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必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues
Part 1 单元语法讲义-- V-ing作宾补和状语
Part 2 读后续写素材--读后续写16大提分句式
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
Part 1 单元语法讲义-- V-ing作宾补和状语
一、动词ing作补语
1．感官动词(词组)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的宾语补足语有四种形式，
以see为例：
☞I saw him leave a few minutes ago.
我看见他几分钟前离开了。
☞To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地找机会听英语。
2.使役动词make，let，have，get后加复合宾语的情况
The teacher raised his voice in order to make himself heard.那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。
☞Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.
让那些需要(帮助)的人明白我们会尽全力去帮他们。☞He had the fire burning all night.他让火燃烧了一夜。易混辨析
(1)现在分词作补足语
由延续性动词转化而来的现在分词作补足语，表示过程的一部分；而由瞬间性动词转化而来的现在分词
作宾语补足语，表示动作的反复。
☞I heard her singing when I passed by her room.
我路过她房间时，听到她正在唱歌。(动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者)
☞I found the topic being discussed everywhere then.
那时我发现人们在到处谈论这个话题。(动作正在进行，宾语是动作的承受者)
☞Are you listening to them quarrelling？
你在听他们吵架吗？(动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者)
☞His remarks set me thinking.
他的话引起了我的深思。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者)
☞The explosion sent us running in all directions.
那次爆炸把我们吓得东奔西逃。 (动作正在进行，宾语是动作的发出者)
(2)不定式作补语
①不定式作补语，表示动作的全过程或者是动作已经结束。
☞Did you notice him leave the house？你看到他离开房间了吗？
☞I heard her say so.我听见她是这么说的。
②某些动词短语后面接不定式作宾语补足语。此类短语有：call on，rely on，depend on，wait for，long
for，vote for等。
☞You can depend on her to be late.可以担保她必定迟到。
☞We are longing for the holiday to come.我们渴望着假日的到来。
③动词think，consider，believe，find，feel，know，guess，prove，suppose，imagine等词后面，常接＂to
be＋形容词(名词或反身代词)＂结构。
☞He’s thought to be one of the richest men in Europe.
人们认为他是欧洲最大的富翁之一。
☞Imagine yourself(to be)rich and famous.想象一下你又有钱，又有名的情况。
☞He tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.他试图使他的工作在医学界被认可。
二、动词ing作状语
(1)作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。
☞Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful.
从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。
(2)若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成形式(having done)。
☞Having cleaned the desks，we began reading.擦完桌子后，我们便开始看书。
(3)若与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生，用现在分词完成式的被动形式(having
been done)。
☞Having been shown the classrooms，we were taken to see the library.
我们被领着看了教室后，又被带去看图书馆。
【知识拓展】
1. 现在分词与过去分词作状语在＂逻辑＂方面的差异：
过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间通常构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
☞Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
☞Not knowing what to do，he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
2. 现在分词与过去分词作状语在＂时间＂方面的差异：
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示一种状态，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分
词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行；现在分词的完成式(having done)表示发
生在谓语动作之前的一个＂主动＂动作；现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动
作之前的一个＂被动＂动作，常常和表示次数的短语以及时间段(for短语)连用，此时不能被过去分词所替
换。在其他情况下通常被过去分词所替换，从而使句式更简洁。
☞Written in a hurry，this article was not so good！因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好！
☞Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的
东西。
☞Having been discussed several times，the decision was finally made.进行了几次讨论之后，终于作出了决定。
部分过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示 ＂被动关系＂，其前不用 being。这样的过去分词及短
语常见的有：lost(陷入某种状态)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(驻扎)；lost/absorbed in (沉溺于)；
dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)等。
☞Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，he didn’t hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
☞Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。
注意：
分词(短语) 作状语时，其逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致；否则分词(短语)就要有自己的逻辑主语
(用名词或代词的主格来表示)。这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构常放在句首。表示时间、条
件、原因时，其作用分别相当于一个时间、条件、原因状语从句。表示伴随方式时，相当于一个并列句。☞The signal given，the bus started.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。
☞The football match(being) over，crowds of people poured out into the street.
