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单元提升卷 05 Unit 4 Natural Disasters
单元基础知识巩固
拓展词汇变形
1. n．&vt. 营救；救援→ n. 营救人员；救援人员
2. vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过→ n. 幸存者；生还者→
n. 幸存；生还
3. n. 死；死亡→ vi. 死；死亡→ adj. 死的；无生命的
→ adj. 垂死的；临终的
4. n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. (使)震惊→ adj. 震惊的→
adj. 令人震惊的
5. vi.&vt. 呼吸→ n．呼吸
6. vt.&vi. 复活；(使)苏醒→ n. 振兴；复苏
7. vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ n. 痛苦；苦难
→ n. 受苦者
8. n. 智慧；才智→ adj. 明智的；有智慧的→ adv. 明智地；有
智慧地
9. vt.&vi. 打扫；清扫→(过去式) →(过去分词)
10. vi.&vt. 侵袭；突击；击打 n. 罢工；罢课；袭击→(过去式)
→(过去分词)
11. n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→ adj. 强大的；强有力的
→ adj. 无力的；没有能力的；无权力的
12. vi.&vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→ n. 爆发
13. adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt. 使平静；使镇静→ adv. 镇静地；沉着地
14. vt.&vi. 递送；传达 vt. 发表→ n. 递送；传达
15. n. 影响；结果；效果→ adj. 有效的
16. n. 长；长度→ adj. 长的→ vt. 加长
核心短语互译
1. 指的是；，查阅；提到 11. 穿过；贯穿；抄近路
2. 过去常常 12. 和往常一样
3. 建立 13. 消灭；彻底消除
4. 至少 14. 露天；在户外
5. 似乎；好像；仿佛 15. 现有(尤指帮助)
6. 严重受损；破败不堪 16. 保持平静
7. 震惊；吃惊 17. 远离
8. 吹走；刮走 18. 确保
9. 结束 19. fight the fire
10. 倒塌 20. floodhit area21. rescue worker 24. dig out
22. hundreds of 25. the number of
23. nothing but
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．I often recall the happy days we spent together during our summer holiday.
2．The scientist spent years alone in the forest, (survive) only by eating wild fruits.
3．Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national (emerge).
4．The government has taken (effect) measures to reduce the damage caused by the landslide.
5．The lift suddenly broke down and I (trap) inside.
6．The Internet (affect) our daily life greatly.
7．I am sure that he has the power (finish) the task on time.
8．Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library was newly open.
9．I remember seeing a family (rescue) by the team.
10．There were loud (crash) of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, but the students
remained still and waited calmly and quietly.
11．The athlete was out of (breathe) after finishing the marathon.
12．When he gets anxious, he often breathes deeply to calm (he) down.
13．On 26 December 2004, a tsunami caused by the (powerful) earthquake in the past 40 years
crashed into coastlines across Asia.
14．His failure in the match was a (shock) piece of news for his fans.
15．The book serves as a bridge between ancient (wise) and modern science.
16．Through all the (effort), the city began to breathe again.
17． (wise) is knowing what to do next.
18．The old man feared what would happen after his (die)
19． (strike) by the beauty of Mount Tai, we decided to stay another day.
20．Huge (wave) were breaking on the shore.
21．Though he has been power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's
economic problems.
22．I don’t know whether they are supplied enough food in the area.
23．The kind of trees is under threat and ten percent (destroy)in huge wildfires last summer.
24．All the (suffer) will pass and we should be positive about future.
25．Nowadays family members are often found (bury) in their own smartphones.
26．They are repairing the houses which (damage) in the flood.
27．In the UK, too many people in charge still insist on somehow (revive) traditional shops.
28．Traditional culture has a great on us, so in my opinion, some measures should be taken
to protect it . (effect)
29．The Internet has now become the first place the majority of people turn to for information.
答案第2页，共2页30．Bitter memories came (flood) back when he drove by the bridge.
二、单词拼写
31．Because of the earthquake, the electricity (供应) was cut off.
32．Eating too much roast food makes it more likely for us to (遭受)from heat inside our bodies.
33．Although smoking (影响) people’s health, China has the largest number of people that are
smoking.
34．Heavy rainfalls (淹没) the village.
35．The fire badly (破坏，损害) the town hall.
36．After the accident, only two passengers (幸存).
37．I find it difficult to write a (概要) of about 60 words in length.
38．The driver lost control of the car by accident and (碰撞) into a tree.
39．The crazy fans (吹口哨) as their favourite player came into the field.
40．They set out to (拯救) three young climbers.
高考能力提升
三、阅读理解
There is a strong smell that comes off Ratna Raju’s farm in the southeastern Andhra Pradesh state of India.
The smell comes from a mixture of natural materials, like cow waste and untreated sugar. The natural materials
help grow and protect crops in an area often hit by extreme weather and heat.
Farmers like Raju say natural materials protect their crops from climate change because the soil can hold
more water. And they stress the crops’ stronger roots help plants deal with strong winds. Supporters say natural
farming is successful in the state because of government support. Now, these methods should be spread across
India’s agricultural lands. Without government support for natural farming, most Indian farmers still use farm
chemicals and fertilizers. That puts them at risk when extreme weather hits. Many farmers are calling for greater
state investment to help them deal with climate change.
Last December, a storm brought heavy rainfall across India’s southeastern coast. It flooded towns and
fields. Early studies showed more than 240,000 hectares of crops were destroyed in Andhra Pradesh state.
Raju said the rainwater on their farms flowed into the ground in one day. The soil can take in more water
because it is less solid than soil with farm chemicals. Soil with farm chemicals is dry. He added that planting
different crops throughout the year helped keep the soil healthy. However, Raju’s neighbor, Srikanth Kanapala,
said his farm was flooded for four days after the storm. Kanapala often uses farm chemicals and fertilizers on his
farm. And he said seeing Raju’s crops held strong while his crops failed made him want to learn about other
farming methods.
