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必修二 Unit 2 Wildlife Protection
Part 1 单元语法讲义--现在进行时被动语态
Part 2 读后续写素材--常用修辞手法
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
Part 1 单元语法讲义--现在进行时被动语态
一、现在进行时的被动语态的基本概念
现在进行时的被动语态的形式
肯定式 am/is/are + being done
否定式 am/is/are + not +being done
一般疑问式 Am/ls/Are+主语+being done
特殊疑问式 疑问词+is/are +主语＋being done
二、现在进行时被动语态的用法和意义
1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now, at the moment等时间状语。
As far as I know, he is now being treated in India.
据我所知，他现在正在印度接受治疗。
2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但该动作在说话的瞬间未必正在进行。
Many interesting activities are being carried out these days.
最近许多有趣的活动正在被进行着。(说话时，并不一定正在进行)
3．表示一种经常性的被动行为，常与 always, constantly，frequently等副词连用，往往带有夸奖、羡慕、埋怨、
讨厌等感情色彩。
I feel very amazed that the glasses of our living room are frequently being broken.
让我感到非常吃惊的是我们起居室的玻璃杯经常被打破。
4．表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作。
The birthday party is being held this evening.
5. 与情态动词连用，表示对现在正在发生的被动行为的推测。
— Do you know what John is doing ?
— He is ill. He may be being examined by the doctor.
6. 注意短语动词变为被动语态时，短语中的介词或副词不能省掉，应当看成一个整体。
The children are being taken good care of here.
7. be + under/in/on + n.可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The telephone is in use. = The telephone is being used.
Many new products are on show. = Many new products are being shown.
Part 2 读后续写素材---常用修辞手法1. Simile 明喻
明喻（simile）俗称直喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似关系而构成的修辞格。 如：
★The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
开满樱花的乡村，看起来有如粉红雪铺满地。
★The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
她的笑容像宝石一样闪闪发光。
★The scenery along the Lijiang River in Guilin is just like a beautiful landscape painting.桂林漓江的沿途风景就
像一幅美丽的山水画。
★ His heart is as hard as a stone.他铁石心肠。
★ Her soul is as pure as snow. 她的心灵纯洁无比。
认真观察以上各例，我们会发现它们的特点，由(as) ... as, like 等引导，这些引导词被称作比喻词
（acknowledging word），它们是辨别明喻的最显著的特征，明喻较为直白，比喻物和被比喻物之间相似点
较为明显，所以明喻是一种比较好判断的修辞手法。
●和as … as … 相关的词块积累：
as soft as water 柔情似水
as pure as snow 纯净如雪
as clear as crystal 清如水晶
as weak as water 软弱无力，弱不禁风
as unique as a fingerprint 独一无二
as drunk as a mouse 烂醉如泥
●和like相关的词块积累：
like a duck to water 如鱼得水
like a drowned cat 落汤鸡
like a cat on hot bricks 热锅上的蚂蚁
like a rat in a hole 如瓮中之鳖
02Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻
暗喻（metaphor）：也称隐喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似或相关关系而构成的修辞格。无
需借助比喻词，直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写。例如：
★Life is a ship on the ocean meeting both sunny days and stormy days. 生活是一艘在海上航行的船，既会遇
到晴天，也会遇到暴风雨天。
★Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.笑是驱走人们脸上寒意的太阳。★She is going through a roller coaster of emotions.她正经历着情感的过山车。
★At once, the Eastern and Western Chang’an Roads became roaring oceans. 霎时间，东西长安街成了喧腾的大
海。
由以上各例可知，暗喻没有引导词，这是明喻和暗喻在形式上的最大区别。换句话说，有为明喻，没有为
暗喻。如：He has a heart of stone. He has a heart like stone.很显然，前句是暗喻，后句是明喻。暗喻时，比
喻物和被比喻物之间的相似点较为含蓄，猛一看它们毫无关系，实际却有着某种内在联系。
●词块积累：
a bed of roses 安乐窝
clean hands 两袖清风
curtain-lecture 枕头风
like mushroom 雨后春笋
mushroom fame 一夜成名
a mushroom millionaire 暴发户
03Metonymy 借喻,转喻
借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。
I.以容器代替内容，例如：
1>.The kettle boils. 水开了。
2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。
II.以资料、工具代替事物的名称，例如：
Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。
III.以作者代替作品，例如：
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如：
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱。
04Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般。例如：
1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)
他的厂里约有100名工人。
2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿。
3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。
05Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉
转移，“以感觉写感觉”。
通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏
建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘渺
轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛
远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。例如：
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的
声音联想到百合花)
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音。
2>.Taste the music of Mozart.(用嗅觉形容听觉)品尝Mozart的音乐。
06Personification 拟人
拟人（personification）：拟人手法是把物（诸如动物、植物、物体、思想或抽象概念等）比作人，赋予它
们人的特性、外表、思维、动作，即把本来适用于人的词汇用于物，使之人格化。如：
★The thunder clapped angrily in the distance.雷声在远处怒吼着。
★The sun looks over the mountain’s rim.太阳挂在山边。
★The city gradually began to breathe again. 城市渐渐开始恢复生机。
★The wind howled in the night. 夜里狂风怒吼。
★The flowers / The curtains danced in the gentle breeze.花儿/窗帘在微风中翩翩起舞。
★The candle flame danced in the dark. 蜡烛的火焰在黑暗中跳动。
07Hyperbole 夸张
夸张（hyperbole）：夸张手法是人们从主观出发，有意识地把事实夸大，故意言过其实，以达到强调或突
出的一种修辞手法。它偏重于情感，而不太注重事实，表达得比实际事情更高、更强烈、更有集中性，具
有诙谐、讥讽、褒贬等功用。一般说来，凡事物，都可适当地利用夸张去修饰。
★My gray hair can make a long long rope. 白发三千丈。
★When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。
★Her appearance fairly took my breath away.她的美貌令我神魂颠倒。
08Parallelism 排比, 平行
排比（parallelism）：是由两个或两个以上短语或句子构成，其并列的结构相同或类似，意思相关，语气
连贯，使得句子读起来流畅，富有节奏感。
★Reading makes us wise and exercises make us strong.
读书使我们睿智，锻炼使我们强健。★To succeed in life, you need to take advantage of opportunities and to follow your dreams.
要想在生活中获得成功，你需要抓住机会，追随你的梦想。
★This is not only just what I wanted, but also what I needed.
这不仅是我想要的，也是我需要的。
欣赏英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯在《双城记》的一段话，体会其中排比的力量和感染力。
lt was the best of times, and it was the worst of times. It was the age of wisdom, and it was the age of foolishness. It
was the epoch of belief, and it was the epoch of incredulity. It was the season of light, and it was the season of
darkness. lt was the spring of hope, and it was the winter of despair.
---by Charles Dickens “A Tale of Two Cities”
这是最好的时代，也是最坏的时代；是智慧的时代，也是愚蠢的时代；是信仰的时代，也是怀疑的时代；
是光明的季节，也是黑暗的季节；是充满希望的春天，也是令人绝望的冬天。
09Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法
婉辞法指用委婉，文雅的方法表达粗恶，避讳的话。例如：
1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下。
2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽。
3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)
010Allegory 讽喻,比方(原意“寓言”)
建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。
英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive
resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学英语教程》一书
这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法，意为"换个方式的说法"。它是一种形象的描述，具有双重性，表层含义与
真正意味的是两回事。例如：
1>.Make the hay while the sun shines.表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草
真正意味：趁热打铁
2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑
011Irony 反语
反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式，如在指责过失、错误时，用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时，
则近乎责难的说法。例如：
1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊(真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念)
2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.012Pun 双关
双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义，借题发挥。作出多种解释，旁敲侧击，从而达到意想不到的幽默、
滑稽效果，它主要以相似的词形、词意和谐音的方式出现。例如：
1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.
2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.
3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.
013Parody 仿拟
这是一种模仿名言、警句、谚语，改动其中部分词语，从而使其产生新意的修辞。例如：
1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.
2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.
3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.
014Rhetorical question 修辞疑问(反问)
它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的，而是以疑问为手段，取得修辞上的效果，其特点是：肯
定问句表示强烈否定，而否定问句表示强烈的肯定，它的答案往往是不言而喻的。例如：
1>.How was it possible target=_blank class=infotextkey>possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see
nothing worth of note?
2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?
015Contrast对照,对比,对偶
对比（contrast）：巧妙地运用对比，可以突出作者想要强调的内容或情感。
★Many people will soon find themselves rich in goods, but ragged in spirit.
很多人很快就会发现，他们在物质上很富裕，但精神上却很贫乏。
★Everyone in the classroom was chatting happily while Refael sat alone, at a loss.
