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考点巩固卷 08 现在完成时
最新高考真题
1.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）Over the last two years, some supermarkets ________ (start) selling chicken
or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
【答案】have started
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，
拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填
have started。
2.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）In the last five years, Cao ________ (walk) through 34 countries in six
continents.
【答案】has walked
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家。根据时间状语in the last
five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。
3.（2022年浙江卷1月语法填空）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics
— many of the climate scientists ________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years
ago.
【答案】have promised
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，在一个名为“无蝇气候科学”的网站上，大约200名学者
——其中许多气候科学家——承诺自两年前开始这项工作以来，尽可能少地飞行。根据时间状语“since
the effort started two years ago”可知，主句应使用现在完成时，主语“many of them climate scientists”是复
数，因此空格处是have promised。故填have promised。
2024 年高考模拟真题
1．According to Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata, across Africa, all giraffe populations (decline) by
over 70 percent in the past 20 years from 36,000 to less than 9,000 today.
2．In the past decades, with the rapid development of science and technology, our daily life (change)
a lot.
3．Known as rou jia mo, which translates to “meat burger” or “meat sandwich”, they consist of chopped meat
inside a pita-like bun（小圆面包）, and they (be)around since the Qin dynasty, from about 221 BC to
207 BC．
4．Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl (freeze) andtheir pet can’t get anything to drink.
5．These beautiful blackfaced spoonbills are some of the world's rarest birds. The birds
(fly) all the way from their summer home to this wetland, where they will spend the winter. Now, they circle and
land.
6．Not only are tea-related customs found across the country, but also they (influence) the
rest of the world since ancient times through the ancient Silk Road and trade routes.
7．Over the past few years, China (see) a rise in young consumers interested in internal brands and
products that incorporate traditional Chinese style and culture, a trend known as guochao.
8．On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of them climate
scientists (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
9．According to a recent report archaeologists (restore) more than 140 Terracotta Warriors. They
discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a
layer of fine clay.
10．Since that year, most young craftsmen (return) to their hometown and found a bright future.
11．Consequently, cybercrime coming in many different forms (become) a huge problem in recent
years.
12．“For centuries, the scent of tea leaves (offer) nutrition to this land. This intangible cultural
heritage of tea processing techniques is deeply rooted in people’s everyday life.”
13．He mentioned that the Chinese market is significant for jade products, and his business (operate) in
China for 10 years.
14．Up to now, China (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
15．Wang was born and grew up in America, but she (build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she
was a little girl.
16．I (highlight)the important passages in yellow so it’s easy for me to review.
17．The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019.
18．Many new tough problems (arise) since they came to America.
19．It is the second time that the buildings in the town (survive) the natural disasters.
20．In the past decades, some number plates (become) extremely valuable, particularly those that spell
out words.
21．The unemployment rate in this district (fall) from 6% to 5% since two years ago.
答案第2页，共2页22．We have (collaboration) on many projects over the years.
23．He is the only one of the students who (read) the book.
24．Confucius (influence) China for more than 2,000 years.
25．The intersection (交汇处) of Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces is home to Northeast China Tiger, which
(set) out to protect the habitats of those two species since its start.
26．In the last five years , more and more people (buy) electric cars.
27．Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I (enjoy) food from both
countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork-and chopsticks!
28．Since then, a close relationship (grow) between us and she’s been almost like a sister to
me.
29．So far, our country (make) great achievements in many fields.
30．Since it drew recent media attention, Woon (hear) from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries,
including the United States.
31．Johnathan, as well as his fellow workers, (resign) from the company since it announced its
transformation plan.
32．Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans (get) a lot “greener” toward the environment.
33．Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, (have) a deep love for travel.
34．Its membership (double) in the last five years.
35．I guess that you (use) the computer a lot recently. You should rest your eyes more often.
36．Jason’s only recreation is painting. He (learn) how to paint for over five years.
37．It is the 20th time in history that Chinese women’s table tennis team (win) the honorable award--
M Corbillon Cup(考比伦杯).
38．For many years, whisky has been one of the most popular drinks all over the world, and Scotland
(produce) more and more of it so far.
39．Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125
percent over the past 25 years.
40．Recent years (witness) a great improvement in the relations between the two countries.
