I wasn’t sure what I wanted to do with my life, I
was studying to become a firefighter. As a firefighter, you’re 153 thinking of other
people and trying to help children. That’s the mindset.
One dark night I 154 at a burger place. I got my burger and started to head for my car
when I was 155 by a homeless man. He was very dirty and obviously very hungry. He
asked me for some 156 to buy a little food. As I was pulling out some, I had an idea.
I 157 to see if he wanted to eat a real dinner, so I asked him to follow me back into the
burger joint to order. He was 158 of the way he looked and said he did not want to. But
I 159 . When he eventually followed me in, the people behind the 160 refused
to let him in, but I told them that I was buying him dinner and he had a 161 to be there.
After some negotiating, they finally 162 . It seemed like he was 163 a bit
to be finally sitting at a table. Well, I asked him to order whatever he wanted. He only ordered a
burger, so I had to 164 him to order whatever and however much he wanted. He
165 ordering enough to fill his stomach at least 3 times over!
Now I often think about this story, because to me it’s not just about helping someone out by
166 them, but giving him the respect and 167 of being a human being and
allowing him to feel good about himself that was truly rewarding.
153．A．secretly B．constantlyC．occasionally D．unwillingly
154．A．sped up B．gave out C．broke down D．stopped off
155．A．approached B．recognized C．directed D．invited
156．A．budget B．change C．charge D．payment
157．A．promisedB．expected C．decided D．preferred
158．A．ashamed B．scared C．sick D．certain
159．A．protestedB．begged C．ordered D．insisted
160．A．table B．window C．counter D．house
161．A．chance B．priority C．will D．right
162．A．admitted B．respondedC．agreed D．understood
163．A．frightened B．relieved C．curious D．grateful
164．A．assist B．forceC．teachD．encourage
165．A．hesitated overB．concentrated on C．ended up D．thought of
166．A．feeding B．pitying C．moving D．accompanying
167．A．status B．dignity C．happiness D．pride
【答案】
153．B 154．D 155．A 156．B 157．C 158．A 159．D 160．C
161．D 162．C 163．B 164．D 165．C 166．A 167．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者带一个无家可归的人去餐厅吃饭的故事。
153．考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一名消防员，你不断地为他人着想，努力帮助孩子们。
A. secretly秘密地；B. constantly不断地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根
据上文“As a firefighter”提到消防员，以及下文“thinking of other people and trying to help
children.”结合常识可知，此处应表示作为消防员，你不断地为他人着想，努力帮助孩子们。
故选B项。
154．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个漆黑的夜晚，我在一家汉堡店停了下来。A. sped up
加速；B. gave out分发；C. broke down坏掉，抛锚；D. stopped off停下。根据下文“I got
my burger and started to head for my car”提到我拿了汉堡，正要去取车，由此可知，此处应
表示我在一家汉堡店停了下来。故选D项。
155．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿了汉堡，正要向我的车走去，这时一个流浪汉向我走
来。A. approached接近；B. recognized识别；C. directed指导；D. invited邀请。根据下文
“He asked me for some ____4____ to buy a little food.”可知，此处应表示这时一个流浪汉向
我走来。故选A项。
156．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他向我要了些零钱去买一些食物。A. budget预算；B.
change零钱；C. charge要价；D. payment付款。根据下文“to buy a little food”以及“As I
was pulling out some, I had an idea.”由此可知，此处应表示他向我要了些零钱去买一些食物。
故选B项。
157．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定看看他是否想吃一顿真正的晚餐，所以我让他跟着
我回到汉堡店点餐。A. promised承诺；B. expected期望；C. decided决定；D. preferred更
喜欢。根据下文“so I asked him to follow me back into the burger joint to order.”提到我让他跟
着我回到汉堡店点餐。由此可知，此处应表示我决定看看他是否想吃一顿真正的晚餐。故
选C项。
158．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他为自己的样子感到羞愧，说他不想这样。A. ashamed
羞耻的；B. scared害怕的；C. sick虚弱的；D. certain明确的。根据下文“and said he did
not want to.”提到他不想这样，由此可推知，此处应表示他为自己的样子感到羞愧。故选 A
项。
159．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我坚持这样。A. protested抗议；B. begged乞求；C.
