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作业 49 四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：40分)
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)
(2024·湖南岳阳二模)
Billions of people deal with a nail-biting habit at some point in their lives.Many will go to
great lengths to try to stop.And while not all of us are nail-biters，most of us do have a habit
we’d like to kick.So what’s the best way to break one?
Research shows that intentions alone often fail to lead to long-term behavior change.This
isn’t to say you can’t break a habit.Rather，by understanding the basis of habits，you can
create better plans for changing them.For example ， we know habits are often affected by
environments and routines.Lying in bed may cause you to endlessly scroll through your phone，or
watching TV on the couch may lead you to grab a sugary snack.
One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of
day.Then try to modify them by changing your routine or creating obstacles that make it more
difficult to perform the habit in that space.Moving，switching jobs，or even starting a new
schedule，are particularly great times to break a habit or build a new one.
One 2005 study tracked university students’ exercising，reading，and TV-watching habits
before and after they transferred schools.When students were no longer around old environments
and routines，their habits，even the strong ones，significantly changed.
For behaviors like nail-biting ， a practice called habit reversal training can be
helpful.Developed by psychologists in the 1970s，the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with
another one that’s less detrimental.The training requires you to analyze and understand your
habit cues，so you can effectively step in at the right times.For example，if you tend to bite your
nails at work，keep a fidget toy at your desk in advance.Then，if a stressful email comes in，use
the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails.
Breaking a habit takes time，so remember to give yourself grace and have patience through
the process.
1．Why does the author mention “a nail-biting habit” in paragraph 1?
A．To make a comparison.
B．To make a conclusion.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To attract readers’ attention.
2．What is one of the best ways to help us control our action?
A．Having intentions alone.B．Understanding the basis of habits.
C．Making practical plans.
D．Adapting the environments or times.
3．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．Harmful. B．Helpful.
C．Annoying. D．Time-consuming.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Difficulties in Dealing with Nail-biting
B．Significance of Habit Reversal Training
C．Useful Tips on Getting Rid of a Habit
D．Necessity of Having Grace and Patience
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·山东济南一模)
The 13-year-old girl Anna Grace is a volleyball manager，a basketball manager，and a
theater volunteer，but perhaps her greatest 1 is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.
Anna was first diagnosed(诊断)with a rare type of 2 in December of 2019.A softball
player at the time，she told her parents she was experiencing muscle 3 in her left arm，only
lifting it about eye-level.She had to 4 surgery on her left arm.
For the following weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her 5 to make sure she
was cancer-free and then in August of 2023，doctors 6 a spot on her lungs.She had another
7 on September to remove it.Anna said when she was first diagnosed with cancer，it felt like a
learning stage.The second time around，it was a little 8 to accept the news.
And throughout all of this，Anna has had to 9 school work and hospital life.Her
sufferings with cancer forced her to really 10 herself because she was out of school for quite a
while.Now she has 11 and has straight As.Anna’s father，Eric Bartel，said her journey has
inspired him to 12 every moment，enjoying time with his loving daughter.
Anna is doing well these days though.She’s 13 in theater and is a coach’s
assistant.“When you’re on 14 you have to keep fighting，”Anna said.“Always live life
to the fullest each day.You’re loved.Your life 15 .”
1．A.excitement B．achievement
C．devotion D．ambition
2．A.pain B．cold
C．cancer D．fever
3．A.weakness B．growth
C．recovery D．relief
4．A.perform B．haveC．attend D．refuse
5．A.briefly B．occasionally
C．partly D．regularly
6．A.noticed B．erased
C．ignored D．marked
7．A.assessment B．appointment
C．examination D．operation
8．A.harder B．easier
C．stronger D．better
9．A.solve B．connect
C．abandon D．balance
10．A.apply B．control
C．convince D．forgive
11．A.caught up B．held back
C．dropped out D．blown up
12．A.spare B．appreciate
C．imagine D．create
13．A.active B．graceful
C．dominant D．cautious
14．A.vacation B．trust
C．treatment D．duty
15．A.declines B．suffers
C．matters D．waits
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·江苏南通一模)
Tanghulu(also known as bingtang hulu) is a traditional Chinese snack consisting of hardened
sugar coated fruits on a stick.1. (classic)，tanghulu is made of hawthorns that are
rich 2. vitamin C．In recent times，tanghulu makers 3. (add) variety
to this traditional snack by using other fruits such as cherries，strawberries，pineapples or grapes.
Tanghulu can taste sweet or sour ， depending on your fruit.Traditional tanghulu using
hawthorn berries is said to taste like a 4. (combine) of both.You can，of course，
make your own tanghulu using any fruit you desire.
Tanghulu is easier 5. (make) at home than you might think.The trick is to use
the correct water to sugar ratio(比例) and boil the sugar water mixture 6. its
temperature reaches 150 ℃.Then quickly dip your fruit skewer(扦子) into the sugar mixture.This
will result in fruit coated in a thin layer of hard candy that cracks when 7. (bite) into.Tanghulu is commonly eaten in the winter.You can find 8. (travel) traders
roaming(游荡) in the streets，selling this unique snack.If you want to try the sticky treat
9.___________(you)，you can find tanghulu stands near most of the popular tourist attractions in
China.Tanghulu isn’t expensive，as a skewer costs only $1.So，what could possibly stop you
from giving one 10. try?
