文档内容
作业 21 工作学习实用指南类说明文
(分值：37.5分)
(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2024·山东潍坊二模)
It was dinner time，yet I hadn’t finished my work for the day.①Cheery people who were
enjoying their holiday time buzzed around me.But with my head down and headphones in，I had
interacted with very few of them.The day passed more like a ②fast-forwarded video than
something that I actually fully experienced. 1
This was my first week living the digital nomad lifestyle.I had left my corporate role and
found freelance(自由职业的) writing work online to afford me the freedom to travel. 2 With
enthusiasm，I expected my attitude would also change.Instead，the first surprising realization of
my travel journey had hit: despite changing my formal suits to casuals，I was the exact same
person I had been at home.
I had prepared excitedly，surfing online about digital nomadism. 3 While you might
expect finances to be the biggest killer of this lifestyle，unrealistic expectations are the death blow
that I hear about most often.After six years abroad，realism is now the primary message I share.
4 Instead of an office room ， you’ll work from a balcony overlooking the
Mediterranean or a sunny rooftop in the heart of Marrakesh.Instead of waiting at the coffee
machine next to complaining colleagues ， your daily coffee run will lead you down dusty
cobblestone streets into tiny cafes.These dreams exist and are waiting for you once you clear
customs.
But that’s not all that’s waiting for new digital nomads. 5 At-home life and life on the
road can at times feel shockingly similar，or，if bad work habits take over，even worse.It’s an
important expectation to understand before you set out on your digital nomad lifestyle: your
surroundings will change，but you take you everywhere that you go.No matter how ③ultra-light
you pack.
A．And my surroundings looked different.
B．But this wasn’t at a tiring nine-to-five office job.
C．This was a typical day back in my office I managed to escape.
D．New surroundings may also make you fully engaged in your work.
E．Should you choose to become a digital nomad，your environment will change.
F．You’ll still wake up with emails in your inbox and to-dos begging to be handled.
G．Yet somehow I unknowingly over-consumed expectation and under-consumed realism.语篇解读 本篇讲述了作者初次体验移动办公digital nomad的生活，突出了移动办公在期
望与现实中的区别。
1．答案 B
解析 本空前一句说明作者的一天过得很快，这与上文描写的其他人悠闲的样子形成了反差，
结合全文可以理解为是对移动办公(digital nomad)的描写。B项“但这不是在朝九晚五的办
公室工作”进一步点出了移动办公的性质，故选B。
2．答案 A
解析 本空前一句提到了作者离开了本来工作的公司成为自由职业者，这是一种环境的改变，
A项中“surroundings looked different”与之相对应。
3．答案 G
解析 本空前一句提到作者曾激动地上网搜索“移动办公”，这体现出他对这种生活方式充
满期望；后一句作者以过来者的身份，表明移动办公的最大障碍不是资金而是不切实际的期
望。由此可知，空格处应提到作者不切实际的期望，忽视了现实。G项“然而不知何故，我
在不知不觉中过度消费了期望，缺乏现实主义”符合语境。
4．答案 E
解析 下文主要讲述了移动办公与传统办公环境的区别。E项“如果你选择移动办公，你的
环境会改变”体现出了移动办公与传统办公的区别。
5．答案 F
解析 本空前一句提到了“移动办公并不都是那样的”，结合上一段内容可知，其中的
“that”指移动办公与传统办公的区别，因此本空应该填移动办公与传统办公的相似之处。
F项中“邮箱爆满，忙不过来”是传统办公的特点，“still”表示此时已经脱离传统办公，
表现出移动办公与传统办公有相似之处。
语境猜词
①cheery(派)＝cheer＋y愉快的，高兴的
②fast-forwarded(合)＝fast＋forwarded快进的
③ultra-light(合)＝ultra＋light超轻的
B
(2024·安徽蚌埠三模)
Ways to increase your reading speed
In a world ①overflowing with information，the ability to read quickly and effectively is a
valuable skill.Increasing your reading speed is a journey that combines technique，practice，and a
patient mindset. 1
Active reading.Active reading involves engaging with the material rather than passively absorbing
words.Techniques such as underlining key phrases，taking brief notes and asking questions about
the content can significantly enhance your reading speed. 2 That ultimately leads to a quicker
reading pace.