41．E-mail (play) an important role in our communication in the past decades.
42．In recent years, as the “new” technology of using computers and smartphones (take)over society,
students no longer need to learn how to write “ mechanically" and they let their keyboards do the work.
43．A virtual choir has (prove) to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.
44．I think Ana (finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning.45．Many a program of economic reforms (approve) by the Parliament so far.
46．Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest (disappear) due to human activities such
as agriculture and cattle farming.
47．The beautiful scenery and various traditional customs of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (行政区)
(bring) great resources to the local tourism industry in the past decade.
48．The public (convince) of the effectiveness of security measures such as keeping social distance
and wearing masks in recent days.
49．The finishing touches are being put to a new swimming pool and recently our workout rooms
(update) with modern equipment.
50．The Chinese government (lead) the Chinese to the successful control of COVID-19 since it broke
out, which makes China lead the world in economic recovery.
51．The old couple moved back to the countryside in 2018 and (lead) a happy and peaceful life ever
since.
52．Her husband died because of smoking last month and she (ban) her son from smoking ever
since.
53．But the country's economic development over the years (permit) the sport to spread beyond the
wealthy.
54．I want to thank the Beijing 2022 organizing committee for the outstanding work they （do）so far.
55．The poor old lady （lie）on the ground for almost twenty minutes, but still nobody comes to help
her.
56．The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and （remain）around that level
ever since.
57．This is the first time I (come) to Chengdu and I am deeply impressed with its delicious food.
58．Donna has (acquire) a good knowledge of Chinese since she was four.
59．When it comes to desirable companies, business students (name) Bank of China the
top choice for seven years.
60．You have just (take) your first step towards a new and improved you.
61．He graduated from university last year and (work) in our company ever since.
62．Britain as well as many other industrial countries, (experience)major changes over the last
100years.
答案第4页，共2页63．Tom, rather than I, (serve) in the army ever since graduation.
64．According to some signs, some experts have (conclude) that the global economy is beginning to
recover little by little.
65．This July (witness)a boost in the juvenile myopia, as a consequence of excessive screen time.
66．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.
67．Recently, financial experts (detect) signs that the economy is beginning to improve.
68．Over time, it (expand) to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces,
appealing to people of different tastes.
69．I (participate) in a volunteer programme, visiting elderly people in my area for the last three
years.
70．The population in California (explode) over the past few years and the state is faced with
great challenges.
1．have declined
【详解】考查动态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata的数据，在整个非洲，长
颈鹿的数量在过去的20年里减少了70%以上，从36000只减少到现在的不到9000只。decline(减少，下
降)是句中谓语动词，与主语giraffe populations之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语in the past 20 years，描
述从过去开始持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。
综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，复数形式。故填have declined。
2．has changed
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，随着科学技术的飞速发展，我们的日常生活改变了很多。
根据本句的时间状语in the past decades可知，该句子应该用现在完成时。故填has changed。
