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2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
保命班讲义
CET-4
2021.12
主讲：刘晓艳 克克
-1-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
目 录
第一部分 写作............................................................................................................................- 4 -
一、短句的写法..........................................................................................................................................- 4 -
二、被动.......................................................................................................................................................- 4 -
三、并列句..................................................................................................................................................- 4 -
四、复合句..................................................................................................................................................- 6 -
五、文章.....................................................................................................................................................- 10 -
第二部分 翻译..........................................................................................................................- 15 -
一、评分标准............................................................................................................................................- 15 -
二、英汉差异对比....................................................................................................................................- 15 -
三、翻译方法............................................................................................................................................- 15 -
四、翻译步骤............................................................................................................................................- 17 -
第三部分 阅读理解..................................................................................................................- 18 -
一、传统阅读（仔细阅读）....................................................................................................................- 18 -
二、长篇阅读............................................................................................................................................- 22 -
三、选词填空............................................................................................................................................- 24 -
第四部分 听力..........................................................................................................................- 26 -
一、听力锦囊一：视听一致....................................................................................................................- 26 -
二、听力锦囊二：俩原则巧解新闻题....................................................................................................- 28 -
三、听力锦囊三：四原则解锁长对话....................................................................................................- 31 -
四、听力锦囊四：四原则攻克篇章........................................................................................................- 34 -
五、听力锦囊五：睡不着起来猜............................................................................................................- 37 -
六、听力锦囊六：如何涂卡....................................................................................................................- 38 -
七、听力锦囊七：戒浮躁多练习............................................................................................................- 38 -
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四级时间分配
试卷结构 测试内容 测试题型 题目数量 分值比例 考试时间
写作 写作 短文写作 1 15% 30分钟
短篇新闻 7 7%
听力理解 长对话 选择题（单选） 8 8% 25分钟
听力篇章 10 20%
词汇理解 选词填空 10 5%
阅读理解 长篇阅读 匹配 10 10% 40分钟
仔细阅读 选择题（单选） 10 20%
翻译 汉译英 段落翻译 1 15% 30分钟
合计 57 100% 125分钟
-3-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
第一部分 写作
一、短句的写法
Aman comes.
Heis attractive.
Ilove him.
Iwill give him adog.
Itcanmake him happy.
二、被动
很多人认为合作比个人能力更重要。
Cooperationis claimedtobemore crucialthan personalability.
人们普遍认为网购已经成为一种流行趋势。
Online shoppingis arguedtobe apopular trend among the young andthe old.
在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生。
Various measures,inthe pastdecades,havebeen takento preventdisasters.
最近，中国科学院(ChineseAcademyofSciences) 出版了关于其最新科学发现与未来一年展望的年度系
列报告。
An annual report about its latest scientific findings and the prospect of the next year was recently
published by ChineseAcademyof Science.
三、并列句
常见的逻辑关系词
第一，表示因果（世界上最重要的一种关系就是因果关系）
1.表示原因
because,inthat,as,since
becauseof =be responsible for=due to=owing to =thanksto
2.表示结果
so= hence=therefore =thereby =thus =consequently = inconsequence=as aresult/consequence
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第二，表示对比
1.表示“相似性的”对比
likewise =similarly =equally= simultaneously = atthe sametime=in the meanwhile
2.表示“差异性的”对比
but=by contrast=conversely=alternatively=onthecontrary=ontheotherhand =otherwise=while =
whereas
第三，表示递进
besides = also= inaddition =moreover = furthermore= apart∕aside from
to putit another way =putanother way =in other words
换句话说（有补充解释说明的作用）
第四，表示让步
① despite=inspiteof=notwithstanding=although=though=as=while=even （if）=muchas （用
于句首）虽然 =granting ∕granted that
② certainly= ofcourse=indeed =itistruethat… 的确
③ undoubtedly= thereis no doubtthat…毫无疑问的是……
④ Itmay be true that… 或许真实的是……
⑤ Thereisno denying that…不可否认的是……
⑥ In effect∕fact∕reality =indeed= virtually 实际上，事实上，的确
第五，表示条件
① if= providing∕provided ∕suppose∕supposingthat 如果，假如
② in caseof= inthe eventof 万一……
第六，表示目的
to= inorder to=soas to
第七，表示引出新对象
① About= concerning=regarding= with regardto= as for ∕to=in respectof 关于
② in termsof 就……而论，在……方面
③ when itcomesto… 当提到……时
第八，表示强调
① Above all =mostimportant
② In effect∕fact∕reality =indeed= virtually 事实上，实际上，的确，其实
第九，表示总结
① Onthewhole=allinall=overall=inconclusion∕summary∕general=generally （speaking）=asa
whole = mainly =substantially = tosumup =conclude =cometothe conclusion 总的来说
② in short∕brief =in aword 简而言之
③ in any case= atanyrate= anyway 总之，无论如何
第十，表示举例
Like=suchas=forinstance∕example=take∕consider∕thinkof∕remember…（ asanexample ） =a
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good casein pointis…=from …to …（ to…） = toillustrate= asan illustration
1.在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化,是一座展现古文明的博物馆。
In the past thousand years, the water system and the lifeway of Wuzhen have not gone through many
changes.Therefore,itnow isthe museumto show ancientcivilization.
2.在山东潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。
In Weifang,Shandong,kites arenotonly toys butalso symbols ofculture ofthe city.
3.这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学收益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。
现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。(2014年四级）
These funds are used to improve educational facilities, purchase books and more than 160 thousand
primary schools and middle schools will benefit from it. In addition, the fund is to be used for purchasing
music and painting facilities.As a consequence, nowadays the children in the rural areas can have the
music andpainting classesas sameas the children inthe coastalcities do.
4.由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。今天，这个传统正在改变。随着住房条件的改善，越
来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。但他们之间的联系依然很密切。许多老年人仍然 帮着照看孙辈。年
轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。
As a result of this tradition, many young people continue to live with their parents after marriage. By
contrast, today, the tradition is changing. With the improvement of housing conditions, an increasing
number of young couples choose to live apart from their parents. Nevertheless, the connection between
them remains strong. Many old people still have to look after their grandchildren. At the same time,
young couples also get around to visit their parents，especially during the holidays, such as the Spring
FestivalandMid-autumnFestival.