Kanapala expected a potential financial hemorrhage of up to $600 as a consequence of the storm, a sum
that constituted a significant economic burden for a farmer in India. “For the next planting season, I plan to learn
from other farmers to give up farm chemicals,” he said.
41．What drives the expansion of natural farming in India?
A．The limited farms. B．The climate impact on crops.
C．The increased use of chemicals. D．The reduction of fertilizers.42．What can be inferred about farm chemicals from paragraph 4?
A．They help crops grow strong roots.
B．They enhance soil’s water absorption.
C．They ensure soil remains consistently wet.
D．They make crops less resistant to the storm.
43．What does the underlined word “hemorrhage” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Loss. B．Increase. C．Benefit. D．Aid.
44．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Chemicals: Harming Indian Farms
B．Storms: a Threat to Indian Farmers
C．Natural Farming: an Answer to Extreme Weather
D．Indian Agriculture: Facing the Effect of Climate Change
If the crust (外壳) of the earth were not pretty solid (坚固的), it would be shaking about and moving up
and down frequently. However, there are places in the rocks of the earth’s crust where it isn’t strongly held
together — where faults exist. Along the faults, one rock might push against another with great force. The energy
is changed to vibration in the rocks, so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake!
The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco Earthquake of 1906. Seven hundred people
died and property (财产) damage amounted to about $425,000,000. The greatest destruction came from the fires
that followed the quake.
One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon, Portugal, in 1755. The city was
destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about
seventy-five thousand people. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty
thousand people were killed.
Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo, Japan, and in Gansu Province
in China. The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the
city of Yokohama, too. The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three hundred square miles and killed about
two hundred thousand people.
45．The underlined word “vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.
A．shaking B．force C．energy D．losing
46．Which of the following is the correct order of the years when the earthquakes happened?
①the San Francisco Earthquake ②the earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal
③the earthquake in Calabria and Sicily ④the earthquake in central Italy
⑤the earthquake in Gansu Province ⑥the Tokyo quake
A．③④⑤⑥②① B．⑤⑥②①③④ C．②①③④⑤⑥ D．①③④②⑤⑥
47．According to the passage, the earthquake that killed the most people happened in ________.
A．Portugal B．Italy C．Japan D．China
答案第4页，共2页48．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．the earth’s crust in Europe is weaker than that in other places
B．the fires following the San Francisco Earthquake caused more damage than the earthquake did
C．there were 75,000 people killed in the San Francisco earthquake
D．the city of Yokohama was not greatly influenced by the Tokyo quake
四、完形填空
Thomas became a hero at 61. One night, his family had already gone to 49 . In the house next to
Thomas’ lived a mom, a little boy and a little girl. The mom had been preparing dinner. Feeling 50 , she
forgot about the food and fell asleep on a sofa. When she 51 , the house was full of fire and smoke.
52 the girl and her mom ran out, but the boy was left inside. The mom 53 knocking on
Thomas’ door. He got up quickly and went to answer the door. The woman 54 and asked Thomas to help
her son, who was in the 55 . Thomas told his wife to call 911, and quickly went to 56 .
Thomas 57 rushed into the house to save the boy. He was crawling (爬行) on his 58 and
knees, trying to find the boy. It was 59 with no electricity, and the wood panels were burning and
making his hands blister (起水疱). At this point, he didn’t care; his 60 was to save the boy. Finally, he
found the boy 61 in the hallway unconscious (昏迷的). He picked up the boy and ran out. When they
finally got outside, Thomas performed CPR on the boy and made him come back to life.
Thomas was later 62 the Government Award for his bravery. He was also awarded the Carnegie
Medal for his act of heroism. Thomas’s story is a great example of someone being 63 .
49．A．hospital B．work C．church D．bed
50．A．annoyed B．disappointed C．frightened D．tired
51．A．came over B．walked around C．woke up D．looked down
52．A．Luckily B．Accidentally C．Gradually D．Actually
53．A．stopped B．kept C．forgot D．enjoyed
54．A．waved B．argued C．cried D．promised
55．A．water B．fire C．kitchen D．library
56．A．paint B．sleep C．help D．play
57．A．hesitantly B．lately C．sadly D．bravely
58．A．hands B．eyes C．ears D．feet
59．A．strange B．new C．dark D．clean
60．A．focus B．dream C．plan D．ambition
61．A．reading B．lying C．drinking D．sitting
62．A．recorded B．calmed C．awarded D．prized
63．A．normal B．useless C．important D．selfless
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Strange things appeared before the Tangshan earthquake happened. For three days the water in the village
wells 64 (rise) and fell. The well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.Some animals including fish, 65 (mouse) behaved strangely. Other strange things also happened in the
city, 66 people thought little of these events and they slept as usual.
Finally 67 terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976, in which more than
240,000 people died and many 68 (injure). Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells instead of
water. People were greatly shocked. All the electricity in the city was cut off and people began to wonder how
long the disaster would last. The whole city was completely destroyed and the world seemed to be at an end. It
was one of the most 69 (destroy) earthquakes ever, which shocked the whole nation.
However, the people of Tangshan didn’t lose hope because 150,000 soldiers were sent 70 (help)
the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 71 were trapped. They also built
shelters for the 72 (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city by every means. 73 (slow),
the city began to come back to life.
五、书信写作
74．假定你是李华，请你给某英文报刊“人与自然”专栏写一篇与自然灾害有关的短文。内容包括：
1. 描述自然灾害的现象和后果；
2. 分析自然灾害频发的原因；
3. 发出号召。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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答案第6页，共2页
