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专题 03 形容词和副词（解析版）
全国各地历年高考真题全收录
一、2023 年高考真题
1. 2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing
hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
【答案】tasty
【解析】考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的
鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味
的”作定语，故填tasty。
2. 2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy...
【答案】rarely
【解析】考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我
总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
3. 2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷
... I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence)
speaking English.
【答案】confident
【解析】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之
前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前
文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故
填confident。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】4. 2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷
They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often
come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些
管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容
词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
5. 2023新高考全国Ⅱ卷
So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
【答案】Basically
【解析】考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整
个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填
Basically。
6. 2023全国甲卷
___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
【答案】Different
【解析】考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be
different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
7. 2023全国乙卷
The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past
while stepping into the modern world...
【答案】remarkable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，
这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分
可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
8. 2023年1月浙江卷
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】The term “hutong”, ____57____ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the
Yuan Dynasty.
【答案】 originally
【解析】考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处
修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
9. 2023年1月浙江卷
The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ____61____ (space)homes and walled gardens.
【答案】61. spacious
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空
格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
10. 2023年1月浙江卷
Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____62____ (simple)in design and decoration, and the
hutongs were narrower.
【答案】simpler
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，
并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并
列结构作表语。故填simpler。
二、2022 年高考真题
1（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations
and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
【答案】eventually
【解析】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达
到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修
饰动词achieve。故填eventually。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】2（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning).
【答案】meaningful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应
用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
3（2022 全国甲卷）...and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s _________ (high)
mountain.
【答案】highest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他
到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是
非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
4（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the
_________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to
promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
【答案】largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动
者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大
产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
5（2022全国乙卷）It can help to build a community with a ___________ (share) future for mankind,”
he said.
【答案】shared
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修
饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填
shared。
6（2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________（rough）
200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort
started two years ago.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】roughly
【解析】考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，
大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，
故填roughly。
7.（2022新高考二卷）On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with
his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV.
【答案】asleep
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填
写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为
“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
8.（2022新高考二卷）When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
【答案】accidentally
【解析】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结
构，设空处【解析】应该填写副词修饰动词 slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误
的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
三、2021 年高考真题
1.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It
will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
【答案】undoubtedly
【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词 help，故应用副词形式。
Undoubted 变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。
2.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）
But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish).
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】 astonished
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构， 表示 "使……处于某种状
态" 。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，
说明人的感受，意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。
3.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different
gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 (day)
routines.
【答案】 daily
【解析】考查形容词。此处表示 "观察当地人的日常生活" ，修饰routines, 故用形容词，故填
daily。
4.（2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空）After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the
wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
【答案】 better
【解析】考查形容词的词性转换。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我
们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词 than
可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。根据句中 "than" 可知，应该填写形容词的比较级的形式，
故填better。
5.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
【答案】 financial
【解析】考查形容词。空前为动词，空后为名词，故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。
因此应使用finance的形容词形式financial。句意：为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填
financial。
6.（2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空）
When the house was built, it was much 4 (small) than it is today.
【答案】smaller
【解析】考查形容词的比较级，句中有than这个提示词，much修饰比较级。句意：当房子建好时，
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】它比现在要小得多。
7.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空） But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people
in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
【答案】sharply
【解析】考查副词。句意：30年后，很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可
知the BMI difference… had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要用副词，故答案为 sharply。
8.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the
countryside, including 10 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and
fewer sports facilities.
【答案】lower
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：乡下的人条件差一些，包括更低的收入和教育水平，更高的
健康食物花销和更少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知 levels of income and education与higher costs
of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 是并列关系，前后结构要一致由higher和fewer可知low
要用形容词比较级，故答案为lower。
9.（2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）
It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the
areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for
conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
【答案】educated
【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知，空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意：
这与传统的旅游业不同，因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。故填educated。
10.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）As working from home becomes common, people are finding it
easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
A. increasingly B. equally C. nervously D. confusingly
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现把为人父母和全职工作
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】结合起来变得更容易了。A.increasingly越来越多地、不断增加地；B.equally同样地；C.nervously
紧张地；D.confusingly令人困惑地。根据句意可知，本空应填increasingly。故选：A。
11.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）While rock-climbing, you need to remain very so that you won't
make any dangerous errors.
A. satisfied B. focused C. amused D. delighted
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：攀岩的时候，你需要保持专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错
误。A. satisfied满意的；B. focused集中的；C. amused有趣的；D. delighted高兴的。根据句意可
知，本空应填focused。故选：B。
12.（2021 新高考 I 卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets,
the___________（hot） the spring!
