文档内容
专题 02 阅读理解七选五
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often
asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can
offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together
some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide
inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want
to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles.
Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible.
___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit
painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a
challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my
work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel
valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put
in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
AGet out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
Passage2
【2023年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in
many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.____16____, but studies have shown that they
can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their
memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many
of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the
winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the
winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed
this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also
research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as
carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You
can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper thanfully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of
owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s
lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
回顾知识体系
回顾核心考点
考点一段首：标题、第一段、小标题和每段第一句话。
做七选五时，需通读全文，全面洞悉其整体架构。随后，要厘清文章的结构与主旨内容。
要厘清文章的结构与主旨内容，需着重关注标题；其次要关注第一段；如果有小标题，还
要关注小标题的核心词，它们就像是各个区域的鲜明标识；最后，要关注每段的第一句话
提炼出关键词，就找到了理解的路径。经由这些关注，我们方能更为精准地把握文章的脉
络，从而提升解题的准确率。
考点二段中： 抓住关键词（块），梳理句子和语段的逻辑关系: 词汇层面，逻辑层面。因果关系：找出原因和结果。
转折关系：注意前后的变化。
并列关系：看看哪些是并列的内容。
递进关系：发现层次上的推进。
例证关系：用具体的例子来论证或说明某个观点或结论。
词汇层面：原词复现、同义词、反义词 指示代词（this, that, these, those, it）
如何找逻辑关系？
1) 标注关键词：把表示逻辑关系的词圈出来。
2) 理清段落结构：看段落是如何展开的。
3) 前后对比：比较前后句子的意思变化。
4) 抓主题句：主题句往往能体现逻辑关系。
逻辑层面关键词：“显性”词块易找，“隐性”逻辑难寻。
例证：for example
并列：also，too，then，and，as well as，not only...but also...，first，second，firstly...
因果：for，because，because of，since，as，therefore，thus，hence，accordingly，as a
result，consequently，so...
转折：however，still，though，yet，in spite of，on the contrary、in contrast...
递进：further，furthermore，moreover，what’s more，besides，in addition...
考点三全文：复盘全篇，核实所填空与原文的一致性
做题后，复盘注意选项与原文话题是否一致，代词指示是否前后一致？逻辑是否一致？句
式是否一致？
话题一致：先整体理解文章的主题，然后根据每一个选项的话题与文章主题是否相符来进
行选择。
代词指示一致：注意选项中代词所指代的内容是否与文章前后一致。
逻辑一致：分析选项与前后文在逻辑上是否连贯，比如因果关系、转折关系等。
句式一致：有时候句式一致能让文章更通顺，也可以作为选择的一个依据。
易错考点归纳
易错点1 忽视词汇和关键信息衔接导致的错误(1)忽视词汇线索——代词
典例分析
Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a
city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago... In fact, nearly everyone
lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great
Britain became the first urban society in history — a society in which the majority of people live
in cities and do not farm for a living.
Britain was only the beginning. 2 The process of urbanization — the migration (迁移)
of people from the countryside to the city — was the result of modernization, which has rapidly
transformed how people live and where they live.
D. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.
【错因分析】考生容易因忽视代词线索或者没有分析清楚代词所指代的对象而误选其他答
案。
【试题解析】文章的第一段说英国是第一个城市化的国家，第二段接着说英国仅仅是个开
始，不久许多别的工业国家也成为城市化的社会，这里 many other这个不定代词与前面的
Britain呼应，因此D项为正确答案。
【正确答案】D
(2)忽视词汇线索——同义词/近义词
典例分析
Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control
of the operations of a business. 3 One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic
policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and
accounting.
G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
【错因分析】有些学生容易忽视词汇复现而误选其他答案
【试题解析】空格前面的一句话提到了planning，direction和control，同时根据空格后面的
One的提示，可知这里G中的planning与前面提到的planning是同一词。
【正确答案】G
易错点2 语意理解错误典例分析
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in
bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.
Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to
separate fact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and
the reliability of sources…
Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out
for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science.
Think about the type of study. ____2____
Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior ＂contributes to＂ or is
＂associated with＂ an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain
result… Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful
of information contained in advertisements… Evaluate ＂scientific＂ statements carefully, and
be aware of quackery (江湖骗术).
G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from
common sources.