3．have been
【详解】4. 考查时态。因为有时间状语since the Qin dynasty, from about 221 BC to 207 BC.，可知要用现在
完成时态：has/have done，又因为主语是they，所以用have been。故填have been。
4．has frozen
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：留意你宠物的饮水。有时主人没有意识到水碗已经结冰了，
他们的宠物找不到任何喝的东西。空处为谓语动词，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现
在完成时，主语为a water bowl，谓语动词应用单数。故填has frozen。
5．have flown
【详解】考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。句意：这些美丽的黑脸琵鹭是世界上最稀有的鸟类之一。这些
鸟从它们夏天的家一路飞到这片湿地，它们将在这里过冬。现在，它们盘旋着陆。所给动词fly在句中作
谓语，根据“this wetland”及“where they will spend the winter”可知，这种鸟现在已到达此地，将在此地过冬，由此可知，该空应使用现在完成时态，主语为复数名词，助动词使用复数形式。故填have flown。
6．have influenced/have been influencing
【详解】考查现在完成（进行）时。句意：与茶有关的习俗不仅遍布全国，而且自古以来就通过古丝绸
之路和贸易路线影响着世界其他地区。根据since ancient times可知句子用现在完成时，也可用现在完成
进行时，表示动作从过去某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍会持续下去，主语they表示复数意义，
故填have influenced/have been influencing。
7．has seen
【详解】考查时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，中国已经见证了越来越多的年轻消费者
对融合中国传统风格和文化的国内品牌和产品感兴趣，这一趋势被称为国潮。根据时间状语Over the past
few years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语China是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has
seen。
8．have promised
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以
来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。空处应填谓语动词，根据时间状语“since+过
去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，且主语为many of them climate scientists。故填have promised。
9．have restored
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：根据最近的一份报告，考古学家已经修复了140多个兵马俑。
他们发现这些雕像的手臂是分开制作的，然后附着在身体上，上面覆盖着一层精细的粘土。分析句子结
构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以restore作本句谓语，根据标志词recent可知，用现在完成时，主语是
archaeologists，为复数。故填have restored。
10．have returned
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从那一年起，大多数年轻的工匠都回到了家乡，找到了美好
的未来。分析句子可知，return(返回)是句中谓语动词，与主语most young craftsmen之间是主动关系，句
中有时间状语Since that year，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语most young craftsmen是复数名词，所以谓
语动词应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，复数形式。故填have returned。
11．has become
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，近年来，以多种不同形式出现的网络犯罪已成为一个巨大
的问题。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中in recent years为现在完成时时间标志，故使用现在完
成时，同时句子的主语为cybercrime，助动词用has。故填has become。
12．has offered/has been offering
答案第6页，共2页【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：几个世纪以来，茶叶的香味为这片土地提供了营养。分析句子可
知，空处作谓语，由For centuries可知，应为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，主语the scent of tea leaves
为单数名词，所以为动词第三人称单数形式。故填has offered/has been offering。
13．has been operating/has operated
【详解】考查时态。句意：他提到，中国市场对玉石产品很重要，他的生意已经在中国经营了10年。根
据句意以及后面的时间状语for 10 years可知，此处应用现在完成进行时态或者现在完成时。故填has been
operating/has operated。
14．has established
【详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由 Up to now(到目前为
止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。
15．has built
【详解】
考查时态。句意：王女士出生并长在美国，但是从她是个小女孩的时候，她就和中国文化产生了牢固的
联系。此处主语为she，build为谓语动词，主语she与build之间为主动关系，且根据后文的时间状语从
句since she was a little girl可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has built。
16．have highlighted
【详解】考查时态。句意：我用黄色标出了重要的段落，这样便于我复习。根据后文so it’s easy for me to
review可知表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填
have highlighted。
17．has increased
【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：自2019年以来，这些塑料的使用量增加了300%。根据
“since 2019”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词increase意为“增加”。主语use意为“使用”，为不可
数名词，所以助动词应用has。故填has increased。
18．have arisen
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从他们来到美国以来，出现了许多新的棘手问题。设空处为谓
语，根据时间状语 since they came to America，可知应用现在完成时，主语Many new tough problems，谓
语用复数形式，故填have arisen。
19．have survived
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这是该镇的建筑第二次在自然灾害中幸存下来。“it is the+序