四、复合句
1.主语从句
例：
大学教育极大地促进了社会的进步是显而易见的。
Itis beyond disputethat university educationpromotes the progress ofour society obviously.
常见句式结构：It is…that…
① Itiscommonknowledge that...
② Itismybeliefthat... =Ithink that...
③ Itisself-evidentthat...
④ Ithas been foundthat...
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⑤ Itisbeyonddispute that...
⑥ Itisuniversally acknowledgedthat...
⑦ Ithas been widelyaccepted that...
⑧ Itisgenerallyagreed that...
2.同位语
Garbage sorting,anecessary behavior tocontrol pollution,proves quitecrucialthroughoutchina.
Hunting for jobs,ahottopic among undergraduates,has becomethe public concern recently.
Optimism,an active mentality,plays akeyrolein the generalroutine ofeveryday living.
3.定语和定语从句
Ilove thiskind girl.
Ilove the girlof kindness.
Ilove the girlas kindas anangel.
Ilove the girlbeing as kindas an angel.
Ilove the girlwho keeps sokind.
例：
①中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。
The Chinese knot was originally invented by the craftsmen, which has become a kind of elegant and
colorful arts andcraftsafter hundreds ofyears ofcontinuousimprovement.
②乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐
馆。
Wuzhen, which is an ancient water town of Zhejiang province, is located near the Beijing-Hangzhou
Grand Canal，which is really a charming place with many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and
restaurants there.
③功夫是中国武术的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。
它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人老年人都练。
Kung Fu is the common name of Chinese martial arts which can be traced back to self-defense needs,
hunting activities and military training in ancient China. Besides, it is a traditional Chinese sport that both
the young andthe elderlycan practise.
④剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在
明朝和清朝时期（the Ming andQing Dynasties）特别流行。
-7-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
Paper cutting is one of the mostpopular arts in china which has a history of 1.5 thousand years and was
quitefamousin the Ming andQingDynasties.
⑤中国人自古以来就在中秋节庆祝丰收，这与北美庆祝感恩节非常相似。
Chinese have had the tradition to celebrate harvest in the Middle-Autumn, which proves quite similar
withThanksgiving Day in NorthAmerica.
4.状语和状语从句
① Ilove mygirlfriend.
② Keeping pets can cultivate the kindness of children although they sometimes bring much trouble for
their owners.
•or because takingcare ofthoselittle animals needs patienceandcare.
•or when there exists only achild inonefamily.
•or by taking ashower or talkingwith those little animals.
③ They are singingsongs although they have had class forthe whole day.
They, a group of young men, who will take part in the examination of CET-6 are singing songs which
were oncepopular whenwe were young.
5.三大经典句型
1) 强调句型 it is…that…
Nothing is moreimportantthan self-reliancein acompetitiveinternationalenvironment.
就是因为你，我没有通过六级考试。
Becauseof you,Ifailedin CET-6.
Itis becauseofyou that IfailedinCET-6.
就是有很多的因素可以解释我的观点。
There exist numerous factors toaccountformyargument.
2) 虚拟语气
Ifyou are atear inmyeye,Iwillnever shedit.
3）倒装
①否定词位于句首时
我从来没有这样开心过。
Never haveIbeen sohappy.
在任何情况下我们绝不能忽略……的重要性/严重性
Under no circumstancescanwe failtopour attention into…(gravity/ severity)
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②含有so…that…结构的句子，将so引导的部分位于句首时
这个问题是如此重要以至于我们要给与足够的重视。
Theissue issogravethat we cannot failtopour attention intoit.
So grave isthe issue that……
在大学校园中，浪费这个问题是如此的严重以至于不得不引起（arouse）我们的注意了。
So seriousiswaste that ithastoarouseour attention.
③only引出的状语位于句首时
只有以这种方式，我们才能解决这个问题。
Only inthis waycan we settlethe issue/relieve the phenomenon.
6.句子的改写和扩写
1) 我绝不嫁给你。
2) 自行车很重要
句子扩写：
Ilove Liu Xiaoyan.
I,auniversitystudentfromBeijing,have lovedLiuwhois themostgracefulandelegantEnglishteacherI
haveever seen sinceImether for thefirsttime.
Smilemakes people loveyou.
Smile, the best means for communicating, makes people who may look serious and distant love you at
the firstsight.
Pollution keeps exceedingly serious.
Pollution, a global issue which threatens almost every one, keeps exceedingly serious with the rapid
urbanization.
-9-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
五、文章
【历年真题】
四级（2019年12月）
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese.
Pleaserecommendacity tohim.Youshouldwriteat least120words butno morethan 180words.
Dear friend,
I am delighted to know that you have a strong desire to learn Chinese in recent days.Therefore, the
letter,to be honest,isto recommendacityto you.
When the idea occurs to me, the first city flashing in my mind is Beijing, the capital of China. Firstly,
there exists an authentic language environment which plays a key role in the process of language
learning. As a result, as a modern city, it provides an excellent language environment for language
learners. Besides, in one of the biggest cities, people are open-minded, hospitable, and inclusive. You
willsoon findthat you can makefriends with themquickly.
Finally, I hope that you could take my suggestions into serious consideration, and I am looking
forwardto your reply atyour earliestconvenience.Good luckto you with allaspects oflife.
Yours sincerely,
LiMing
四级（2020年7月）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of translation apps.
You can start your essay with the sentence "The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly
popular."You should write atleast120words butnomore than 180words.
The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular, which has aroused a long-term
discussion among the public. From my perspective, whether translation app is practical depends on the
need ofdifferentindividuals.
Quite a few elements can account for my perspective. On one hand, there is no doubt that the use
of translation app could be convenient and efficient when you read certain foreign materials including
some professional papers. Besides, it is when people go abroad where they cannot speak native
-10-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
languages that using translation apps could make them communicate with natives more fluently. On the
other hand, translation apps, after all, are operated by machines. thus, it is inevitable that some
translationgoesagainstoriginalexpression,andeven worse,somegrammarfaultscouldbe foundinthe
translation.