【错因分析】学生容易因对语意理解有误而误选其他答案。
【试题解析】这个选项是一个段落的结尾句，这种选项通常起着总结上文，提示下文的功
能。根据文章第二段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建议，因此本空引
出了下文的多个建议，故选择G项。
【正确答案】G
易错点3 逻辑结构衔接理解错误
典例分析
4 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素)
C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
A. Eat your greens.【错因分析】本题学生容易误认为所填句子与文章逻辑结构无关而误选其他答案。
【试题解析】这是一道小标题的试题，位于整个段落的最前面，这样的选项，往往是对下
面整个段落内容的概括和总结，反映整个段落的主旨和大意。这种试题往往需要从下面的
整段中搜索核心词汇，找出做题的线索。空白处后文的内容是：作为健康饮食的一部分，
每天要吃更多的水果和蔬菜。维生素C和E帮助保护视力，促进眼睛健康。这里根据下文
的核心词汇fruits and vegetables，Vitamins可知，A项”Eat your greens.(吃点绿色蔬菜)”能
够概括本段大意。故选A项。
Passage1
(2024年浙江省宁波市高考英语二模试卷 ) The solution to any despair might be hope，
experts say.It's believing in a brighter future and acting towards it. （1） ______ Here are
strategies that can help cultivate hope.As Hellman，an assistant professor of psychology at
Suffolk University in Boston，points out， "Hope begets hope，and it has such a significant
protective factor."
（ 2） ______ Make it a point to always be working toward at least one goal that's
meaningful，Hellman advises.In other words，it shouldn't be something you have to do but
something you want to do. "Goals can be anything that's important to us，" he says.
Brainstorm solutions.If you've set a goal that's meaningful to you，but you can't figure out a way
to achieve it，you'll probably feel pretty hopeless.People who are high in hope，meanwhile，
tend to generate lots of ways. （3） ______ If you're struggling to make a plan，Hellman
suggests sitting down with a pen and paper and giving yourself an hour to brainstorm solutions.
Seek out success stories.It's said that people cultivate hope by seeking support from their parents
and specific teachers.But they also got a lot out of learning about other people who have done wellfor themselves.Hellman says， " （4） ______ "
Tap into your imagination.Hellman thinks of imagination as "the instrument of hope".Let's say
you set a goal for the week.Spend a few minutes reflecting on or talking about what would happen
if you achieved it. "How does it impact you，or how would it benefit others？" he says. "（5）
______ And when you can see yourself in the future，that is the very essence of hope."
A.Do something meaningful.
B.It can be taught and nurtured.
C.Think in a goal-oriented way.
D.With these good examples，people are bound to be successful.
E.So，if one doesn't work out，they have an alternative at the ready.
F.By seeing other people succeed，they feel like they could succeed.
G.You and I have this wonderful capacity to play a movie in our head.
Passage2
(2024年黑龙江省大庆市高考英语三模)Maybe someone you've been friends with for years is
kicking up some conflict.Or ， a person you've really trusted seems a little
disappointing.However，we need to give people space to change，grow and readjust their own
thinking.Learning to get the "good" out of people usually works. （1） ______
People unavoidably have some types of flaws（缺陷）.For instance，people may keep important
truths，but the real truth might be that they have trouble trusting others. （2） ______ They are
constantly rocking your boat and occupying your personal time.
Sam，an employee assistance program counselor says，"People we care about can drive us
mad."He insists that it's easier to manage a relationship by setting boundaries and learning to draw
the good out of people. "Deal with their flaws and accept them if possible" he advises.
（ 3） ______ Sam emphasizes，"Usually，we can change something about our own methods
of dealing with a person.It doesn't have to end."Remember，too，that if someone hides important
information or tells straight lies，this is not acceptable.（4） ______
To handle the flaws，always focus on the strengths of people in your circle.One friend might be agreat babysitter for your kids while another helps you find good vacation deals.While you don't
want to"use"anyone，you do want to count on him for your own needs.（5） ______ We all
need a variety of people.Besides，life is much more interesting if we have a little bit of drama
going on.
A.No one can function all by himself.
B.Ending a relationship is seldom a good idea.
C.Forgiving others is always a good quality to maintain friendship.
D.Also，some people may ask too much of you.
E.But you can distance yourself and wait to see if someone changes.
F.Sometimes flaws may become advantages under certain circumstances.
G.To do this，focus on their strengths and how those benefit your own life.