ordered命令，点餐；D. insisted坚持。根据下文“When he eventually followed me in”提到他
最终跟着我进去，由此可知，此处应表示我坚持这样做。故选D项。
160．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他最终跟着我进去时，柜台后面的人拒绝让他进去，但
我告诉他们我是在请他吃饭，他有权进去。A. table桌子；B. window窗户；C. counter柜台；
D. house房子。根据语境以及下文“…refused to let him in, but I told them that I was buying
him dinner”由此可知，此处应表示柜台后面的人拒绝让他进去，但我告诉他们我是在请他
吃饭。故选C项。
161．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他最终跟着我进去时，柜台后面的人拒绝让他进去，但
我告诉他们我是在请他吃饭，他有权进去。A. chance机会；B. priority优先权；C. will意愿；
D. right权利。根据上文“but I told them that I was buying him dinner”提到我告诉他们我是在
请他吃饭，由此可知，此处应表示他有权进去吃饭。故选D项。
162．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过一番协商，他们终于同意了。A. admitted 承认；B.
responded回应；C. agreed同意；D. understood理解。根据下文“Well, I asked him to order
whatever he wanted.”提到我让他想点什么就点什么。由此可知，此处应表示店员终于同意
我的要求，我们一起进去吃饭。故选C项。163．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：终于坐在桌子旁，他似乎松了一口气。A. frightened害
怕的；B. relieved放心的，宽慰的；C. curious好奇的；D. grateful感激的。根据上下文语境
以及下文“…to be finally sitting at a table.”由此可知，此处应表示终于坐在桌子旁，他似乎
松了一口气。故选B项。
164．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只点了一个汉堡，所以我不得不鼓励他想吃什么就点什
么，想吃多少就点多少。A. assist帮助； B. force迫使；C. teach教；D. encourage
鼓励。根据上文“He only ordered a burger”提到他只点了一个汉堡，以及下文“order
whatever and however much he wanted”由此可知，此处应表示我不得不鼓励他想吃什么就点
什么，想吃多少就点多少。故选D项。
165．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后他点了至少三次足够填饱肚子的食物！A. hesitated
over 犹豫不决；B. concentrated on专注于；C. ended up最终；D. thought of认为。根据句意
以及下文“…ordering enough to fill his stomach at least 3 times over!”由此可知，此处应表示
最后他点了至少三次足够填饱肚子的食物！故选C项。
166．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我经常想起这个故事，因为对我来说，这不仅仅是通
过提供食物来帮助他们，而是给予他作为一个人的尊重和尊严，让他对自己感觉良好，这
才是真正值得的。A. feeding提供食物；B. pitying同情；C. moving移动；D. accompanying
陪伴。根据上文提到的我不得不鼓励他想吃什么就点什么，想吃多少就点多少。以及该句
中的“it’s not just about helping someone out…”由此可知，此处应表示这不仅仅是通过提供
食物来帮助他们。故选A项。
167．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我经常想起这个故事，因为对我来说，这不仅仅是通
过提供食物来帮助他们，而是给予他作为一个人的尊重和尊严，让他对自己感觉良好，这
才是真正值得的。A. status 身份；B. dignity尊严；C. happiness快乐；D. pride骄傲。根据
句意以及上文“the respect”和下文“…of being a human being and allowing him to feel good
about himself that was truly rewarding.”由此可知，此处应表示而是给予他作为一个人的尊重
和尊严，让他对自己感觉良好，这才是真正值得的。故选B项。
Passage7
(2024陕西三模)British Marathon runner Luke Grenfell-Shaw realized his dream of cycling from
Bristol to Beijing. When he was 24, he felt a 168 ache in his left shoulder and was
169 with cancer, a very rare and 170 sarcoma (肿瘤). Born in a loving and
supportive family, the young athlete 171 picked himself up and found the strength to
continue his adventures. Luke accepted the painful 172 and was determined to live to
the fullest while 173 chemotherapy (化疗). Halfway through the chemotherapy, he
174 the Bristol Half-Marathon in one hour 20 minutes and 8 seconds, and he 175
his eyes farther away.
