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必修三 Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations
Part 1 单元语法讲义-- V-ing作定语和表语
Part 2 读后续写素材--30句万能模版
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
Part 1 单元语法讲义-- V-ing作定语和表语
一、动词ing基本概念
一）动词ing的基本意义
现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生；
现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前；
Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.
在街上走着，他听到有人叫他。
Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
我们几乎花光了所有的钱，没有钱住宾馆了。
现在分词的主动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的执行者；
Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的住址，我们无法和她取得联系。
Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate
among citizens.
近来，一个把两家不同超市里的相同商品的价格做比较的调查引发了市民的激烈讨论。
现在分词的被动形式表示逻辑主语是现在分词动作的承受者；
The area being studied is called an archeological site.
正在被研究的那个地方被称作考古地。
Having been asked to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.
那天晚上我因被要求加班而错过了一场好看的电影。
The houses being built are for the teachers.
正在建的那些房子是给老师们的。
二）V-ing形式的逻辑主语
1. 如果作主语的-ing形式需要自己的逻辑主语时，一般用物主代词或名词所有格(即名词后
加"s)。
His father's falling ill worried him greatly.他父亲生病使他很着急。( his father是falling ill 的逻辑主语)
Your coming to work with us will be a great encouragement.你来和我们]一道工作，对我们是很大的鼓舞。
(your 是coming to work with的逻辑主语)
2. -ing形式作宾语时，其逻辑主语常是句子中的主语。如要明确动作的执行者，也可以在 ing
形式前加上名词或代词表示逻辑主语。I can't imagine John's giving a speech in front of so many我不能想像约翰会在这么多人前面发言。(John
是giving a speech的逻辑主语)
The boss understood him/his wanting to leave. 都板明白他为什么要离职。(“他”是wanting to leave逻
辑主语)
二、动词ing作定语
1. 单独作定语，常放在被修饰的名词之前。
touching story /coming week /skilled worker / armed forces / boiled water
Barking dogs seldom bite. 乱叫的狗不咬人。
但某些V-ing（如concerned关切的/有关的，used旧的/用过的，given特定的/给予的，involved复杂的/涉及
的）置于名词前后其意义不同。
☛a concerned look/the students concerned/
☛a used car/the textbook used.
2. V-ing作定语，分词应放在被修饰的名词之后；表示正在进行的动作时,变为从句时要用进行时态和表示
经常性的动作或现在的状态时，变为从句时要用一般时态；同被修辞的词（先行词）有逻辑上的主谓关系，
在意义上相当于一个主动语态的定语从句。
☛Who is the man standing （= who is standing） by the door?
站在门边的人是谁。
☛They built a highway leading （= that/which leads） into the mountains.
一条通往山里的高速路。
3.V-ing作定语时，分词应放在被修饰的名词之后；表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前/不确定；同被修辞的
词（先行词）有逻辑上的动宾关系，在意义上相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
☛The meeting held（=that/which was held） last week is very important.
上周举行的回忆是非常重要的。
4. 其他应注意：
① 若表示的动作此刻正在进行或同时进行，可用被动语态的进行时态（现在分词的被动语态）表示。
☛We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.我们必须保守正在讨论的事情。
② 若表示的是一个未来的动作，可用不定式的被动语态表示。
Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting. 请告诉我在下次会议上讨论的主题。
③ V-ing还可作非限制性定语（相当于非限制性定语从句），此时须和句子的其他部分用逗号隔开，试比
较：
☛All my brothers living in Shanghai are scientists.=All my brothers, living in Shanghai, are scientists.居住在上海的所有兄弟是科学家。
④ V-ing短语作定语时，表示的动作不能先于谓语动作，也不可表示将来；一般不用现在分词的完成式作
定语，故下列句子是错的：
☛Here is Mr. Li coming from Beijing. （应改为who has come from Beijing）
他是来自北京的李先生。
☛Those having finished their work can go home now. （应改为who have finished）
已经完成家庭作业的现在可以回家。
⑤ 系动词的-ing形式不可用作后置定语，此时要用从句来表示。
☛Those being busy don’t have to go. （应改为Those who are busy don’t have to go.）
正在忙的人不必离开。
⑥ 不及物动词的V-ing不可用作后置定语，若要表示这个意思要用从句。
☛The lion died in this zoo the other day was a mother lion. （应改为which/that died）
前天死在公园的狮子是头母狮。
三、动词ing作表语
（1）V-ing 作表语用来解释说明主语的内容。
☛Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是建房子。
（2）V-ing与不定式作表语的区别：
V-ing作表语表示抽象的行为,习惯；不定式作表语表示具体的特别是动作。
☛My favourite sport is swimming.
