文档内容
单元提升卷 02 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
单元基础知识巩固
拓展词汇变形
1. n. 体育场；运动场→(复数)
2. n. 健康；健壮；适合→ adj. 健康的；合适的
3. vt. 主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人→ n. 女主人；女主持人
4. n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→ adj. 光荣的；荣幸的；受到尊敬的
5. n. 决心；决定→ vt. 决定；确定→ adj. 坚决的
6. vt. 使受伤；损害→ adj. 受伤的；有伤的→ n. 伤害；损伤
7. n. 失败；失败的人(或事物)→ vt.&vi.失败；不及格；衰退
8. adj. 优美的；优雅的→ adv. 优雅地
9. n. 力量；体力→ adj. 坚强的；强壮的→ adv. 强烈地；强
大地→ vt. 加强
10. n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号→ n. 冠军；优胜者
11. adj. 苗条的；单薄的→(比较级) →(最高级)
12. vi.慢跑 n．慢跑→(过去式) →(过去分词) →(现在分词)
13. vi. 竞争；对抗→ n. 竞争；比赛→ n. 竞争者→
adj. 有竞争性的
14. adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的→ adv. 积极地；乐观地；肯定地
15. n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安
→ adj. 焦虑的→ adj. 有压力的
核心短语互译
1. 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 13. 即使；虽然
2. 锻炼；计算出；解决 14. 有作用或影响
3. 获得成功；准时到达 15. 而不是
4. 代替；而不是 16. 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪
5. 参加 下
6. 树立榜样 17. 有时；偶尔
7. 破裂；破碎；崩溃 18. track and field
8. 由于 19. lose weight
20. used to do
9. 丧失信心；泄气
21. be up to sb.
10. 放弃；投降
22. bring glory and honour
11. 有道理；合乎情理；表述
23. work together
清楚
24. become known as
12. 假装做某事
25. learn from26. compare...with/to... 29. be similar to
27. be positive about 30. the same as
28. in common with
拓展词汇变形 →stressful adj. 有压力的
1. stadium n. 体育场；运动场→(复数) 核心短语互译
stadiums/stadia 1. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
2. fitness n. 健康；健壮；适合→fit adj. 健康的；合2. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决
适的 3. make it 获得成功；准时到达
3. host vt. 主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主 4. instead of 代替；而不是
持人→hostess n. 女主人；女主持人 5. take part in 参加
4. honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honoured adj. 光荣 6. set an example 树立榜样
的；荣幸的；受到尊敬的
7. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
5. determination n. 决心；决定→determine vt. 决定；
8. because of 由于
确定→determined adj. 坚决的
9. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气
6. injure vt. 使受伤；损害→injured adj. 受伤的；有
10. give up 放弃；投降
伤的→injury n. 伤害；损伤
11. make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
7. failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail vt.&vi.失
12. pretend to do sth . 假装做某事
败；不及格；衰退
13. even if/though 即使；虽然
8. graceful adj. 优美的；优雅的→gracefully adv. 优
14. make a difference 有作用或影响
雅地
15. rather than 而不是
9. strength n. 力量；体力→strong adj. 坚强的；强
16. cut...out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
壮的→strongly adv. 强烈地；强大地→strengthen
17. now and then 有时；偶尔
vt. 加强
18. track and field 田径
10. championship n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号
19. lose weight 减肥
→champion n. 冠军；优胜者
20. used to do 过去常常做
11. slim adj. 苗条的；单薄的→(比较级)slimmer→(最
21. be up to sb. 取决于某人
高级)slimmest
22. bring glory and honour 带来荣耀
12. jog vi.慢跑 n．慢跑→(过去式)jogged→(过去分
23. work together 合作
词)jogged→(现在分词)jogging
24. become known as 作为……著名
13. compete vi. 竞争；对抗→competition n. 竞争；
25. learn from 向……学习
比赛→competitor n. 竞争者→competitive adj. 有
26. compare...with/to... …… 与……比较
竞争性的
27. be positive about 对……乐观
14. positive adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的
28. in common with 与……相同 / 一样
→positively adv. 积极地；乐观地；肯定地
29. be similar to 与……相似
15. stress n. 压力；紧张；重音 vt. 强调；重读；使
30. the same as 和……一样
焦虑不安 vi. 焦虑不安→stressed adj. 焦虑的
一、语法填空
答案第2页，共2页1．In a word, success is important, and so is (fail), because it’s the mother of success.
2．He bought me a book on health and (fit) , reminding me to live a healthy life.
3．We were deeply impressed with the (grace) movements of the ballet dancers.
4．As a student, I must work hard. Meanwhile, I should take exercise to build up my (strong).
