文档内容
介词
介词又叫前置词。一般放在名词、代词或动名词的前面。介词是虚词，主要用来表示人、物、事件
等与其他人、物、事件之间的关系，与其宾语构成介词短语。
在英语里，它的搭配能力最强。但它不能单独作句子成分，需和名词或代词(或相当于名词的其他
词类、短语及从句)构成介词短语，才能在句中充当成分。
解题技巧：
1. 要认真掌握好常用介词的主要用法及动词与介词的搭配。这是考查的重点，也是做题的基础。
分类 特点 例词
about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on
简单介词 即一个介词
等等。
合成介词 由两个介词构成合成词 into, onto, throughout, upon, within
短语介词 由短语构成 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。
双重介词 由两个介词搭配而成 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between等等。
分词介词 由现在分词转化而来 considering(就……而论), including，regarding，concerning等。
兼类介词 由形容词直接转化而来 like, unlike, near, next, opposite等等。
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别
表示的 介词（短 区 别 例 子
概念 语）
in at在一个时间点上；[来源:学科 ①at 8 o’clock, at noon
on in在一段的时间之内； ②in the 1990s, in January
at on在具体日子。[来源:学科网] ③on Monday, on a warm morning[来源:
since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成
since ①We have not seen each other since 1995.
时连用；
from ②I hope to do morning exercises from today.
from指从时间的某一点开始。
时间 in指在一段时间之后，也可以指一段时间
①We’ll be back in three days.
[来 in, 之内=within；
②After seven the rain began to fall.
源:Z,x after after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去
③What shall we do after graduation?
x,k.Co 时的一段时间中。
m] in the end作“最后”、“终于”解，单独 ①In the end they reached a place of safety.
作句子成分，后不接介词of；at the end of ② At the end of the road stands a beautiful
in the end 表示“在……末梢”，“到……尽头”， garden.
at the end of 既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可 ③ They decided to have an English evening at
by the end of 单独使用；by the end of 作“在……结束 the end of this week.
时”，“到……末为止”解，只能指时 ④ By the end of last month he had finished the
间。不可单独使用。 novel.
between 一般说来，between表示两者之间，among ①You are to sit between your father and me.
among 用于三者或三者以上的中间。 ②He is always happy among his classmates.
注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西， ① Agreements were made between the different
强调的是两两相互间接关系时、在谈到一些事物或一组事 countries.
物，而把它们视为分居两边时以及在谈事物间的差别时， ②The little valley lies between highmountains.
就用between。 ③ They don’t know the difference between
wheat, rice and coin.
in in表示在某范围内； ①Changchun is in the northeast of China.
on on指与什么毗邻； ②Mongolia is on the north of China.
to to指在某环境范围之外。 ③Japan is to the east of China.
①There is a book on the piece of paper.
on on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占 ② There is an interesting article in the
in 去某物一部分。 newspaper.
③ He dug a hole in the wall.
in in通常表示位置（静态）； ①We walked in the park.
into into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。 ②We walked into the park.
through 表示从内部通过，与 in 有关；
through ①Water flows through the pipe.
across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通
across ②The old man walked across the street.
过，与on有关。
in the corner 表示在角落里，in 指角的内
in the corner 面；on the corner表示“在角上”，on指的 ①The lamp stands in the corner of the room.
位置
on the corner 不是内面，也不是外面，而含内外兼有之 ②I met with him at the street corner.
at the corner 意；at the corner指“在拐角处”，at指的 ③He sat on the corner of the table.
是拐角外附近的外面。
besides 指“除了……还有，再加上”；
①All went out besides me.
except指“除了，减去什么”，不能放在句
besides ②All went out except me.
首。but 与 except 意思近似，表示“除
except ③ I never saw him reading anything but the
除了 了 … … 外 ” 经 常 用 在 no, all, nobody,
but newspaper.
anywhere, everything 等和其他疑问词后
except for ④ His diary is good except for a few spelling
面。except for表示“如无……就，只是”
mistakes.
表明理由细节。
表示的 例 子
构成
概念
at dinner/table在吃饭 at work在工作 at war交战
at cards 在玩牌 at work 在办公 at play 在玩耍
at+名词 at rest在休息 at school school在上学 at press正在排
印
at church在做礼拜
beyond belief难以置信 beyond control不听管教。
beyond+名词 beyond compare无可比拟 beyond description难以形容
beyond expression无法表达 beyond suspicion无可怀疑
in the army在当兵 in need of需要 in action在运转
动作
in progress在进行 in operation在运行中 in use 开始使用
（表进
in sight看得见 in store贮藏着 in view of鉴於; 由於; 考虑到
行概 in+名词
in terms of就……而言 in favor of赞成某人[某事物]; 支持某人[某事物
念、表 或in +名词
被动的 in sb's favour对某人有利
+of+名词
关系） be in/out of `favour (with sb); be in/out of sb's `favour得到[失去]某人的尊/赞同等
in course of construction正在兴建当中。in (good) repair维修良好的
in course of shipment. 定的货正在运输途中。in charge of 负 责
in the charge of 由……负责
in possession of 拥 有
in the possession of 被…拥有
on business办事/出差 on holiday/vacation/leave在休假
on watch值班 on duty值勤/日。
on guard在值勤 on strike在罢工
on sale出售 on loan借贷
on the move 在移动，搬迁，离开 on the march在行军
on+名词
on the air在广播 on fire在燃烧。
on trial在试用 on show/display/ exhibition在展出
on `view陈列着; 展览着
on the contrary与此相反; 正相反 to the `contrary与此相反（的）
I will continue to believe it until I get proof to the contrary.
