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专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习

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专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习
专题05形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(分层练)(解析版)_3.2025英语总复习_2024年新高考资料_2.2024二轮复习

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专题验收评价 专题 05 形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换 内容概览 A·常考题不丢分 【命题点01 形容词的构成】 【命题点02 形容词的级】 【命题点03 副词】 【微专题 形容词、副词4大易错陷阱】 B·拓展培优拿高分 C·挑战真题争满分 【命题点 01 形容词的构成 】 1.(江苏省南京市五校2023年高三联考试题)China has done (cooperate) research on giant panda conservation with 22 zoos in 18 countries,” said Hua Chunying, a spokesperson for China’s Foreign Ministry, at a press conference in 2021. 【答案】cooperative 【解析】考查形容词。句意:“该项目突出了中国与其他国家之间的密切伙伴关系和科学合作。中国已与 18个国家的22家动物园开展了大熊猫保护合作研究,”中国外交部发言人华春莹在2021年的一次新闻发 布会上说。分析句子结构可知,此处为形容词作定语修饰名词 research,cooperate的形容词为cooperative 意为“合作的”符合句意。故填cooperative。 2.(河南省开封市2023高三期末) According to Professor Johnson, we don't have to read the book if we don'twant to, as it is _____________ (option). 【答案】optional 【解析】考查形容词。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法,如果我们不想读这本书,就不必读,因为这是可选 择的。作表语,用形容词形式。optional可供选择的。 3. (安徽省合肥市2023高三期末) What was so _____________ (impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the Marathon barefooted. 【答案】impressive 【解析】 考查形容词。句意:关于Jasmine Westland的胜利令人印象深刻的是她在马拉松比赛中赤脚,并 且得了第一名。此处应用形容词作表语。 4. He devoted himself to (science) research on how to improve the productivity of farming. 【答案】scientific 【解析】考查形容词。句意:他致力于如何提高农业生产力的科学研究。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中 作定语表示属性,使用形容词,名词science的形容词为:scientific,故填scientific。 5. To ensure a (benefit) and ethical future with AI, it is crucial to address these concerns. 【答案】beneficial 【解析】考查形容词。句意:为了确保人工智能有一个有益的、合乎道德的未来,解决这些问题至关重要。 分析句子可知,此空应填形容词和and后ethical为并列关系,在本句中作定语,修饰名词future。故填 beneficial。 【命题点 02 形容词的级 】 1. (广东省深圳市2023高三期末) Whole-genome sequencing, which is much _____________ (costly)--up to $1000, could detect many more disorders, such as thyroid conditions that can cause brain damage. 【答案】costlier 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:全基因组测序成本高达1000美元,可以检测更多疾病,如甲状腺疾病, 这些疾病会导致大脑损伤。根据空前的much和句意可知,空处需要形容词的比较级,表示全基因检测的 费用更高。故填costlier。 2. As everybody knows, the (lazy) a person is, the more things he needs to do tomorrow. 【答案】lazier 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:众所周知,一个人越懒,他明天需要做的事情就越多。根据后面the more things和句子结构可知,此处应为固定句型the+比较级……,the+比较级……;意为“越……就越……”,所以此处为形容词比较级形式。故填lazier。 3.(河北省保定市重点高中 2023-2024学年高三试题)Divided into five sections, the long-running show is aimed to offer art collectors and the general public alike an opportunity to learn about China’s modern, contemporary print art and (far) explore the market value of prints, according to Liu Zehui, the person in charge of the show. 【答案】further 【解析】考查副词。句意:据展览负责人刘泽辉介绍,这场长期举办的展览分为五个部分,旨在为艺术收 藏家和公众提供一个了解中国现当代版画艺术的机会,并进一步探索版画的市场价值。根据句意可知,副 词further在此处修饰动词explore,意为“进一步”。farther指时间或空间上更远,故此处不可用farther。 故填further。 4.(江苏省南京市第九中学2023-2024学年高三质量调研)Of all the anxious candidates, he is ________(nerve) about his chances of being admitted. 【答案】the most nervous 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意:在所有焦虑的候选人中,他最担心自己能否被录取。分析句子结构可 知,此处位于be动词之后,因此需要填入形容词,nerve的形容词为nervous表示“紧张的”;句子中的比 较的范围为“all the anxious candidates”,表示三者以上,因此需要用形容词的最高级。故答案为the most nervous。 【命题点 03 副词 】 1. (江西省九江市2023高三期末) In addition to making her _____________ (incredible)popular, her great linguistic skill has made it easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists. 【答案】B 【解析】 incredibly 考查副词。句意:除了让她非常受欢迎之外,她出色的语言能力也让她更容易与外国游客交流。修饰形容 词popular应用副词incredibly,作状语。故填incredibly。 2.【2023届辽宁省沈阳市第二中学高三下学期模拟考试】Thanks to social media recommendations, Zibo has 53 (wide) spread on Chinese social media platforms. 【答案】widely 【解析】考查副词。句意:由于社交媒体的推荐,淄博在中国社交媒体平台上广泛传播。