数词+time+that从句”为固定句型，意为“这是第……次……”，其中that从句应用现在完成时。从句的
主语为the buildings，为复数意义，所以助动词应用复数形式have。故填have survived。20．have become
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：过去的几十年里，一些车牌号变得极其宝贵，特别是那些能拼出
单词的车牌。In the past decades为时间状语，一般与现在完成时连用，主语some number plates是复数概
念，谓语动词也用复数形式。故填have become。
21．has fallen
【详解】考查时态。句意：自两年前以来，这个地区的失业率已从6%下降到5%。分析句子结构，空白
处在中作谓语，根据时间状语since two years ago可知句子使用现在完成时，主语是The unemployment
rate，助动词为has，故填has fallen。
22．collaborated
【详解】考查动词。句意：这些年来我们在许多项目上都进行了合作。分析句子可知，空处是谓语动词，
collaborate“合作”，动词，句子是现在完成时，空处应填过去分词，故填collaborated。
23．has read
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他是学生中唯一读过这本书的人。空处缺少谓语动词，此处表示过去发
生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语who指代the only one of the students，助动词用has。故
填has read。
24．has influenced
【详解】考查时态。句意：孔子影响了中国两千多年。根据时间状语“for more than 2,000 years”以及主语
“Confucius”可知，应为现在完成时，且为单数。故填has influenced。
25．has set
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：吉林和黑龙江的交界处是东北虎的栖息地，这个地方从一开始就开始保
护这两个物种的栖息地。分析句子可知，此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句中谓语动词的填入，由
since可知，此处应为现在完成时，先行词The intersection为单数名词，助动词使用has。故填has set。
26．have bought
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的五年里，越来越多的人买了电动汽车。根据时间状语In the last five
years可知，用现在完成时。主语是more and more people，助动词用have。根据句意，故填have bought。
27．have enjoyed/have been enjoying
【详解】考查时态。句意：我在英国长大，父亲是英国人，母亲是中国人。自从我学会拿刀叉和筷子以
来，我就喜欢上了这两个国家的食物！根据句子可知，提示词是句子谓语动词，与主语I之间是主动关系，
结合句中时间状语“ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork-and chopsticks”可知，表示从过去开始持续
现在，并将继续下去的动作，可用现在完成时态或者现在完成进行时态；主语是I，助动词用have。故填
答案第8页，共2页have enjoyed/have been enjoying。
28．has grown/has been growing
【详解】考查时态。句意：从那以后，我们之间的关系越来越密切，她对我来说就像一个妹妹。该空为
谓语，结合Since then可知，该空可表过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，可能持续发
生下去，用现在完成时；也可表过去发生的动作或状况一直持续到现在，这个动作可能仍在继续进行，
用现在完成进行时。主语a close relationship单数，谓语单数形式。故填has grown/has been growing。
29．has made
【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，我国在许多领域都取得了巨大的成就。根据时间状语so far，此
处应用现在完成时态，主语为our country，为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填：has made。
30．has heard
【详解】考查时态。句意：自从最近引起媒体关注以来，Woon已经从包括美国在内的10个国家的度假
村和餐馆听到了消息。根据时间状语“Since it drew recent media attention”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语
为Woon，谓语为单数形式。故填has heard。
31．has resigned
【详解】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自从公司宣布改组计划之后，乔纳森和他的同事们就已
经决定辞职了。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语。根据since引导时间状语从句可知，此处应用
现在完成时；主语“A, as well as B”对应的谓语动词的数应遵循就远原则，前面的主语人称Johnathan为
单数形式，主语与谓语动词之间为主动关系，故填has resigned。
32．have gotten/have got
【详解】考查时态。句意：自从1970年第一个地球日以来，美国人对环境变得更加“环保”了。根据时
间状语Since the first Earth Day in 1970可知，用现在完成时。主语Americans为复数，所以助动词用
have。结合句意，故填have gotten/got。
33．has had
【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：现年71岁的金妮从小就热爱旅行。根据句子结构及
ever since，可知谓语动词用现在完成时，主语为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has had。
34．has doubled
【详解】考查时态。句意：它的成员数量在过去五年中翻了一番。分析可知空格处是句子的谓语，主语
“Its membership ”与“double”之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“the last five years”可知空格处用现在完成
时，结合主谓一致，故填has doubled。
35．have used
【详解】考查时态。句意：我猜你最近经常用电脑。你应该多让眼睛休息一下。根据后文recently可知应
用现在完成时，主语为you，助动词用have。故填have used。36．has learnt/has been learning
【详解】考查时态。句意：杰森唯一的消遣就是画画。他学画画已经五年多了。分析可知，所填动词为
谓语动词，结合时间状语“for over five years”可知，用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。主语“He”为第三
人称单数，应是has done或has been doing。故填has learnt/has been learning。
37．has won
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是中国女子乒乓球队历史上第20次赢得“考比伦杯”这一荣誉奖项。
分析句子结构可知，此处为“It is the +序数词 time that+从句”的句型，该句型中that从句要用现在完成
时have/has done结构，从句的主语为“Chinese women’s table tennis team”，为单数。故填has won。
38．has produced