足球赛一结束，人群便涌到大街上。
一、Part 2 读后续写素材--读后续写16大提分句式
句式1：With +复合结构”又称为“with结构”
At the thought of the fact that she didn’t have lucky spikes, she felt more anxious with her heart beating
fast and her feet sweating.一想到自己没有幸运的钉子，她就更加焦虑，心跳加速，脚出汗。
Thrilled and joyful, Jodie hugged her teammates tightly with tears rolling down her face.Jodie 激动而高
兴，紧紧地拥抱着队友，泪水从脸上滑落。
1. 那女孩张大了嘴巴，打开了她的礼物盒。(with +宾语+adj.open)
2. 女孩心怦怦直跳（beat wildly），打开（unwrap）了她的礼物盒。(with +宾语+分词)
3. 他的妻子伤心极了，眼里满是泪水（full of tears/filled with tears）
4. 那个人躺在地上，双手颤抖着。（on the ground, tremble）
The girl unwrapped the gift box with her mouth wide open.
The girl unwrapped the gift box with her heart beating wildly.
His wife was extremely sad, with eyes full of tears / with tears rolling down her face
句式2 ：并列谓语，细化动作 A, B and C
When the announcer said “Next up is the girls’ 100-meter hurdles”, Jodie took a deep breath and
walked to the starting line slowly.当播音员说“接下来是女子100米栏”时，朱迪深吸一口气，慢慢地
走到起跑线上。
句式3 ：句子+ing/ed或ing/ed+句子用于表示动作伴随，原因或结果
Jodie wore her brand-new spikes, waiting for her turn nervously and anxiously. Jodie穿着她崭新的钉
子，紧张不安地等待着轮到她。句式4 巧用生动的无灵主语： A strong/intense sense of delight took hold of me the moment I heard the
news.
Relieved(=breathing a sigh of relief), Eric thanked the man and switched the frequency back, “Mac, help
is coming!” But there was no response.埃里克松了一口气，向那个人表示感谢，并将频率调回，“麦
克，救命来了！”但没有回应。
句式5 ：情感形容词+句子
Thrilled and joyful, Jodie hugged her teammates tightly with tears rolling down her face.Jodie 激动而高
兴，紧紧地拥抱着队友，泪水从脸上滑落。
句式6：巧用时间状语，表达情节
After what seemed like a century, Eric heard another voice. It was Slide Mountain Rescue who finally
came!好像经历了一个世纪之后，埃里克听到了另一个声音。终于来了，是雪山救援队！
句式7：. “一……就……”的表达法：as soon as, hardly/scarcely…when…, no sooner… than…, the
moment/minute/second/instant, immediately/instantly/directly, on/upon+n.doing。
The moment the announcer announced “Number 11, Jodie Nymble, takes the gold for Riverside Middle
School”,thunderous cheers and laughter filled the Hidden Park. 当播音员宣布“11号，Jodie Nymble，
为Riverside Middle School夺金”的那一刻,雷鸣般的欢呼和笑声充满了 Hidden Park.
句式8：巧用“某人想到”:
At the thought of the fact that she didn’t have lucky spikes, she felt more anxious with her heart beating
fast and her feet sweating.一想到自己没有幸运的钉子，她就更加焦虑，心跳加速，脚出汗。句式9 ：主句，which从句（定语从句）
格式：_______主句________，which 第二句话；
例句：玛丽打开门看到了小女孩，她有着令她熟悉的眼睛和黑色的头发。Mary opened the door and
saw the little girl，who had familiar eyes and black hair.
结构2：格式：_______主句________，which enable/ forced/ allowed sb to do；_______主句
________，which made/forced/allowed sb 感情词
例句：就在这时，我们听到了Uncle Paul远处传来的微弱声音，这重新点燃了我们回家的希望。
Just at the moment, we heard the faint voice in the distance from Uncle Paul, which allowed us to light
the hope returning home.
