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作业 42 四选一阅读＋七选五阅读
(分值：50分)
Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
(2024·湖北武昌区高三期末)
The Self-Portrait Challenge
Have you ever done a self-portrait in an art lesson at school？Today，we’re challenging you
to write self-portrait poems.It’s not uncommon to feel like the way people see you on the outside
doesn’t quite match up with how you feel on the inside.So creating a self-portrait can be a good
opportunity to address those differences and present the realest，truest version of yourself.
Your challenge is to create a self-portrait in lines，using words instead of paint.Read on for
some more inspiration.
Writing Tips
·Have a go at writing a list of metaphors exploring your physical appearance，starting from
your head and working your way down towards your feet.
·Instead of representing yourself directly，take on another character，such as a fictional
character，a historical figure，or even a different version of yourself.
·Play around with personification，by taking on the voice of a physical object in your
poem.Think about what a self-portrait from the point of view of a mirror，or a bowl of your
favourite food would look like?
How to Enter
This challenge is for writers aged up to 25 based anywhere in the world.The deadline is 23：
59 GMT,17 March 2024.You can send a poem，or poems，written down，or as video or audio
files.We are using Submittable to accept submissions to this challenge.You will need to make a
free Submittable account to submit in this way.Using Submittable helps our team to administrate
and process entries more quickly.Selected poets will be published on Young Poets Network.
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了关于一个自画像挑战的信息，包括其目的、
一些相关的写作建议以及如何参与。
1．What does the Self-portrait Challenge encourage participants to do?
A．Explore true selves.
B．Convey positive emotions.
C．Illustrate personal profiles.
D．Compare different personalities.答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，创作一幅自画像是一个很好的机会，可以解
决这些差异，展示最真实的自己。由此可知，自画像挑战鼓励参与者探索真实的自我。故选
A。
2．What is suggested to better handle the challenge?
A．Using simple language.
B．Presenting yourself directly.
C．Taking a different point of view.
D．Focusing on physical appearance.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Writing Tips部分最后一句可知，可以从镜子的角度，或者从一碗
你最喜欢的食物的角度看一幅自画像是什么样子。由此可知，要更好地应对这一挑战应该采
取不同的角度。故选C。
3．What is “Submittable” likely to be?
A．A writing tool.
B．A search engine.
C．An email account.
D．An online platform.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据How to Enter部分的倒数第二、三句可知，想要参与此次挑战的
人员需要创建一个免费的Submittable账户并以这种方式提交；使用Submittable可以帮助团
队更快地管理和处理提交的作品。由此可推知，Submittable可能是一个在线平台。故选D。
B
(2024·湖南二模)
At just 17，Lauren Schroeder has already made a significant impact on her community.Her
voyage began at 14，volunteering at a food shelter.While packing boxes with canned goods for
needy families，Lauren detected a substantial shortage：fresh vegetables.This observation sparked
an idea that soon grew into a community-wide initiative.
Lauren pictured transforming part of her family’s 150-acre farm into a garden committed to
growing produce for local families.Her proposal was met with a hint of concern from her mother，
Katie Schroeder.While supportive，she also foresaw the extensive labor involved.Despite the
agricultural background—her family typically planted soybeans and corn—vegetable cultivation
was a novel pursuit.Nevertheless，Lauren was eager to tackle the nutritional deficiency she had
uncovered.
The hard work began in earnest.Not discouraged by potential obstacles，Lauren dived into
research to be a seasoned vegetable cultivator and secured a grant(拨款) from the National FFAOrganization to cover initial costs.Subsequently，she spent two to three hours daily watering her
crops by hand through the hot Iowa summers，sandwiching this commitment between softball
practices.Furthermore，she carefully tended to her garden，combating weeds and harvesting
crops，with green beans proving particularly challenging.
Eventually，with assistance from her younger brothers and sisters，Lauren’s half-acre
garden produced 15 varieties of vegetables.In its first year，the garden generated 40 pounds of
produce，benefiting food banks，nursing homes，and soup kitchens.
Motivated by the early achievements，Lauren doubled the garden’s size.To date，she has
donated over 7,000 pounds of produce ， valued at approximately $15,000 ， commanding
community respect.Her work has found a deep echo among others，notably a mother from a local
shelter who was grateful for the fresh food that reminded her children of home.
