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作业 20 生活实用指南类说明文
(分值：37.5分)
(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2022·浙江1月)
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do，but I have made specific choices that allow me
to make the most of every day，and still feel happy and relaxed. 1
•Pick the most important.
2 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.I chose the life of an adviser
because I like to work with companies，but don’t want the life of a big company CEO.My
choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
•Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends，family，work，
play，etc. 3 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.Build your social life around
people in your work environment.Find people in your company who share common interests and
develop your career(职业) around the people and activities you love.
• 4
You would think learning takes more time from you，but actually there are always new ways
of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks ， freeing you up for the most
important.Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
•Lighten up.
The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things
undone.Celebrate progress and keep ①refining toward a happy productive existence. 5 Every
completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A．Speed up.
B．Be an active learner.
C．Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D．Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E．The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F．Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G．This is why making lists is important in any ②productivity ③handbook.
1．答案 F
解析 上文说作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，并且依然感到快乐和轻松，根据下文各段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项中的
“help you make the most of your time”与上文“to make the most of every day”一致，
“tips”引出下文的建议。故选F。
2．答案 D
解析 根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的；下文
“Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.”说明要挑选一些有趣的和富有成
效的事情去做，D项中的“what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的“the most important”
一致，下文是对“Make choices”的具体解释。故选D。
3．答案 C
解析 根据空前一句“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with
friends，family，work，play，etc.”可知，许多人非常想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好时间。
下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.”说明可以寻找一些方法把事情组合在
一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C项“不要试图在
它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
4．答案 B
解析 空格处为段落小标题。根据下文的介绍可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但
总是能有一些方法为你节省出时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。B项“做有效的学
习者”适合作段落标题，故选B。
5．答案 G
解析 下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.”说明事情要一件一
件去做，G项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G项“这就是为什么列清单在任何生
产效率手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境。选项中的 productivity 呼应空前一句中的
productive。故选G。
语境猜词
①refine(派)＝re＋fine 改进，改善
②productivity(派)＝product＋ive＋ty生产率，生产力
③handbook(合)＝hand＋book手册，指南
B
(2024·河南信阳二模)
The secret to truly enjoying life lies in making small changes to everyday lives.Taking care of
yourself and connecting with others are just some of the ways you can live a happy life.We’ve
made an ①extensive list of practical tips. 1
Put yourself and your happiness first.While making a decision，choose the things that will
make you the most pleased. 2 When you focus on your passions and interests，you’ll feelmore optimistic and ②energized.And allow yourself to be involved in the small things that can
keep your spirits up，such as going for a short walk each day.
Reward yourself for making progress and continuing to grow.Make sure to celebrate even the
smallest signs of progress and growth rather than only praising yourself for the successes.Give
yourself an encouraging gesture or word occasionally. 3 Or，be sure to reward yourself with
small breaks throughout the workday.
4 Rather than ③bottling up all of your thoughts and keeping them to yourself，let others
know when you need something.Doing so can help you become more confident and feel like you
have control over your life.When you speak your mind and live life on your own terms，you’ll
be more content.
Turn off the news every now and then.Consuming too much negative news can lead to
stress.While it’s great to keep up with current events，the news can have a bad effect on your
happiness levels if lots of negative things have happened recently. 5 If you still want to read，
avoid potentially stressful topics.
A．Be honest about your wants and needs.
B．Don’t be afraid to seek out new experiences.
C．They’ll help you enjoy your life to the fullest.
D．Also，make taking care of yourself a top priority.
E．Invest your time and resources in improving yourself.
F．Even just skipping it for a day or two might help ease your worry.
G．Buy yourself a treat whenever you cross something off your to-do list.
1．答案 C
解析 上文提到“照顾好自己以及与他人建立良好关系只是你可以过上幸福生活的一些方式，
我们列出了广泛的实用技巧”，故空处内容应与这些技巧有关，因此C项“它们会帮你最
大限度地享受生活”符合语境，故选C。
2．答案 D
解析 上文“Put yourself and your happiness first...the most pleased.(把你自己和你的幸福放在
第一位。在做决定的时候，选择最让你满意的事情。)”说明要考虑你的快乐，D项“此外，
把照顾好自己放在第一位”符合语境，D项中的“priority”与本段第一句中的“first”属于
语义复现。故选D。
3．答案 G
解析 上文“Give yourself an encouraging gesture or word occasionally.(偶尔给自己一个鼓励
的手势或话语。)”说明要奖励自己取得的进步及成长，空处内容承接上文也应是关于奖励
自己的具体做法。因此G项“每当你从待办事项清单上划掉一些东西时，犒劳一下自己”
符合语境，故选G。4．答案 A
解析 下文“Rather than bottling up...control over your life.(当你需要什么的时候，要让别人
知道，而不是把你所有的想法都藏起来，留给自己。这样做可以帮助你变得更加自信，感觉
自己可以控制自己的生活。)”说明要说出自己的需求，不要隐藏，因此A项“不隐瞒你的
需要和需求”能概括本段主旨，故选A。
5．答案 F
解析 上文“While it’s great to keep up with current events...have happened recently.(虽然了解
时事是件好事，但如果最近发生了很多负面的事情，这个消息可能会对你的幸福水平产生不
利影响。)”说明负面新闻会对幸福水平有不良影响，故空处应涉及看新闻的正确做法。因
此F项“即使只有一两天不看新闻也可能有助于减轻你的担忧”符合语境，故选F。
语境猜词
①extensive(派)＝ex＋tens＋ive广阔的；广泛的
②energize(派)＝energ(y)＋ize 使充满热情
③bottle up压抑，抑制；隐瞒
C
(2024·广东汕头一模)
The Decluttering Philosophy That
Keeps Your Home Organized
When you sit at your desk，you may constantly be confronted by chaos. 1 Here an expert
shares some useful strategies to ①keep our messes at bay and her decluttering philosophy—getting
rid of unnecessary possessions and distractions.