教室里的每个人都在开心地聊天，而拉斐尔却一个人坐在那里不知所措.
★Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. Never in all San Francisco’s history were her
people so kind as on that terrible night.
历史上，从来没有一个城市被如此彻底摧毁过。历史上，旧金山人民从来没有像在那个可怕的夜晚中那样
宽容善良过。
★Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet from every direction — east, west, north and south, strong winds
blew upon the unlucky city.
海上风平浪静，没有风。然而，从四面八方——东南西北来的强风都吹向这座不幸的城市。
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测一、单句语法填空
1．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）He said the team (experiment) with different types of food
products, but the models they got weren't as successful.
【答案】had experimented
【详解】考查时态。句意：他说，该团队已经试验了不同类型的食品，但他们得到的模型并不成功。这里
为从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语said可知，从句时态为过去完成时。故填had experimented。
2．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）After calling the wildlife rescue center and learning that all its vehicles were out
on other business, I carefully (wrap) (裹住) the wild bird in a towel and carried him to my friend’s car.
【答案】wrapped
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我给野生动物救援中心打了电话，得知那里所有的车辆都出去办别的事了，
就用毛巾把这只野鸟小心翼翼地包好，送到我朋友的车上。整个事情都是对已发生的事情的描述，所以
wrap要用一般过去时，这个单词为闭音节单词，后加ed时，需双写p。故填wrapped。
3．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Music is a sweet language to show love to those who love us and those who
(love) by us.
【答案】are loved
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：音乐是向爱我们的人和被我们爱的人示爱的甜蜜的语言。设空处在
定语从句中作谓语；根据本空的上下语境可知，此处应用一般现在时；根据空后by us可知，此处指“被
我们爱的人”，应用被动语态，关系代词who指代先行词those作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填are
loved。
4．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Study co-author Wei-Min Wu says that in 24 hours, the plastic
(turn) into carbon dioxide.
【答案】is turned
【详解】考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该研究合著者吴唯民说，24小时之内，塑料就被转化为
二氧化碳了。say后接宾语从句，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，此处turn作谓语，与主语the
plastic之间为动宾关系，聚苯乙烯是被黄粉虫消化而转化成二氧化碳的，故用被动语态，主语the plastic为
不可数名词，助动词应用is。故填is turned。
5．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (say) it is the fifth
largest creator of dangerous waste.
【答案】says
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：美国环境保护署表示该塑料是危险废物的第五大制造者。宾语从句用的一般现在时，因此主句也应用一般现在时，陈述当前的情况，而且主语The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency为单数，say应用第三人称单数形式。故填says。
6．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）But her fellow teacher said that we (celebrate) her 39th birthday!
【答案】were celebrating
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是她的老师同事说我们在为她庆祝39岁生日！根据上文“I
attended a birthday party”可知，此处表示“我们正在为她庆祝39岁生日”，句子描述当时正在做的事情，
因此句子用过去进行时，主语we是复数，因此空格处是were celebrating。故填were celebrating。
7．（18-19高一·北京西城·期中）My washing machine (repair) this week, so I have to wash my
clothes by hand.
【答案】is being repaired
【详解】考查现在进行时，被动语态。句意：这星期我的洗衣机正在修理，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据
后句“所以我不得不手洗衣服”可知，我的洗衣机正在维修；“洗衣机是被维修”，所以此处要用被动语
态；主语为“My washing machine”为第三人称单数，所以为is being repaired。故填is being repaired。
8．（2022高三下·全国·专题练习）Rainforests (cut)and burnt at such a speed that they will disappear
from Earth in the near future.
【答案】are being cut
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：热带雨林正以如此快的速度被砍伐和燃烧，它们
将在不久的将来从地球上消失。句子主语Rainforests是复数形式，和谓语动词cut之间是被动关系，这里
表示目前正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案为are being cut。
9．（22-23高二上·全国·课后作业）Look! The children (take) good care of by their aunt.
【答案】are being taken
【详解】考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：看!孩子们正被他们的阿姨好好照顾着。动词短语
(take) good care of是句中谓语，与主语The children之间为被动关系，结合句意和句中“Look!”可知，描述
说话时正在发生的事情，用现在进行时态，主语是复数名词，系动词用复数形式。故填are being taken。
10．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Look! A new factory (build) near house, and many more factories
(build) here in the near future.