He 176 a cycling campaign from Bristol England and all the way to Beijing China to
raise the 177 about cancer. The 178 was round 30,000 kilometers and across
approximately 30 countries and regions through all kinds of landscape and weather, from
snowfield to grassland, attracting over 800 179 . During this journey, cancer patients
from other countries 180 him, telling the world that they can live with the 181
. It was a school of hard knocks, but Luke has learned to live for today and let the 182
take care of itself. At that time, the dream remained 183 due to COVID-19. But this year
with no 184 on travelling, Luke could finally continue his schedule. Before, China wasthe endpoint and the destination. Now, China has become his real focus of the trip.
Landing in China, Luke found it was not the destination but a(n) 185 through life. What
Luke was really hoping to do was something a bit different, and 186 as many people as
he can to 187 life.
168．A．continualB．casual C．bearable D．slight
169．A．infected B．confirmedC．suspected D．concerned
170．A．frequent B．basicC．mild D．aggressive
171．A．practically B．flexibly C．slowly D．cautiously
172．A．impact B．faith C．treatment D．memory
173．A．waiting B．refusing C．researching D．undergoing
174．A．finished B．scheduled C．registered D．abandoned
175．A．raised B．opened C．cast D．widened
176．A．watched B．covered C．funded D．launched
177．A．doubt B．awarenessC．standard D．reputation
178．A．journey B．passage C．distance D．range
179．A．defenders B．followers C．reporters D．doctors
180．A．criticizedB．ignored C．joined D．missed
181．A．conditionB．conflict C．dilemma D．tendency
182．A．disease B．fortune C．future D．dream
183．A．uncompleted B．disconnected C．disorganized D．untested
184．A．charge B．tax. C．expense D．barrier
185．A．exploration B．expressionC．foundationD．presentation
186．A．beg B．inspire C．teachD．promise
187．A．handle B．valueC．protect D．save
【答案】
168．A 169．B 170．D 171．C 172．C 173．D 174．A 175．C
176．D 177．B 178．A 179．B 180．C 181．A 182．C 183．A
184．D 185．A 186．B 187．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了英国马拉松选手卢克实现了从布里斯托尔骑自行车到
北京的梦想。他24岁时被诊断为癌症， 他通过自己的经历激励尽可能多的人珍惜生命。
168．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：24岁时，他感到左肩持续疼痛，确定为癌症，这是一
种非常罕见的且非常严重的肿瘤。A. constant持续的；B. casual随意的；C. bearable可忍受
的；D. slight 稍微的。根据下文中的“he felt a ___1___ ache in his left shoulder and was
___2___ with cancer, a very rare and ___3___sarcoma (肿瘤)”可知。此处指的是“持续的”疼
痛，最后才成为癌症。故选A。
169．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. infected感染；B. confirmed确定；C. suspected
怀疑；D. concerned使忧虑。根据下文中的“a very rare and ___3___sarcoma (肿瘤)”可知，
这是对上文的解释，所以此处指的是“确定”为一种罕见且非常严重的肿瘤。故选B。
170．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. frequent频繁的；B. basic基本的；C. mild温
和的；D. aggressive 非常严重的。根据空前的“was ___2___ with cancer, a very rare and
___3___sarcoma (肿瘤)”以及下文中的“chemotherapy (化疗)”可知，此处指的是“严重的”
肿瘤。故选D。171．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻的运动员出生在一个充满爱和支持的家庭，他慢
慢振作起来，找到了继续冒险的力量。A. practically几乎；B. flexibly灵活地；C. slowly缓
慢地；D. cautiously 谨慎地。根据下文中的“picked himself up and found the strength to
continue his adventures”及语境可知，癌症是在“缓慢地”恢复。故选C。
172．考查名词词义辨析。句意：卢克接受了痛苦的治疗，并决心在经历化疗的同时活得最
充实。A. impact 影响；B. faith 信心；C. treatment 治疗；D. memory 记忆。根据上文
“chemotherapy (化疗)”可知，此处指的是“治疗”。故选C。
173．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。 A. waiting等待；B. refusing拒绝；C. researching
研究；D. undergoing经理。根据上文中的“Luke accepted the painful___5___”可知，此处指
的是“经历”化疗。故选D。
174．考查动词词义辨析。句意：化疗进行到一半时，他以 1小时20分8秒的成绩完成了
布里斯托尔半程马拉松比赛，他又将目光“投向”更远的目标。A. finished 完成；B.