5．They tended to lose cognitive (认知的) functions at a much slower rate than those with the least
(mental) challenging jobs.
6．When it comes to wedding traditions,there are (different) between the West and the East.
7．“Merci” was the only French word that I (master) when travelling in Paris.
8．There remains a doubt among us about it, there?
9．She pretended calm, but as a matter of fact, she was so nervous from head to toe.
10．He did not particularly want to take up a (compete) sport.
11．The boy has won the speaking (compete).
12．No one can compete them on price in this market.
13．You have set example to us and we intend to follow your example.
14．I’m lucky to be one of the (host).
15．She was to try her best, for a good start is half the success. You can’t help but admire her
. (determine)
16．His conduct speaks him (honor).
17．To make our country and richer, we should communication with other countries, getting
through helping each other. (strength)
18．We opened the windows and let in the (glory) evening air.
19．Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to
fewer (injury).
20．The right choice, on the other hand, can offer the illusion of height and (slim).
21．The (compare) of her life to a sea voyage simplifies her experience.
22．Friends should be the people who help us to increase our strengths and find solutions to
situations. (stress)
23．You can go (jog) every day.
24．This is (positive) the worst thing that I can even imagine.
25．Be positive your future and get on with living a normal life.
26．They failed (appreciate) significance of the precautions.
27．If we win the (champion), then that would be just that more awesome.28．He told his mother he feels honored (have) enjoyed such a long career.
29．The cave is the home of a (legend) giant.
30．The girls went through their (gym) routine.
1．failure
【详解】考查名词。句意：总之，成功是重要的，失败也是重要的，因为它是成功之母。“so is____”是
so位于句首的部分倒装，空格处用名词作主语，fail的名词是failure，是不可数名词，意为“失败”。故
填failure。
2．fitness
【详解】考查名词。句意：他给我买了一本关于健康和健身的书，提醒我过健康的生活。分析句子可知，
此空应填名词作介词后宾语，fitness表“健身”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填fitness。
3．graceful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：芭蕾舞演员优美的动作给我们留下了深刻的印象。空处作修饰movements
的定语，结合“the ballet dancers”可知，grace的形容词形式graceful意为“优美的”，作定语。故填
graceful。
4．strength
【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一名学生，我必须努力学习。同时，我应该锻炼身体来增强力量。分析
句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，strength表“力量”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填strength。
5．mentally
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们失去认知功能的速度往往比那些从事最不具脑力挑战的工作的人慢得多。
空处作修饰形容词challenging的状语，应用副词mentally，意为“精神上，智力上”。故填mentally。
6．differences
【详解】考查名词。句意：说到婚礼传统，东西方之间存在差异。名词difference做主语，根据are可知，
用复数形式differences。故填differences。
7．mastered
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：“Merci”是我在巴黎旅行时唯一掌握的法语单词。空处作that引导的定语
从句的谓语，结合“when travelling in Paris”可知，此处叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故
填mastered。
8．doesn’t
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：我们对此仍有疑问，不是吗？当陈述部分的主语是 there 时，反意疑
问句的主语也用 there。陈述部分是肯定句，反意疑问句要用否定形式，且 remains 是实义动词，用助动
答案第4页，共2页词 doesn’t 构成反意疑问句，故填 doesn’t 。
9．to be
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她装作很镇定，但实际上，她从头到脚紧张得不得了。pretend to do
sth.为固定搭配，表示“假装做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语，使用系动词be，与形容词
calm构成系表结构。故填to be。
10．competitive
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他并不特别想参加竞技运动。设空处使用compete的形容词competitive“竞
争的”，作前置定语，修饰名词sport。故填competitive。
11．competition
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个男孩赢得了演讲比赛。speaking competition表示“演讲比赛”，作动词
won的宾语，此处特指那场演讲比赛，用可数名词单数，故填competition。
12．with/against
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在这个市场上，没有人能在价格上与他们竞争。此处使用介词with/
against，compete with/against“与……竞争”为固定搭配。故填with/against。
13．an
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：您为我们树立了榜样，我们愿意效仿您。set an example for固定搭配，意
为“为……树立榜样”，故填an。
14．hosts