Expand your peripheral(周边的) vision.
A substantial portion of reading involves the movement of your eyes across lines of text.By
expanding your peripheral vision，you can take in more words with each glance. 3 This
adjustment can lead to a significant increase in reading speed while maintaining comprehension.
Minimise subvocalisation(默读)．
Subvocalisation，or the habit of pronouncing each word in your head as you read，can be a
major barrier to reading speed. 4 To break the subvocalisation habit，try reading passages
where the content is presented visually，such as in graphs or charts.This exercise encourages your
brain to process information without relying on the inner voice，gradually reducing the need for
subvocalisation.
5
Like any skill，increasing your reading speed requires consistent practice.Set aside devoted
time each day for focused reading practice.Gradually increase the ②complexity and length of the
material，challenging your brain to read faster while maintaining comprehension.This intentional
and varied practice is key to improving your ③newfound speed-reading skills.
A．Practice regularly.
B．Concentrate on reading.
C．By following the strategies，you’ll be looking through texts in no time.
D．These actions force your brain to stay focused and process information more efficiently.
E．Gradually，your eyes will become better at capturing information in a wider field of vision.
F．Despite a natural part of early reading development，it can ④block progress of reading faster.
G．Practice widening your focus to capture groups of words rather than focusing on one word at a
time.
1．答案 C
解析 由上文“In a world overflowing with information...valuable skill.(在一个信息泛滥的世界
里，快速有效阅读的能力是一项宝贵的技能。)”可知，本空要说跟“提高阅读速度策略”
有关的话题，故 C选项“By following the strategies，you’ll be looking through texts in no
time.(通过遵循这些策略，你很快就会浏览文本。)”能承接上文，引起下文，符合题意。故
选C。
2．答案 D
解析 上文“Techniques such as underlining key phrases...reading speed.”提到了提高阅读速度的技巧，本空承接上文继续讲这些技巧带来的好处。D选项“These actions force your
brain to stay focused and process information more efficiently.”符合题意，其中的“These
actions” 指 代 上 句 中 的 “ underlining key phrases”“taking brief notes” 和 “ asking
questions”。故选D。
3．答案 G
解析 由上文“A substantial portion of reading...with each glance.(阅读的很大一部分涉及你的
眼睛在文本行的运动。通过扩大你的周边视野，你每看一眼就能吸收更多的单词。)”可知，
本空要说跟“每看一眼就能吸收更多的单词”有关的话题，故G选项“Practice widening
your...one word at a time.(练习扩大你的注意力，捕捉一组单词，而不是一次只关注一个单
词)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
4．答案 F
解析 由上文“Minimise subvocalisation(默读)．”可知，本空要说跟“减少默读的原因”
有关的话题，故 F 选项“Despite a natural part of early reading development，it can block
progress of reading faster.(尽管它是早期阅读发展的自然组成部分，但它会阻碍快速阅读的发
展。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
5．答案 A
解析 由下文内容“Like any skill...speed-reading skills.(像任何技能一样，提高阅读速度需要
持续的练习。每天留出专门的时间进行集中的阅读练习。逐渐增加材料的复杂性和长度，挑
战你的大脑在保持理解的同时读得更快。这种有意识的、多样化的练习是提高你新发现的快
速阅读技能的关键。)”可知，本空要说跟“定期练习”有关的话题，故A选项“Practice
regularly.”能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选A。
语境猜词
①overflow(合)＝over＋flow充满，挤满
②complexity(派)＝complex＋ity复杂性
③newfound(合)＝new＋found新发现的；新得到的
④block 熟义：n.一块(木料、石头等)；街段，街区 生义(文义)：v.阻碍
C
(2024·辽宁沈阳一模)
When it comes to studying，most of us ①bank on being able to focus on our subject like a
shooter on his mission target.It is when we actually sit down to study that our minds begin to slip
away.This is because focus is like a muscle.Unless you build it ，you’ll be distracted by
everything！ 1
•Make a to-do list
Sometimes the simple act of writing down everything that’s on your plate makes it moremanageable.You get it out of your working memory，so it’s no longer part of the ②free-floating
anxiety cloud around you. 2 Once it’s out of your head，it won’t distract you.