☞Our job is playing all kinds of music.
我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。
☞His ambition is to go to Harvard University.
他的梦想就是上哈佛大学。
Part 2 读后续写素材--30句万能模版
一）第一段万能10句
1. Fixing my eyes on it, I was overwhelmed by mixed feelings.
紧盯着它，我被复杂的感觉淹没。
2. Hearing that, sb failed to utter a single word, totally amazed.
听到这，某人说不出话，全是惊讶。
3. Thinking about the situation, I was fully aware that immediate action should be taken.
考虑到当时的情况，我完全意识到应该立即采取行动。
4. Reflecting on what had happened, I had a moment of enlightenment.回想发生的一切，我顿时恍然大悟。
5. Thinking for a while, she came to realize what happened and what to do.
思考了一会儿，她意识到发生了什么以及该怎么做。
6. Inspired, he collected himself and made a quick decision.
到鼓舞，他振作起来，迅速做出了决定。
7. Plucking up courage, he made up his mind to address the challenge.
鼓起勇气，他下定决心迎接挑战。
8.Without delay,she began to take action.毫不拖廷，,她开始采取行动。
9.Raising her head, she rose to her feet. 抬起头，她站了起来。(积极)
10.Dropping her head, she bit her lips hard.低下头,她狠狠地咬了咬嘴唇。(消极)
二）中间连接10句
1. It occurred all of a sudden, catching him unprepared.
事情发生得很突然，让他措手不及。
2. Time slipped away like flowing water.时间如流水般溜走。
3.Things began to turn around.事情开始好转。
4. An idea hit him like lightning.一个想法像闪电一样击中了他。
5. It was then that an idea came into my mind.
就在那时，一个想法出现在我的脑海中。
4. It was not long before I came up with an idea.没多久,我就想出了一个主意。
5. My heart beat with determination.我的心因决心而跳动。(情绪)
6. Bitter tears streamed down her cheeks.(情绪)苦涩泪水顺着脸颊流下来。
9. Her mother's words melted the softest place in her heart.(情绪)
她妈妈的话融化了她心中最柔软之处。
10.Gradually, his astonishment gave way to understanding.(情绪)
他的惊讶让路于理解。
三）第二段万能10句
1. After what seemed like ages, he struggled and managed to make it.
仿佛过了几世纪，他奋力并成功。
2. It was not long before things began to turn around.没过多久,事情就开始出现转机。
3. Approaching her son, she bent down and gathered him into her arms.
走近儿子，她弯下腰，把他抱在怀里。4. Making her way to her parents, she threw herself into their arms.
她走到父母身边，扑进他们的怀抱，
5. Moved to tears, she couldn't contain her emotions.
感动到流泪，她无法控制自己的情绪。
6. Catching sight of the scene, I was deeply touched, warmth welling up inside me.
看到这一幕，我深受感动，温暖涌上心头。
1. Suddenly, I felt a wave of warmth melting the softest place in my heart.我感到一股暖流融化了心中最柔软的
地方。
8. Gratitude surrounded him like a beam of sunlight. throwing him into a sea of kindness and warmth.
感激之情像一柬阳光包围着他，把他扔进了善意和温暖的海洋。
9. Sparing no effort, he struggled and endeavored, instead of giving way to obstacles.不遗余力地，他奋斗和努
力，而不是向困难障碍让步
10. With sunlight falling on her, she closed her eyes to feel the warmth, embrace the moment and enjoy a sense of
achievement and pride.阳光洒在身上，她闭眼感受温暖，拥抱当下，享受成就感和自豪感。
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
一、单句语法填空
1.【2024届安徽省皖江名校联盟高三下学期二模】China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile
subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite 1 (test) 6G architecture, marking a
milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology.
2.【2024届安徽省皖江名校联盟高三下学期二模】The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports
in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions and automated management, 5
(enhance) the efficiency and reliability of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said.
3.【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】The earliest written record of
noodles is found in a book dating back to the Eastern Han period (25-220). Noodles 11 (make) from wheat
became a famous food for the people.
4.【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】The first concrete information on
pasta products in Italy dates back to the Etruscan civilization, the Testaroli. The first noodles appear much later, in
the 13th or 14th centuries, and there is 18 popular legend about Marco Polo 19 (bring) the first
pasta back from China. Modern historians do not give much credibility to the story and rather believe the first
noodles were imported earlier from the Arabs.