分析句子可知, 空处修饰动词spread,应用wide的副词形式widely,意为“广泛地”。故填widely。3.【2023届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三下学期二模】 29 (astonish), no matter how close one is to the stage, they just can’t tell how the masks change. 【答案】Astonishingly 【解析】考查副词。句意:令人惊讶的是,无论离舞台有多近,他们都无法分辨面具是如何变化的。分析 句子可知,空格处应填入副词作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Astonishingly。 4. 【2023届山东省济南市山东师范大学附属中学高三模拟】“We take 68 the relationship between the human being and nature, and between the human being and the inside of the body 69 (serious). 【答案】seriously 【解析】考查副词,句意:我们认真对待人与自然、人与身体内部的关系。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰 动词take,应该用副词修饰,serious的副词形式是seriously。故填seriously。 【命题点 0 4 形容词、副词 4 大易错陷阱】 1.【湖北省宜荆荆恩 2023-2024 学年高三起点试题】Whether you are exploring the streets of Liuzhou or enjoying a bowl in a distant land, Luosifen is sure to leave a lasting impression on your taste buds, providing a____ (true) unforgettable gastronomic (美食的) experience. 【答案】truly 【解析】考查副词。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处使用 true的副词truly,修饰形容词unforgettable,作 状语。故填truly。 2.【江苏省前黄高级中学 2023-2024学年高三学情检测】During a visit (early) this year to the crowded and noisy market in the city’s Wuning subdistrict, Mao Fenghua, head of the local trade union federation, found a child doing homework near a street stall. 【答案】earlier 【解析】考查副词。句意:今年早些时候,当地总工会主席毛凤华在参观武宁这个拥挤嘈杂的市场时,发 现一个孩子在街边摊位附近做作业。根据句意“今年更早时候”可知,应为比较级。故填earlier。 3.【河北省保定市重点高中2023-2024学年高三试题】He promoted the modern woodcut, which was popular in the West but still an essential Chinese form whose techniques reached maturity during the Tang Dynasty, as the most (access) and efficient vehicle for circulating new revolutionary thought among the masses. 【答案】accessible 【解析】考查形容词。句意:现代木刻在西方很流行,但在中国仍是一种重要的形式,其技术在唐代达到 成熟,是在群众中传播新的革命思想的最容易接近和最有效的工具。形容 accessible在此处修饰名词vehicle。故填accessible。 4.I suddenly realized that things could have developed in a (dramatic) different way. 【答案】dramatically 【解析】考查副词。句意:我突然意识到,事情本可以以一种截然不同的方式发展。空处修饰其后的形容 词different,需要一个副词作状语,结合所给词和句意,应用dramatically表示“显著地,剧烈地,戏剧性 地”。故填dramatically。 5. 【福建省福州市2023高三期末】The Lusail Stadium, the biggest one in Qatar and the venue for the final with 92, 000 seats, covering an area of 190, 000 square meters, was designed and built by China Railway International Group with _____________ (advance) energy-saving technologies and sustainable material in 2021. 【答案】advanced 【解析】考查形容词。句意:卢赛尔体育场是卡塔尔最大的体育场,也是决赛的场地,拥有 9.2万个座位, 占地19万平方米,由中铁国际集团于2021采用先进的节能技术和可持续材料设计建造。分析句子可知, 此空应填形容词作定语修饰后面名词,advanced“先进的”为形容词,符合句意。故填advanced。 【2023上·湖北·高三华中师大一附中校考期中】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单 词的正确形式。 The first time I entered the busy Chinese hotpot restaurant, I was immediately impressed by the delicious smells and lively chatter. The waiter handed me a menu, but it was predominantly written in Chinese, 1 characters were completely beyond my comprehension. With some hesitation, I decided to take 2 leap of faith and pointed at a few items on the menu that looked 3 (invite). As the bubbling pot was set 4 (boil), I watched with fascination as the waiter poured a fragrant broth (肉汤) into it. 5 (mix) with chili peppers, Sichuan peppercorns, and other mysterious spices, the pot released a mouthwatering aroma into the air. The moment of truth came 6 I tentatively dipped my chopsticks into the broth and added a slice of thinly sliced beef and a handful of vegetables. The first bite was an 7 (explode) of flavors. The numbing sensation from the Sichuan peppercorns danced on my tongue, and I understood the reason for the restaurant’s name, “Spicy Heaven.” I continued to experiment, trying various ingredients and 8 (marvel) at not only the food, but also theadventure, the 9 (delight) surprise of a world of flavors in a single bubbling pot. 10 my limited knowledge of the Chinese language, I laughed with my newfound friends and shared stories. 