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必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与社会——邻里关爱)
(新高考Ⅰ卷)由于经济衰退，许多家庭都在努力维持生计。Mrs. Meredith是个善
良体贴的人，她拜访贫穷的人，给他们送去食物和药品。在她拜访过一个家庭后，
她把这个家庭的情况告诉给了孩子们，并希望他们去帮助那个叫伯纳德的小男
孩……
精彩范文
When Mrs. Meredith heard of Joh n’s idea ， she thought it was a good one ，
too.When the three siblings called on Bernard and shared the “big” project
with the poor boy ， Bernard’s face lit up, but quickly his excitement
faded.“Thank you for your big box of corn，but I don’t have a single penny to
buy paper bags” Bernard sighed heavily.Smiling shyly，John produced 50
dollars，which was contributed together by Clara and Harry.Excitement returned to
Bernard’s face as he murmured a sincere “thank you” with a trembling voice.,
学习借鉴
1.富有表现力的副词
quickly，heavily，shyly
2.精彩的神情描写
①Bernard’s face lit up but quickly his excitement faded.
②sighed heavily
3.提分高级句式
(1)现在分词短语作状语：
Smiling shyly...
(2)无灵主语句：
①his excitement faded
②Excitement returned to Bernard’s face...
(3)介宾短语作状语：with a trembling voice1.respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应(reply)；回应→response n.回答；答复；
反应
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Greatly surprised by her ________________(respond)，I left with a mixture of
gratitude，humility，respect and shame.(情绪描写)
②She made no response ____________ the principle，which made me boil with
anger.
③___________________________________________________________________
，
I have made some changes in my way of life，which range from transportation to
water saving.
为了响应号召，我在生活方式上做出了一些改变，从交通方式到节水。,
用法归纳——————————————
·respond to 对……做出回应或反应；答复
·in response to 作为对……的答复；作为对……的回应或反应
make a/no response to 对……做出回应/不予回答
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵
Every time I asked him for advice，he would respond to/make a response to me
immediately.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
每当我向他寻求建议时，他总是立即给我回复。
2.appoint vt.任命；委派→appointed adj.约定的；指定的→appointment n.约会；
约定，预约；委任
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①I ________________ (appoint) to take charge of arranging all the activities on that
day.
②由于已经和牙医预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。(道歉信，2021·北京卷)
Because I ___________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ ， I
am terribly sorry for being unable to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed
time.
→___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________，I
am terribly sorry for being unable to accompany you to the bookshop at the appointed
time.(分词短语作状语)
用法归纳——————————————
·appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
·make/have an appointment (with sb) (与某人)约会/预约
keep/break an appointment 守约/违约
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Learning that he was appointed as head of the team，he couldn’t
contain his excitement and danced into the house.(动作＋心理描写)
得知他被任命为队长后，他激动得雀跃着进了家门。
3.scare vt.惊吓；使害怕(frighten) vi.受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的(frightened)；
对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.吓人的(frightening)；恐怖的
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①“I was so ____________(scare) that I hurried home in panic without telling
him，” Adam said，full of guilt.(心理描写)
②After watching a ____________(scare) film in the cinema ， she was scared
____________ walking home alone and therefore，she called a taxi.
③I bowed my head timidly and __________________________________________
_________________________________________________________.(心理描写)
我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。,
用法归纳——————————————
·be scared to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某事
be scared to death 吓得要死·scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 I thought she might be scared too，so I held out one hand to hold
hers，patting her on the back with the other.(动作描写)
我想她可能也害怕了，于是我伸出一只手来握住她的手，另一只手轻轻地拍了拍
她的背。
4.replace vt.接替；取代(substitute)；更换；放回原处
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①As far as I’m concerned，it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them
____________ snacks.
②喜欢并向其他文化学习是好的，但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。
→It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them ， but they can never
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
→It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them ， but they can never
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.,
用法归纳——————————————
·replace...with/by... 用……替换……
replace...as... 取代……而成为……
·take the place of sb＝take sb’s place 代替某人
in place of 代替
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 A sense of strength immediately replaced the fear and anxiety in Jane’s
mind.(心理描写)
一种力量立刻取代了简脑海中的恐惧和焦虑。
5.assist vt.帮助(help，aid)；协助；援助→assistant n.助手；助理→assistance n.帮
助；协助
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school，I do believe that I
am qualified to be your teaching ____________(assist).(申请信)
②When the twins were worried that they couldn’t succeed in making a deliciousMother’s Day breakfast，their father _____________________________________.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________，
the twins made it，and their faces also lit up with a smile.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在
他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，他们的脸上也洋溢着笑容。,
用法归纳——————————————
·assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb with/in sth 在某方面帮助某人
·come/go to one’s assistance 来/去援助某人
with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Seeing more and more leaves falling down on our campus，an idea
flashed through my mind that I would assist the cleaners in picking/to pick leaves
so as to prevent them from scattering all over the campus.
