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作业 5 生活与学习类记叙文
(分值：30分)
记叙文阅读文体解读
记叙文通常遵循清晰的叙述线索，按照时间顺序或事件发展的逻辑顺序来组织
文体结构
内容。这样的结构有助于读者更好地理解和把握故事情节的发展。
记叙文的语言通常较为生动、形象，通过具体的描写和叙述来展现人物、场景
语言风格 和事件。同时，记叙文的语言也注重情感表达，通过细腻的描绘来传达作者的
情感和态度。
记叙文往往围绕一个中心事件或主题展开，通过具体的故事情节来反映人物的
内容表达 性格特点、情感变化以及社会现象等。这些内容通常具有现实意义和教育意
义，能够引发读者的共鸣和思考。
记叙文的阅读题目通常涉及对故事情节、人物形象、主题思想等方面的理解和
题目设置 分析。这些题目旨在检验学生对记叙文阅读理解和分析的能力，要求学生能够
准确把握文章的主旨大意，理解作者的写作意图和情感表达。
记叙文阅读解题技法
策略指导 技法解读
快速浏览全文，把握文章的整体结构和主要信息。特别注意首段
通读全文，抓住中心 和每段的段首、段尾句，这些地方通常包含文章的中心思想和关
键信息。
在解题前，要仔细阅读题目，明确题目要求。确定题目类型，如
仔细审题，明确问题
细节理解题、推理判断题等，以便针对性地运用解题策略。
根据题目要求，在文中定位关键信息。可以使用关键词定位法，
定位关键信息
如人名、地名、时间等，帮助快速找到相关段落或句子。
在阅读和解题过程中，要注重上下文之间的联系。理解作者在叙
注意上下文联系 述中的逻辑关系和情感变化，有助于更准确地把握文章的主旨和
细节。
通过分析文章的语言、结构和内容，理解作者的写作意图和态
理解作者意图和态度
度。这有助于把握文章的整体氛围，从而更准确地回答问题。
在选择题中，注意排除与文章内容不符或与问题无关的干扰项。
排除干扰项
对比各选项，选择最符合文章内容和问题要求的答案。
完成题目后，复查答案，确保答案与文章内容相符，没有逻辑错
复查答案
误或语言错误。
(每小题2.5分，满分30分)A
(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and
high school kids.And at first it is，says Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts，a school garden program at four low-income schools.The program aims to help students
develop science skills，environmental awareness，and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to
find and fast food restaurants ①outnumber grocery stores.“The kids literally come to school with
bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says.“They come to us thinking vegetables
are awful，dirt is awful，insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and
turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes，at two middle schools and two high schools，include hands-on
experiments such as soil testing，flower-and-seed dissection，tastings of fresh or dried produce，
and work in the garden.Several times a year，students cook the vegetables they grow，and they
occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.“We have
students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating
differently，” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition.Some students get so interested in
②gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.Besides，working in
the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students，many of
whom have emotional control issues.“They get outside ，” she says，“and they feel
successful.”
语篇解读 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的
Urban Sprouts项目，让学生爱上蔬菜种植，对学生影响深远。
1．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?
A．She used to be a health worker.
B．She grew up in a low-income family.
C．She owns a fast food restaurant.
D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is，says Abby Jaramillo，who with another
teacher started Urban Sprouts”可知，Abby Jaramillo是Urban Sprouts项目的发起者。故选
D。
2．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?A．The kids’ parents distrusted her.
B．Students had little time for her classes.
C．Some kids disliked garden work.
D．There was no space for school gardens.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“They come to us thinking vegetables are awful，dirt is
awful，insects are awful.”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
3．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?
A．③Far-reaching. B．Predictable.
C．Short-lived. D．④Unidentifiable.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而
且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，
该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Rescuing School Gardens
B．Experiencing Country Life
C．Growing Vegetable Lovers
D．Changing Local Landscape
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了 Abby Jaramillo等老师
在低收入学校发起的学校园艺项目 Urban Sprouts对学生影响深远，让越来越多的学生爱上
蔬菜种植，并开始种植自己的菜园。故选C。
语境猜词
①outnumber(合)＝out＋number
②garden 熟义：n.花园 生义(文义)：v.
③far-reaching(合)＝far＋reaching
④unidentifiable(派)＝un＋identif(y)＋iable
B
(2023·全国甲)
Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself)．Skilled at putting up
shelves and piecing together furniture，she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.From the age of six，
Terri，now 26，accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays.A day’s work wasrewarded with ￡5 in pocket money.She says，“I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start
with.But when Derek built our family house about eight years ago，I was heavily involved(参与)，
painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house.It took weeks and it was
①backbreaking work，but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri，who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth，South West London，says DIY
also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期) comes to an end.She adds，“I’ve
moved house many times and I always like to ②personalise my room and put up pictures.So，it’s
been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve
moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks，new research
shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long，warm summer
days to get jobs done.The average spend per project will be around ￡ 823.A third of people aim
to improve their comfort while at home.③Two fifths wish to increase the value of their
houses.Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby，the research shows it is women
now leading the charge.