Lauren’s inspiration is straightforward yet deep-seated.“I wanted to have something that
would impact people，” she told KWQC.Her actions demonstrate her belief in the power of
community and the joy obtained from helping others—a feeling that will undoubtedly shape her
future initiatives.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的劳伦·施罗德通过在自家农场建立一个蔬
菜园，为有需要的家庭提供新鲜蔬菜，从而对社区产生了显著的影响。
4．Why did Lauren initiate the community garden?
A．To pursue a new hobby.
B．To explore plant cultivation.
C．To fill a food shelter’s vegetable gap.
D．To gain recognition in her community.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her voyage began at 14，volunteering at a food
shelter.While packing boxes with canned goods for needy families，Lauren detected a substantial
shortage：fresh vegetables.This observation sparked an idea that soon grew into a community-wide
initiative.”可知，劳伦创立社区菜园的原因是为了填补食品庇护所中新鲜蔬菜的短缺。故选
C。
5．How did Lauren overcome her lack of experience in vegetable farming?
A．By doing trial and error.
B．By conducting thorough research.
C．By engaging in fundraising activities.
D．By maintaining consistent hard work.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Not discouraged by potential obstacles，Lauren divedinto research to be a seasoned vegetable cultivator”可知，劳伦通过进行深入的研究克服了自
己在蔬菜种植方面的经验缺乏。故选B。
6．What do we know about Lauren in the initial process of vegetable cultivation?
A．She was passionate and determined.
B．She was inexperienced but creative.
C．She was observant and popular.
D．She was concerned but hard-working.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Despite the agricultural background...Lauren was eager
to tackle the nutritional deficiency she had uncovered.”可知，劳伦充满激情；根据第三段中的
“Not discouraged by potential obstacles，Lauren dived into research...FFA Organization to cover
initial costs.”可知，劳伦又是有决心的。故选A。
7．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Garden to Table：a Solo Effort
B．Local Garden：Hope for the Globe
C．Harvesting Hope：Community Growth
D．Farming Fundamentals：a Teen’s Journey
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“This observation sparked an idea that soon grew into a
community-wide initiative.”及第二、三、四、五段对于劳伦种植蔬菜的努力和成就的描述并
结合最后一段可知，文章讲述了劳伦如何通过在自家农场的一部分土地上种植蔬菜来帮助社
区，她的努力不仅解决了新鲜蔬菜短缺问题，还对社区产生了积极影响，使得更多人得到了
帮助。C选项“收获希望：社区成长”适合作本文标题。故选C。
C
(2024·广东梅州二模)
New findings suggest that when it comes to learning，the snake may be quite a bit like
humans.David Holtzman，a scientist at the University of Rochester，has found that snakes have a
much greater capacity for learning than earlier studies had indicated.
Holtzman’s study challenged 24 snakes to escape from a black plastic container the size of a
child’s pool.Cards mounted on the container’s walls and tape on its floor provided the snakes
with visual and touchable signals to find their goal：holes in the container’s bottom that offer a
dark，comfortable spot to hide.
Simply falling into a hole isn’t the only proof that the snakes are learning something，
though.“Speed to find that goal is one of the measures which shows they’re learning，”
Holtzman says.“On average，they take over 700 seconds to find the correct hole on the first dayof training，and then go down to about 400 seconds by the fourth day of training.Some are actually
very fast and find it in less than 30 seconds.”
Studies dating back to the 1950s interpreted snakes’ awkwardness with mazes(迷宫) as a
poor reflection on their intelligence.“Early attempts to study snake intelligence were problematic
because the studies used mazes as testing arenas(场地)—as though snakes might be expected to run
through mazes in the same way mice run through mazes，” says Peter Kareiva，a professor of
zoology.“Snakes do not encounter anything like mazes in nature，and they do not learn how to
run mazes in laboratory conditions.”
Holtzman also found a few age-based differences in the signals the snakes use.Young snakes
appear to be more adaptable and resourceful，using a variety of clues to find their way to the
exit.But their elders seem to rely much more heavily on visual clues.“Actually，one of the
amazing findings from our studies is that snakes do use vision in locating places ，” says
Holtzman.“They don’t just rely on the chemical clues picked up by sticking their tongues out，
as many snake biologists assume.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家大卫·霍尔兹曼发现蛇的学习能力比之前
的研究表明的强很多。
8．What is the function of the cards and tape?