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我很幸运能成为主持人之一。此处应用名词host作宾语，表示“主持
人”，one of+可数名词复数，故填hosts。
15． determined determination
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：她决心尽力而为，因为良好的开端是成功的一半。你不得不佩服她
的决心。根据第一空格前的was可知，第一空格处用提示此的形容词形式determined作表语，be
determined to do sth. (下定决心做某事)；再根据第二空格前的her可知，形容词性物主代词应该修饰名词，
所以第二空格处用提示词的名词形式determination作宾语。故填①determined②determination。
16．honorable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的行为表明他是可敬的。此处使用形容词honorable“可尊敬的，应受尊敬
的”，作宾语补足语。故填honorable。
17． stronger strengthen strength
【详解】考查形容词比较级、动词和名词。句意：为了使我们的国家更加强大和富裕，我们应该加强与
其他国家的交流，通过相互帮助来获得力量。第一个空为比较级stronger，与richer一起做宾语补足语。
第二个空为should+动词原形strengthen。第三个空为不可数名词strength作宾语。故填stronger；strengthen；strength。
18．glorious
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们打开窗户，让傍晚极为宜人的的空气进来。此空为形容词作定语，
glory的形容词为glorious意为“极为宜人的”符合语境。故填glorious。
19．injuries
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：研究表明，竞走与跑步有许多健身益处，同时最有可能减少受伤。此处
作宾语，应用名词，fewer后面应用可数名词复数形式，即injuries。故填injuries。
20．slimness
【详解】考查名词。句意：另一方面，正确的选择可以给人一种身高和苗条的错觉。空处和名词height并
列作of的宾语，应用名词slimness“苗条”，为不可数名词，故填slimness。
21．comparison
【详解】考查名词。句意：把她的生活比作一次航海简化了她的经历。由空前The定冠词可知，此处为
名词形式，和of后的名词形成所属关系，作句子的主语成分。故填comparison。
22．stressful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：朋友应该是那些帮助我们增强力量，帮助我们找到解决压力的方法的人。
此处使用形容词stressful“压力大的，紧张的”，作前置定语，修饰名词situations。故填stressful。
23．jogging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以每天去慢跑。go jogging“慢跑”，固定短语，故填jogging。
24．positively
【详解】考查副词。句意：这绝对是我能想象到的最糟糕的事情了。此处使用副词positively“绝对地”，
作状语，修饰动词is。故填positively。
25．about
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：对你的未来保持积极的态度，继续过正常的生活。此处使用固定搭配be
positive about“对……持积极态度”。故填about。
26．to appreciate
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们没有重视这些预防措施的重要性。本句谓语为failed，此处为非谓
语动词，应用 appreciate“重视”的不定式，作failed的宾语，fail to do sth.表示“没能做某事”。故填to
appreciate。
27．championship
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我们赢得冠军头衔，那就更棒了。空处应填名词作宾语，champion是名
答案第6页，共2页词，意为“冠军”，此处指“赢得冠军头衔”，应使用名词championship“冠军地位，冠军头衔”，故填
championship。
28．to have
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他告诉他的母亲，他很荣幸能享受这么长的职业生涯。分析句子可知，
此处为feel(系动词) +形容词+ to do sth“做某事感到怎样的”的固定结构，所以此处为动词不定式形式作状
语。故填to have。
29．legendary
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个洞穴是传说中巨人的家。空处修饰名词giant，应用形容词legendary，
意为“传说（中）的”，作定语。故填legendary。
30．gymnastic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：女孩们完成了她们的体操动作。此空修饰名词routine，应用形容词
gymnastic“体操的”，作定语。故填gymnastic。
二、单词拼写
31．His hard work finally paid off. In the Olympic Games, he won the (冠军称号).
32．The team has taken part in a lot of (比赛) and won several gold medals.
33．All the (观众) were moved to tears by his performance.
34． (作弊) is not allowed in all the exams, which is required in every school.
35．He fought the illness with courage and finally he got (健康).
36．As a middle-aged, we suffered from great (压力) both from work and family.
37．The dancer was tall and (优雅的) and was loved by the audience.
38．We should not only know our (长处), but also know our weaknesses.
39．He has (掌握) a good knowledge of computer by teaching himself.
40．Write down two of your favorite (运动员) and how they influence you.
41．I was the first to arrive at the (体育场) this morning.
42．I woke up (出汗) and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.
43．It's an (荣幸) for me to give you a lecture here.
44．He entered for many competitions, winning several gold (奖牌).
45．The secret to public speaking is to get the (观众) on your side.
46．The winner has been disqualified for (作弊), so justice has been done .
47．Considering your excellent English, I sincerely invite you to attend our program to share useful learning
strategies with the whole (观众).
48．It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional (饮食) is slowly declining.
49．It is important for us to (掌握) some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life.50．Seriously (受伤) in the accident, he faced many difficulties in everyday life.