As a result, Just as a coin has two sides, translation apps are no exception.That is to say,when we
download atranslationapp,we shoulddistinguishitsgood frombadanduseitwithinreason.Onlyin this
way canwe maketranslationapps exertapositive effectonour study and career.
四级（2020年9月）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on online dictionaries. You can
start your essay with the sentence "The use of online dictionaries is becoming increasingly popular."You
should writeat least120words butnomore than 180words.
In light of the rapid improvement of science and technology, the use of online dictionaries is
becoming increasingly popular, which has been brought into the limelight under modern conditions. As
far asIam concerned,we shouldattach importancetoonline dictionaries now andin the future.
The popularity of online dictionaries, which really brings much convenience to the everyday life and
study of youngsters, may be explained by many reasons. The main reason is that using online
dictionaries which keep strikingly popular with university students can save us plenty of time, which
proves in accord with people's pursuit for higher efficiency.Then more importantly,it is so convenient for
users to look up words on the web because we can effortlessly and rapidly find whatwe want by tapping
words or phrases,Sowhy bother totakea thickdictionary wheneveror wherever?
In short, it is a sound conclusion that can be drawn that the use of online dictionaries, to some
extent,isbeneficialtoEnglishlearners.Soitmightthe righttimetodownload one toserveusinour daily
life.
1. 议论文
1) 第一段引出主题的句子：
① Recently the issue / problem of…has been in the limelight（处于关注的中心）/ brought into focus /
broughtto public attentive（留意的，关心的）concern…
-11-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
② Recently with the development / advance / progress of science and technology, the phenomenon
of…hasaroused wideconcern.
③ Nowadays, it is undeniable that……has almost become the biggest concern of the present-day
world.
④ Whatisyour ideaas to…?
There exist varying /avariety ofpoints concerning it.
2) 第一段表示个人观点的表达:
Inmyopinion/asfarasIamconcerned/formypart/frommyperspective/itkeepsmyperspectivethat
3) 第二段分析原因的总起句:
① Themajority ofpeoplewould agreethat sthhas its deep roots.
② It is superficially a simple phenomenon, but when subjected to analysis, it has its fundamental
reasons.
③ There standat leasttwo reasons,from myperspective, for the presentphenomenon.
④ As we know,recognizing aproblemis the firststep infindingasolution.
⑤ There exist numerous elementsbeingresponsible for the issue.
⑥ Thereason for thisis notfar toseek.
⑦ Thereare arguments forwhy ......
4) 第二段无话可说怎么办？
① 分类论证
the importanceofmutual understandingand respectininterpersonalrelationships
In a dormitory, if every member could understand and respect each other, they might become more
creative and effective in their study. In addition, it is such mutual understanding in interpersonal
relationships that will result in a warm campus environment. In the end, there would be less conflict
throughoutour country.How desirable the visionis !
例：为什么培养孩子迎接挑战的能力？
Although numerous cases are available for this argument, the following one about my teacher Liu is the
most suitable. She was born in a poor family with three siblings. Furthermore, she, years later, failed to
realize her dream to attend an esteemed university even though she studied hard during her senior high
-12-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
school. Under such situations, she has never given herself up, being convinced that “from the gutter,we
can still look up at stars”. And what she believes is that poverty is never scaring. What we should be
afraid is that your minds are needy. It is through years of endeavors that her dream came true. Still, she
keeps my spiritual mentor. So the story vividly tells us that it is necessary that students should be
encouraged todevelop the ability tomeetchallenges.
② 因果论证
Why students should beencouraged todevelop effective communicationskills?
Ifuniversitystudents candevelopeffectivecommunication skills,theywillmakemorefriends.Inaddition,
the more friends they have, the more comfortable life they will have on campus. As a result, they will
have a better learning environment, which consequently lead to a more harmonious context throughout
the nation.
例：四级（2020年12月）
“changes inthe way oftransportation”
5) 第三段总结措施段:
措施: 我们/政府/家长/学校
举例：
Students, from their early age, could be educated to cultivate the awareness that methods of learning
are more importantthanlearning itself.
Authorities couldbroadcastthe importanceofcommunity responsibility inpublic.
结尾句推荐
1) Only bytaking certain stepscan people makefulluse of____
2) Soshouldn’thumanbeingspay muchattention tothe meaningful saying /problem?
3) Sounder noaccountcould people divertattentionfrom sth.
4)Themore activelypeople face theproblem,the more happilythey will lead their life.
5) Itis high timethat thesubjectabout____ becameafocusamong youngsters.
2. 谚语警句型
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the saying “wealth of the mind is the only
truewealth”.Youshouldwrite atleast150words butno morethan 200words.
-13-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
When it comes to wealth, ideas may differ among men and women in all walks. From my
perspective,Iapprovethe argumentthatit iswealthof the mindthat keeps the only true wealth.
Although numerous cases are available for this argument, the following one about my teacher Liu is
the most suitable. She was born in a poor family with three siblings. Furthermore, she, years later,failed
to realize her dream to attend an esteemed university even though she studied hard during her senior
highschool.Undersuchsituations,shehasnevergivenherselfup,beingconvincedthat“fromthegutter,
wecanstilllookupatthestars”.Andwhatshedisagreedisthatpovertyisneverscaring;whatwe should
scare is that your minds are needy. It is through years of endeavors that her dream came true. Still, she
keeps my spiritual mentor. So the story vividly tells us that wealth of minds is more essentially valued
than funds.
To conclude, it is high time for teenagers and youngsters to pursue mental richness because there
is no boundaryabout the wealth of money. Only by thinking like this can we becomemore optimistic and
lead aharmonious life.
第一段：引出主题+解释你的理解
引出主题常用表达
with respectto /with regard to/when itcomesto/……
People's argumentsvary from person toperson.
People may have diverseperspectives onit.
Attitudes differfrom personto person.