A．To direct the snakes to the exits.
B．To protect the snakes from bright lights.
C．To cover the holes at the container’s bottom.
D．To make the container a comfortable spot to stay.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中 “Cards mounted on the container’s walls and
tape...provided the snakes with visual and touchable signals to find their goal：holes in the
container’s bottom”可知，这些卡片和带子可以指引蛇找到出口。故选A。
9．What do the data in paragraph 3 show about the snakes according to Holtzman?
A．They are skillful escapees.
B．They are good learners.
C．They communicate with each other.
D．They adapt to environments quickly.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘Speed to find that goal is one of the measures which
shows they’re learning，’ Holtzman says.‘On average，they take over 700 seconds....and
find it in less than 30 seconds.’”可知，第三段的数据主要表明蛇是有学习能力的，即它们
是很棒的学习者。故选B。10．What was the problem with early attempts to study snake intelligence?
A．They chose the wrong testing arenas.
B．They failed to do tests in laboratory conditions.
C．They referred to studies dating back to the 1950s.
D．They compared snakes with a different kind of animal.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Early attempts to study snake intelligence were
problematic...in the same way mice run through mazes”以及“Snakes do not encounter...in
laboratory conditions.”可推知，研究蛇的智力的早期尝试所选择的测验场地不正确。故选
A。
11．What astonishes Holtzman about snakes?
A．They rely on sight to find their way.
B．They leave chemical clues everywhere.
C．The young beat their elders in many ways.
D．Their tongues are unable to recognize chemical clues.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Actually，one of the amazing findings from our
studies is that snakes do use vision in locating places，’ says Holtzman.”可知，令霍尔兹曼感
到惊讶的是蛇是靠视觉确定位置的。故选A。
D
(2024·河北保定一模)
Politicians，business bosses，and other types of leaders indeed tend to like speaking with
their hands，but does the habit influence how others interpret those words? To get to the bottom of
it，a team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics conducted a series of
experiments on volunteers who viewed videos of people speaking with and without hand
movements.
After showing the volunteers videos of people speaking under different conditions，the
researchers asked them questions about what they had heard.Some conditions involved the speaker
stressing different parts of words in a sentence.Other conditions involved the speaker making
various types of hand gestures，such as pointing and sweeping movements.The team recorded the
volunteers as they viewed the video recordings，questioning the volunteers afterward about what
they had seen and heard.
Researchers found that the volunteers were more affected by syllables(音节) spoken with the
conjunction of hand gestures：In 20 percent of the cases，the viewers were more likely to have
heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture.Interestingly，however，volunteers
were 40 percent more likely to hear the wrong sound when a mismatch between the word spokenand the hand gesture occurred.
Body language expert Carol Goman said，“Studies have found that speaking with your
hands really can change the view of your character.People who communicate through active
gesturing tend to be considered warm，agreeable，and energetic，while those who remain still are
seen as logical，cold，and analytic.In fact，a 2015 study that studied TED Talks，which posts
international talks online，found that the most popular speakers used nearly twice as many
gestures as the least popular speakers used.”
The research team said that their findings suggest that hand gestures are an important part of
in-person communication that have a direct impact on what the listener hears.Furthermore，they
suggest that our responses to hand gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，在谈话中使用手势
与否会对听众产生很大影响。
12．What’s the researchers’ purpose of doing the experiments?
A．To examine the volunteers’ interpreting skills.
B．To test the impact hand gestures have on the effectiveness of speaking.
C．To record the volunteers’ questions for the speaker.
D．To confirm the influence hand movements have on leaders.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段“Politicians，business bosses，and other types of leaders
indeed tend to like speaking with their hands，but does the habit influence how others interpret
those words？...researchers...conducted...experiments...”可知，研究人员做实验的目的是测试
手势对说话有效性的影响。故选B。
13．What did the researchers find in the experiments?
A．Hand movements affected what the listener heard.
B．The speaker stressed different parts of words in a sentence.
C．People spoke with different kinds of hand gestures.
D．The most popular speakers used more gestures than the least popular speakers did.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 20 percent of the cases，the viewers were more likely to
have heard and interpreted the word...and the hand gesture occurred.”以及末段首句可知，研究
人员在实验中发现手势会影响听者听到的内容。故选A。
14．What does the underlined word “conjunction” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Assistance. B．Combination.