【答案】1.whose 2.a 3.inviting 4.to boil 5.Mixed 6.as/when 7.explosion 8.marvelled/marveled 9.delightful 10.With 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己在四川吃火锅的经历。 1.考查定语从句。句意:服务员递给我一份菜单,但上面写的大部分是中文,我完全看不懂。分析句子 可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词menu,其与characters是所属关系,关系词替代先行词从 句中作定语,用关系代词whose,故填whose。 2.考查冠词。句意:我犹豫了一下,决定大胆尝试一下,指着菜单上几样看起来很诱人的菜。take a leap of faith“信心剧增”,是固定短语。故填a。 3.考查形容词。句意同上。look是系动词,接形容词inviting“诱人的”作表语,故填inviting。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意:当沸腾的锅被烧开时,我着迷地看着服务员往锅里倒了一锅香味扑鼻的汤。 be set to do sth.“准备好将要做某事”,此处用不定式形式,故填to boil。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意:混合着辣椒、花椒和其他神秘的香料,锅中散发出令人垂涎的香气。分析句 子可知,“(mix) with chili peppers, Sichuan peppercorns, and other mysterious spices”作状语,非谓语动词mix 与逻辑主语the pot是被动关系,用过去分词作状语,故填Mixed。 6.考查从属连词。句意:当我试探性地把筷子伸进汤里,加了一片切得很薄的牛肉片和一把蔬菜,关键 时刻来了。分析句子可知,此处用从属连词引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,用as或者when, 谓语dip不是延续性动词,不可用while,故填as/when。 7.考查名词。句意:第一口是味道的爆炸。不定冠词修饰单词名词,故填explosion。 8.考查动词时态。句意:我继续尝试,尝试各种食材,不仅对食物,而且对这种冒险经历,这种一个冒 泡的锅里的世界风味的惊喜感到惊奇。分析句子可知,marvel与continued并列作谓语,用一般过去时,故 填marvelled/marveled。 9.考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词surprise用修饰物的形容词delightful“令人喜欢的”作定语,故填 delightful。 10.考查介词。句意:用我的中文知识有限,我和我的新朋友们一起大笑,分享故事。分析句子并根据句 意可知,用介词with“拥有”构成介词短语作状语,故填With。 【2023上·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内 单词的正确形式。 The 19th Asian Games closed on October 8th under the theme of “Enduring Memories of Hangzhou” for theclosing ceremony, 11 (highlight) the power and unity of sports and the Asian Games. 12 (enhance) with AR visual effects, the stadium, also known as the “Big Lotus”, turned into 13 blooming garden with 19 giant osmanthus flowers(桂花) during the parade of athletes, symbolizing the 14 (diverse) of Asian cultures and the prosperity of Asia. The Hangzhou Asian Games featured 40 sports and 481 events, 15 took place across 56 different competition venues. Over the past 16 days, around 12, 000 athletes from 45 countries and regions shared 16 (forget) moments in Hangzhou. China carried off 201 golds, 111 silvers and 71 bronzes, finishing atop the medal tally. It’s the third time that China 17 (host)the continental multi-sports event. “The Qiantang River continually flows into the sea, and the light of Asia will continue to shine brightly in the future. The Asian Games flame is about to be put out, 18 its spirit will live on,” said Gao Zhidan, organizing committee president. The Hangzhou Asian Games claimed to be a “green” and “smart” event. No fireworks were let 19 in the city during the Opening and Closing Ceremonies, although impressive digital technology allowed television viewers to see Al-generated fireworks on the broadcast. The Hangzau Asian Games also produced world-leading performances with a total of 13 world records 20 (break). 【答案】11.highlighting 12.Enhanced 13.a 14.diversity 15.which 16. unforgettable 17.has hosted 18.but 19.off 20.having been broken 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是第19届亚运会于周日闭幕,文章对这届亚运会做了评论和总结。 11.考查非谓语动词。句意:第19届亚运会于于10月8日闭幕,闭幕式的主题是“最忆是杭州”,突出 了体育和亚运会的力量和团结。closed是谓语,空格处作非谓语动词,The 19th Asian Games和highlight之 间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,作状语,故填highlighting。 12.考查非谓语动词。句意:体育场也被称为“大莲花”。在AR视觉效果的辅助下,体育场在运动员入 场时变成了盛开的花园,19朵巨大的桂花象征着亚洲文化的多样与亚洲的繁荣。分析句子可知,enhance 用非谓语动词形式作状语,与主语the stadium是被动关系,用过去分词形式作状语,故填Enhanced。 13.考查冠词。句意同上。此处泛指“一个盛开的花园”,用不定冠词修饰,故填a。 14.考查名词。句意:体育场也被称为“大莲花”,在AR视觉效果的加强下,体育场在运动员入场时变 成了盛开的花园,19朵巨大的桂花象征着亚洲文化的多样与亚洲的繁荣。冠词修饰名词,作宾语,diverse 是形容词,名词形式diversity,此处特征亚洲的多样性,用单数,故填diversity。 15.考查定语从句。句意:杭州亚运会共有40个大项,481个小项,在56个不同的比赛场馆进行。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词The Hangzhou Asian Games,从句中作主语,用关系代词 which,故填which。 16.考查形容词。句意:过去的16天里,来自45个国家和地区的约12000名运动员共享了在杭州的难忘 时刻。修饰名词用形容词作定语,根据句意,unforgettable“难忘的”符合句意,故填unforgettable。 