Passage3
(2024年广东省汕头市南澳中学高考英语一模试卷)Your homework habits might be affecting
your grades． (11) However， you can change the way you feel by taking better care of your
mind and your body．
Use a planner．
Do you know that poor organization skills can reduce your final scores by a whole letter grade？
(12)Who can afford to score a big fat "0" on a paper， just because we get lazy and don't pay
attention to the due date？ Nobody wants to get an "F" because of forgetfulness．
Communicate with parents．
It sounds simple enough， but students don't always realize how much parents can stress out
about this． (13) Whenever parents see a small sign of potential failure， they may be afraid of
its potential to become a big failure．
(14)
Studies show that teens' natural sleep patterns are different from those of adults． This often
causes them to have trouble going to sleep at night， and have trouble waking up in themornings． You can avoid some of the problems by changing some of your night time habits．
Improve your memory．
A great way to improve homework habits is to improve your memory with brain exercise． (15)
Ancient accounts show that early Greek orators used the "loci" method of remembering long
speeches． You may be able to use this method to enhance your memory at test time．
A． Get the sleep that you need．
B． Parents are concerned about your success．
C． Never sleep later than your parents at night．
D． There are many ideas about improving memories．
E． You may feel bored when it comes to homework time．
F． Students often do their homework late at night every day．
G． That's why you should learn how to use a day planner the right way．
Passage4
(2024 年陕西省汉中市高考英语一模试卷) There are hundreds of genres （流派） of
music ， so while some might like one kind ， others might like something completely
different.Why do people like different kinds of music？
（ 1） ______ At the same time，music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture，
especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music.
Music can also be nostalgic，that is，it creates a kind of longing for the past.Musicians leave
behind a footprint with their music.（2） ______ Even long after the musicians are gone，
people still find something in the musicians' recordings that they can enjoy.
We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory.Maybe there was a song
that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories. （3） ______
When we listen to music that we like，a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the
brain，which can make us feel good. （4） ______ There are some algorithms （算法）
today that can help pick up on the kind of music we like.When we are streaming music，some
programs will let us like or dislike songs.
People's taste in music can remain the same in their whole life or it can change many times.But thetruth is，we don't know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music — or
sports，or food，or colors. （5） ______ We are all different people who like different things.
A.It's music to our ears.
B.Music can be a part of our identity.
C.It becomes a mirror that we are holding up.
D.They leave a permanent mark in people's lives.
E.Therefore，we might want to listen to a song on repeat.
F.Other times，we might find music can bring up sad memories.
G.There are lots of different factors that can influence our preferences.
Passage5
(2024年河北省衡水市董子高级中学定州中学高考英语二模试卷)Super communicators are
people who are consistently able to create real connections with others just by listening and
talking.The following are four habits of super communicators.
They know what kind of conversation they're having.Super communicators are usually able to
respond accordingly.If you're having a practical conversation，your friend might ask you to help
make hard decisions.（1） ______ If your friend is just expressing his feelings，you just need
to be a good listener.
They prove they're listening.There are plenty of ways to appear like you're listening，like making
eye contact or nodding.To do that ， experts suggest a technique called"cycle for
understanding".Ask a question and listen to the response.Repeat what they just told you.Ask your
conversation partner if you got what they said correct.（2） ______
They ask a lot of the right questions.Research shows that highly effective communicators tend to
ask 10 to 20 times as many questions as everyone else.They may simply be follow-up questions
like"What happened next？"Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up.
（3） ______ They ask about people's values or experiences and create an opportunity for
emotional connection.
（ 4） ______ The goal of a discussion isn't to impress someone，convince someone or wait
for their turn to speak.It's to genuinely comprehend someone else's point of view and share theirown views accordingly.The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both
parties can benefit from.（5） ______
A.They aim to understand.
B.Experts call them"deep questions".
C.They are persuasive communicators.
D.The decisions should be easy to carry out.
E.This practice sounds simple but is powerful.
F.Then you should be ready to give good advice.
G.And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
Passage6
（2024年河北省保定市高考英语一模试卷）Dogs have a different way of seeing the world compared to
human beings.As a result of this，they heavily rely on their body language to pass their messages
to people. （1） ______ .You will be shocked at some of these signs from your dog，because
believe it or not，there are some that you might have never thought of.
（ 2） ______ when you see your dog raising its paw.This is a behavior displayed mostly by
puppies and other small dogs.Whenever puppies want to eat，they will raise their paws or put
them out for their mother.So when it does the same to you，it just means they need some attention
and affection.