There are differentopinionsamong peopleas to…
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第二部分 翻译
翻译内容
中国历史 / 文化 / 经济 / 社会
文章长度
四级140—160 words（15分）
一、评分标准
本题满分为15分，成绩分为六个档次：13-15分、10-12分、7-9分、4-6分、1-3分和0分。各档次的评
分标准见下表：
13-15分 译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
10-12分 译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。
7-9分 译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。
4-6分 译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。
1-3分 译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。
0分 未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关。
二、英汉差异对比
1. 汉语意合，英语形合
什么是汉语的句子？
什么是英语的句子？
逻辑关系词的使用
2. 英语多被动，汉语多主动
何时用被动？
何时无被动？
3. 英语多长句，汉语多短句
总结：短句变长句的方法
三、翻译方法
1. 方法1：非谓语动词
长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。（2017年四级）
-15-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
TheYangzi River,flowing through different ecological systems, keeps the habitat of plentiful endangered
animals,irrigating onefifthofChina’sland.
2. 方法2：从句
人们还会在门上粘贴对联（couplets）对联的主题有健康，发财和好运。(2013年六级）
Doors willbedecorated with couplets whosetopicsare involvedin health, wealth andgood luck.
乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆。
Wuzhen,anancientwater town ofZhejiangprovince,is locatednear theBeijing-Hangzhou GrandCanal,
whichis reallyacharmingplace with many ancient bridges,Chinesestyle hotels and restaurants there.
功夫是中国武术的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。它
是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人老年人都练。
Kung Fu is the common name of Chinese martial arts which can be traced back to self-defense needs,
hunting activitiesand militarytraining inancientChina.
Besides,itis atraditional Chinesesport thatboththe youngandthe elderlycan practise.
3. 方法3：连词
在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化,是一座展现古文明的博物馆。
In the past thousand years, the water system and the life way of Wuzhen have not gone through many
changes.Therefore,itnow isthe museumto show ancientcivilization.
在山东潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志（2016年四级）
In Weifang,Shandong,kites arenotonly forentertainment but alsosymbolsofculture ofthe city.
这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学收益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现
在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。
These funds are used to improve educational facilities and purchase books, and more than 160
thousand primary schools and middle schools benefit from it. In addition, the fund is to be used for
purchasingmusic and paintingfacilities.Asaconsequence,nowadays thechildren intheruralareascan
havethe music andpainting classesas sameas the children inthe coastalcities do.
-16-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
四、翻译步骤
1. 以意群为单位读句子，确定句子的时态和语态
2. 确定句子的主干，非主干部分用定语或状语来翻译
3. 每句话翻译完之后都要看该句话和下句话的逻辑关系，加逻辑关系词
【2021年6月】
铁观音（Tieguanyin）是中国最受欢迎的茶之一，原产自福建省安溪县西坪镇，如今安溪全县普遍种植，
但该县不同地区生产的铁观音又各具风味。铁观音一年四季均可采摘，尤以春秋两季采摘的茶叶品质最佳。
铁观音加工非常复杂，需要专门的技术和丰富的经验。铁观音含有多种维生素，喝起来口感独特。常饮铁
观音有助于预防心脏病、降低血压、增强记忆力。
Tieguanyin is one of the most popular teas in China, which was originally produced in XipingTown,Anxi
County, Fujian Province. Nowadays, it is widely grown in Anxi County, while Tieguanyin produced in
different parts of the county has its own flavor. The tea can be picked all the year round, and especially
the seapickedinspringandautumnhasthebestquality.Itsprocessingisvery complicatedandrequires
special technology and rich experience.Tieguanyin contains a variety of vitamins and tastes unique.
Drinking Tieguanyin regularly can help prevent heart disease, lower blood pressure and improve
memory.
-17-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
第三部分 阅读理解
一、传统阅读（仔细阅读）
1. 时间： 8 分钟/篇
2. 指导原则：
1) 先读第一段及第二段首句
2）顺序原则
出题顺序与行文顺序一致
3. 题型分类：
(1) 主旨题：
(2) 细节题
1）方法
定位
a. 关键词定位
b. 顺序定位
2）正确答案特征
a. 位置：定位句＋前后句
b. 细节题的正确答案一定来自于定位句加前后句的某句话
作者态度题不选词：
indifferent biased prejudiced
detached neutral pessimistic
subjective puzzled confused
1. 例题
【2020年卷一/第一篇】
Three children in every classroom have a diagnosable mental health condition. Half of these are
behavioural disorders, while one third are emotional disorders such as stress, anxiety and depression,
whichoften becomeoutwardlyapparentthroughself-harm.Therewas anastonishing 52percentjumpin
hospital admissions for children and young people who had harmed themselves between 2009 and
2015.
Schools and teachers have consistently reported the scale of the problem since 2009. Last year,
over half of teachers reported that more of their pupils experience mental health problems than in the
-18-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
past.Butteachersalsoconsistentlyreporthow ill-equippedtheyfeeltomeetpupils'mentalhealthneeds,
and often cite a lack of training, expertise and support from the National Health Service ( 英国国家医疗
服务体系 ).
Part of the reason for the increased pressure on schools is that there are now fewer “early
intervention(干预)”and low-level mental health services based in the community. Cuts to local authority
budgets since 2010 have resulted in a significant decline of these services, despite strong evidence of
their effectivenessinpreventing crises further down the line.
The only way to break the pressures on both mental health services and schools is to reinvest in
early intervention servicesinside schools.
There are strong arguments for why schools are best placed to provide mental health services.
Schools see young people more than any other service, which gives them a unique ability to get to
hard-to-reach children and young people and build meaningful relationships with them over time. Recent
studies have shown that children and young people largely prefer to see a counsellor in school rather
than in an outside environment. Young people have reported that for low-level conditions such as stress
andanxiety,aclinicalsetting cansometimes bedaunting(令人却步的).
There are already examples of innovative schools which combine mental health and well-being
provision with a strong academic curriculum. This will, though, require a huge cultural shift. Politicians,
policymakers, commissioners and school leaders must be brave enough to make the leap towards
reimagining schools as providers ofhealth aswellas education services.
46.Whatareteachers complaining about?
A. There are too manystudentsrequiring special attention.
B. They are under too muchstress counsellingneedy students.
C. Schools are inadequatelyequipped toimplementanyintervention.
D. They lackthe necessaryresources toaddress pupils'mentalproblems.
47.Whatdowe learnfrom the passage aboutcommunity healthservicesin Britain ?
