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必修 1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Part 1 单元语法讲义--关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
Part 2 读后续写素材积累-六招高分开头技巧
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
Part 1 单元语法讲义--关系代词引导的限制性定语从句
1. that
可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于
which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。
2. which
指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如：
The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）
3. who, whom, whose
（1）who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，只可指人
（2）whom: 宾格，在从句中只能作宾语; 只可指人
（3）whose: 表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的
（4）whose + 名词 =the + n. + of which (某物的) = he + n. + of whom (某人的)
注意：
① 关系代词作介词宾语 (在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后：表人用 whom；表物用 which)
② 关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为
正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who 和 that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放
在句末。）
There are 30 students in this class, who are from the north of China.
这个班里有30名学生，他们来自中国北方。
Do you know the boy whose handwriting is very beautiful?
你认识那个书法非常漂亮的男孩吗？
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
→I'd like a room, the window of which looks out over the sea.
→I'd like a room, of which the window looks out over the sea.
我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。
1. As
a：as作为关系代词，常常用于固定句型中。
the same...as , as, such....as , so....asThey could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.(as作主语)
他们只能读类似这样的一些用简易英语改写的故事。
These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as作宾语)
这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。
This is the same knife as I lost.(as作宾语)
这把小刀和我丢的那把很相似。
b：such ... as ... 与such ... that ... 的区别
such ... as ... 中的as引导的是定语从句，而such ... that ... 中的that引导的是结果状语从句。当as引导
定语从句时，as在从句中一般作主语或宾语，而that引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分。
This is such a difficult problem as most of us can't work out.
这是一个我们大多数人都不能解决的难题。
(从句中的work out缺少宾语，前面的as是关系代词，用作work out的宾语。)
She is such a kind girl that many students like her.
她是个善良的女孩所以很多学生喜欢她。
(状语从句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不作成分。)
Part 2 读后续写素材积累--六招高分开头技巧
第一招：副词开头
Carefully, he stepped over all the broken glass.他小心翼翼地踩过了所有的碎玻璃。
Joyfully ，he skipped up the street.他很高兴地跳过了街道。
Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. 立刻，一片黑暗笼罩着森林。
第二招：形容词短语开头
Curious to know what was inside, he tiptoed into the dark cave.他好奇地想知道里面是什么，踮着脚尖走进了黑
暗的洞穴。
Unable to say a word, he was rooted to the spot.一句话也说不出来，他就楞在了原地。
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. 突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的马前。
Afraid that I might hurt the lovely small creature, I automatically let out a cry to stop my horse. 我害怕我会伤害
这个可爱的小生物，我自动发出一声喊叫来阻止我的马。文章给的提示句是：We had no idea where we were and it got dark.我们不知道自己在哪里，天变黑了。
Exhausted and hungry, I wondered if we could find our way back. 我又累又饿，想知道我们能不能找到回去的
路。
第三招： 非谓语开头
Looking around him cautiously, he slipped into the room and softly closed the door.他小心翼翼地环顾四周，溜
进了房间，轻轻地关上门。
Feeling disappointed, Jane had to stay alone for another night. 简感到失望，不得不再呆一夜。
Feeling refreshed, she continued to walk along the stream to find the way out.她感到神清气爽，继续沿着小溪散
步，寻找出去的路。
第四招：对话或独白开头
：“Let’s see who gets there first!” Rachel shouted, as she pedaled fast and zoomed past Jenny.“让我们看看谁先
到那里去！”瑞秋一边叫着，一边飞快地蹬着车从珍妮身边冲过去。
"Get into the car." Paul shouted at Mac. “上车！” 保罗对麦克喊道。
第五招：背景描写
We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way（我们开车穿过了几个州，沿途看到
了很多好风景。）
I looked out of the car window, winding rivers, lofty mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys, holding me
entirely in their fascination.
我望着车窗外，蜿蜒的河流，高耸的山脉，阳光明媚的海滩和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的注意力。
第六招：行为描写
Furry started wagging his tail and running around in circles when he saw his master taking a leash out from the
drawer. Furry was all ready for his evening walk.
当他看到他的主人从抽屉里拿出一条皮带时，Furry开始摇，绕着圈跑。Furry准备好了晚上的散步。
Dad exchanged a glance with me. Why not camp to satisfy Mom? 爸爸和我相互看了一眼。 为什么不露营来
满足妈妈？
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
一、定语从句
1.（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make
them the most money.
2.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced
development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildingsof the past.
3.（2021新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company ___________used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an
email urging it to cut back.
_________4.（2021北京卷）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___________ happened during
the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories.
5.（2021浙江1月卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ___________ gives an indication
of whether someone is a healthy weight.
6.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________live
within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
7.（2020新高考卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of
the British Museum __________ opened in 1759.
8.（2019 全国 II 卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,
___________ she opened with her late husband Les.
9.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable
for Tomorrow”.
10.（2022浙江1月卷）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small
but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel 11.（2022全国甲卷）On the
1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car
accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
12.（2023全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color
looked just perfect.
13.（2020全国III 卷）In ancient China lived an artist, __________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s
reputation had made him proud.
14.（2020天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
15.（2023 全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy
peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old
fables.
16．(2022天津3月卷) Kenny still remembers the class discussion ________the teacher asked students to share
what they wanted to be when they grew up.
A．why B．which C．that D．where17.（2021天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands _________ artists demonstrate their skills
and teach the visitors.
18.（2020全国I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to
put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
19. （ 2020 江 苏 卷 ） If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that
___________everyone.
20.（2021天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from __________we
can learn without repeating them.
_________21.（2020江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from ___________students can choose for
free.
二、读后续写
（2024·山西·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
As an educator, I have discovered that the life lessons that students bring with them to school are the ones
that I truly need to learn.
One story that describes this awesome responsibility starts with a second year college student. Every day, he
would come into my math class, sit in the very back and avoid eye contact. When I would ask the class questions, I
could hear a deep voice coming from his direction saying the correct answer every single time. I immediately began
to investigate and found that he had high standardized test scores but his report card in school did not match his
performances. I knew something had to change.
Through our school mentoring (辅导制) program, I asked him if he would like to be a part of a support team
that was specifically designed to help him graduate on time with his classmates. This program required me to visit
all of his classroom teachers, help him complete every assignment, provide him with materials to finish projects,
and constantly remind him that success could be achieved if he stayed on this path. In his senior, he was able to
make the Honor Roll (光荣榜).
This student had been living with his great-grandfather instead of living with his mother and six siblings (姊
妹). The concept of family had not been demonstrated in his life. However, at school, this program provided him
with a team that focused on his academic needs as well as celebrated his successes. The idea of family, where he
was cared for and was seen as important, was able to become a reality.
Unfortunately, during his senior year, his great-grandfather passed away, which terribly influenced his newlypositive view of life. But because of the bond that was established over the past two years through the program, I
was able to keep him focused on what he could control to achieve his goal. He showed determination and
perseverance, and he became a senior with his original class and had the opportunity to graduate with his friends.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sadly, when graduation day approached, he refused to attend the ceremony.
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I can still remember his smile face as he walked across that stage to receive his diploma.
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