看到越来越多的树叶落在校园里，我的脑海里闪过一个念头，我要帮助清洁工捡
树叶，以防止它们散落在校园里。
6.tear n.眼泪；泪水 vt.(tore，torn，tearing)撕破
以练促学 补全句子
①With all the anger and disappointment exploding in my heart ， I
___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________.(情绪描写)
我满腔的愤怒和失望，终于哭了起来。
②I was heartbroken to see _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________.(心理描写)
看到简泪流满面，我很伤心。
③Hearing their plan，Bernard jumped for joy，
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________.(情绪描写，2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)听到他们的计划，伯纳德高兴得跳了起来，幸福和感激的泪水涌上双眼。,
用法归纳——————————————
·in tears 流着泪；含着泪
burst into tears 突然大哭起来
fight/hold back tears 强忍住泪水
·tear sth apart 撕碎；使分裂
tear sth down 推倒；拆毁(建筑物)
tear sth up 把(纸/布)撕碎
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 When we tear one page from the calendar，it means our life has been
shortened by one day.Therefore，we should enjoy every day to the fullest.
每当我们从日历上撕下一页，就意味着我们的生命又少了一天。因此，我们应该
充分享受每一天。
7.harm n.& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的；不致伤
害的
以练促学 补全句子
①Suddenly ， an idea flashed into her mind.Perhaps
___________________________________________________________________
she moved the mark Grandmother had put in the stocking.
突然，她的脑海里闪出了一个想法。如果她移动了祖母放在长筒袜上的标记，也
许不会有什么坏处。
②We should abandon those bad habits that ________________________________
___________________________________________________________________，
such as littering and wasting energy.(倡议书)
我们应该放弃那些对我们的环境有害的坏习惯，如乱扔垃圾和浪费能源。,
用法归纳——————————————
·harm one’s health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉
·do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害
There is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处
mean no harm 无恶意
·be harmful to... 对……有害
——————————————————————————————佳句背诵 I cupped my hand over the phone，whispering to her that I meant no
harm.(动作描写)
我用手捂住电话，低声告诉她我没有恶意。
8.in memory of作为对……的纪念
以练促学 补全句子
①As chairman of the Students’ Union ， I was appointed
___________________________________________________________________
all the activities during your stay in Tianjin.
作为学生会主席，我被委派负责安排你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。
②A thought suddenly came to her that Darla was not the one
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ ，
but she was.
她突然想到，达拉不是需要安慰的人，但她需要安慰。
③___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ ，
you can draw or write anything related to the Winter Olympics.
就比赛内容而言，你可以画或写任何与冬奥会有关的东西。,
用法归纳——————————————
in honour of 为了向……表示敬意，纪念……
in need of 需要
in charge of 负责，管理
in search of 寻找
in favour of 赞同，支持
in terms of 就……而言
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 An activity themed “Learning from the great role models” is scheduled to
be held by our school this week in memory of the heroes who sacrificed in the
mountain fire.(通知)
为了纪念在山火中牺牲的英雄们，我们学校定于本周举行一场以“向伟大的榜样
学习”为主题的活动。1.句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级
【教材原句】 To a person nothing is more precious than their life...
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了……
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Hard though it is，there is nothing ________ valuable as the sense of achievement
you get from challenging yourself.(主旨升华)
②___________________________________________________________________
taking part in the five-kilometer cross-country running race ，which benefits us
physically and mentally.(报道，2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
没有什么比参加5公里越野比赛更有意义的了，它对我们的身心都有益处。,
用法归纳——————————————
(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构中常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody
等。
(2)含否定词，表最高级意义的其他表达：
·否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
·否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than
·have/had never/not＋ v.-ed＋such＋形容词原级＋名词。
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 “I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！”
the mother responded excitedly.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。
2.句式解读：“见证”的拟人用法
【教材原句】 The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a
key role.
新中国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了关键的作用。
以练促学 补全句子
①___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
and making progress steadily.
接下来的两个星期，两兄弟互相鼓舞，稳步进步。②The old temple _____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
in the past decades.
这座古庙见证了过去的几十年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。,
用法归纳——————————————
·see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作
主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。
·find，witness，say，experience等词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟
人的手法，以增添语言色彩。
——————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Last Sunday witnessed a friendly basketball match in our school，
which is aimed at boosting our teamwork and enriching our campus life.(活动介绍)
上周日，我们学校举行了一场篮球友谊赛，旨在促进我们的团队合作，丰富我们
的校园生活。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效)across the
board.(2022·全国乙卷) ____________
②A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite
led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.(2022·新高
考Ⅰ卷) ____________
③People with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the
sport.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) ____________
2.选出sharp的汉语意思
A.adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的 B.adj.锋利的
C.adj.突然转向的 D.adj.敏锐的
E.adj.尖锐的
①It was not until the moment she got closer that I saw the raspberries held in her
sharp mouth.(2023·浙江1月卷)______
②Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age.(2020·浙江7月卷改编)______
③Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the
town.______
④The car made a sharp turn to the left，which made my car almost crash into
his.______
⑤The Socrates Express is a fun，sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent
simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire，loneliness，and
aging.