A. They havedeteriorated due tobudgetcuts.
B. They facilitatelocal residents'everyday lives.
C. They proveineffective inhelping mentalpatients.
D. They cover preventativecare forthe local residents.
48.Wheredoes the author suggestmentalhealth servicesbe placed?
A. Athome.
B. Atschool.
C. In hospitals.
D. In communities.
-19-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
49.Whatdowe learnfrom the recentstudies ?
A. Students prefer torelyon peersto relieve stressand anxiety.
B. Young people are keenon building meaningfulrelationships.
C. Students are morecomfortable seeking counselling inschool.
D. Young people benefitfromvariouskinds ofoutdoor activities.
50.Whatdoes the author meanby aculturalshift(Lines 2-3,Para. 6)?
A. Simplification ofschools' academiccurriculums.
B. Parents' involvementinschools' policy-making.
C. Achange inteachers'attitudes tomentalhealth.
D. Achange inthe conceptionof whatschools are.
Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists, and it is
easy to see why.SouthAmerica and sub-SaharanAfrica are experiencing deforestation on an enormous
scale: every year almost 5 million hectares are lost. But forests are also changing in rich Western
countries. They are growing larger, both in the sense that they occupy more land and that the trees in
them are bigger.Whatis goingon?
Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries, with the fastest growth in places that
historically had rather few trees. In 1990 28% of Spain was forested; now the proportion is 37%. In both
Greece and Italy, the growth was from 26% to 32% over the same period. Forests are gradually taking
more land inAmerica andAustralia. Perhaps mostastonishing is the trend inIreland. Roughly 1%of that
country was forested when it became independent in 1922. Now forests cover 11% of the land, and the
government wants topushthe proportionto 18% bythe 2040s.
Two things are fertilising this growth. The first is the abandonment of farmland, especially in high,
dry placeswherenothing grows terribly well.Whenfarmersgive uptrying toearnaliving fromfarmingor
herding, trees simply move in. The second is government policy and subsidy. Throughout history,
governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons, ranging from the need for
wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building. Nowadays forests are increasingly
welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air. The justifications change; the desire for
more trees remainsconstant.
The greening of the West does not delight everyone. Farmers complain that land is being taken out
of use by generously subsidised tree plantation. Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest
fires. Others simply dislike the appearance of forests planted in neat rows. They will have to get used to
-20-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
the trees, however. The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation
elsewhere.
51.Whatiscatching environmentalists'attentionnowadays?
A. Rich countries are stripping poor ones oftheir resources.
B. Forests are fastshrinkinginmany developingcountries.
C. Forests are eating away the fertile farmlandworldwide.
D. Rich countries are doinglittle toaddress deforestation.
52.Whichcountries have the fastestforestgrowth?
A. Those thathavenewly achieved independence.
B. Those thathavethe greatestdemand fortimber.
C. Those thatusedtohavethe lowest forestcoverage.
D. Those thatprovideenormous governmentsubsidies.
53.Whathas encouragedforestgrowth historically?
A. Thegovernment'sadvocacy.
B. Theuse ofwoodfor fuel.
C. Thefavourable climate.
D. Thegreenmovement.
54.Whataccountsforourincreasing desirefor forests?
A. Their unique scenicbeauty.
B. Their useas fruitplantations.
C. Their capability ofimproving air quality.
D. Their stable supply ofbuilding materials.
55.Whatdoes the author conclude aboutthe prospects offorestation?
A. Deserts insub-SaharanAfricawilldiminishgradually.
B. Itwillplay amoreand more importantrole inpeople’slives.
C. Forest destruction inthe developing worldwillquickly slow down.
D. Developed anddeveloping countriesare movingin opposite directions.
-21-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
二、长篇阅读
解题步骤 （15分钟）
1. 看大标题，小标题
了解文章中心，推测文章大概内容及作者态度
2. 找题干中的定位词 回头定位
1）专有名词：
时间 地点 数字 人名 地名 国家名
2）固定概念：合成词、专业概念、特别说法、具体的名词
e.g. take-to-self pronoun
3）如以上定位线索没有，则是：
常用动词、 极端词、最高级、形容词、副词
4）文章的中心词不能拿来定位
3. 重叠选项，得出答案
注意：找出明显定位词后，最好阅读一下该句子意思，和选项是否意思一致。
4. 查漏补缺
找不到定位的就最后再做
读每段的重点句：
1）段首段尾句
2）段中转折词，因果词 ，递进词后
注意：已对应两个句子的段落，可不用再阅读
一般有7,8个左右句子可明显定位
1. 举例：【2020年12月卷二】
36.One legislative staffer assumed that a woman of color who advocated affordable childcare must be
asingle mother.
E) That comment, says Mothering Justice director DanielleAtkinson, “was meant to shame” and relied
on the familiar notion that a woman of color concerned about income inequality and programs that
promotemobility mustby definitionbe asingle mom,probably with multiple kids.
37.People fromdifferentraces,genders,and regionsallsuffer fromalackoffinancialsecurity.
H) But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans can' t come up with $400 in an emergency is a commonly cited
statistic for good reason: economic instability stretches across race, gender, and geography. It even
-22-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
reaches into the middle classes, as real wages have stagnated (不增长) for all but the very wealthy and
temporaryspells of financialinstabilityare notuncommon.
38.According toasurvey,while the majoritybelieve too little assistanceis given tothe poor,more thana
third believetoo muchis spenton welfare.
M) According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending
too little on “assistance to the poor”. On the other hand, 22 percent think we are spending too little on
“welfare”:37 percentbelieve we arespending too much.
39) A research group has found that Americans who are struggling are thought to be lazy and to have
madethe wrong decisions.
J) ...... “When we see people who are struggling,” he says, those assumptions “lead us to the perception
thatpeople inpovertyare lazy,they don’tcare,and theyhaven’tmadethe right decisions.”
40. Under the old system in America, a mother was supposed to stay home and take care of her
children.