scheduled安排；C. registered注册；D. abandoned抛弃。根据下文中的“the Bristol Half-
Marathon in one hour 20 minutes and 8 seconds”可知，此处指的是在 1小时20分8秒“完
成”了比赛。故选A。
175．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. raised举起；B. opened打开；C. cast将（视线，
目光）投向；D. widened 变宽。根据上文中的“the Bristol Half-Marathon in one hour 20
minutes and 8 seconds”以及下文中的“his eyes farther away”"可知，他在完成马拉松比赛后，
又将目光“投向”更远的目标。故选C。
176．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发起了一场从英国布里斯托尔一直到中国北京的自行车
运动，以提高人们对癌症的认识。A. watched观看；B. covered覆盖；C. funded为……提供
资金；D. launched发起。结合语境以及下文中的“a cycling campaign from Bristol England
and all the way to Beijing China”可知，此处指的是他“发起”一项运动。故选D。
177．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. doubt怀疑；B. awareness意识；C. standard标准；
D. reputation名誉。结合常识，发起一项运动。通常为了提高的是人们对某事的“认识，意
识”。故选B。
178．考查名词词义辨析。句意：行程约3万公里，穿越约30个国家和地区，穿越从雪原
到草原的各种景观和天气，吸引了800多名追随者。A. journey旅程；B. passage文章；C.
distance距离；D. range范围。根据下文中的“During this journey”可知，此处指的是对“旅
程”的简单介绍。故选A。
179．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. defenders 防御者；B. followers 跟随者；C.
reporters 记者；D. doctors 医生。根据下文中的“During this journey, cancer patients from
other countries”可知，全程约3万公里，穿越近30个国家和地区，从雪原到草原，经历了
各种景观和天气，吸引了800多名追随者。故选B。
180．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这段旅程中，来自其他国家的癌症患者加入了他的行列，
告诉世界他们可以战胜这种情况。A. criticized批评；B. ignored忽略；C. joined加入；D.
missed 错 过 。 根 据 下 文 中 的 “ During this journey, cancer patients from other
countries_13__him, telling the world that they can live with the _14__”可知，这些来自其他国
家的癌症患者加入这项运动。故选C。
181．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. condition 条件、情况；B. conflict 矛盾；C.
dilemma 窘境；D. tendency 趋势。结合语境以及上文中的“cancer patients from other
countries_13__him, telling the world that they can live with the _14__”可知，癌症患者告知世
界他们可以战胜癌症，也就是他们患有癌症这种“状况”。故选A。
182．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一所充满艰辛的学校，但卢克已经学会了为今天而活，不再操心未来的事情。A. disease疾病；B. fortune运气；C. future未来；D. dream梦想。根
据上文中的“Luke has learned to live for today and”可知，卢克学会活在当下，不再操心未
来的事情。故选C。
183．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时，由于新冠肺炎，这个梦想仍未完成，这是一场将
所有人困在家中的大流行病。A. uncompleted 未完成的；B. disconnected 切断的；C.
disorganized杂乱无章的；D. untested未经考研的。根据原因状语“due to COVID-19”可知，
此处指的是梦想由于新冠疫情“没有完成”。故选A。
184．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但今年，由于旅行没有障碍，卢克终于可以继续他的行程
了。A. charge收费；B. tax税；C. expense费用；D. barrier障碍。结合语境以及“due to
COVID-19”以及“Luke could finally continue his schedule”可知，新冠疫情是它实现梦想的
“障碍”，现在“障碍”没有了。故选D。
185．考查名词词义辨析。句意：登陆中国后，卢克发现重要的不是目的地，而是对生活的
探索。A. exploration探索；B. expression表达；C. foundation基础；D. presentation展示。
结合语境以及上文中的“from Bristol England and all the way to Beijing China”可知，卢克的
经历说明，这是他人生的一次“探索”。故选A。
186．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卢克真正希望做的是一些不同的事情，并激励尽可能多的
人珍惜生命。A. beg祈求；B. inspire激励；C. teach教；D. promise承诺。根据本文讲述的
励志故事可知，卢克通过做这件事，用自己的经历“激励”更多的人。故选B。
187．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. handle处理；B. value珍惜；C. protect保护；D.