C．Disturbance. D．Interpretation.
答案 B解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“In 20 percent of the cases，the viewers were more likely to
have heard and interpreted the word spoken with a hand gesture.”可推知，此处是指志愿者更容
易受到与手势相结合而被说出的音节的影响，所以conjunction意为“结合”。故选B。
15．What may the researchers agree with?
A．Gestures can influence others’ view on one’s personality.
B．Understanding gestures is a must in every language.
C．In-person communication helps interpret gestures.
D．Responses to gestures are learning behavior.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Furthermore，they suggest that our responses to hand
gestures may be something we learn as we grow up.”可推知，研究人员可能认同“对手势的反
应是一种学习行为”的观点。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五阅读(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江杭州二模)
It’s no secret that reading good news feels a lot better than reading bad news.Like，would
you rather bite into a lemon，or sip on a fresh glass of lemonade?
1 The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and alert(警
觉 的 ) to what’s going on around us.While reading traditional ， more negative news is
important，consuming good news is also part of staying informed. 2 And it also brings
meaningful benefits，like reduced stress and anxiety，higher rates of engagement，community
building skills，and inspiration for creating a better world.Plus，knowing what to look for in the
good news landscape is a key part of improving our media literacy skills and being thoughtful news
consumers.
In fact，good news，known as solutions journalism，is becoming more popular，as
publishers and news stations discover the benefits of sharing positive stories.Good Good Good is
one of them. 3 A team of reporters and editors there work daily to deliver stories that make
readers feel hopeful and equipped to do more good with possible solutions.
“If it bleeds，it leads.” has long been a saying used in the media to describe how news
stories about violence，death and destruction draw readers’ attention. 4 The thing is，
however ， there’s also good stuff out there—the delightful and kind parts of
humanity.“Beautiful stories are happening worldwide. 5 When you do find them，the world
can suddenly feel like a very different place.Good news is a vital part of how we learn about the
world and solving the world’s problems，” Hervey，one of Good Good Good’s editors said.
A．Share good news with people around you.
B．But the “bad news” has its place in the world.
C．It provides a more balanced view of the world.D．It’s just that we don’t hear as much about them.
E．Heart-warming stories make you cry and feel good.
F．And so，negative news stories are everywhere on news media.
G．The news media company is devoted to providing good news intentionally.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了好消息和坏消息，以及它们各自的作用，并指
出我们应该多去发现好消息。
1．答案 B
解析 上文“It’s no secret...than reading bad news.”指出大家都知道读好消息比读坏消息的
感觉好多了，下文“The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and
alert(警觉的) to what’s going on around us.”说明了这个世界存在一些不好的事情，B选项
说明了世界上存在坏消息，因此引起下文，并与上文构成转折关系，故选B。
2．答案 C
解析 上文“While reading traditional，more negative news is important，consuming good
news is also part of staying informed.”说明了看好消息是保持信息灵通的一部分，下文“And
it also brings meaningful benefits...and inspiration for creating a better world.”说明了看好消息
的好处，由其中的also可知，空格处也应该是关于看好消息的好处，C选项恰好说明了看好
消息的好处，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
3．答案 G
解析 上文“In fact，good news，known as solutions journalism，is becoming more
popular，...sharing positive stories.Good Good Good is one of them.”说明了Good Good Good
是一家分享积极故事的公司，空格处应该对其进行进一步介绍，G选项说明了这家公司有意
地致力于提供好消息，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
4．答案 F
解析 空前“‘If it bleeds，it leads.’ has long been a saying...draw readers’ attention.”说
明了“凡有流血，皆上头条”这句话是媒体用来形容有关暴力、死亡和破坏的新闻报道如何
吸引读者注意力的说法，空格处应该说这会引起一个什么结果，F选项说明了前面所说内容
所导致的结果，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
5．答案 D
解析 上文“Beautiful stories are happening worldwide.”说明世界上是有美丽的故事的，下
文“When you do find them，the world can suddenly feel like a very different place.”暗示了你
有时候发现不了它们，D选项说明只是我们听到它们的次数不是很多，因此承上启下，符合
语境，故选D。