【答案】 is being built will be built
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：看！我们家附近正在建一家新工厂，不久的将来还会有更多的工厂建
在这里。第一空：build与主语A new factory是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，由Look!可知，此处陈述正
在进行的动作，应用现在进行时的被动语态；第二空：build与主语many more factories是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，由in the near future可知，此处陈述将来发生的动作，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填①
is being built；②will be built。
11．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）High-rises decorate the city’s skyline, creating a distinct contrast to the
ancient neighborhoods, temples, and buildings that (occupy) previously by people.
【答案】were occupied
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：高层建筑装饰着城市的天际线，与以前被人类占据的古老社区、
寺庙和建筑形成鲜明的对比。动词occupy和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事
情，用一般过去时的被动语态。定语从句中主语that指代先行词the ancient neighborhoods, temples, and
buildings，是复数，主谓一致，故填were occupied。
12．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）The money will (distribute) over a four-year period and is aimed
at helping approximately 1, 000 homeless people in the county of Arvada.
【答案】be distributed
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这笔钱将在四年时间内分发，目的是帮助阿瓦达县大约1000名无家可
归的人。分析句子可知，distribute和will构成谓语动词，主语The money与动词distribute是被动关系，空
前有助动词will，故用一般将来时的被动语态，故填be distributed。
13．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）So far, the site (conduct) the final preparation and rehearsal (彩排)
for the launch, including fueling up the cargo craft and transferring the spacecraft-rocket combination to the
launching area.
【答案】has conducted
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，该基地已经进行了发射的最后准备和彩排，包括给货运飞船
加油和将飞船-火箭组合转移到发射区域。根据时间状语“so far”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为the
site，助动词用has。故填has conducted。
14．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Though borrowing words has become faster, the process is still complex, and
it takes time before new words ( integrate) into everyday speech.
【答案】are integrated
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然借用单词的速度越来越快，但这个过程仍然很复杂，新单
词融入日常口语需要时间。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语new words，和谓语之间
是被动关系，应用被动语态，并且主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式，故填are integrated。
15．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）So far, large quantities of private information (leak) to the
advertisement agency illegally.【答案】have been leaked
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，大量的私人信息被非法泄露给了广告公司。主语large
quantities of private information与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文So far可知为现在完成时的被动语态，
“large quantities of +不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，助动词用have。故填have been leaked。
16．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）To any neighboring countries, border issues, unless (handle)
properly, will directly affect the relationship between them and even lead to conflicts.
【答案】handled
【详解】考查状语从句的省略、动词语态。句意：对于任何邻国来说，边界问题如果处理不好，都会直接
影响到邻国之间的关系，甚至引发冲突。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句
含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件状语从句完整句子为unless border
issues are_____ (handled) properly，省略border issues are，border issues和 handle“处理”之间是被动关系，
所以unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时的被动语态，省略border issues are，保留过去分词。故填
handled。
17．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Much of the world’s electronic waste will not be recycled, reused or even
disposed of in a safe and controlled manner. Only around 17.5 percent (record) as recycled in
2019.
【答案】was recorded
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：世界上大部分电子垃圾都不会被回收、再利用，甚至不会以
安全可控的方式处理。2019年，只有约17.5%的垃圾被回收。主语17.5 percent (of electronic waste)和动词
record之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in 2019可知，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，
故填was recorded。
18．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Suzhou, considered by the Italian explorer Marco Polo in the 13th century
as “the Venice of the East”, became a sister city to Venice in 1980, and since then multiple activities of mutual
historical and cultural exchange (carry) forward.
【答案】have been carried
【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：苏州，13世纪被意大利探险家马可波罗誉为“东方威尼斯”
的苏州，于1980年与威尼斯成为友好城市，此后开展了多项历史文化交流活动。根据since then可知，此
处应用现在完成时。动词短语carry forward意为“开展”，和主语构成被动关系。故填have been carried。
19．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）So far, through the remote video monitoring system and the use of BDS and
other equipment, the intelligent and informationbased threedimension system of the “sky and ground” forbiodiversity protection (establish).
【答案】has been established
【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：目前，通过远程视频监控系统和北斗系统等设备的使用，已
经建立起生物多样性保护“天地一体”的智能化、信息化立体体系。主语system和动词establish之间是被
动关系，根据时间状语So far可知句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填has been
established。
20．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Breathing dirty air causes the premature death of at least 1,200 children
across Europe each year. Actually, many thousands more (trouble) with physical and mental
health problems that could have lifelong impacts.