17.考查时态。句意:这是中国第三次举办亚运盛会。此处为固定句型:It is the third time that+现在完成 时,表示“它是第三次做某事”,从句用现在完成时,故填has hosted。 18.考查连词。句意:组委会主席高志丹表示:“钱塘江源源不断地流入大海,亚洲之光将在未来继续闪 耀。亚运会的火炬即将熄灭,但亚运精神将永远留存。”根据句意,前后文是转折关系,故填but。 19.考查介词。句意:在开幕式和闭幕式期间,北京没有燃放烟花,尽管令人印象深刻的数字技术让电视 观众可以在直播中看到人工智能燃放的烟花。let off“燃放”,固定短语,故填off。 20.考查非谓语动词。句意:杭州亚运会也创造了世界一流的成绩,共打破了13项世界纪录。分析句子可 知,此处为with+宾语+宾补复合结构,records与break是被动关系,且表示先于谓语动词produced的动词, 故用现在分词的完成被动式,故填having been broken。 【2023上·湖北·高三校联考】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Big, heavy vehicles that can’t climb steep hills, running on two steel rails — we’re all familiar with the concept, 21 we call them railways or railroads. Right? However, here’s one of the most unusual railways 22 break the rules in order to reach the places other trains can’t roll: Chongqing Monorail (单轨), China. Monorails have been around for more than a century, 23 they’ve never quite fulfilled the futuristic promises of those early 24 (promoter). That said, Chongqing Monorail is an 25 (exception) example where the unique qualities offered by monorails are ideally suited to their environment. Chongqing in China is home to the longest monorail system on the globe, carrying millions of passengers a year on two high-capacity railway lines 26 (total) 61 miles in length. At just over 34 miles, Line 3 is also the 27 (world) longest single monorail line with an annual ridership of around 250 million. Brought into 28 (operate) between 2005 and 2016, the two lines have 70 stations with a mix of underground and elevated sections. With extreme differences in altitude, Chongqing’s authorities 29 (force) to seek an alternative to conventional trains when they needed to transform its public transport system and monorail’s ability 30 (negotiate) steep climbs and tight bends made it the ideal solution. Finally, Chongqing Monorail emerged. 【答案】21.whether 22.that 23.but 24.promoters 25.exceptional 26.totalling/totaling 27.world’s 28.operation 29.were forced 30.to negotiate 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了重庆的单轨地铁。21.考查状语从句。句意:大型重型车辆不能爬上陡峭的山坡,在两条钢轨上运行——无论是被称作 railway 还是 railroad,都是我们熟悉的概念。根据句意“无论是被称作railway还是railroad,都是我们熟 悉的概念”可知,本句使用固定搭配whether…or…。故填whether。 22.考查定语从句。句意:然而,这里有一条最不寻常的铁路,为了到达其他火车不能行驶的地方而打破 规则:中国重庆单轨铁路。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词the most unusual railways,先行词被最高级修饰,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that。故填that。 23.考查并列连词。句意:单轨列车已经存在了一个多世纪,但它们从未完全实现那些早期提倡者的未来 主义承诺。结合句意可知,前后两句为转折关系,用连词but连接。故填but。 24.考查名词复数。句意同上。promoter是可数名词,结合句意,单轨早期的提倡者应为复数概念。故填 promoters。 25.考查形容词。句意:也就是说,重庆单轨铁路是一个特殊的例子,单轨铁路提供的独特品质非常适合 他们的环境。修饰名词example需使用形容词作定语。故填exceptional。 26.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国重庆拥有世界上最长的单轨铁路系统,两条总长61英里的高容量铁路线 每年运送数百万乘客。分析句子结构可知,设空处开始的短语作定语,修饰名词,total“总计”与lines之 间是主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。故填 total(l)ing。 27.考查名词所有格。句意:3号线全长34英里多一点,也是世界上最长的单轨铁路,年客流量约为2.5 亿人次。结合上下文语境可知,此处指“世界上最长的单轨线”,需使用名词所有格修饰monorail line。 故填world’s。 28.考查名词。句意:这两条线路于2005年至2016年投入运营,共有70个车站,包括地下和高架部分。 介词into后需使用名词作宾语,operation是不可数名词。故填operation。 29.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:由于海拔高度差异极大,重庆当局在需要改造公共交通系统时, 被迫寻求替代传统火车的交通工具,单轨铁路在陡坡和急转弯方面的能力使其成为理想的解决方案。分析 句子结构可知,设空处为本句谓语动词。时间状语从句中谓语动词使用了一般过去时,主语authorities与 动词force之间构成被动关系,且为复数形式,可知应使用一般过去时态的被动语态,be动词用were。故 填 were forced。 30.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。ability后常常使用动词不定式作定语。故填to negotiate。 【2023上·河南商丘·高三商丘市第一高级中学校考】 For Chinese people, nothing is more common than drinking hot water every day. Contrary 31 Westerners’ drinking cold water at home or in restaurants, Chinese people are always seen carrying vacuum cups whichever season it is. Why do they have a 32 (prefer) for hot water?In the past, the authorities suggested 33 (drink) boiled water to prevent infectious diseases, because it was 34 (general) considered a way to kill off bacteria. Even now, equipping hot water dispensers (饮水机) 35 (recommend) in public places like schools, hospitals and railway stations. Another reason is Chinese people’s eating habits. It’s believed that hot water helps keep the body’s internal temperature, which can be 36 (benefit) to health by improving blood circulation and digestion. 