•Meditate(冥想)
3 Just breathe in，breathe out.Try this for five to fifteen minutes each day.As you get
into this practice，most find their minds are in fact an incredibly noisy and distracting place.Loads
of ideas are always popping up.This is normal，though.The real value is in noticing every time
your mind wanders，you bring your attention back.
•Listen
Focused listening is a life skill，one that can be applied in many areas. 4 When you do
this，you’ll discover that deep listening is HARD WORK and requires brain power.
•Read difficult works
Read long-form pieces of work at a slow ， deliberate pace.Reading difficult material
successfully requires real concentration and determination ， and your willpower will grow
accordingly.
Focus is a skill you can nurture in yourself. 5 The more you work on it，the more
focused you will stay.
A．You can cross things out，one by one.
B．Doing it isn’t supposed to be necessary.
C．It takes effort，but the results are well worth it.
D．One simple practice is to focus on your breathing.
E．Let’s see what you can do to build your focus power.
F．You’ll be physically strong if you can power up your focus.
G．It’s important to do your listening actively and ③single-mindedly.
1．答案 E
解析 上文“This is because focus is like...by everything！(这是因为专注就像肌肉一样。除非
你锻炼它，否则你会被所有事情分散注意力！)”说明专注力需要培养。结合下面四个小标
题可知，空处引出培养专注力的方法。E项“Let’s see what you can do to build your focus
power.(让我们看看你能做些什么来培养你的专注力)”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
2．答案 A
解析 根据该部分的小标题“Make a to-do list”和上文“You get it out ...around you.(你把它
从你的工作记忆中清除了，所以它不再是你周围自由漂浮的焦虑云的一部分)”可知，该段
主要讲述的方法是将列出的待办事项一件件去完成，A项“You can cross things out，one by
one.(你可以一个接一个划掉)”承接上文，并且引出下文“Once it’s out of your head，it
won’t distract you.”说明将列出的待办事项一件件完成就是在消除焦虑，使其不再分散你
的注意力。故选A。3．答案 D
解析 该部分小标题“Meditate(冥想)”说明该段主要讲述冥想有助于培养专注力，且下文
“Just breathe in...each day.(吸气，呼气。每天尝试5到15分钟。)”讲到呼吸方法，空处也
应该和呼吸有关，D项“One simple practice is to focus on your breathing.(一个简单的练习就
是专注于你的呼吸)”呼应小标题，引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
4．答案 G
解析 根据该部分的小标题“Listen”和上文“Focused listening is...many areas.(专注倾听是
一项生活技能，可以应用于许多领域。)”可知，倾听也有助于培养专注力，G项“It’s
important to do your listening actively and single-mindedly.(积极、一心一意地倾听是很重要
的)”呼应小标题，衔接上文，引出下文“When you do this...requires brain power.”，其中
this指代G项中的“to do your listening actively and single-mindedly”。故选G项。
5．答案 C
解析 上文“Focus is a skill you can nurture in yourself.(专注力是一种你可以自己培养的技
能。)”说明专注力可以通过培养获得，下文“The more you work on it，the more focused you
will stay.(你做得越多，你就会越专注。)”说明专注力越培养越有效。C项“It takes effort，
but the results are well worth it.(这需要努力，但结果是值得的)”说明为培养专注力做出的努
力会有回报，承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
语境猜词
①bank on指望，期待
②free-floating(合)＝free＋floating自由浮动的；浮动的
③single-mindedly(合)＝single＋minded＋ly一心一意地；专心地