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．C [推理判断题。第一段前两句提到很多人有咬指甲的习惯并试图改掉，接下来提出大
部分人都有想改掉的习惯，结合末句“So what’s the best way to break one？”可知，第一
段提及“咬指甲”这个坏习惯是为了引出文章主题。故选C。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据第三段“One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to
identify these locations or times of day.Then try to modify them by changing...”可知，管理行
为最好的方法之一是改变习惯的环境或时间。故选D。]
3．A [词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s
less”以及后文的例子“For example，if you tend to bite your nails at work...use the toy when
you feel the urge to bite your nails.”可知，这种训练是要使用玩玩具这种危害性较小的行为来
代替咬指甲这种习惯，由此可推知，detrimental意为“有害的”。故选A。]
4．C [标题归纳题。根据第一段中“And while not all of us are nail-biters，most of us do
have a habit we’d like to kick.So what’s the best way to break one？”以及通读全文可知，文
章主要介绍了改变习惯的一些方法，故选C。]
Ⅱ.
1．B [excitement兴奋，激动；achievement成就；devotion忠诚，奉献；ambition抱负，雄
心。根据空后“the fact that she has beaten cancer twice”可知Anna Grace两度战胜癌症，这
的确是一种伟大的成就。故选B。]
2．C [pain 疼痛；cold 感冒；cancer 癌症；fever 发烧。根据后文“For the following
weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her to make sure she was cancer-free”可
知安娜是被诊断出癌症。故选 C项。]
3．A [weakness 虚弱；growth 成长；recovery 恢复；relief 宽慰。根据后文“in her left
arm，only lifting it about eye-level”可知安娜的左臂只能抬到眼睛的高度，所以可以推断肌
肉是虚弱无力的。故选A。]4．B [perform 实施；have 有，接受；attend 出席；refuse 拒绝。根据后文“For the
following weekends after the surgery，doctors scanned her”可知此处指的是安娜不得不接受手
术。have surgery“接受手术”。故选B。]
5．D [briefly 简短地；occasionally 偶尔；partly 部分地；regularly 定期地。根据空前
“doctors scanned her”和空后“to make sure she was cancer-free”可知，手术后医生定期扫
描检查来确定她体内没有癌变。故选D。]
6．A [notice注意到；erase清除；ignore忽视；mark标志。根据空后“a spot on her lungs”
和“remove it”可知此处指的是医生定期扫描时发现她肺上有一个斑点。故选A。]
7．D [assessment评估；appointment 约定；examination考试；operation手术。根据上文
“For the following weekends after the surgery...a spot on her lungs.”以及空前“She had
another”可知安娜进行了第二次手术，切除了肺部的斑点。故选D。]
8．B [harder更难的；easier更容易的；stronger更强壮的；better更好的。根据前文“Anna
said when she was first diagnosed with cancer，it felt like a learning stage.The second time
around，it was a little”可知在安娜看来第二次诊断出癌症就像学习第二遍知识一样，接受起
来要比第一次容易。故选B。]
9．D [solve解决；connect连接；abandon抛弃；balance平衡。根据空后“school work and
hospital life”并结合安娜两次患癌且需定期检查可知安娜在这一过程中需要平衡学习和医院
生活。故选D。]
10．A [apply勤奋工作，努力学习；control控制；convince说服；forgive原谅。根据空后
“herself because she was out of school for quite a while.Now she has and has straight
As”可知因为身患癌症，安娜的学习落下了很多，所以她迫使自己努力学习。apply
oneself“勤奋工作，努力学习”。故选A。]
11．A [catch up赶上；hold back阻止；drop out辍学；blow up爆炸。根据空后“and has
straight As”可知安娜的成绩都是A，所以可以推断经过一番努力安娜终于赶上来了。故选
A。]
12．B [spare匀出；appreciate感激，重视；imagine想象；create创造。根据空后“every
moment，enjoying time with his loving daughter”可知安娜与癌症作斗争的经历让父亲深受感
动，所以父亲非常珍惜与女儿在一起的时光。故选B。]
13．A [active积极的；graceful优雅的；dominant占支配地位的；cautious谨慎的。根据空
前“Anna is doing well these days though.”以及空后“Always live life to the fullest each day.”
可知战胜癌症后的安娜在戏剧方面非常积极。故选A。]
14．C [vacation假期；trust信任；treatment治疗，对待；duty责任。根据全文内容以及空
后“you have to keep fighting”可知此处指的是安娜因为癌症必须接受治疗。故选C。]
15．C [decline下降；suffer遭受；matter重要，有关系；wait等待。根据前文“You’reloved.Your life”可知在安娜看来我们都被爱着，我们的生命非常重要。故选C。]
Ⅲ.1.Classically 2.in 3.have added 4.combination 5.to make 6.until/till 7.bitten
8.traveling/travelling
9．yourself 10.a