31．championship
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的努力终于得到了回报。在奥运会上，他赢得了冠军。空格处应填入名词
championship“冠军称号”，作won的宾语。故填championship。
32．competitions
【详解】考查名词。句意：这支队伍参加过许多比赛，并且赢得了几枚金牌。空处用于a lot of之后，应
用名词的复数形式作宾语，“比赛”competition，复数形式为competitions。故填competitions。
33．audience
【详解】考查名词。句意：所有的观众都被他的表演感动得流下了眼泪。audience表示“听众，观众”，
用作主语时，其谓语可用单数（视为整体）或复数（视为个体），根据空后的were可知，此处视为复数。
故填audience。
34．Cheating
【详解】考查名词。句意：作弊在所有的考试都是不被允许的，这是每所学校都要求的。空处作句子主
语，应用名词cheating，表示“作弊”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Cheating。
35．fitness
【详解】考查名词。句意：他勇敢地与疾病作斗争，终于恢复了健康。根据汉语提示可知，fitness“健
康”，不可数名词，作宾语，故填fitness。
36．stress/pressure
【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一个中年人，我们承受着来自工作和家庭的巨大压力。空处用于形容词
great之后，应用名词stress/pressure，作介词from的宾语。故填stress/pressure。
37．graceful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位舞蹈家身材高大，举止优雅，深受观众喜爱。空处与tall并列，作句子
表语，应用形容词graceful，符合题意。故填graceful。
38．strengths
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们不仅要知道自己的长处，还要知道自己的短处。空处用于形容词性物主
代词our之后，应用名词strength，表示“长处”，是可数名词，使用复数形式表示泛指，作动词know的
宾语。故填strengths。
39．mastered
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他通过自学掌握了很好的计算机知识。根据汉语提示“掌
握”可知，此处为动词master，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，已有助动词
答案第8页，共2页has，空处需填过去分词形式。故填mastered。
40．athletes
【详解】考查名词。句意：写下你最喜欢的运动员中的两位，以及他们如何影响你。空处用于形容词
favorite之后，应用名词形式athlete，two of后接名词的复数形式athletes，作Write down的宾语。故填
athletes。
41．stadium
【详解】考查名词。句意：今天早上我是第一个到体育场的。“体育场”是stadium，此处指一个体育场，
因此空格处用单数，故填stadium。
42．sweating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我醒来时满头大汗，很紧张，但我准备向自己证明些什么。woke是谓
语，空格处用非谓语动词，“出汗”的动词是sweat，I和sweat之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词
表主动，故填sweating。
43．honor
【详解】考查名词。句意：我很荣幸能在这里给大家做讲座。荣幸为honor，作表语。故填honor。
44．medals
【详解】考查名词。句意：他参加了许多比赛，赢得了几枚金牌。“奖牌”应用名词medal，作winning
的宾语，且空前有several，medal应用复数形式。故填medals。
45．audience
【详解】考查名词。句意：公开演讲的秘诀是让听众站在你这一边。“观众”应用名词audience，作get
的宾语。故填audience。
46．cheating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：获胜者因作弊而被取消资格，所以正义得到了伸张。作弊“cheat”，分
析句子结构可知，介词后要使用动名词作宾语，故填cheating。
47．audience
【详解】考查名词。句意：考虑到你优秀的英语水平，我真诚地邀请你参加我们的节目，与大家分享有
用的学习策略。根据汉语提示可知，audience“观众”，此处强调整体，用作不可数名词，在句中作with
的宾语，故填audience。
48．diet
【详解】考查名词。句意：最近有报道称，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢下降。根据汉语提示可知应用
名词diet，根据上文不定冠词可知为单数。故填diet。
49．master
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对我们来说，掌握一些基本的生活技能为我们未来的生活做准备是很重要的。根据汉语提示“掌握”可知，此处为动词master，it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语，空
处需填动词原形和to构成动词不定式作主语。故填master。
50．injured
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他在事故中严重受伤，面临着每日生活中的困难。根据汉语提示，表
示“受伤”含义的表达为：injure，因空白处在句子中作状语，且与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，
使用过去分词，故填injured。
高考能力提升
三、阅读理解
Park guards who watch North America’s highest mountain say inexperienced and overconfident climbers
are taking more risks and endangering themselves and other climbers. The guards suggest many climbers are
trying to climb the mountain too fast.
Denali in southcentral Alaska is 6,190 meters above sea level. So, climbing it requires a high level of skill.
Climbers also need to acclimate to high altitudes (海拔), which is unnecessary for climbing most mountains in
the US.
The National Park Service recently made a statement (说明) warning that many climbers in the Alaska
Range are showing signs of inexperience and overconfidence. After no deaths were reported in 2018 and 2019, at
least two people have already died on the mountain in 2021. “Two others were seriously injured,” officials said.
Earlier this month, a skier from the state of Colorado died after falling into a very deep cut in the ice. A climber
from the state of Idaho was killed by a large falling piece of ice.
The guards made their statement after a Canadian climber was seriously injured after falling nearly 305
meters. He was not wearing climbing ropes. Other climbers reported the fall. “People in a plane studying glacier
ice in the area were able to save the man,” park officials said.