37 is widely accepted in China that drinking a glass of warm water in the morning helps kick start the digestive system. Finally, traditional Chinese medicine places great emphasis on yin and yang, a concept 38 hot water is considered to be yang and cold water yin. It’s believed that drinking hot water can balance the yin and yang in the body 39 lead to better overall health in cold weather conditions. So next time you have a cold, will you still be 40 ( confuse) about a Chinese friend’s tip for drinking more hot water? 【答案】31.to 32.preference 33.drinking 34.generally 35.is recommended 36. beneficial 37.it 38.where 39.and 40.confused 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国人喜饮热水的现象及原因。文章通过解释中国人爱喝热水的 多层原因,旨在让考生了解饮食文化的差异性和多样性,提升跨文化意识和交流能力。 31.考查介词。句意:与西方人在家或在餐馆喝冷水不同,中国人无论什么季节都拿着保温杯。contrary to 为固定搭配。故填 to。 32.考查词性转换。句意:为什么他们偏爱热水?此处应填名词,prefer的名词形式为 preference,作宾语。 故填preference。 33.考查动名词。句意:在过去,当局建议喝开水来预防传染病,因为人们普遍认为这是一种杀死细菌的 方法。suggest doing sth. 为常见搭配。故填 drinking。 34.考查副词的用法。句意:在过去,当局建议喝开水来预防传染病,因为人们普遍认为这是一种杀死细 菌的方法。本句话中缺少副词修饰 be considered。故填 generally。 35.考查谓语动词的被动语态。句意:即使是现在,学校、医院和火车站等公共场所也建议配备热水机。 这里在描述一个客观事实,且句子主语equipping hot water dispensers 和谓语动词recommend之间是被动关 系,是一般现在时的被动语态,且此处是动名词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 is recommended。 36.考查词性转换。句意:人们认为,热水有助于保持身体内部的温度,这可以通过促进血液循环和消化 对健康有益。此处应填形容词,benefit的形容词是beneficial。故填 beneficial。37.考查代词。句意:在中国,人们普遍认为早上喝一杯温水有助于启动消化系统。此处考查名词性从句 中的形式主语的用法,即 it 作形式主语代指后文 that 引 导的整个从句。故填 It。 38.考查定语从句。句意:最后,传统中医非常强调阴阳,热水被认为是阳,冷水被认为是阴。此处a concept是先行词,表示抽象地点,在后面的句子中作地点状语,所以定语从句由关系副词where引导。即: 在阴阳理论中,热水为阳,冷水为阴。故填 where。 39.考查连词。句意:人们相信,在寒冷的天气里,喝热水可以平衡体内的阴阳,从而使整体健康状况更 好。根据句意“一般认为,饮用热水能让人体内的阴阳平衡,并且让人在寒冷的天气条件下保持健康。” 可知,此处表示顺承关系,且不能使用定于从句引导词which。故填 and。 40.考查词性转换。句意:所以下次你感冒的时候,你还会对中国朋友关于多喝热水的建议感到困惑吗? 此处需要形容词来形容人的心情,作表语。故填 confused。 1.【2023年全国乙卷】The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意:这个城市的显著发展,是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界,这意味着这里总 是有新的东西可以发现,我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词修饰 名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 【50题详解】 考查时态。句意:这座城市的显著发展,在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界,意味着这里总是有新 的东西等待发现,我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词,根据上下文可知,本句 时态为一般现在时;主语为“development”,单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 5.【2023年全国甲卷】 ___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意:与传统寓言不同,卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同,所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 6. 【2023年北京卷】 I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30位客人都准时出现时,我感到非常 惊讶。表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态应用过去将来时。故填would throw。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30位客人都准时出现时,我感到非常 惊讶。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly,故填exactly。 2022年 1.【2022 新高考 I 卷】 The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 答案:eventually 解析:考查副词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野 生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve,设空处应用副词eventually作状语,修饰动词achieve。故填 eventually。 3.【2022全国乙卷】It can help to build a community with a ___________ (share) future for mankind,” he said. 答案:shared 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词 future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。 4. 【2022年浙江卷1月】On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 答案:roughly 解析:考查副词。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有 200 个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”,故填roughly。 5.