【答案】are troubled
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：呼吸污浊的空气每年导致欧洲至少1200名儿童过早死亡。实际上，
还有成千上万的人受到身心健康问题的困扰，这些问题可能会影响一生。分析句子可知，句子的主语many
thousands more与trouble构成逻辑上的被动关系，且句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语表示人，看
作复数。故填are troubled。
21．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Under the theme of “Chinese language plus arts”, the series
(comprise) of two parts, the first part of which contains four episodes, each featuring one artist.
【答案】is comprised
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：该系列以“中国语言加艺术”为主题，由两部分组成，第一部分包含四集，
每集由一位艺术家主演。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据从句中的谓语动词contains以及全
文主时态可知，该谓语动词使用一般现在时态，与主语之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主
语为单数。故填is comprised。
22．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Inspiring victories for 2,500 years, Sunzi Bingfa or The Art of War
(write) by Chinese legendary military strategist Sun Wu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC).
【答案】was written
【详解】考查动词时态、语态。句意：《孙子兵法》是中国传奇军事家孙武在春秋时期（公元前770-476
年）撰写的，鼓舞了2500年的胜利。根据时间状语during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC)可知，
此处使用一般过去时，Sunzi Bingfa or The Art of War和write为被动关系，需用被动语态；主语为专有名词，
谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was written。
23．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Sanfu usually comes between mid-July and mid-August. It refers to the three
10-day periods in the Chinese lunar calendar and (call) “the dog days of summer” in English.【答案】is called
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：三伏通常在七月中旬到八月中旬之间。它指的是中国农历的三个10天周
期，在英语中被称为“盛夏时节”。分析句子结构，本句为两个句子并列，空白处与前面动词refers并列
作谓语，因空白处与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，又因句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时的
被动语态，且主语it为单数，be动词应用is，故填is called。
24．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Today, sentences from Confucianism (hear) frequently in
speeches or talks given by famous foreign people.
【答案】are heard
【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：今天，在外国名人的演讲或谈话中，经常听到儒家思想
的句子。分析句子可知，主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Today可知应用一般现在时的被动语态，主
语为sentences，谓语动词用复数。故填are heard。
25．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Today, Sunzi Bingfa (study) in military academies and business
schools around the world, and it continues to guide us in various aspects of our lives.
【答案】is studied
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：今天，孙子兵法在世界各地的军事院校和商学院都有学习，并继续
指导着我们生活的各个方面。分析句子可知，空处应填谓语动词，Sunzi Bingfa与study之间是被动关系，
由Today可知此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时的被动语态，由主语Sunzi Bingfa可知谓语应用单数。故
填is studied。
26．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）They were fixed on an iron plate with frames in a certain sequence. Then ink
was painted and a piece of paper was laid down. A printed sheet (create) this way.
【答案】was created
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一张印刷品通过这种方法被制作出来。分析句子可知，空处作
谓语，文章描绘的是过去发生的事情，句子时态宜用一般过去时，create和主语A printed sheet之间是被动
关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词需用was。故填was created。
27．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）The solar terms (create) thousands of years ago to guide
agricultural production. Solar term culture is still useful today to guide people’s lives.
【答案】were created
【详解】考查时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：节气是几千年前为指导农业生产而创造的。节气文化至今仍
对指导人们的生活有用。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语thousands of years ago可知此句陈述过去
的事情，用一般过去时；主语The solar terms与动词create之间为被动关系，此句谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，The solar terms作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填were created。
28．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Today, the modernist complex (stock) with so many art works that
the exhibit arenas can show just a part of them at a time, making the artistic special exhibitions a highlight of any
visit to the Getty.
【答案】is stocked
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如今，这座现代主义建筑群里收藏着如此多的艺术作品，以至于展览场
一次只能展出其中的一部分，这使得艺术特展成为任何参观盖蒂博物馆的亮点。根据句中can show可知，
句子使用一般现在时，stock与主语the modernist complex之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语the
modernist complex是单数，be动词应用is。故填is stocked。
29．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Wudang martial arts based on the Taoist ideology (create) by one of
the most famous Taoists, named Zhang Sanfeng in the early years of the Ming Dynasty.
【答案】were created
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：以道家思想为基础的武当武术，是明初著名的道士张三丰所创。根据时间
状语in the early years of the Ming Dynasty可知，用一般过去时，句中主语Wudang martial arts是复数，和动
词create是被动关系，指武当功夫被创造，在句中作谓语用被动语态。故填一般过去时的被动语态were
created。故填were created。
30．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Maxwell’s worldwide walk wasn’t easy. She heard gunshots while camping in
Turkey and (attack) in her tent in Mongolia. Still, she continued to walk.