under control在控制之中 under discussion在讨论
underdevelopment在发展中 under observation在观察中
under test在被测试 under construction在建设中
under+名词 under fire在炮火中 under examination在检查/调查中
under consideration在考虑中 under repair在修理中
under arrest被逮捕 under attack受到袭击
under medical treatment在治疗中 under study在研究中
with+the+名 with the help of...（在……的帮助下），with the lead of.（在…的带领下）
词
against one’s opinion反对某人的见解
for one’s opinion同意某人的见解
above reproach无可指责，无可非议
其他 above suspicion不受怀疑
above criticism无可指责
at the mercy of在……支配下；任由……摆布
for sale供出售 for rent供出租 within sight看得见
2.常见同一形容词与不同介词搭配时意义上的差别
常见形容词 搭配 意义
(be) absent from 缺席
absent
(be) absent in 不在这里而在……
(be) afraid of 担心……
afraid
(be) afraid for 为……而担心
(be) angry with sb. 对某人生气
angry
(be) angry at/about sth. 因某事而生气
(be)anxious for sth 急于想得到
anxious
(be)anxious about sth./sb. 对某事/某人担心
(be) different from 与……不同
different
(be) different to 不关心
(be) familiar with 精通，熟悉
familiar
(be) familiar to 为……熟知（悉）(be) good at 擅长于
good (be) good for 对……有益
(be) good to 对……友好/态度好
(be) popular with sb. 受……欢迎
popular
(be) popular for 因……而流行
(be) strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
strict
(be) strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
3.容易混淆的含有介词固定搭配的词组
类 型 举 例
in front of（在……前面)——in the front of（在……前部）
in charge of（负责）——in the charge of（由……负责）
差一冠词，大相径庭
out of question（毫无疑问）——out of the question（不可能）
at table（在吃饭；在吃饭时）——at the table（在桌子旁边）
know sb.认识某人——know about sb.了解某人
shoot sb.击中某人——shoot at sb.向某人射击
有无介词，意义不同 search sb.搜身——search for sb.搜寻某人
believe sb.相信某人的话——believe in sb.信任某人的人格
benefit sb.使某人受益——benefit from sb.从某人那里得到益处
serve the people为人民服务（容易在serve后加for）
enter the room进入房间（容易在enter后加into）
follow me跟在我后面（容易在follow后加behind）
画蛇添足，误加介词
marry sb.与某人结婚（容易在marry后加with）
go abroad出国（容易在go后面加to）
live upstairs住在楼上（容易在live后面加 in）
be caught in the rain被雨淋着（不用by）
leave for some place动身去某地（不用to）
set an example to sb.为某人树立榜样（不用for）
in the direction朝着……方向（不用to）
母语思维，误用介词 do a favor for sb.帮某人一个忙（不用to）
different from和……不同（不用with）
with the help of在……的帮助下（不用under）
steal sth. from sb.偷某人的东西（不用of）
read sth. to sb.给（为）……读（念）……（不用for）
1．The university started some new language programs to cater _____ the country's Silk Road Economic Belt.
2．The whole team count ________ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.
3．Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but ________ Thomas Edison.
4．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ________ animals both on land and sea?
5．Most people work because it's unavoidable.______ contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy
work.
6．We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal _______ our emotions than for
straight facts.
7．These comments came in response ________ specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
8．This meeting room is a non－smoking area.I would like to warn you ________ advance that if you smokedhere you would be fined.
9．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ________ the average.
10．The little pupil took his grandma ________ the arm and walked her across the street.
11．They believe that there are transport developments _______the corner that will bring a lot of changes for
the
better.
12．A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform.
13．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live ______
harmony with nature.
14．Our club is open to everyone regardless________ age，sex or educational background.
15．While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking
for
anything________return.
16．________addition to the school, the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.
17．People won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying ______
expression.
18．She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ________ the road.
19．Facing up to your problems instead________ running away from them is the best approach to working
things out.
20．The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
21．It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.
22．Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour.
23．September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.
24．Check carrots，potatoes，onions and any other vegetables ________store and immediately use or throw
away any which show signs of rotting.
25．Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push－ups too to stay ________shape.
26.Second，we sometimes seem to be misunderstood ________ our teachers，parents and classmates.
27．Today I received a sweet letter from Brianna ，one of my “cookies” ．It was wonderful to hear
________her.
28．In Beijing，many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because ________ air pollution.
29．The usually quiet villages suddenly become busy centers of activity，as people take out special tools and
prepare ________ tea processing.
30．There were 239 people __________ board the Malaysia Airlines flight.
31．Respect is very important ________ home，at school，and everywhere you go.
32．First，some of us are upset ________ their body styles and looks.
33．The spirit then advised them to wrap the rice and bind it ________ throwing it into the river.
34．________ the first college graduate out of a remote village，my success set an example for my folks.
35．Brianna said that every day she would walk into kindergarten and see a smile ________ my face.
36．According to Jack，there are eight boys in his class who failed，________(include) himself and Scott.
37．Some chopsticks are decorated ________ colored pictures.
38．We are going to travel on camels ________ the Sahara Desert.
39．I turned ________ the guides for help，but they were impatient.
40．I had no idea you were coming，but I am certainly glad to see you.I was feeling very nervous about going
there ________ friends.1．for 2．on 3．for 4．to 5．By 6．to 7．to 8．in 9．above 10．by 11．around 12．of
13．in 14．of 15．in 16．In 17．for 18．off 19．of 20．with 21．despite 22．in 23．by
24．in 25．in 26．by 27．from 28．of 29．for 30．on 31．at 32．about 33．before
34．As 35．on 36．including 37．with 38．through 39．to 40．without