5．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A．An artist. B．A winner.
C．A specialist. D．A pioneer.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线短语后文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together...”
可推知，此处指Terri Bolton是一位DIY高手。C项最接近画线短语的意思。故选C。
6．Why did Terri’s grandfather give her ￡5 a day?
A．For a birthday gift.
B．As a treat for her work.
C．To support her DIY projects.
D．To encourage her to take up a hobby.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段前三句以及最后一句可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑
是作为对她工作的奖励。故选B。
7．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?
A．By making it look like before.
B．By furnishing it herself.
C．By splitting the rent with a roommate.
D．By cancelling the rental agreement.
答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句和最后一句可推知，Terri通过粉饰房间，让它看起
来像以前一样，以此来避免被扣除租房的押金。故选A。
8．What trend in DIY does the research show?
A．It is becoming more costly.
B．It is getting more ④time-consuming.
C．It is turning into a seasonal industry.
D．It is gaining popularity among females.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。通过最后一段中的“the research shows it is women now leading the
charge”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
语境猜词
①backbreaking(合)＝back＋breaking
②personalise(派)＝person＋al＋ise
③two fifths
④time-consuming(合)＝time＋consuming
C
(2024·江苏宿迁一模)
I was surprised to find the congestion(拥塞) outside Layla’s primary school was unusually
absent—I’d driven right into a parking space，and I was on time，for once.The school bell
rang，and in a moment a stream of children made their way through the gate.But something was
different—the kids were piling into vehicles ①in threes and fours.
Before I could enquire my daughter Layla，Mr Trent，the deputy head，approached.“Mrs
Pavis，didn’t you read our letter？” Letter? What letter? I had a history of not looking out for
them，and not reading them in most cases.“The letter? Of course.It must have just slipped my
mind—I’ve been busy with work.”
Now I was digging around in Layla’s messy schoolbag at home.Eventually，I found several
letters，all addressing the same topic—parking outside the school gates.Apparently with some
parents parking illegally，the police were about to get involved.“Why didn’t you give me these
letters？” I demanded.Layla shrugged，“I forgot.” I was about to launch into a severe lecture
when it occurred to me that I had always forgotten—I had forgotten to give Layla her money for
cookery that morning and forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed clothes.
I contained myself and figured out that they wanted the parents to car-pool(拼车)．I spent the
next half hour ringing round Layla’s friends’ parents，enquiring if they would like to car-pool
with us.Unfortunately，they were all sorted.It was my own fault—I should have read those lettersages ago.“Er...I overheard others talking about it，” Layla said.“They said they didn’t know
who would car-pool with us，because we’re always late.” I flushed instantly.We were a
②disorganised family，and I was the one to blame.
I resolved to change.With responsibility for my kids，I find I am never late.It’s good for
Layla and for her older brothers，and it’s good for me，because now I never leave the house
③unprepared.I’ve even started checking the kids’ schoolbags for notes from school.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在参与孩子的学校生活时发现自己的粗心
大意，并且因为迟到，其他家长拒绝和自己拼车，于是作者决心改变，承担起对孩子的责
任，再也没有迟到过。
9．What did the author notice when the school was over?
A．It was hard to find a parking space.
B．Children were picked up in groups.
C．Her daughter was absent from class.
D．She arrived much earlier than others.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The school bell rang...into vehicles in threes and fours.”可
知，放学后作者注意到孩子们被成群地接走。故选B。
10．What stopped the author criticizing her daughter?
A．The reflection of her daily routine.
B．The realization of her carelessness.
C．The knowledge of her kid’s character.
D．The awareness of her kid’s depression.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段末句“I was about to...forgotten to hang out the kids’ washed
clothes.”可知，作者正准备严厉地训斥女儿一顿，却突然想到自己经常忘记去做一些事，
意识到自己的粗心大意阻止了作者批评她的女儿。故选B。
11．Why did others refuse to car-pool with them according to Layla?
A．Because they contacted them late.
B．Because they failed to keep the house tidy.
C．Because they couldn’t be on time.
D．Because they ignored the school’s request.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段莱拉说的话“They said they didn’t know who would
car-pool with us，because we’re always late.”可知，其他人拒绝与她们拼车是因为她们不能准时。故选C。
12．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Action creates motivation.
B．Mother’s love never changes.
C．It’s never too late to mend.
D．Patience is the key to success.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了作者在参与孩子的学校生活时发现自己的粗心大意，并
且因为迟到，其他家长拒绝和自己拼车，于是作者决心改变，承担起对孩子的责任，再也没
有迟到过。由此可推知，文章告诉我们“亡羊补牢，未为晚也”的道理。故选C。
语境猜词
①in threes and fours
②disorganised(派)＝dis＋organise＋d
③unprepared(派)＝un＋prepare＋d
语境猜词答案
A．①数目超过；比……多 ②做园艺工作；种植花木 ③影响深远的 ④无法辨认的
B．①非常辛劳的 ②使个性化 ③五分之二 ④耗时的
C．①三五成群 ②缺乏组织的，杂乱无章的 ③无准备的