The National Park Service’s statement named several reasons for the increase in injuries and deaths. They
include extreme tiredness, untested body reactions to high altitudes, quickly changing weather, and not bringing
the right equipment (装备).
In recent years, guards said they have seen more climbers try to reach Denali’s top by climbing more than
2,000 meters from a base camp to the top in one day. This is nearly impossible except for the most experienced
climbers. Experts suggest that climbers take 17 to 21 days to reach the top of Denali. That includes rest days and
extra days to wait out bad weather.
答案第10页，共2页51．What does the underlined phrase “acclimate to” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Get used to. B．Get tired of.
C．Take control of. D．Look forward to.
52．What is special about climbers in 2021 compared with those in 2018 and 2019?
A．They are not so confident. B．They face higher altitudes.
C．There are deaths among them. D．There are more beginners among them.
53．What mistake did the Canadian climber make?
A．He didn’t train himself to climb. B．He didn’t make sure of his safety.
C．He didn’t stay with other climbers. D．He knew little about the glacier ice.
54．What do experts advise climbers planning to climb Denali to do?
A．Take suitable equipment.
B．Build up their strength.
C．Do more training before the climbing.
D．Spend more time completing the climbing.
If the Olympic Games are a history of mankind, wrestling (摔跤) is the prologue (序幕). When the ancient
Games of the Olympiad were born, wrestling was already an ancient game. Widely recognised as the world’s
oldest competitive sport, wrestling appeared in a series of Egyptian wall paintings as early as 5,000 years ago.
When the ancient Olympic Games began in 776 BC, more than two thousand years later, it included wrestling and
in the years that followed, wrestling featured as the main event.
The sport would return in a similar role when the Olympic Games returned after a 1,500 year absence in
1896. Organisers, seeking direct links to ancient times, found wrestling was very popular across much of the
ancient world, from Greece, Assyria and Babylon to India, China and Japan. GrecoRoman wrestling, a style which
was believed to be passed down from the Greek and Roman wrestlers of old was brought back into use.
In GrecoRoman wrestling, the wrestlers used only their arms and upper bodies to attack. They could hold
only those same parts of their opponents (对手). It worked nicely from a historical attitude, but another cheerful
and relaxing style was sweeping across Great Britain and the United States by then. Known as “catch as catch
can”， it had become popular at fairs and festivals in both countries.
In 1904, the Olympic Games added the second wrestling event and called it “freestyle”. Now, wrestlers
could use their legs for pushing, lifting and tripping, and they could hold opponents above or below the waist.
55．The first ancient Games of the Olympiad were held almost ________ years ago.
A．776 B．1,500C．3,000 D．5,000
56．What does the writer want to tell us by saying wrestling is the prologue?
A．The ancient Olympic Games have a long history.
B．Wrestling was an important game in the ancient Olympic Games.
C．Wrestling is popular all the time.
D．Wrestling has a really long history.
57．Why was GrecoRoman wrestling brought back into use in 1896 when the Olympic Games returned?
A．Because organisers wanted to find direct links to ancient times.
B．Because wrestling was very popular across much of the ancient world.
C．Because people believed it was passed down from the Greek and Roman wrestlers of old.
D．All of the above.
58．Concerning wrestling, which of the following is WRONG?
A．Wrestling has a longer history than the ancient Olympic Games.
B．In GrecoRoman wrestling, wrestlers can only use their arms and upper bodies to attack.
C．In 1904, another kind of wrestling took the place of GrecoRoman wrestling.
D．In the Olympic Games, wrestlers can hold opponents above or below the waist now.
51．A 52．C 53．B 54．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了许多经验不足、自负的登山者正在冒更大的风险，危及他们
自己和其他登山者，并且许多登山者试图以过快的速度爬上山顶。文章列举了导致受伤和死亡人数增加
的原因。
51．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Denali in southcentral Alaska is 6, 190 meters above sea level. So, climbing
it requires a high level of skill.(Denali位于阿拉斯加中南部，海拔6190米。所以，攀登它需要很高的技术水
平)”以及“which is unnecessary for climbing most mountains in the US.(这对于攀登美国的大多数山脉来说是
不必要的)”可知，Denali海拔高，而美国大部分山没有那么高，所以对登山者而言，爬Denali需要高水平
的技能，登山者需要习惯高海拔，acclimate to意为“习惯”，故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据第三段中“After no deaths were reported in 2018 and 2019, at least two people have
already died on the mountain in 2021.(在2018年和2019年没有死亡报告之后，2021年至少有两人在山上死
亡)”可知，相比2018年和2019年，在2021年有登山者死亡，故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据第四段中“He was not wearing climbing ropes.(他没有系攀岩绳)”可知，这个加拿大
答案第12页，共2页的登山者没有对自己的安全做好保障，故选B。
54．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Experts suggest that climbers take 17 to 21 days to reach the top of
Denali. That includes rest days and extra days to wait out bad weather.(专家建议登山者需要17到21天才能到
达Denali山顶。这包括休息日和等待恶劣天气结束的额外日子)”可知，专家建议攀登Denali的登山者把
休息和等待坏天气介乎的额外天数算进去，用17到21天到达山顶，故选D。
55．C 56．D 57．D 58．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了摔跤的历史。在古奥运会举行之前，摔跤就已经作为一种运动形
式而存在了。
55．细节理解题。根据第一段中“When the ancient Olympic Games began in 776 BC(当公元前776年古代
奥运会开始时)”可知，古奥运会是在公元前776年开始的，故第一届古奥运会是在差不多3000年前举行
的，故选C。
56．推理判断题。根据第一段中“If the Olympic Games are a history of mankind, wrestling (摔跤) is the
prologue (序幕).When the ancient Games of the Olympiad were born, wrestling was already an ancient game.