句式10 ：描写气氛或者氛围的句子。（情感词+ fill +地点）
Worry and anxiety filled the air.空气中弥漫着忧虑和焦虑。
句式11：关于情感句子的积累：(表达情感的形容词+动作具体描写)，用so…that
Jodie was so excited and refreshed that she yelled out “My lucky spikes”.朱迪非常兴奋，神清气爽，她
大叫“我的幸运钉”。
1.兴奋：I was so excited/thrilled that I gave a jump in the air.我动得跳了起来
2.开心：I was so happy/cheerful that I jumped up and down.我高兴得上跑下跳
3.感动：I was so moved that I failed to say a word.我感动得一句话也说不出来
4.悲伤：I was so sad that I hid my face in my hands.我难受得用手捂住了脸。
5.(生气)I was so angry that I failed to say a word.我气得一句话也说不出。
6.（害怕） I was so scared/frightened that my palms sweated and my heart pounded.我害怕得手心汗，
心怦怦直跳。
7.（羞愧） I was so ashamed that I could feel my face burning.我羞愧得感觉自己的脸在燃烧。
升级：倒装
So shocked was I that I was frozen to the spot the moment I heard the news.(当我听到消息时候，我太震
惊了以至于呆在原地)
句式12：副词修饰动词或句子
（1）Jodie wore her brand-new spikes, waiting for her turn nervously and anxiously. Jodie穿着她崭新的
钉子，紧张不安地等待着轮到她。
（2）When the announcer said “Next up is the girls’ 100-meter hurdles”, Jodie took a deep breath and
walked to the starting line slowly.当播音员说“接下来是女子100米栏”时，朱迪深吸一口气，慢慢地
走到起跑线上。（3）Thrilled and joyful, Jodie hugged her teammates tightly with tears rolling down her face.Jodie.激动
而高兴，紧紧地拥抱着队友，泪水从脸上滑落。
句式13：倒装或强调
Not until then did Jodie realize that luck would always favor her as long as she spared no effort to do it.
直到那时，朱迪才意识到，只要她不遗余力地去做，运气总是会眷顾她。
My teacher’s encouraging words still echoed/ lingered/ rang out in my ears, bringing me a glimmer/ ray/
beam of hope.
It was my mother who taught us to hold a positive attitude to life.是我的妈妈一直教导我们要对困难保持
乐观的态度。
It was love that makes the world go around.正是爱让/使这个世界运转起来
She said that it was my company and encouragement that not only made her happy but also improved her
confidence.(她说正是我的陪伴和鼓励不仅使我快乐而且提高了我的信心）
句式14：独立主格结构
She took money with shaking hands, tears welling up in her eyes.
句式15：名词性从句
主语从句
结构1：It is +adj for sb that…
结构2：what I could do/say/… is to
what (counts/matters/impress me) most is that … =it is important that…
What make me anxious is that >>>>
功能：用于突出某个动作的重要或必须
应用位置：不限
例句1：我们能做的就是慢慢沿着原路回去。
What we could do was to go back along the previous track.
例句2：我所看到的与我过去所经历的任何事情完全不同。What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.
句式16：毫不犹豫/迫不及待做某事
1. Without delay/ hesitation/ a second thought
2. Could not/ hardly wait to do sth
【例句】
1. 在一个下雪的冬天早上，水冰冷刺骨，但那个年轻人毫不犹豫/迟疑地跳进水里，伸手去够我儿子。
Ona snowy winter morning with the freezing/ bitterly cold water, the young man jumped into the river
without delay/ hesitation/ a second thought, reaching for my son.
2. 我迫不及待地想把这个好消息告诉妈妈。
I could hardly wait to inform my mother of this good news.
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
一、单句语法填空
1.（2024·四川成都·模拟预测）Among the numerous bronze statues there, this giant standing bronze figure,
_________(measure) 260.8 centimeters in height, is the “highest” ruler.
2.（2024·内蒙古·三模）“Sponges become bigger and bigger over time; another fossil piece (date)
back to around 300 million years ago was also recently discovered in Ireland, for example.
3.（23-24高三·四川泸州·阶段练习）With its (fascinate) history, cultures and customs brought back
to the island by overseas Chinese, the atmosphere of Haikou is more than worth experiencing.
4.（2024·辽宁大连·一模）While solving various criminal cases in different places where he serves during the
early stages of his career, Dee also uncovers the mystery ______ (surround) his own birth.
6.（2024高三·北京·专题练习）She called for action to address the struggles of people around the world
(face) “too little water or too dirty water”.
7.（2024·四川成都·模拟预测）No matter where I get them, one is rarely enough, but two or three might be too
much, so I am always left (look) forward to my next spring roll experience.
8.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Horses, dragons, the Monkey King from Chinese legend, skeletons—you
probably wouldn’t expect to see this collection of animals and pop cultural icons (fly) together in the sky,
but this spectacle happens every year in Weifang, the “World Kite Capital” in Shandong Province.
9.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Rescuers found the scared child (stand) in some vines and bushes in
the jungle, so they immediately picked the child up and rushed back to the worried family.
