文档内容
作业 22 文学与艺术类说明文
(分值：37.5分)
(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
As an artist who shares her journey on social media，I’m often asked by curious followers
how to begin an art journey.Unfortunately，there is no magic list I can offer.I do remember，
though，what it was like to be a complete beginner.So I’ve put together some good tips for
starting an art journey.
·Start small.I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本) for small ①studies.These small studies
provide inspiration and may be a ②springboard for more complex works in the future. 1
You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life.There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush
miles.Whether you paint still lifes，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible.
2
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 3 Artistic growth can be a bit
painful.Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there.I love taking on challenges.I once took up a
challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
· 4 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈) is crucial to growth.I post my
work on social media and，in turn，have met some of the kindest people.They make me feel
valued and respected，no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 5 Push through，give it time and
put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A．Get out of your comfort zone.
B．Make career plans and set goals.
C．Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E．You’ll hit roadblocks，and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F．Evaluate your performance and，if needed，③redefine your role.
G．You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
1．答案 C
解析 根据设空处前后文内容可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行
小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项(不要扔掉你初学时的艺术作品)符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C。
2．答案 G
解析 设空处位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文可知，本段主要讲述要不断练习绘画，
所以G项(你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)是对前文的总结。故选
G。
3．答案 A
解析 根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new.”以及后文“Artistic
growth can be a bit painful.”可知，A项(走出你的舒适区)是对前句的进一步说明，且与后文
构成顺承关系。故选A。
4．答案 D
解析 设空处位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文内容可知，本段主要讲述的是可以分享
自己的作品，所以D项(如果你感觉舒适的话，可以分享你的作品)符合本段的主旨。故选
D。
5．答案 E
解析 根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path.”以及后文“Push
through，give it time and put in the effort.You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.”可知，
E项(你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)是对前句的进一步说明，且与后文构成顺承关系。
故选E。
语境猜词
①study熟义：v.学习，研究 生义(文义)：n. ( 绘画的 ) 试画
②springboard(合)＝spring＋board跳板；出发点
③redefine(派)＝re＋define重新定义，重新界定
B
(2022·新课标Ⅱ)
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people.However，the process can be made
easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
1 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay，put your pen to your paper
and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.Stay loose and
free. 2 Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.Even though this technique won’t work for
everyone，it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 3
Yet ， by learning to live with ①imperfection ， you will save yourself headaches and a
②wastepaper basket full of crumpled(弄皱) paper.Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the
jungle—as part of an exploration，not as a complete highway.The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced(三倍行距) copy to allow space for
revision. 4 As a result，these writers never get in the habit of ③crossing out chunks(大块) of
their draft and writing revisions in the blank space.After you have revised your draft until it is too
messy to work from anymore，you can enter your changes into your word processor. 5 The
resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A．Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B．Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C．The second draft of the essay should be better.
D．First of all，learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E．Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F．Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G．Then you can print out a fresh draft，again setting your text on triple-space.
1．答案 D
解析 分析文章结构和后两段首句可知，空格处是本段的主题句。由空后的“When you are
first...leave the paper.”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项概括了本段的主要
内容，可作为主题句。
2．答案 B
解析 空前说“Stay loose and free.”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.”，
因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，承上启
下，符合语境。
3．答案 E
解析 E选项中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想
第一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此 E选项承上启下，符合语
境。
4．答案 F
解析 F选项中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其
中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符
合语境。
5．答案 G
解析 根据空前和空后内容可知，空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项说的
是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank
space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境。
语境猜词
①imperfection(派)＝im＋perfect＋ion不完美；瑕疵②wastepaper(合)＝waste＋paper废纸；纸屑
③cross out划掉
C
(2024·广东深圳一模)
Art comes in two main categories: realistic and abstract.Realistic art aims to show real-life
scenes，people，and objects exactly as they appear.It involves paying close attention to details，
making things look like photographs. 1 It’s more about expressing feelings，emotions，and
ideas.
Realistic art is easy to understand.Viewers can easily recognize what is portrayed.Take the
Mona Lisa，for example—it’s a realistic painting of a lady with a mysterious smile. 2 They
help us to learn about the past.