D) …… One of the Mothering Justice organizers went to the office of a state representative to talk about
the lack of affordable childcare—the vestiges (痕迹) of a system that expected mothers to stay home
with their children while their husbands worked. A legislative staffer dismissed the activist’s concerns,
telling her “myhusbandtook careofthat— Istayed home.”
41.Itwas foundthat nearly50% ofAmericans arepoor or receivelow pay.
F) How many of us are poor in the U. S.? It depends on who you ask.According to the Census Bureau,
38 million people in the U.S. are living below the official poverty thresholds. Taking into account
economic need beyond that absolute measure, the Institute for Policy Studies found that 140 million
peopleare poor or low-income.That’salmosthalf theU.S. population.
42.Americans usually overestimatethe number ofblacks receivingwelfarebenefits.
N) It’s true that black mothers are more affected by poverty than many other groups, yet they are
disproportionately the face of poverty.For example,Americans routinely overestimate the share of black
recipients ofpublic assistance programs.
-23-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
43.Itis impossibleforAmericansto liftthemselves outof poverty entirelyon theirown.
I) Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.The big
American myth is that you can pull yourself up by your own efforts and change a bad situation into a
good one. The reality is that finding opportunity without help from families, friends, schools, and
community isvirtually impossible.Andthe playing fieldis nothingclose tolevel.
44.Nowadays,itseemsnone ofuscan getaway fromincomeinequality.
C)Today’sfacesofincomeinequality andlackofopportunitylook like allofus.
45.Assumptions aboutpoor peoplebecomeevenmore negative whenthey live onwelfare.
L) Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural
discrimination based on race, gender, or ability.Assumptions get worse when people who are poor use
government benefits to help them survive. There is a great tension between “the poor” and those who
are receivingwhat has becomea dirtyword:“welfare”.
三、选词填空
时间：7--8分钟
步 骤：
1. 标注选项中单词的词性，归类；
2. 看文章首句，了解文章中心；
3. 根据每个空出现的位置判断需要填的单词的词性；
4. 把对应词性的选项带入，符合意思一致即正确答案；
举例：【2020年12月第二套】
A) constantly B) credible C) essential
D) exploring E) gather F) load
G) miserable H) pressure I) properly
J) records K) removed L) stacks
M) suspicion N) tracked O) watching
Trust is fundamental to life. If you can’t trust anything, life becomes intolerable. You can’t have
-24-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
relationships without trust,letalonegood ones. Inthe workplace,too, trustis 26 .
26.adj. B) credible C) essential G)miserable
An organization without trustwill be full of fear and 27 . Ifyou work for a boss who doesn’ttrusttheir
employees todo things right,you’llhavea 28 time.
27.n H) pressure J) records L) stacks M) suspicion
28.adj B) credible C) essential G)miserable
They’ll be checking up on you all the time, correcting “mistakes” and 29 reminding you to do this or
that. Colleagues who don’t trust one another will need to spend more time 30 their backs than doing
anyusefulwork.
29.adv A) constantly I) properly
30.doing D) exploring O) watching
……Organizations are always trying tocut costs.Think ofall the additional tasks caused by lack of trust.
Audit(审计)departmentsonlyexistbecauseofit.Companieskeeplargevolumesof 31 becausethey
don’ttrusttheir suppliers,their contractors ortheir customers.
31.n H) pressure J) records L) stacks M) suspicion
Probably more than half of all administrative work is only there because of an ever-existing sense that
“you can’t trust anyone these days.” If even a small part of such valueless work could be 32 , the
savings would run intomillions of dollars.
32.done E) gather F) load K) removed N) tracked
All this is extra work we 33 onto ourselves because we don’t trust people-the checking, following
through, doing things ourselves because we don’t believe others will do them 34 -or at all. If we took
all that away, how much extra time would we suddenly find in our life? How much of our work 35
would disappear?
33.v. E) gather F) load K) removed N) tracked
34.adv. A) constantly I) properly
35.n. H) pressure J) records L) stacks M) suspicion
-25-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
第四部分 听力
一、听力锦囊一：视听一致
(一) 做题方法
方法一：闭眼听完再做
方法二：边看边做边听
(二) 视听一致
1. 如何“视”：
脑：四不要--不急躁；不抠生词；不乱翻译；不久留；
眼：眼珠活起来--横看不同点+默读（名词，动宾短语，否定，比较级，最高级）；
--竖看相同点。
2. 如何“听”：
耳：原则--题文同序
选项单词读到越多，多为正确选项。（注意同义替换）
当选项中某单词被读到，该题目就开始。
（三）做题应用
例1：【2021年 6月】
1. A) Enrol himina Newcastlefootball club.
B) Send him to an after-schoolart class.
C)Forbid him todraw in his workbook.
D) Help him post hisdrawings online.
2. A) Contacted Joe todecorate itsdining-room.
B) Hired Joeto paint all thewalls ofits buildings.
C)Renovated its kitchen andall thedining-rooms.
D)Asked Joefor permission tousehis onlinedrawings.
例2：【2021年 6月】
5. A) It gives 5,000yen to employees who keep pet cats.
-26-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
B) It permits employees to bring cats into theiroffice.
C)It donates money to overpopulated animal shelters.
D) It allows workers to dowhatevertheir hearts desire.
6. A) Contributetoa fund forcat protection. C)Rescue homeless cats.
B) Volunteer to help in animal shelters. D) Keep cats off thestreet.
7. A) It has led someother companies tofollowsuit.
B) It has resulted in damage to office equipment.
C)It has helped alot to improveanimals’ well-being.
D) It has contributed tremendously to thefirm’s fame.
例3：【2021年 6月】
3.A) Scotland willreach thenational target in carbon emissionsreduction ahead ofschedule.
B) Glasgow has pledged to take thelead inreducing carbon emissions inthe UK.
C)First MinisterNicolaSturgeon urged ScottishPowerto reduce carbon emissions.
D) GlasgowCityCouncil has made a deal with ScottishPower oncarbon emissions.
4.A) It’s necessary tocreate more low-emissionzones as soonas possible.
B) Stricter regulation is needed in transforming Glasgow’s economy.
C)Glasgow is going to explorenew sources of renewableenergy.