Widely recognised as the world’s oldest competitive sport(如果说奥运会是一部人类的历史，那么摔跤就是序
幕。当古代奥林匹克运动会诞生时，摔跤已经是一项古老的运动了。摔跤被广泛认为是世界上最古老的
竞技运动)”可知，整篇文章是在介绍摔跤的历史。在古奥运会举行之前，摔跤就已经作为一种运动形式存
在了，因此，作者说摔跤是人类历史的序幕，旨在说明摔跤作为一种运动的悠久历史，故选D。
57．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Organisers, seeking direct links to ancient times, found wrestling was very
popular across much of the ancient world, from Greece, Assyria and Babylon to India, China and Japan. Greco-
Roman wrestling, a style which was believed to be passed down from the Greek and Roman wrestlers of old was
brought back into use.(主办方在寻找与古代的直接联系时发现，摔跤在古代世界的大部分地区都很流行，
从希腊、亚述、巴比伦到印度、中国和日本。希腊-罗马摔跤，一种被认为是从古希腊和古罗马摔跤手传
下来的摔跤风格被重新投入使用)”可知，摔跤在1896年奥运会回归是因为组织者想找到与古代的直接联
系、摔跤在古代世界的大部分地区都很流行以及人们相信它是从古代的希腊和罗马摔跤手传下来的。故
选D。
58．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In 1904, the Olympic Games added the second wrestling event and called
it “freestyle”.(1904年，奥运会增加了第二个摔跤项目，称为“自由式”)”可知，在1904年又加入了一种
自由式摔跤比赛，并没有说取代了原来的那种，故选C。
四、完形填空
It was March 2019.
When Sara Cook got a letter telling her that someone had paid most of her medical debts, she thought itwas not 59 . “It seemed like one of those e-mails you get that say you have a long-lost 60 and you
just inherited (继承) two million dollars,” Cook says. Cautiously, she called the number listed on the letter. What
she learned was that this was not a 61 . It was 100 percent real.
A nonprofit called RIP Medical Debt had paid $5,000 toward her bills. The organization didn’t 62
all her debts from several back surgeries, but the former nurse was still 63 by the gesture. “I felt really
64 ,” she says, “knowing that complete strangers just did that out of the 65 of their hearts.”
Antico and Jerry, members of RIP, do have good hearts. They’re also former collection agents who have
seen how health-related debt has 66 lives. Antico says. “I never thought about all the hardship of the
people who couldn’t pay before. Now I 67 to find the people who need help.”
However, it’s not necessary for you to contact RIP for any help. Antico says they used to let people reach
out to them, 68 it was found that they weren’t able to help 69 who applied. Now, RIP
researches those in need of help. For the people who do 70 , RIP’s help is life-changing.
“After their letter, I realized that my life really won’t be 71 ,” says Cook, “ I may never be able to
work as a 72 again, but I can sit at the school library and help kids read or something else to help
people. When people do something out of the kindness of their hearts, sometimes they may 73 , ‘Does it
really make a difference?’ I want people to know that this HAS positive impact.”