【答案】hotter
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意为：春天的神奇之处在于温度越低,春天就越热！本句为固定句
型：the+比较级,the+比较级,表示"越……越……",故填hotter.
13.（2021 新高考 I 卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it
highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________
（ache） legs.
【答案】aching
【解析】考查形容词。句意为：虽然这是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,
并提供了一个地方,你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿。ache和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系,所以用现
在分词作定语,故填aching.
14.（2021全国高考II卷）I told him how __________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and
asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
【答案】harmful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处
为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】15.（2021 年北京卷）Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____
（safe） wait for the police to take her home．
【答案】safely
【解析】考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回
家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。
四、2020 年高考真题
1.（2020·新高考I卷语法填空）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词 challenging，应
使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
2.（2020·新高考I卷语法填空）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词 challenging，应
使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
3.（2020·新高考II卷语法填空）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see
them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，
因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
4.（2020·新高考II卷语法填空）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds
(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
【答案】beautiful
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词
branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
5. （2020·江苏卷单项填空）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _____ change in our life and
work.
A. absurd B. abrupt C. allergic D. authentic
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然
的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可
知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。
6.（2020·天津卷单项填空）According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t
want to, as it is ______.
A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，
因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；
D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书
读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。
7.（2020·山东卷语法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and
collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修
饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
8.（2020·新高考III卷语法填空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he
called all great artists to come and present their 62 ． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最
好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
9.（2020·新高考III卷语法填空）As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left
speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此
处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
10.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if you're__ __(luck) enough to have someone close to you who
enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible.
【答案】lucky
【解析】考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有 be
动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。
11.（2020 北京卷）They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that
human ancestors were____ ___（smart）than the Neanderthals.
【答案】smarter
【解析】【10题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处
前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。
12.（2020 年浙江卷 1 月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large
compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes _________(old)than
before.
【答案】older
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，
因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。
13.（2020 年浙江卷 1 月）This is___________(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that
people are living longer.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】particularly
【解析】考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。
五、2019 年高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________
options to exercise.
A. casual B. regular C. flexible D. tight
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻
炼选项。A. casual偶然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧
的，密封的。故选C。
2.【2019·新高考I卷·语法填空】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much
of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about
20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
【答案】poorly
【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词 poorly修饰谓语动词has been
studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
3.【2019·新高考II卷·语法填空】Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after
a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have
been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
4.【2019·新高考III卷·语法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we
couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
【答案】so
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多
久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
5. （2019·新高考I卷·语法填空）Scientists have responded by __noting__ (note) that hungry bears
may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are
___68___ (high) than they actually are.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故
填higher。
5. （2019新高考III卷）They also shared with us many _________ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that
were _________ (huge)popular with tourists.
【答案】traditional; hugely
【解析】考查形容词/副词。空格修饰名词 stories，应用形容词形式，tradition 的形容词为
traditional，故填 traditional；空格处单词修饰形容词 popular，应用副词形式，huge 的副词为
hugely，故填hugely。
6. （2019北京卷）Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which
college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and
___________(meaning) college experience.
【答案】meaningful
【解析】考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience，故此处也
要用形容词。故填meaningful。
7. （2019年浙江卷）When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers
can _______ (easy) see them.
【答案】easily
【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词 see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用
easy的副词形式。故填easily。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】8.（2019 年浙江卷）School uniforms are ___________(tradition) in Britain, but some schools are
starting to get rid of them.
【答案】traditional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿
校服。这里作表语，常用形容词，tradition是名词，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。
2018年高考真题
1.【2018·江苏】34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient
training for his staff.
A. keen B. reluctant
C. anxious D. ready
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提
供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。故
选B。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。因此，考生必须充分利用这一特定
语境。同时，考生应注意多积累由形容词组成的固定短语。本题中 4个选择项中都可以与to连用。
be keen to渴望；be reluctant to不情愿做；be anxious to急于；be ready to乐意，再分析句意可以得
出答案。
2.【2018·新高考I卷·语法填空】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live
three years 61 (long) than non-runners.
【答案】 longer
【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可
知用比较级，故填longer。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】3.【2018·新高考 II 卷·语法填空】A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An
important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
【答案】 actually
【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修
饰句子。故填actually。
4.【2018·新高考II卷·语法填空】According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of
total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer consumption.
【答案】 global
【解析】句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用
形容词修饰。故填global。
5.【2018·新高考III卷·语法填空】He screams the___63___(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as
the male beats his chest and charges toward me.
【答案】 loudest
【解析】考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。
6.【2018·浙江卷·语法填空】There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填
higher。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