save挽救。结合语境以及上文中“He____9____a cycling campaign from Bristol England and
all the way to Beijing China to raise the ___10___about cancer.”以及“It was a school of hard
knocks，but Luke has learned to live for today and let the ___15___take care of itself.”可知，卢
克想通过自己的经历激励人们“珍惜”自己的生命。故选B。
Passage8
（2024湖北省二模题）British rower Helen Glover is preparing for her fourth Olympic Games,
pushing herself to the limit. Despite enduring bloodied and blistered hands and pale skin, Glover
knows that physical 188 are just one aspect of the intense training required for the
Olympics.
For Glover, the real challenge 189 the day-to-day exhaustion and the constant
190 of waking up and training. With two gold medals from the 2012 and 2016 Olympics, her
fourth-place finish in Tokyo was remarkable considering her 191 preparation. Just a
year after giving birth to twins and four years after 192 , Glover made the bold decision
to 193 in the Olympics with only six months of serious training. Juggling (尽量兼顾)
childcare with her 194 schedule, she managed to reach the starting line and 195
miss out on a medal.
After Tokyo, Glover initially 196 her retirement but later changed her mind and
decided to compete in the coxless four (四人单桨无舵手艇) at Paris 2024. This time, her
preparation is more straightforward, and her racing experience gives her an 197 .
198 on her journey, Glover acknowledges that in the past, her happiness seemed
dependent on results and success. However, becoming a 199 has shifted her perspective.
Now, even on 200 training days, as long as her children are happy, she finds
contentment.Glover understands that her decision to continue rowing is a personal 201 . Her growing
success does not 202 her whole life, but she is determined to excel in the sport she loves
and give her best.
188．A．injuries B．disabilitiesC．commitments D．anxieties
189．A．arrives atB．lies in C．lets out D．leaves off
190．A．intentionB．devotion C．exploration D．repetition
191．A．excellentB．sufficient C．limited D．constant
192．A．improving B．preparing C．training D．retiring
193．A．compete B．coachC．volunteer D．advance
194．A．amazing B．breaking C．working D．demanding
195．A．merely B．narrowly C．scarcely D．hardly
196．A．suggested B．required C．announcedD．arranged
197．A．advantage B．admissionC．impression D．impact
198．A．Depending B．Carrying C．ReflectingD．Focusing
199．A．rower B．winner C．loser D．parent
200．A．daily B．toughC．simple D．usual
201．A．choice B．opinion C．feeling D．promise
202．A．baseB．waveC．define D．affect
【答案】
188．A 189．B 190．D 191．C 192．D 193．A 194．D 195．B
196．C 197．A 198．C 199．D 200．B 201．A 202．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了英国赛艇运动员Helen Glover的职业生涯。
188．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管双手流血起泡，皮肤苍白，Glover知道身体受伤只是
奥运会高强度训练的一个方面。A. injuries 损伤，伤害；B. disabilities 残疾；C.
commitments承诺；D. anxieties焦虑。根据“bloodied and blistered hands and pale skin”可知
此处指身体受伤，故选A。
189．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对Glover来说，真正的挑战在于每天的疲惫和不断重复
的起床和训练。A. arrives at到达；B. lies in在于；C. lets out发出，释放；D. leaves off停止。
结合上文“physical ____1____ are just one aspect of the intense training required for the
Olympics”及空前“the real challenge”可知，身体受伤只是奥运会高强度训练的一个方面，
对Glover来说真正的挑战在于每天的疲惫和不断重复的起床和训练，故选B。
190．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. intention 目的；B. devotion 奉献，投入；C.