D) Glasgowneeds to investin new technologies to reach itsgoal.
参考录音文本
例1：【transcript】
And finally in tonight’s news,a 9-year-old boynamedJoe, told notto drawin class, lands ajob decorating a
restaurant with his drawings. Rather than shutting down the habit of drawing in his school’s workbook, (1) Joe’s
parents decided to encourage his creativity by sending their son to an after-school art class. His teacher
recognizedJoe’stalentandpostedallhis workonline,which ledtosomethingprettywonderful.(2)Arestaurant
named “Number 4” in Newcastle contacted Joe’s teacher to ask if the 9-year-old could come and decorate
itsdining-roomwithhisdrawings.
Every day after school, Joe’s dad drives him to the restaurant so he can put his ideas straight on the wall.
Once he’s all done, the work will remain there permanently. Joe’s dad said, “Joe is a really talented little boy. He
isexcellentatschool.He’sgreatatfootball.Butdrawingisdefinitelywhatheismostpassionateabout.”
Q1.WhatdidJoe’sparentsdecidetodo?
Q2.Whatdidtherestaurant“Number4”do?
-27-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
例2：【transcript】
A JapaneseITfirmhasofficiallyintroducedan“officecat”policytocombatthestressfulenvironmentofthe
workplace. A total of nine furry friends freely wander around in the office and do whatever their little hearts
desire.
(5) Hidenobu Fukuda, who heads the firm, introduced the pet policy, upon request from one of his
employees, allowing staff to bring their own cats to work. Employee Eri Ito is grateful for their animals’
comforting ways. “Cats are sleeping just beside us. It’s healing.” she said. Not only does Fukuda encourage
bringing cats to the job, (6) but he also encourages his employees to rescue cats from overpopulated shelters
or streets. He gives 5,000 yen, about 45 US dollars a month to those who rescue a cat. While the positives are
many,therearestillsomeobstacles.“Sometimesacatwillwalkonaphoneandcutoffthecall,ortheyshutdown
thecomputersbywalkingontotheoffswitch.”Itosays.(7)Still,catsintheworkplacehavebeenatremendous
successforthecompany.Thepolicyhasledtovariousothercompaniesdoingthesame.
Q5.WhatdowelearnfromthenewsreportabouttheJapaneseITfirm?
Q6.WhatdoesFukudaencouragehisemployeestodo?
Q7.Whatdoesthenewsreportsayaboutthefirm’spolicy?
例3：【transcript】
(3) Glasgow has pledged to become the first carbon neutral city in the UK. The city’s council and
ScottishPower have announced a range of strategies in an attempt to reduce carbon emissions ahead of the
new national target of 2045. First Minister Nicola Sturgeon welcomed the pledge and said, “Today’s
announcement between ScottishPower and Glasgow City Council—to make Glasgow the UK’s first net-zero
city—is a very welcome step. Reaching our goals will need exactly this kind of partnership approach—with
government,business,localauthoritiesandcitizens,allplayingtheirpart.”(4)SpeakingaheadoftheAllEnergy
Conference being held in Glasgow, ScottishPower chief executive Keith Anderson said, “We have a large
supply ofrenewableenergyonour doorstepandoneofthe onlytwolow emissionzones inactionacrossthe
UK.Now,weneedtoinvestinthetechnologiesandprogramsthattransformtherestofGlasgow’seconomy
andmakeusnetzerobeforeanyoneelse.”
Q3.Whatdowelearnfromthenewsreport?
Q4.WhatdidScottishPower’schiefexecutivesayaheadoftheAllEnergyConference?
二、听力锦囊二：俩原则巧解新闻题
（一）解题原则
1. 抓头原则
2. 关键词原则
-28-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
（二）做题应用
1. 抓头原则
例4：【2020年 12月】
1. A) Adeadly fish has been spottedin theMediterranean waters.
B) Invasive species are driving away certain nativespecies.
C)The Mediterranean isa natural habitat ofDevil Firefish.
D) Many peoplehave been attacked byDevil Firefish.
例5：【2020年 12月】
3. A) Cars will not beallowed toenter thecity.
B) About half ofitscity center willbe closed tocars.
C)Buses will betheonly vehicles allowed onits streets.
D) Pedestrians will havefree access to thecity.
例6：【2020年 9月】
1. A) ShiptrafficintheAtlantic. C)Exhaust from cars inEurope.
B) Warm currents in theocean. D) Particles emitted bypower plants.
2. 关键词原则
① 极端词（first, only）
② 最高级（most, best, worst）
③ 逻辑关系词
因果关系：
because, because of,since, as, for,dueto, owing to, main reason...
转折关系:
but, however,unfortunately
④ 结论观点
experts/scientistssay
Study/research shows
例7：【2020年 9月】
3. A) To appeal forhigher wages. C)Tocall fora permanent security guard.
B) Todemand betterhealth care. D) To dismiss thebad-tempered supervisor.
-29-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
4. A) It hadalready taken strong action. C)It would take theirappeal seriously.
B) It would put customers’needs first. D)It was seeking helpfrom thepolice.
例8：【2020年 9月】
5. A) Theroad was flooded. C)The road was frozen with snow.
B) The road was blocked. D) Theroad was covered with spilledgas.
6. A) Atruck plunged into apool of liquidchocolate.
B) The heavy snowmade driving very difficult.
C)The truck driver dozed offwhile driving.
D) Atruck hit abarrier and overturned.
7. A) It was along timebefore thecleanup was finished.
B) It was ahard task to remove thespilled substance.
C)It was fortunate that nopassenger got injured.
D) It was difficult tocontact themanufacturer.
参考录音文本
例4：【transcript】
ApoisonousfishwhichhasastingstrongenoughtokillahumanisinvadingtheMediterranean,warnedscientists.
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (UICN) has raised concerns after the poisonous fish was
spottedinthewatersaroundTurkey,CyprusandtheeasternMediterranean.
Q1.Whatisreportedinthenews?
例5：【transcript】
AlmosthalfthecentreofPariswillbeaccessibleonlybyfootorbicyclethisSundaytomarkWorldCar-FreeDay.
ThisisinresponsetorisingairpollutionthatmadeParisthemostpollutedcityintheworldforabrieftime.