2 “What becomes clutter and where your clutter collects can say a lot about what’s
going on with you.” Thus the first thing you should keep in mind is to understand your
clutter.When you understand the reasons behind your clutter，it’s a lot easier to know what to
keep and what to get rid of.
When it comes to organizing，don’t bite off more than you can chew.If you start off with
too big a goal，you might get discouraged if the job takes too long. 3 Instead，start with
something less challenging.You can also work within short time restrictions.All in all，setting
realistic goals and breaking tasks up into manageable portions can really help.
Once you’ve chosen an area to declutter，make a list of everything you have in that
space.Then comes the hardest part: figuring out what to get rid of.At this stage，please look at your
items with neutral eyes. 4
②Admittedly，it’s easy to be organized the day after decluttering，when tidiness is still top
of mind.But what happens when you come home from a trip and are too tired to unpack your
luggage? Or when you get the flu and are too sick to clean up? 5 In other words，make asystem that works for you even when you’ve got to work or when you’ve got a cold.
A．Everyone’s clutter tells a personal story.
B．So don’t restore your entire garage in one afternoon.
C．The key is to create practices that can be easily maintained.
D．It can help you let go of things you don’t need but feel ③attached.
E．④Comparatively speaking，the job taking shorter time will be easier to finish.
F．At this time you may wonder how to clean up your space and keep it that way.
G．If you are worried about these situations，you can delay your decluttering schedule.
1．答案 F
解析 根据上文“When you sit at your desk...by chaos.(当你坐在办公桌前时，你可能会经常
面对混乱。)”和下文“Here an expert...possessions and distractions.(在这里，一位专家分享了
一些有用的策略来防止我们的混乱，以及她的整理哲学——处理掉不必要的财产和干
扰。)”可知，此处要说明面对混乱时想要知道如何整理，F项“At this time you may wonder
how to clean up your space and keep it that way.(这个时候，你可能想知道如何清理你的空间并
保持这种状态)”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
2．答案 A
解析 空处为段落主题句。根据下文“What becomes clutter...with you.(什么变成了杂物，你
的杂物堆积到哪里，可以说明很多关于你的事情)”可知，本段主要讲述了杂物可以反映一
个人的个性、爱好等情况，A项“Everyone’s clutter tells a personal story.(每个人的杂物都讲
述着自己的故事)”符合语境。故选A。
3．答案 B
解析 根据上文“If you start off with too big a goal...too long.(如果你一开始就设定了一个太
大的目标，你可能会因为工作耗时太长而灰心丧气。)”可知，不要设定太大的目标，这样
做会有坏处，B项“So don’t restore your entire garage in one afternoon.(所以不要在一个下午
修复你的整个车库)”和上文形成因果关系，举例具体说明什么样的目标是大目标，符合语
境。故选B。
4．答案 D
解析 根据上文“At this stage...neutral eyes.(在这个阶段，请用中立的眼光看你的物品。)”
可知，空处承接上文，说明用中立的眼光看待物品的好处。D项“It can help you let go of
things you don’t need but feel attached.(它可以帮助你放下那些你不需要但感觉很依恋的东
西)”符合语境。故选D。
5．答案 C
解析 根据下文“In other words，make a system that works...a cold.(换句话说，建立一个即使
在你必须工作或感冒时也能起作用的系统。)”可知，空处和下文内容一致，说明关键问题是创建容易维持的实践。C项“The key is to create practices that can be easily maintained.(关键
是创建易于维持的实践)”符合语境。故选C。
语境猜词
①keep...at bay避免
②admittedly(派)＝admit＋(t)ed＋ly诚然，不可否认地
③attached(派)＝attach＋ed依恋；爱慕
④comparatively(派)＝compar(e)＋ative＋ly比较上，相对地