5.【2024届江苏省南通市高三下学期四模】In a typical shadow play performance, puppets are held behind ascreen, with light cast onto the screen 26 (create) shadowy images that tell a story. The themes and
characters 27 (feature) in shadow play performances vary widely depending on the cultural context.
6.【2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学、浙江省杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考高三下学期模拟】
According to Kian Lam Kho, the author of Chinese food blog Red Cook, a group of Chinese chefs are said 32
(train) in both Hunan and Sichuan Cuisines in 1945.
7.【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】People share park experiences, post photos 5 (take)in
parks, and offer recommendations and reviews about parks.
8.【2024届江苏省苏州市八校联考高三下学期三模】The leaves were steamed, oxidized (氧化) and pounded
into cake form. This made tea easier 13 (transport) and more pleasing to the tongue. The earliest batch (批
次) of tea is often ready to be picked before Qingming. This precious small output of tea, widely 14 (seek)
after for its outstanding quality, is called Mingqian tea.
9.【2024届江苏省苏州市八校联考高三下学期三模】In spring, local hillsides are filled with tea workers 17
(sow) seeds on their land.
10.【2024届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5月模拟联考】Under her influence and persuasion, Jiang Xi’s
older brother Jiang Nan also became a vlogger of Baduanjin. 25 (live) in different cities, the siblings (兄
弟) have found new kinship ties in Baduanjin.
11.【河南省部分重点高中 2023-2024学年高三下学期 5月联考】If the emperor didn’t like it, the advisors
could claim that the riddle had been interpreted incorrectly, thus 36 (avoid) his wrath (愤怒). Today’s
lantern riddles are still difficult 37 (guess). So difficult, in fact, that they’re referred to as “lantern tigers”
and guessing lantern riddles is sometimes referred to as “guessing lantern tigers”.
12.【2024届河南省部分重点高中高三毕业班5月份大联考】In today’s urban centers, traffic jam is a common
sight, characterized by long lines of vehicles 1 (inch) along the roadways. Many commuters experience
fatigue from spending hours behind the wheel, navigating through winding streets.
Due to the congestion, it’s easy to become disillusioned with the daily grind.(日常琐事) However, there’s
hope in the form of nation-driven initiatives 2 (aim) at easing the pressure on both the roads.
One such initiative is the promotion of alternative modes of transportation through campaigns that highlight
the benefits of walking, cycling, and 3 (use) public transportation instead of private cars.stresses the fact
that the exaggeration of the benefits of private vehicle usage should be examined critically.
13.【2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期五月模拟】It goes that monk named Li
Tian created fireworks around 1400 years ago by packing gunpowder into bamboo tubes 13 (scare) off evilspirits.
14.【2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期五月模拟】The single biggest firework
shell ever shot was part of a 2020 winter-carnival display in Colorado, US. 16 (weigh) 1268 kilograms, it
rose more than a kilometre into the sky 17 bursting, turning the night sky red.
15.【2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期五月模拟】An even greener alternative
recently 20 (adopt) is using drones to trace flashy patterns in the sky. The future of fireworks, like so
much else, may be robotic.
16.【2024 届湖南省邵阳市高三下学期第三次联考】Over time, the number of beads increased, 24
(lead) to the seven-bead abacus from its five-bead predecessor to adapt to the hexadecimal system.
17.【2024届湖南省邵阳市高三下学期第三次联考】A typical abacus is mostly made of wood and consists of a
series of beads 26 (arrange) in a rectangular wooden frame. A crossbeam in the middle divides the
beads into two parts. Each bead in the upper half represents five, and each bead in the lower half represents one.
Each string of beads represents the values of ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, and tens of thousands from right to
left.
As it was simple to make, affordable, and easy 27 (use), the abacus was widely used in China,
from where it gradually spread to countries and regions such as Korea, the U.S. and Southeast Asia.
18.【2024 届炎德英才联考湖南省雅礼中学模拟】The show’s emphasis on authenticity and 36
(competitive) ensures an experience that is both immersive and engaging, 37 (reshape) conventional
perceptions of music competitions.
19.【2024届河北省衡水市部分示范性高中高三下学期三模】The practice, also known as scraping and coining,
is 6 form of traditional Chinese massage (按摩) that uses a small and flat tool to scrape the surface of
skin along the meridians, 7 (leave) red bruising as a sign of released toxins.
