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解法 3 利用逻辑关系选句
每篇文章都是一个有机统一的整体，各部分之间存在一定的内在联系。从逻辑意义上来
看，句子之间常常有转折、因果、递进、并列、顺承等关系，有时甚至存在不止一种关系。
因此，理解阅读七选五的阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文章
或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现
逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，
并做出正确的判断。
典例剖析 (2024·新课标Ⅰ片段)
In addition，I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary，picked up a
few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course ， with its 2,672 pages ， it ’ s not
exactly short[1]．It contains around 163,000 words，plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.
39 [2]， if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage ， there ’ s
nothing better.
A．I don’t often use this dictionary.
B．But I still don’t want to replace them.
C．Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information.
[1]定位解题线索：通常在设空处前后句中；空后衔接词However表示转折关系。
[2]梳理句际关系，推测空处内容：设空处前讲这本词典的情况，设空处后讲这本词典的使
用情况。根据空后的衔接词However可知，设空处与空后内容为转折关系，故设空处应该
讲不用该词典的情况，才与后面“如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没
有什么比这本词典更好的了”构成转折关系，与句[1]“当然，2 672页的篇幅很长”构成因
果关系。
[3]分析选项，锁定答案：分析3个选项知它们的意思分别是：A.我不经常用这本词典。B.但
我还是不想换掉它们。C.词典并不总是给你足够的信息。能与下文构成转折关系的只有 A
项。故锁定答案为A。
[4]代入验证，通读复检：当然，2 672页的篇幅很长……我不经常用这本词典。但是，如果
我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这本词典更好的了。因此A
项与前后句逻辑衔接顺畅。
技法归纳即时演练
A(转折、顺承关系)
Some people find that communication comes naturally. 1 They think communication is
complex because it involves not just the words you speak，but what the other person is saying.The
following steps may make your communication ①far easier.
Listen actively.Communication isn’t just about what you say.If you want people to listen to
you，you need to listen to them.Don’t get so focused on what you’re saying that you miss their
important comments，emotions，and reactions. 2 When everyone is actively involved，
communication is far more ②effective.
A．While others think it is quite difficult.
B．Pay attention to how quickly you’re speaking.
C．But if you can do it well，you don’t have to worry too much.
D．Likewise，listen and process what speakers are trying to communicate.
语境猜词：①far
②effective
B(递进、并列、因果关系)
When it comes to handling eggshells，many would throw them away directly.However，it
isn’t the best way to deal with them. 3 Also，they can improve soil conditions.Here are how
to keep everything clean and some better uses for your empty shells.
Eggshells are a good source of calcium carbonate(碳酸钙)，which encourages growth and
①prolongs the life of a plant.You can steep them in boiling water overnight to make eggshell
water.Your garden will thank you. 4 Be sure to know your plants though.You don’t want to
use eggshells on plants that prefer acidic soil.
The nutrients in eggshells can make them a cheap ②fertilizer for plants. 5 When the
seedling is ready for transplanting，the entire thing，shell and all，can go right into the ground ora pot.Just make sure to press the shell so the roots can grow.The eggshell will decompose(分解)
and help the plant grow.
A．In fact，eggshells are good fertilizers.
B．Besides，eggshells contain a lot of protein.
C．They can also prevent pests from harming your plants.
D．It can also lower the soil’s pH level，making it less acidic.
E．For this reason，they make great places for raising seeds.
语境猜词：①prolong
②fertilizer
语境猜词答案
A.①adv.非常 ②adj.有效的
B.①v.延长 ②n.肥料
答案精析
1．A [空前提到“有些人发现沟通是自然而然的”，空后又说“他们认为沟通是复杂的，
因为它不仅涉及你说的话，还涉及别人在说什么”，两者在语意上存在转折，故设空处应含
有表示转折关系的词。分析选项可知，A项中的“While”表转折，且A项中“others think
it is quite difficult”与空后句中“They think communication is complex”相呼应，故选A。]
2．D [空前提到“如果你想让人们听你说，你就需要听他们说。不要太专注于你说的话而
忽略了他们重要的评论、情绪和反应”，空后又说“当每个人都积极参与时，沟通就会更加
有效”，即空前是说要多听，空后说这样才能高效沟通，语意上存在顺承关系，故设空处应
含有表示顺承关系的词。分析选项可知，D项中“listen”与空前内容相呼应，且 D项中
“Likewise”表示与空前是顺承关系。故选D。]
3．A [根据空前提到“说到处理蛋壳，很多人会直接扔掉。然而，这并不是最好的处理方
法”与空后提到“此外，它们还可以改善土壤条件”可知，设空处内容与空后内容应该是递
进关系，且应与蛋壳的好处相关。分析选项可知，A项中“good fertilizers”与空后句中
“improve soil conditions”相呼应。故选A。]
4．D [空前“蛋壳是碳酸钙的良好来源……”是讲蛋壳在促进植物生长和延长植物寿命方
面的好处，空后“但一定要了解你的植物”与空前形成转折关系。由此可知，设空处应是从
另一方面讲蛋壳的好处，与空前内容为并列关系。分析选项并结合后文提到了酸性土壤可知，
D项符合题意，其中“acidic”与空后句中的“acidic”为原词复现。故选D。]
5．E [空前提到“蛋壳中的营养成分可以使它们成为植物的廉价肥料”，空后又说“当秧
苗准备好被移植时，整个东西，包括壳，都可以直接埋到地里或花盆里”，由此可推知，设空处应与蛋壳可以成为植物肥料的结果有关，与空前内容应为因果关系。分析选项可知，E
项中“For this reason”表示与空前内容构成因果关系，即因为蛋壳可以成为植物的廉价肥料，
所以它们是培育种子的好地方。故选E。]