【2022新高考二卷】On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 38. 答案:asleep 解析:考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词,意为“睡觉”,其形容词为 asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配,意为“熟睡的”,asleep 符合句意。故填asleep。 40. 答案:accidentally 解析:考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处 解析:应该填写副词修饰动词 slipped。accidental 为形容词,意为“意外的,失误的”,其副词为 accidentally,意为“意外地,失误地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。 6. 【2022年天津卷第二次】The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day. A. completely blind to B. totally lost in C. pretty keen on D. well aware of 【答案】D 【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意:有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险,决 定等到第二天。A. completely blind to 完全不了解;B. totally lost in完全迷失于;C. pretty keen on 非常喜 欢;D. well aware of充分意识到。分析句子结构可知,此处应为形容词短语作表语,选项均为副词修饰形 容词,结合句意可知,此处表示“充分意识到”,故well aware of符合句意。故选D项。 2021年 1.【2021新高考1卷】The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 【答案】undoubtedly 【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空格所填词应该修饰动词 help,故应用副词形式。Undoubted 变 副词,直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。 2.【2021新高考1卷】But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish). 【答案】 astonished 【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构, 表示 "使……处于某种状态" 。因为 宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系,此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语,说明人的感受, 意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。 3.【2021全国甲卷】Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 (day) routines. 【答案】 daily 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示 "观察当地人的日常生活" ,修饰routines, 故用形容词,故填daily。 4.【2021全国乙卷 】Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.【答案】 financial 【解析】考查形容词。空前为动词,空后为名词,故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。因此应使 用finance的形容词形式financial。句意:为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填financial。 5.【2021.1 浙江卷】 But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp). 【答案】sharply 【解析】考查副词。句意:30年后,很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知 the BMI difference… had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要用副词,故答案为 sharply。 6. 【 2021 全 国 乙 卷 】 It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas. 【答案】educated 【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知,空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意:这与传 统的旅游业不同,因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。故填educated。 8.【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I told him how ____ 6 1____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 【61题详解】 考查形容词。句意:我告诉他塑料对环境的危害,并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为 how引导的感叹 句,how之后接形容词,所以填harmful。 9. 【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I was so ____ 6 2____ (excite) when he wrote back to me. 【62题详解】 考查形容词。句意:当他给我回信时,我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语,用形容词,修饰人,用v+ed形 式的形容词,所以填excited。 10.【2021年全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas. 【61题详解】 考查形容词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化 特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知,此处查固定搭配 become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。【62题详解】 考查名词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特 色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词 the可知,此处填入名词 development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。 11. 【2021年北京卷】Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____(safe) wait for the police to take her home. 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意:山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店,这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词 wait用副词作状语,故填safely。 12.【2021年天津卷第一次】As working from home becomes ________ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. A.increasingly B.equally C.nervously D.confusingly 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着在家工作变得越来越普遍,人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合 变得越来越容易。