【答案】was attacked
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：她在土耳其露营时听到枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里遭
到袭击。句子在描述过去发生的事情，且句子主语she是单数第三人称，和谓语动词attack之间是被动关
系，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态was attacked，故填was attacked。
二、书面表达
（2024·浙江·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
I sat in the breakfast corner with my four-year-old son, Matthew, trying to ignore the ache in my stomach. I
was still recovering from a surgery. I hoped for strength and happiness. But the future seemed so hopeless.
Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor. “Bird!” he shouted, rushing to the sliding door. Sure
enough, there was a white dove seated on a rubber tree. It sat there a few moments, and then flew away. I’d never
seen one in our neighborhood before.When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. This time it was with a mate
carrying twigs (嫩枝), “Look, Matthew,” I said, pointing to the tree. “They’re going to make a nest.” The doves
flew in and out of the courtyard all week, building on the top of the rubber tree. Matthew could hardly contain his
excitement. Every morning, he’d run into the kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door, talking to the birds
while they worked. As much as I was grieving (感到悲伤), I couldn’t help but look forward to the doves’ visits too.
We watched their progress as if it were a real-life soap opera unfolding before us. Gradually, my pain disappeared,
replaced by joy.
Then it all went wrong. The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest, but the rubber tree’s broad, thin
leaves were far from stable. One night, a strong wind blew through, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground. I heard
the twigs break apart. Nothing good ever lasts. I wouldn’t blame the doves if they never came back. But they
returned. And they paid no attention to the pi le of sticks that had once been their nest. They started again from
scratch, though the wind destroyed all their hard work. The next day, and the next, they renewed their efforts, as if
nothing had happened.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右：
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: I knew I had to do something for the poor creatures.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:“The birds were back!” Matthew announced.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I knew I had to do something for the poor creatures. Their adversity stirred something within me. I was
going to help them instead of just watching the doves persistently build their nest. Before the time when the dovesusually made their visits, I looked through the garage for an old piece of shelving. By means of a ladder, I
successfully hammered the shelving into the wall next to the rubber tree. Covered with some leaves, it looked like
part of the tree. Then Matthew and I stood by the door, waiting and hoping.
“The birds were back!” Matthew announced. To our delight, they seemed to approve of the new platform
and began rebuilding their nest. Matthew’s eyes lit up with joy, and I felt warmth surging through my heart. As the
doves persevered, so did we. Their unwavering determination had become a source of inspiration for us, reminding
us that setbacks were not the end, but an opportunity for a new beginning. In their brief existence, the doves had
taught us a profound lesson about resilience and hope, one that would stick in our mind for a long time to come.
【导语】本文通过作者和儿子Matthew的视角，讲述了一个关于希望、恢复和坚韧的故事。作者在手术后
的恢复过程中，与儿子一起观察一对鸽子在自家庭院的橡胶树上筑巢，从而找到了力量和快乐。尽管鸽子
的巢被风吹落，但它们不屈不挠地重新开始，这激励了作者和儿子，教会了他们关于韧性和希望的深刻教
训。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
① 由第一段首句内容“我知道我必须为这些可怜的生物做点什么。”可知，第一段可以描写作者决定采
取行动帮助鸽子，与儿子一起改善它们的筑巢环境。
② 由第二段首句内容“Matthew宣布：‘小鸟们回来啦！’”可知，第二段可以描写鸽子返回并开始在新
的平台上筑巢，作者和儿子对此感到高兴和受到鼓舞。
2. 续写线索：观察鸽子——决定帮助——改善环境——鸽子返回——重建巢穴——感悟与启发
3. 词汇激活
行为类
① 激发：stir/inspire/motivate
② 帮助：help/lend a helping hand to
③ 浏览：scan/look through
④ 坚持：persevere/persist
情绪类
① 感动的：moved/inspired/touched
② 让人高兴地是：to our delight/to our content
③ 开心：light up with joy/brighten with happiness
④ 心里一暖：warmth surging through my heart/happiness flowing inside me
【点睛】【高分句型1】Covered with some leaves, it looked like part of the tree.（过去分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Their unwavering determination had become a source of inspiration for us, reminding us thatsetbacks were not the end, but an opportunity for a new beginning.（现在分词作状语）