59．A．exciting B．significant C．possible D．positive
60．A．uncle B．friend C．classmate D．colleague
61．A．game B．treat C．story D．joke
62．A．put up with B．take care of C．get along with D．make use of
63．A．interested B．inspired C．touched D．troubled
64．A．blessed B．bothered C．balanced D．bored
65．A．happiness B．goodness C．hardness D．willingness
66．A．created B．affected C．improved D．benefited
67．A．agree B．afford C．try D．happen
68．A．and B．or C．but D．nor
69．A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody D．everybody
70．A．apply B．qualify C．succeed D．reject
71．A．colorless B．fruitless C．restless D．helpless
72．A．doctor B．nurse C．teacher D．clerk
答案第14页，共2页73．A．believe B．advocate C．wonder D．dream
课文语法填空
There are many famous athletes at home and abroad. One of them is Lang Ping. As 74 coach, she
led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. When 75
( prepare) the Chinese team for the 2015 World Cup, she was tested by her determination. One of the best players
got injured, and the team captain left because of heart 76 (problem). Losing two important players didn’t
get Lang Ping 77 (lose) heart. She believed that her young players could win if they worked together as
a team. And they 78 (real) made it. Two weeks later, they were world champions! Another famous
player is Michael Jordan. 79 ( know) as “Air Jordan”, he changed basketball with his graceful moves
and jumps. His skills were impressive. But the mental strength that he showed made him unique. It seemed 80
in the final seconds of a game, Jordan could always find a way to win. When asked his secret 81 success,
he said it was learning from his failures. Losing games taught him to practise even 82 (hard) and never
give up. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club which he started in
Chicago 83 ( help) young people since 1996.
59．C 60．A 61．D 62．B 63．C 64．A 65．B 66．B 67．C 68．C
69．D 70．B 71．D 72．B 73．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了非营利组织RIP Medical Debt帮助减轻个人医疗债务，展示了善
行对人们生活的影响。
59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Sara Cook收到一封信，告诉她有人已经为她支付了大部分医疗债务
时，她认为这是不可能的。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. significant重要的；C. possible可能的；D. positive
积极的。根据上文“someone had paid most of her medical debts”以及下文“she called the number listed on
the letter”可知，她认为有人已经为她支付大部分医疗债务这件事是不可能的，所以要打电话求证。故选
C。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cook说：“这就像你收到一封电子邮件，说你有一个失散多年的叔叔，
你刚刚继承了200万美元。”A. uncle叔叔；B. friend朋友；C. classmate同学；D. colleague同事。根据下
文“and you just inherited (继承) two million dollars,”以及常识可知，此处应表示有一个失散多年的叔叔，
所以可以继承200万美元。故选A。
61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她所了解到的是这不是一个玩笑。A. game游戏；B. treat款待；C. story
故事；D. joke玩笑。根据下文“It was 100 percent real.”可知，此处表示这不是一个玩笑。故选D。
62．考查动词短语辨析。句意：该组织没有负责她几次背部手术的所有债务，但这位前护士仍然被这一举动所感动。A. put up with忍受；B. take care of负责；C. get along with和……相处；D. make use of利用。
根据下文“all her debts from several back surgeries, but the former nurse was still ___5___ by the gesture.”可
知，该组织并没有为她负责背部手术欠下的所有债务。故选B。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. interested使感兴趣；B. inspired激励；C. touched感动；D.
troubled麻烦，使烦恼。根据上文“A nonprofit called RIP Medical Debt had paid $5,000 toward her bills.”以
及下文“knowing that complete strangers just did that out of the ___7___ of their hearts.”可知，此处表示她
仍然被组织的这一举动感动。故选C。
64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我感到非常幸福，”她说，“知道完全陌生的人这样做只是出于善
良。”A. blessed有福的，愉快安宁的；B. bothered烦恼的；C. balanced平衡的；D. bored无聊的。根据下
文“knowing that complete strangers just did that out of the ___7___ of their hearts.”可知，此处表示她感到
非常幸福。故选A。
65．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. happiness快乐；B. goodness善良；C. hardness困难；D.
willingness意愿。根据下文“Antico and Jerry, members of RIP, do have good hearts.”以及“Now
I ___9___ to find the people who need help.”可知，这些陌生人这样做是出于善良。故选B。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们也曾是讨债代理人，亲眼目睹了与健康相关的债务是如何影响生活
的。A. created创造；B. affected影响；C. improved提高；D. benefited使受益。根据下文“I never thought
about all the hardship of the people who couldn’t pay before.”可知，他们亲眼目睹了与健康相关的债务是如何
影响生活的。故选B。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我努力寻找需要帮助的人。A. agree同意；B. afford负担得起；C.
try努力；D. happen发生。根据上文“I never thought about all the hardship of the people who couldn’t pay
before.”以及下文“to find the people who need help”可知，此处表示意识到有人需要帮助后，Antico努力寻
找需要帮助的人。故选C。
68．考查连词词义辨析。句意：Antico说，他们过去常常让人们联系他们，但发现他们不能帮助每个申
请者。A. and并且；B. or或者；C. but但是；D. nor也没有。根据“it was found that they weren’t able to
help ___11___ who applied.”可知，句子前后是转折关系，应用连词but。故选C。
69．考查代词词义辨析。句意同上。A. somebody某人；B. nobody没有人；C. anybody任何人；D.