10.（23-24高三·河北石家庄·开学考试）I saw your brother (dig) a hole in the garden when I
passed by just now.11.（2024高三·河北石家庄·模拟）With my car （repair）now, I have to go to work by bus or by bike
this week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12.（23-24高三·福建·期末）Once entering the room, people will see a rose-colored silk curtain
(hang) on the wall over the fireplace.
13.（23-24高三·福建·期末）Notably, the free-form roof imitates the free-flowing lines of nature, gracefully
(invite) the green landscape into the private space.
14.（2024·湖南·二模）The show’s emphasis on authenticity and competitivenessensures an experience that is
both immersive and engaging, (reshape) conventional perceptions of music competitions.
15.（2024·湖南衡阳·模拟预测）The gala was also aired in about 200 countries in 68 languages, ___
(receive) warm feedback.
16.（2024·山西太原·一模）In Shiji, a 2, 000-year-old Chinese history book, the emperor’s mother dreamed of a
dragon lying on her body, ______ (predict) the birth of a future emperor.
17.（2024·湖北武汉·三模） (weigh) 1268 kilograms, it rose more than a kilometre into the sky before
bursting, turning the night sky red.
18.（2024·湖北黄冈·模拟预测）The colors are formed as the river erodes and dissolves the sandstone and
mudstone, (draw) abstract pictures on the land.
19.（2024·山东·一模）Many tourism officials are using techniques to promote cultural tourism, (leave)
netizens screaming in amusement. Shifting from online hype (炒作) to offline engagement, tourism authorities in
other provinces also compete for tourists.
20.（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）This allows for a full range of motion, (reflect) the traditional
need for both beauty and usefulness in Chinese clothing.
21.（2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测）Painstakingly constructed, each artwork opens out like the bellows (风箱) of
an accordion(手风琴), (reveal) a beautiful honeycomb pattern hidden between each layer.
22.（2024·安徽合肥·模拟预测）Combining pieces of wood together, (use) nothing more than the wood
itself, is a basic skill of all carpenters (木匠) in ancient China.
23.（2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测）These exceptional 3D paper sculptures are vivid and (fascinate),
showcasing Chinese craftsmanship, creativity and innovation.
24.（2024高三·广东珠海·高三模拟）After opening as a commercial port, Shanghai is proud of (have)
the first mechanized(机械化的) production line for chopsticks, which are not only supplied to Zhongnanhai andDiaoyutai State Guesthouse but also presented to foreign friends as gifts.
25.（2024·吉林长春·模拟预测）Despite the past glories, Dehua craftsmen never stop (improve) their
skills.
26.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）I was incredibly fortunate to journey through the cities of Suzhou and Nanjing,
both of which left me fascinated with their true impressiveness and eagerly___ (long) to explore further.
27.（2024高三·湖北·阶段练习） The crew will test equipment, carry out experiments and prepare the station for____
(receive) another two units next year.
28.（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）Evolving from the discovery that (use) stone needles to prick specific
points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms，for thousands of years acupuncture has
become an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine, in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious
coexistence of humans with nature.
29.（2024·重庆·模拟预测）“Donation of these items is more than an exchange of cultural heritage across the
Strait. Cultural communication has always played a crucial role in ____ (strengthen）our links.”
（2024·湖南娄底·一模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
As my mom says, love is simple. There came a time in my life, over two years ago, when I had the desire to
impact someone’s life positively. My friend Kelley told me about a volunteer trip she had taken to Gary, West
Virginia, and it was a life-changing experience. After looking into service opportunities, I signed up to take a
volunteer trip to Gary.
Volunteer trips have become increasingly popular among young people seeking meaningful experiences. They
gain access to a wide range of volunteer projects concerning various fields such as education, environmental
conservation, community development, and more.
When we arrived in Gary, I noticed how different the town was from where I lived. Houses were built on little
hills. There were few stores or restaurants in town; most had closed. You were lucky to find a gas station or grocery
store.
My job was to help build a new school. The work days were long and hot. We awoke at 6 a. m. and worked
through the day in 90 degree heat. There were always encouraging people by my side who helped keep me going.
Anyway, it was an unforgettable experience.
Then last summer, I decided to challenge myself by taking a volunteer trip abroad with some other volunteers
and taking up meaningful volunteer work in a foreign community. My destination was a remote village inHonduras, a country in Central America. I wanted to teach science to the poor children there.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eager to participate, I talked to my parents, but they didn’t say yes at first.
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Then we wasted no time in getting ready for our science teaching.
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