A. increasingly越来越多地,渐增地;B. equally相等地;C. nervously紧张地;D. confusingly令人困惑地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career” 可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易,是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍,increasingly 符合语境。故选A。 13.【2021年天津卷第二次】 The police searched the area for several days. ________, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for. A. Generally B. Originally C. Eventually D. Unfortunately 【答案】C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:警察在这一地区搜查了好几天。最终,他们找到了他们一直在努力寻 找的证据。A. Generally 通常,普遍地;B. Originally 起初,原来,独创地;C. Eventually 最终;D. Unfortunately不幸地。分析句意,警察一直在努力找证据,努力有了结果,最终找到了,故选C。 14. 【2021年天津卷第二次】It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available. A. annual B. exact C. alternative D. pleasant 【答案】C【解析】考查形容词。句意:如果你首选的旅游景点没有了,选择一个替代目的地是一个好主意。A. annual年度的;B. exact准确的;C. alternative替代的;D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据后文“destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available”可知此处指替代目的地,应用alternative。故选C。 2020年 1.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】Landing on the moon’s far side is 62. (extreme) challenging. 62. 考查副词。句意:登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的 副词形式,故填extremely。 3.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】 66. (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67. health, abundance and a happy home. ... Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69. (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 66. 考查副词。句意:当然在假期期间,这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语,因此只有改 变成副词才能复合句子结构,用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。 67. 考查短语。句意:竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。 故填with。 69. 考查形容词。句意:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches,用形 容词形式。故填beautiful。 4.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】I’m surely you’ll have a good time. ... Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner. 3. 考查形容词。句意:我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子,此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故 将surely改为sure。 9.考查代词。句意:祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子,best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。 故将your改为you。/句中的yours为名词性物主代词,不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。 10.考查固定短语。句意:希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”,是固定短语。此处不 需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。 5.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】As the small boat moved, 68. (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 68. 考查副词。句意:当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时,山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词 moved应用副词gently作状语,表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。 7.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷(山东卷)】In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36. (wealth) people travelled andcollected plants, historical objects and works of art. 36. 考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪,富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词 people,应使用形容词,做定语。故填wealthy。 8.【2020年浙江卷1月】 The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes___61___(old)than before. This is___62___(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. 【60题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意:首先是出生率的下降,这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多,因此,平均而言, 人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与……相比;与某事相提并论”,故填compared。 【61题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级,故填older。 【62题详解】 考查副词。句意:在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词,故填particularly。 9.【2020年北京卷】 Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible. 