【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：多年来，威士忌一直是世界上最受欢迎的饮品之一，目前苏格兰生产
的威士忌越来越多。根据so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。Scotland为第三人称单数。故填has
produced。
39．has grown
【详解】考查时态。句意：自2011年以来，该国种植的玉米超过了水稻。玉米产量在过去25年里增长了
近125%。根据时间状语“Since 2011”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语country是名词单数，助动词应用
has，故填has grown。
40．have witnessed
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：近年来，两国关系有了很大的改善。根据主语Recent years可知，此处用
现在完成时，且主语是复数形式。故填have witnessed。
41．has played/has been playing
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年里，电子邮件在我们的交流中扮演了重要的角色。
根据时间状语“in the past decades”可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，
也可用现在完成进行时，表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，还有可能继续下去，主语E-mail是名词单数，
助动词用has，故填has played/has been playing。
42．has taken
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：近年来，由于使用电脑和智能手机的“新”技术已经接管了社会，学生
们不再需要学习如何“机械地”书写，他们让键盘工作。根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，此处使用
现在完成时，主语为technology，助动词用has。故填has taken。
43．proved
【详解】考查时态。句意：事实证明，虚拟合唱团对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。由空前的has可知，
答案第10页，共2页句子是现在完成时，主语A virtual choir和动词prove之间是主动关系，现在完成时的结构为“助动词
have/has+动词过去分词”，空处应填过去分词。故填proved。
44．has finished
【详解】考查时态。句意：安娜今天一大早就开始准备，我想她现在已经收拾好了行李。分析句子可知，
“Ana (finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning.”是宾语从句，提示词
在句中作谓语动词，与主语Ana之间是主动关系；结合主句“I think”和从句“since she started getting
things ready early this morning”中时态可知，Ana一大早就开始准备，“我”认为她现在已经收拾完毕，强
调现在的结果，应用现在完成时；主语Ana是单数名词，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填has finished。
45．has been approved
【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，议会已经批准了许多经济改革方案。分析句
子可知，so far表示“迄今为止”，结合句子来看，本句描述的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响，还可能
持续发生下去，应用现在完成时，且空处谓语动词要与主语Many a program保持主谓一致，其中many a
为固定搭配，表示“许多”，后接可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词也要用单数形式，所以填has been
approved，表示“已经批准”。故填has been approved。
46．has disappeared
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的50年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，大约17%的雨林已经
消失。结合语境和时间状语over the past 50 years可知，应用现在完成时，主语about 17 per cent of the
rainforest不可数，助动词用has。故填has disappeared。
47．have brought
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：凉山彝族自治州美丽的风景和丰富的传统习俗，在过去的十年里为当地
的旅游业带来了巨大的资源。根据后文“in the past decade”可知应用现在完成时，主语为The beautiful
scenery and various traditional customs，助动词用have。故填have brought。
48．has been convinced/have been convinced
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：最近几天，保持社交距离、戴口罩等安保措施的有效性得到了肯定。固
定搭配be convinced of“确信，认识到”，结合时间状语in recent days，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主
语the public在此处既可看作强调整体，也可看作强调个体，故谓语动词用单复数形式都可以。故
填has/have been convinced。
49．have been updated
【详解】考查动词。句意：一个新的游泳池正在收尾工作，最近我们的健身房已经更新了现代设备。由
recently可知此处用现在完成时，主语our workout rooms是复数。故填have been updated。
50．has led
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，中国政府带领中国人民成功控制疫情，在经济复苏中引领世界。根据时间状语从句“since it broke out”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：
has/have done，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，主语是单数government ，所以此处助动词需用
has。故填has led。
51．has led
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这对老夫妇于2018年搬回农村，从此过上了幸福安宁的生活。
分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词，根据“ever since”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为The old
couple，助动词用has。故填has led。
52．has banned/has been banning
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：她的丈夫上个月死于吸烟，从那以后她就（一直）禁止她的儿子吸
烟。根据下文ever since可知应用现在完成时，主语为she，故填has banned。或强调过去动作的延续不曾
间断用现在完成进行时has been banning。
53．has permitted
【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：但多年来，中国的经济发展使得这项运动的传播范围超出了富人的范