everybody每个人。根据下文“Now, RIP researches those in need of help.”可推知，此处表示他们不能帮助
每个申请者。故选D。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于符合条件的人来说，RIP的帮助改变了他们的生活。A. apply申请；
答案第16页，共2页B. qualify符合；C. succeed成功；D. reject拒绝。根据下文“RIP’s help is life-changing.”可知，RIP帮助符
合条件的人，RIP的帮助改变了他们的生活。故选B。
71．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到他们的信后，我意识到我的生活真地不会是无助的。A. colorless
无色的；B. fruitless徒劳的；C. restless焦躁不安的；D. helpless无助的。根据下文“but I can sit at the
school library and help kids read or something else to help people.”可知，Cook意识到她的生活真地不会是无
助的。故选D。
72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可能再也不能当护士了，但我可以坐在学校图书馆，帮助孩子读书或
做其他事情来帮助别人。A. doctor医生；B. nurse护士；C. teacher教师；D. clerk店员。根据上文“but
the former nurse was still ___5___ by the gesture.”可知，她之前是一名护士，所以此处表示她说自己可能
再也不能当护士了。故选B。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们出于善意去做某事时，有时他们可能会想知道，‘这真地会有影
响吗?’A. believe相信；B. advocate提倡；C. wonder想知道；D. dream梦想。根据下文“Does it really
make a difference?”可知，人们出于善意去做某事时，有时他们可能会想知道这一问题的答案。故选C。
74．a 75．preparing 76．problems 77．to lose 78．really 79．Known 80．that
81．to 82．harder 83．has been helping
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了两位杰出运动员——郎平和迈克尔·乔丹，说明了运动员在面对
困难时的毅力、团队合作的重要性，以及成功人士回馈社会的责任感。
74．考查冠词。句意：作为教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上获得奖牌。此处表示泛指，
意为“一个”，故填a。
75．考查时间状语从句。句意：在为中国队备战2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。此处为时间状
语从句的省略，省略了she was,故填preparing。
76．考查名词复数。句意：最好的球员之一受伤了，队长因为听力问题离开了。problem是可数名词，此
处是泛指，应用复数形式，故填problems。
77．考查不定式。句意：失去两名重要球员并没有让郎平灰心丧气。get sb to do sth为固定短语，表示
“让某人做某事”，故填to lose。
78．考查副词。句意：还有他们，真的成功了。此处应用副词修饰后面的动词made做状语，故填
really。
79．考查过去分词。句意：他被称为“Air Jordan”，用他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。he与know构成
被动关系，因此用过去分词做状语，故填Known。
80．考查表语从句。句意：似乎在比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹总能找到获胜的方法。根据空前seemed可知，此处为表语从句，从句中不缺成分，应用that做连接词，故填that
81．考查介词。句意：当被问及成功的秘诀时，他说是从失败中吸取教训。secret后面跟介词to，表示
“……的秘诀”，故填to。
82．考查比较级。句意：输掉的比赛教会了他更加努力地练习，永不放弃。此处应用副词修饰动词
practise做状语；且根据前面的even可知，应用副词的比较级形式，故填harder。
83．考查现在完成进行时。句意：自1996年以来，他在芝加哥创办的Boys and Girls俱乐部一直在帮助年
轻人。根据后面的since 1996可知，主句用现在完成时，且此处强调动作一直在进行，空处应为现在完成
进行时，故填has been helping。
五、书信写作
84．最近，你校英文报体育专栏正在征稿，请你以“Sports and Me”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括：
1.你最喜欢的运动；
2.你喜欢它的原因。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sports and Me
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_____
84． Sports and Me
Many people like sports. When it comes to my favorite sport, it is basketball.
The first time I watched an NBA game, I became crazy about basketball because the stars looked so cool on
TV. Ever since then, I have lost my heart to the sport.
I love basketball for two main reasons. For one thing, it requires me to run, jump, switch and try to hit! I’m
like wind flying for my goal, which makes me feel so great! For another, basketball, a team sport, makes it
necessary to cooperate with others. Therefore, I have made many good friends while playing it.
I have played basketball for more than 5 years, and it will still be my favorite sport in the future.
答案第18页，共2页【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在校英文报体育专栏正在征稿，要求考生以“Sports and Me”
为题写一篇英语短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：like→be fond of
因为：because→as
合作：cooperate→collaborate
要求：require→request
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I have played basketball for more than 5 years, and it will still be my favorite sport in the future.
拓展句：I have played basketball for more than 5 years, which will still be my favorite sport in the future.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m like wind flying for my goal, which makes me feel so great!（运用了which引导
的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Therefore, I have made many good friends while playing it.（运用了状语从句的省略）