20.【2024届黑龙江省部分学校高三下学期第五次模拟】 12 (adapt) from writer Jin Yucheng's award-
winning novel, Fan Hua (Blossoms),the series takes audience back to Shanghai in the early 1990s, following the
rise of A Bao, a young man who is 13 (ambition) and seizes the opportunities of the early stock market
and transforms into a self-made millionaire, 14 (expand) his business to foreign trade.
21.【2024届湖北省新高考协作体高三下学期三模联考】 22 (cover) an area of 3.6 square kilometers,
Huangyao boasts typical karst landscapes and abundant water resources.
22.【2024 届湖北省新高考协作体高三下学期三模联考】But you can always stay longer 30
(experience)more of its local hospitality and culture.23.【2024届贵州省部分学校高三下学期5月份联考】The stories 6 (tell) through Chinese opera are
often drawn from historical events, legends and folklore. These narratives not only entertain but also educate, 7
(pass) down cultural values and moral lessons from generation to generation.
24.【2024届东北三省四校高三下学期第四次模拟】The main structure of the chariot has likely rotted (腐烂)
away after 12 (spend) more than 2,000 years in the ground but researchers did find a row of six sheep
skeletons (骨架) wearing attachments used for pulling a chariot, so they 13 (infer) this was a sheep-
drawn chariot.
25.【2024届东北三省四校高三下学期第四次模拟】The founder of the Western Jin Dynasty, Emperor Wu, or
Sima Yan, who ruled from 266 to 290CE, is said 15 (ride) in a sheep-drawn carriage around his palace
complex every night and would sleep wherever the sheep stopped.
26.【2024届东北三省四校高三下学期第四次模拟】In addition to the six-sheep chariot, scientists unearthed a
four-wheeled 17 (wood) chariot, probably drawn by horses, 18 (equip) with a fancy
umbrella.
27.【2024届浙江省北斗星盟高三下学期5月阶段性考试】An early attempt 22 (find) a technological
breakthrough for high speed rail travel in China was the Shanghai Maglev (磁悬浮列车), which opened to the
public in 2004．
28.【2024届浙江省北斗星盟高三下学期 5月阶段性考试】As the first 23 (commerce) magnetic-
levitation train in the world, it connects Shanghai’s Pudong International Airport with the Shanghai subway system,
24 (travel) a distance of 30 kilometers in 8 minutes.
29.【2024届山东省青岛市高三三模】Lhasa, the second most populous urban area on the Tibetan Plateau, has
been the administrative capital of Tibet since the mid-17th century. If you’ve ever had the chance 31
(visit) it, there are many places you.
30.【2024届山东省青岛市高三三模】It stands as one of the most appealing sites in Tibet as it 34
(house) the statue of Shakyamuni Buddha that’s more than 2, 500 years old, with tons of people 35
(look) around. The temple surroundings have become quite commercialized over the years.
（2024·安徽合肥·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
Sharing New Year with Strangers
I come from a large multicultural family, spread out across the globe. Despite being found in distant corners
of the world, we’re a tight-knit family that makes an effort to stay close and keep in touch. New Year has alwaysbeen a special time for us and a chance for us all to come together, no matter where in the world we might be.
My aunt Samantha, known affectionately by everyone in the family as Mantha, loved New Year and always
went out of her way to make it cosy and magical for everyone around her. Mantha was kind, fun and full of energy
so it wasn’t hard to get into the New Year spirit when she was around.
This year was no exception. Mantha drove three hours from her house in Bournemouth to visit everyone two
weeks before New Year and to drop off presents to her friends still in the area. We chatted merrily about our plans,
laughed at how organized Mantha was — presents already bought and wrapped and the freezer full ahead of the big
day — and kissed goodbye when it was time to leave. So just several days before New Year, when Mantha’s son
called us saying Samantha had passed away suddenly at home, none of us could quite believe it. I’d only been
messaging her the day before, sharing voice notes like we always liked to do.
Mantha had had a blood clot (血块) that had unfortunately travelled to her lung and despite the paramedic’s
best efforts, they were unable to save my beloved, fun, wonderful aunt.
So close to New Year, none of us felt like celebrating and we decided we’d have a quiet day at home,
surrounded by family. The silence lasted until my sister-in-law, Vera, told us about some colleagues of hers who’d
just arrived in the UK far away from friends and family. And they were eager to experience a proper English New
Year.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 开头已给出。
Paragraph 1:
Hearing this, we were in a dilemma.
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Paragraph 2:
When the day finally came, we welcomed them into our house.
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