【答案】 2. lucky 3. if/whether 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意:奥利弗说,如果你足够幸运,身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词,所以空处填 形容词做表语。故填lucky。 【3题详解】 考查连词。句意:问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句,从句 成分完整,但缺“是否”的意思,故填if/whether。 10. 【2020年天津卷第一次】With the widespread use of the Internet, communications across the world have _____________developed over the years. A. steadily B. differently C. independently D. formally 【答案】A 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意:随着互联网的广泛使用,世界各地的通信多年来稳步发展。A. steadily稳 定地,,稳固地;B. differently不同地;C. independently独立地;D. formally正式地。此处指稳步发展,故 选A。 11.【2020年江苏卷】 The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and work. A. absurd B. abrupt C. allergic D. authentic【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发,给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。 A. absurd荒谬的;B. abrupt突然的;C. allergic过敏的;D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知,新冠肺炎疫情 给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。 2019 1.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. 62. poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知,此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied,意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。 2.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident....I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. . 第一处:【解析】考查形容词用法。“interest(使感兴趣;使关注)”的形容词有interesting(使人感兴趣 的)常修饰物;与interested(表现出兴趣的)常修饰人。本句的意思为:多亏一个偶然的事件,我对踢足 球产生了兴趣。主语是I,故将interesting改为interested。 第五处:【解析】考查副词。“hard(努力地;费力地)”与“hardly(几乎不;几乎没有)”都为副词, 但是词义不同。本句意思为:我挡住足球,并使劲地将它踢回操场。故将hardly改为hard。 3.【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】 Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year. ... But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).” 63.【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知,此处应用副词形式作状语,修饰谓语动词 have been acknowledged,意为“最终得以认可”,故填finally。 70.【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知,在系动词 is 之后用形容词形式作表语,故填 wonderful。 5.【2019 年全国卷 III】 They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. 67.【解析】考查形容词。空格修饰名词 stories,应用形容词形式,tradition的形容词为traditional,故填 traditional。 68.hugely【解析】考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular,应用副词形式,huge的副词为hugely,故填 hugely。7.【2019年北京卷】Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience. 10.考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列,修饰后面的名词college experience,故此处也要用形容词。故 填meaningful。 8.【2019年浙江卷6月】 When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them. ... School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 59. cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时,汽车司机很容易 看到它们。or连接两个并列成分,根据or前的walking可知,此处要用cycling。故填cycling。 60. easily【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知,设空处所给词是修饰动词see,修饰动词要用副词,因此,用 easy的副词形式。故填easily。 65. traditional【解析】考查形容词。句意:穿校服在英国是一个传统,但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不 用穿校服。are是系动词,其后常用形容词作表语,tradition是名词,“传统”的意思,因此,用其形容词 形式。故填traditional。 9.【2018年浙江卷11月】 _____58_____(recent), caffeine has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks. 58.考查副词。句意:最近,咖啡因已经进入了橙子、苹果和其他调味饮料。此处单独作状语用副词,故 填Recently。 10.【2019年江苏卷】Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise. A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight 28.C【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意:不像传统的体育锻炼,有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选 项。A. casual偶然的,随便的;B. regular定期的,有规律的;C. flexible灵活的;D. tight紧的,密封的。 故选C。 11.【2019年天津卷】A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is ___________ established. A. properly B. widely C. originally D. temporarily 【答案】A 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意:在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前,需要定期的训练。properly正确地;widely广泛地;originally最初;temporarily临时地,根据题意,故选A。