Unlike realistic art，abstract art is more about being creative. 3 They use shapes，colors
and patterns to express feelings and ideas.Abstract art means different things to different
people.Some people enjoy trying to figure out what the artwork conveys.
4 Realistic art needs precision in drawing or sculpting to make things look real.Abstract
art requires imagination to use shapes and colors in new ways.Many artists are skilled in both.They
create realistic pieces to demonstrate their technical skills and abstract ones to display their
①creativity.
As for personal preference，some people prefer the clear stories of realistic art while others
are attracted to the mystery of abstract art ， interpreting meanings in the shapes and
forms.Together，the two kinds of art make the art world diverse and ②engaging. 5
A．Both types of art take skills to make.
B．Photographs preserve faces of folks from long ago.
C．Grasping abstract art demands more artistic training.
D．Both ways of creating art have their own value and beauty.
E．In contrast，abstract art focuses less on realistic appearances.
F．Artworks like this tell stories about history and everyday life.
G．Artists have the freedom to go beyond real-life ③representations.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要以现实主义艺术和抽象艺术为主题讲述了各自的特
点，在表现形式方面的各自特点形成了艺术世界的多样性和美的价值。
1．答案 E
解析 根据后文“It’s more about...and ideas.(它更多的是表达感觉、情感和想法。)”并结
合常识可知，该句的主题是抽象艺术，因此可推知，设空句应提到抽象艺术。选项 E“In
contrast，abstract art focuses less on realistic appearances.(相比之下，抽象艺术较少关注现实的外观)”符合题意，空后的It指代选项中“abstract art”，同时“In contrast”可与前文构成对
比关系，前后衔接紧密。故选E项。
2．答案 F
解析 根据前文“Take the Mona Lisa...a mysterious smile.(以《蒙娜丽莎》为例，这是一幅
现实主义画作，画的是一位带着神秘微笑的女士。)”可知，设空句应对这个《蒙娜丽莎》
的举例进行总结，并体现现实主义艺术的特点。选项 F“Artworks like this tell stories about
history and everyday life.(像这样的艺术品讲述了历史和日常生活的故事)”符合题意，与后文
“help us to learn about the past(帮助我们了解过去)”在内容上衔接紧密。故选F项。
3．答案 G
解析 根据前文“Unlike realistic art，abstract art is more about being creative.(与现实主义艺
术不同，抽象艺术更注重创造性。)”可知，该段在讲述抽象艺术的特点。设空句承接前文，
应是对抽象艺术的特点“创造性”进行进一步解释。选项G“Artists have the freedom to go
beyond real-life representations.(艺术家有超越现实生活表现的自由)”中“超越现实生活表现
的自由”即为前文提及的“创造性”的进一步解释，同时呼应后文“They use shapes，colors
and patterns to express feelings and ideas.”。故选G项。
4．答案 A
解析 设空句为该段的首句，应是该段的主旨句。根据后文“Realistic art needs...in both.(现
实主义艺术需要精确的绘画或雕刻，使事物看起来真实。抽象艺术需要想象力，以新的方式
使用形状和颜色。许多艺术家在这两方面都很熟练。)”可知，该段讲述的核心内容是两种
艺术创作都需要技巧以及艺术家们对两种艺术的应用。选项A“Both types of art take skills to
make.(这两种类型的艺术都需要技巧去创作)”可总结该段的核心内容，作为该段的首句。
故选A项。
5．答案 D
解析 根据前文“Together，the two kinds of art...engaging.(这两种艺术共同使艺术世界多样
化和引人入胜。)”可知，作为末尾部分，前文以及设空句应是对两种艺术形式的褒义总结。
选项D“Both ways of creating art have their own value and beauty(两种艺术创作方式都有各自
的价值和美)”符合题意，与前文在句意上衔接紧密，可作为末尾句。故选D项。
语境猜词
①creativity(派)＝creativ(e)＋ity创造力，独创性
②engaging(派)＝engag(e)＋ing迷人的，吸引人的
③representation(派)＝represent＋ation表现