(2023·全国甲卷)______
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.As everyone knows，it’s no use crying over ____________ (spill) milk.
2.The students seemed to be expecting another boring and dull lesson，some dropping
their eyes and some ____________(whisper) in the back rows.
3.In the view of the ____________ (retire) teacher ， humor can make one
____________ (energy) in his work，study and life.
4.Their main ____________ (complain) is that the prices of a wide range of daily
goods have risen ____________ (sharp) in the past days.
5.I had intended to buy a gift to congratulate him on his ____________ (marry)，but I
________ (reject).
6.We ____________ (complain) to the travel agency about the terrible service during
the trip the other day.However，no one ______________(respond) until now.
7.As Beijing is the first city ________________ (host) both the Summer and Winter
Games，the 2022 Olympic Torch features a similar design to the 2008 Olympic Torch.
8.After Lincoln ________________(elect) President of the US in 1861，they rented
the house and sold most of their furniture.(2021·浙江6月卷)
9.____________ (bite) by the snake in the bush，Susan was sent back to the camp.
10.You can put the books in the ____________(appoint) place，and other participants
can have free access to them.
练一 单元话题作文(人物介绍——最尊敬的人)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文①当说到我最尊敬的人时，第一个出现在我脑海里的人是我的英语老师张老师。
(the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
②她是一位热情敬业的老师，把我们当作她的孩子一样照顾和教导。(tend，定
语从句)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
③她不仅教学方法灵活，而且不遗余力地帮助我们克服困难。(assist，部分倒装)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
④每当我在学习和生活中遇到问题时，总是她帮助我渡过难关。(carry sb
through，强调句型)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
⑤她在工作上投入了大量的时间，取得了很大的成就，赢得了所有师生的尊敬。
(a great deal，“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
⑥我的英语老师是我最尊敬的人，在我们心目中没有人比她更美丽。(否定词＋
比较级)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
热考话题五 和谐自然类
和谐自然类话题是高考读后续写的热考话题之一。2023年浙江1月卷的主题为
作者救助蜂鸟；2020年浙江1月卷的主题为父母决定给Poppy买一条小狗作伴，帮助Poppy摆脱孤独和想念，传递了人与动物和谐相处的理念。
和谐自然类可以这样构思情节：
第一步：人与动物和谐相处
第二步：主题升华(陪伴、珍爱生命、自然和谐、忠诚等)
构思情节第一步：人与动物和谐相处
1.“I’m going to miss you so much，Poppy，” said the tall，thin teenager.He bent
down to hug his old friend goodbye.(2020·浙江1月卷)
“我会非常想念你的，Poppy，”这个又高又瘦的少年说。他弯下腰去拥抱他的
老朋友道别。
2.Content and joyful，she flew about 2 meters above the ground，turning her head
from side to side as if expressing her gratitude for saving her life to me again.
既满意又高兴，她在距离地面大约两米的空中飞着，头左右转动，似乎再一次向
我表达挽救她生命的感激之情。
3.His parents watched them playing around and smiled with relief—Poppy was back
to her old cheerful self！(2020·浙江1月卷)
他的父母看着他们玩耍，轻松地笑了——Poppy又恢复了她以前快乐的样子！
4.Jonathan still hang out with his friends a lot，but he never leaves his dog at home
alone.He takes his dog wherever he goes.
乔纳森仍然经常和他的朋友们出去玩，但他从不把他的狗独自留在家里。无论去
哪里他都带着他的狗。
[小试身手]
Dad put the box on the ground and opened the top.A shiny little wet nose popped
up.Then two soft paws.Next the box tipped over sideways ， and
①___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
Poppy was amazed.She wagged the tail.She barked with joy.She smiled，her tongue
rolling out as I walked up to the pup.The little pup was not shy
②___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
“That didn’t take long ， ” remarked Mom ，
③___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________in a pleasant game of chase.Dad laughed.(2020·浙江1月卷)
爸爸把盒子放在地上，打开了盖子。一个湿漉漉的发亮的小鼻子突然冒了出来。
然后是两只柔软的爪子。接着盒子翻到一边，一个可爱的小东西出来在地上打滚。
波比很吃惊。她摇了摇尾巴。她高兴地叫了起来。当我走向小狗时，她微笑着伸
出舌头。这只小狗一点也不害羞，立刻围着老狗跳来跳去。“没花多长时间，”
妈妈说，两只狗开心地在房子里追逐玩耍。爸爸笑了。
(提示：构思情节第二步见下一单元。)