If you pay close attention to your dog，you will notice that at some point it will curl up just like a
fox.In such cases，the paws will be curled up underneath their bodies and their tail will be well
wrapped around them.This shows that the dog is probably feeling cold.Curling up helps them keep
more body heat. （3） ______ .
（ 4） ______ .But unfortunately this mostly means that the dog lacks some important
nutrients.It could also mean that they are trying to digest their food well considering how fibrous
（含纤维的） grass is.You should also be very careful because this could also indicate that your
dog has worms in their intestines（肠道） or is dehydrated and it is trying to get water from thegrass. （5） ______ .
A.Dogs may sometimes be grass-eating animals
B.Eating grass is not the most uncommon thing for a dog
C.Read the text to find out more on what your dog is trying to tell you
D.It's a sign that they want to play or simply need something from you
E.You may feel the joy of your dog or feel it cute to see such baby-like gesture
F.If this happens a lot，take your dog to the vet to ensure their safety
G.If you see your dog doing this，throw a.blanket over them to help them feel warmer
Passage7
（2024 年江苏省宿迁市高考英语一模试卷）So，if you are one of those who felt something was
missing，we recommend rethinking your philosophy to work and career.It may be time to reframe
what being happy with your career requires.The good news is that there is a better path out there
waiting for you.（1） ______ .Here are some prompts to help you break free from the old
vicious cycle（恶性循环）and struggle inside for a new virtuous one：
Purpose inspired work
Is there a clear and appealing purpose to your work？（ 2） ______ ？ Look for an
opportunity to work for a company with an inspiring purpose，or think about starting one of your
own.Help further a cause
We under-estimate our ability to do something in addition.We can always find time for something
we truly love.（3） ______ .Non-Governmental Organizations always need volunteers，new
entrepreneurs always need advice，and there are many causes struggling to be heard.
（ 4） ______
As time goes by.we lose some of our youthful vigour （活力）.Spend some time reminding
yourself of what mattered most to you in your teens and early twenties.Sometimes we put these
things to one side while we start our careers believing we will return to them and then forget.Make
2024 the year that you fulfil any hidden promises to your youth.
Reacquaint（重新熟悉） yourself with joy（ 5） ______ .Climb Kilimanjaro，learn a new language or how to write JavnScript.Whatever
it is，commit yourself to something that inspires you to make 2024 mean something greater than
the old familiar routines.
A.Reconnect with your youthful idealism
B.Set aside some time to evaluate your past work
C.Is it a job that you would like to pull yourself out
D.However，to find it，you will need to think differently
E.Can you link your daily efforts to making a difference to something important
F.If you don't love your work，try to find something you can love alongside your job
G.Give yourself permission to find one pleasure，goal，or ambition you will conquer
Passage8
（2024 年青海省百所名校高考英语二模试卷）Once upon a time，sewing and mending
clothes was common.（1） ______ Why have people stopped mending their clothing？Schools
stopped offering home economics classes ， technology boomed and fast fashion became
increasingly popular.All of a sudden，it's more inconvenient to fix something than it is to buy
something new.
（ 2） ______ In the past few years，it seems there's been growing interest in slow fashion—
not only saving，but also sewing and mending.On one of the most pleasant corners of the
internet，you'll find lots of videos showcasing everything from visible mending to beginner
sewing journeys.
Why should you learn to mend？（3） ______ As any eco expert will tell you，the best thing
you can do is buy less to begin with.That means shopping for quality items that will stand the test
of time，but also learning a few key skills so you can repair those items as needed rather than
sentencing them to life in an already-overflowing landfill.It's also helpful to customize （改制）
secondhand items which might not be exactly the right size or a little out of date.（4） ______
Beyond the functional benefits ， mending is about using what you have ， embracing
imperfections，fixing what's broken，and rejecting the idea that new er is better.The other aspectof mending is mindfulness.（5） ______ It's meditative （冥想的），slow work.It's
productive，and deeply satisfying.And an added bonus：It's sustainable.
If you are interested in sewing and mending，it is the perfect time to learn the new skill.which can
especially have a positive impact on the world.
A.But all hope is not lost.
B.Because it is a means of making a living.
C.Mending is a great way to reject consumerism.
D.Buying secondhand goods makes it possible to be sustainable.
E.This way，you may find yourself upcycling pieces into ones that suit you.
F.At some point in the last few decades，though，it became something of a lost art.
G.You focus on the task at hand and use your creativity to make your clothes unique.