exploration探索；D. repetition重复。结合上文“day-to-day exhaustion”及语境可知，Glover
备战奥运会，应是每天都要起床训练，故选D。
191．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在2012年和2016年奥运会上获得两枚金牌的她，在东
京奥运会上获得第四名，考虑到她有限的准备，这是非常了不起的。A. excellent极好的，
杰出的；B. sufficient足够的；C. limited有限的；D. constant不断的。结合下文“with only
six months of serious training”可知，在只有六个月认真训练的情况下参加奥运会，故她为奥
运会所作的准备有限，故选C。
192．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Glover刚生下一对双胞胎一年，退役四年，就做出了一个
大胆的决定，在只有六个月认真训练的情况下参加奥运会。A. improving 提高；B.
preparing准备；C. training训练；D. retiring退休，退役。结合“Just a year after giving birthto twins”以及下文“with only six months of serious training”可知，她只训练了6个月就参加
奥运会，故此处是指她退役四年，故选D。
193．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. compete竞争，参加比赛；B. coach当教练；C.
volunteer志愿做；D. advance发展，进步。根据下文“she managed to reach the starting line
and ____8____ miss out on a medal”可知，她决定参加奥运会，故选A。
194．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：她在苛刻的训练安排中尽量兼顾照顾孩子，最终
还是跑到了起跑线上，差一点就拿到了奖牌。A. amazing惊异的；B. breaking打破；C.
working工作上的；D. demanding苛刻的，费力的。结合上文的“serious training”及语境可
知，她要在短时间的训练参加奥运会，故平时的训练很苛刻，故选D。
195．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. merely仅仅，只不过；B. narrowly勉强地，以毫
厘之差；C. scarcely几乎不，简直不；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“her fourth-place finish
in Tokyo”可知，她在东京奥运会中获得第四名，故此处指差一点得到奖牌，故选B。
196．考查动词词义辨析。句意：东京奥运会后，Glover最初宣布退役，但后来改变了主意，
决定参加2024年巴黎奥运会的无舵手四人组比赛。A. suggested建议；B. required要求；C.
announced宣布；D. arranged安排。根据下文的转折“but later changed her mind and decided
to compete in the coxless four (四人单桨无舵手艇) at Paris 2024”可知，她最初想宣布退役，
故选C。
197．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次，她的准备更直接，她的比赛经验给了她一个优势。
A. advantage优势；B. admission准许进入，承认；C. impression印象；D. impact影响。根
据“her racing experience”可知，有比赛经验应是优势，故选A。
198．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回顾她的经历，Glover承认，在过去，她的幸福似乎取决
于结果和成功。A. Depending依靠；B. Carrying携带；C. Reflecting反思；D. Focusing集中。
结合下文“Glover acknowledges that in the past, her happiness seemed dependent on results and
success”可知，此处是回顾反思过去的经历，故选C。
199．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，为人父母改变了她的观点。A. rower划船者；B.
winner获胜者；C. loser失败者；D. parent父（母）亲。结合下文“as long as her children
are happy, she finds contentment”可知，她以前的幸福取决于结果和成功，现在只要孩子开
心，她就开心，故是为人父母改变了她的观点，故选D。
200．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，即使在艰苦的训练日子里，只要她的孩子们开心，
她就会感到满足。A. daily日常的；B. tough艰难的；C. simple简单的；D. usual通常的。
结合上文及空后的“training days”可知，训练的日子应是艰苦无比，故选B。
201．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Glover明白，她继续划船的决定是她的个人选择。A.
choice 选择；B. opinion 观点；C. feeling 感觉；D. promise 承诺。结合“her decision to
continue rowing”可知，继续划船的决定是个人选择，故选A。
202．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她日益增长的成功并没有定义她的全部生活，但她决心在
她所热爱的运动中脱颖而出，并全力以赴。A. base以……为据点；B. wave挥手；C. define
定义；D. affect影响。结合语境及“but she is determined to excel in the sport she loves and
give her best”可知，她日益增长的成功并没有定义她的全部生活，她决心继续全力以赴，故
选C。