围。分析句子可知，设空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语over the years可知用现在完成时，主语
development不可数，助动词应用has。故填has permitted。
54．have done
【详解】考查时态。句意：我要感谢北京2022年冬奥会组委会到目前为止所做的出色工作。根据时间状
语so far，可知用现在完成时，主语为they，助动词用have。故填have done。
55．has been lying/has lain
【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：那位可怜的老妇人已经躺在地上近20分钟了，但仍没有人来帮助
她。根据语境可知此处lie是发生在comes之前的动作，且一直持续到现在，并将有可能继续进行下去，
故此处使用现在完成进行时最佳，现在完成时亦可，故填has been lying或has lain。
56．has remained
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在
这个水平上下。ever since意为“从那以后”，作后一分句的时间状语，后一分句用现在完成时。主语为
The number of medical schools，其中the number of...表示“……的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三
人称单数形式。故填has remained。
57．have come
【详解】考查固定句型，现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：这是我第一次来成都，那里的美食给我留下了
深刻的印象。This is the first time sb. have/has done sth.为固定句型，主语I为第一人称，因此空格处为have
答案第12页，共2页come，故填have come。
58．acquired
【详解】考查动词。句意：唐娜从四岁起开始很好地掌握了汉语。分析句子可知，acquire(获得)是句中谓
语动词，根据句中时间状语“since she was four”可知，主句应使用现在完成时态，因此，acquire应用过
去分词形式acquired，与空格前助动词has构成现在完成时态。故填acquired。
59．have named
【详解】考查时态。句意：当涉及到满意的公司的时候，近七年以来商科学生一直把中国银行当成最高
的选择。句中时间状语for seven years通常要和现在完成时连用，所以要填have named。
60．taken
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你已经向一个全新的、有所改进的自己迈出了第一步。根据上文You
have 可知为现在完成时，应填过去分词。故填taken。
61．has been working/has worked
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他去年大学毕业后就一直在我们公司工作。根据时间状语
ever since可知，此处使用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，表示一个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在或
者表示动作从过去持续到现在并将持续下去，主语为he，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has
worked/has been working。
62．has experienced/has been experiencing
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：跟很多的工业化国家一样，在过去的一百年中，英国已经经历了巨大的
改变。根据时间状语over the last 100 years可知，该句为现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）或现在完成进
行时（have/has+been+现在分词），因主语Britain为第三人称单数，主谓语法一致，故填has
experienced/has been experiencing。
63．has served
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从毕业后就在部队服役的是汤姆，而不是我。根据时间状语
“ever since graduation（自从毕业）”可知，应用现在完成时；“rather than”连接两个名词或代词作主语
时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致，应用单数形式；主语“Tom”与
“serve”是主动关系，应用主动语态。故填has served。
64．concluded
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：根据一些迹象，一些专家已经得出结论，全球经济正在慢慢地复苏。
分析句子可知，设空处是主句谓语动词，再结合语境和上文have可知，该句为现在完成时，结构为
have+done的形式。故填concluded。
65．(has) witnessed
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：由于过度在屏幕前花费大量时间，今年7月增加青少年近视人数增加很多。分析句子结构可知：设空处所给词在句中作谓语，强调动作发生在过去用一般过去时，
答案为witnessed；也可以表示过去所做的事情对现在的影响，用has witnessed。故答案为(has)witnessed。
66．has been reached
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：尽管进行了前几轮谈判，双方至今仍未达成协议。结合下文so far可知，
应用现在完成时；主语no agreement与谓语动词reach为被动关系，表示“协议被达成”；且谓语动词应
用第三人称单数形式。故填has been reached。
67．have detected
【详解】考查时态。句意：最近，金融专家发现了经济开始好转的迹象。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语
动词， financial experts与detect为主动关系，再由Recently可知，这里时态应用现在完成时。故填have
detected。
68．has expanded
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着时间的推移，它已经扩展到包括多种选择的汤，蔬菜，肉类
和酱料，吸引不同口味的人。设空处作谓语，由Over time以及句意可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语
it是单数，因此空格处是has expanded。故填has expanded。
69．have participated
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的三年里，我参加了一个志愿者项目，拜访了我所在地区的老年人。
根据后文for the last three years可知为现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have participated。
70．has exploded
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，加利福尼亚州的人口激增，该州面临着巨大的
挑战。根据句中的over the past few years可知，谓语动词explode应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去某一
时间一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去。主语为population，助动词应用has。故填has exploded。
答案第14页，共2页