Q3.WhatwillhappenonWorldCarFreeDayinParis?
例6：【transcript】
ANASAsatellite orbiting over Portugal took photographs that reveal the effects of pollution from ships. One of
the photos shows a thin film of clouds above the brilliant blue of the northAtlantic, cut by white lines of thicker
cloudsthatlooklikescars.NASAofficialsexplainedthosethickercloudsaresignsofshiptrafficbelow.
Q1.WhathascausedthethickcloudsinthephotostakenbyaNASAsatellite?
例7：【transcript】
Staff at a suburban supermarket in Melbourne say they feel unsafe at work after security guards were removed.
-30-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
This came after a series of physical attacks and verbal abuse by customers. (3) More than 50 workers at the
store have signed a letter calling for a permanent security guard following a series of incidents, including a
customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife.Asecurity worker had guard at the storm each night
fromsevenpmuntil12am.
But that had stopped suddenly on Monday, employees said. One worker said an angry customer had thrown a
chickenathisheadaftercomplainingabouthowlongshehadwaitedtobeserved.Anotherworkersaidthelackof
protection at the storm made her feel uncomfortable at work. (4) However, the spokesman of the supermarket
said the store had taken strong action in response to incidents. We have found very few instances of bad
customerbehavioratourstoreinthepastyear.Intherarecases,wehaveseenbadbehavior.Wehavetakenstrong
actioninresponse,includingbanningacustomerfromthestore.
Q3.ForwhatpurposedidthisstaffatasupermarketinMelbournesignaletter?
Q4.Whatdidthespokesmanofthesupermarketssayregardingtheemployeesdemand?
例8：【transcript】
(5) Drivers ontheirway to the polish capital ofWarsaw onWednesday morning found the roadblocked by
an unusual obstacle. Tons of liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway. (6) A truck carrying the sweet
load hit a road barrier and overturned, blocking two lanes. The cracked tank spilled a pool of a rapidly
hardening chocolate, which quickly covered the width of the road, while the driver was taken to hospital with a
broken arm, firefighters struggled to remove a reported 12 tons of solid chocolate from the road. (7) A
representative for the firefighters told the local TV that removing the chocolate was worse than dealing
with snow. After contacting the chocolate manufacturer, the firefighters resorted to spraying hot, pressurized
water to get rid of the sticky substance. The local TV also noted that the cleanup spanned more than a Mile
because drivers simply drove through the chocolate after the crash, leaving a long chocolate trail. But despite the
stickysituation,firefightersandpoliceattendingtothecleanupwerereportedlycheerfulaboutthelongtaskahead.
Afterall,whocouldbemadabout12tonsofchocolate?
Q5.WhatdoesdriversonthemotorwaytoWarsawfind?
Q6.Whatdoesthereportsayabouttheaccident?
Q7.WhatarethefirefightersrepresentativetellthelocalTV?
三、听力锦囊三：四原则解锁长对话
（一）解题原则
1. 抓头原则
2. 对话原则
（1）问题在于找节奏定位
（2）答句常出题重首尾
3. 关键词原则
-31-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
① 极端词
first, firstly,at first, at least, only...
② 最高级
most, mostimportant, best, worst
③ 逻辑关系词
因果关系：
because, because of,since, as, for,dueto, owing to, main reason...
转折关系:
however,but, unfortunately
递进关系：
besides; apart from; inaddition; furthermore; what’smore; moreover
举例关系：
for example/forinstance/such as
4. 重复原则（某一选项中词汇被重复读到）
（二）做题应用
例8：【2021年 6月】
12.A) Shoppingonline. C)Where hegoes shopping.
B) Shopping delivery. D) Howoften hedoes shopping.
13.A) Searching in theaisles. B) Dealing with thetraffic.
C)Getting one’s car parked. D) Driving too long adistance.
14.A) Thedamage to thepackaging. C)The replacement policy.
B) The qualityof food products. D) Theafter-sales service.
15.A) It saves money. C)It is less time-consuming.
B) It offers morechoice. D) It increases thejoy of shopping.
例9：【2021年 6月】
12.A) For commutingto work. C)For getting around in Miami.
B) For long-distance travel. D) For convenience at weekends.
13.A) They are reliable. C)They are spacious.
B) They are compact. D) They are easy to drive.
14.A) Buy asecond-hand car. C)Seek advicefrom his friend.
B) Trust her ownjudgment. D) Look around before deciding.
15.A) He sellsnew cars. C)He isstarting a business.
B) He can be trusted. D) He isasuccessful car dealer.
-32-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
参考录音文本
例8：【transcript】
W:Hi,Max.Howareyou?Listen,(12)Iwanted toaskyouabout ordering shoppingonline.I’veneverdoneit
beforeandIknowthatyou’vebeendoingitforages.
M:Sure.Ilovegettingmyshoppingdelivered.Itmakeslifesomuchsimpler—(13)nocarryingheavyshopping
bags in the rain, or trying to park the car on those huge supermarket car parks then not being able to find
itagainafteryoucomeoutoftheshops.
W: But there must be some problems. I mean, (14) how do you know that you won’t get bad fruit, or that the
eggswon’tbebroken?
M: Oh, come on. The food is exactly the same as the stuff you buy in a conventional shop. They aren’t going to
deliver you food that is out of date. And if you get a broken egg, well, that could happen in a conventional shop,
too. If anything is really wrong, you can just take photographs of the damage, and they will give you the money
backorreplacetheitem.
W:Howaboutdeliveryfees?Isitnotmoreexpensivetogeteverythingdelivered?
M: (15) I actually found that it was cheaper for me, as I live quite far away from my localsupermarket. So
withthedeliveries,I’mactuallysavingonpetrol.
W: I’ve never thought of that. If you aren’t driving your own car, then you are saving on fuel. Right, you’ve
convinced me. I’m going to go on the computer now and give it a try. So, which supermarket do you think is the
besttoorderfrom?
M:Oh,no.That’sdefinitelyuptoyou.Otherwise,we’llbehereallday.
例9：【transcript】
W: I’m thinking of buying a car. (12) I wouldn’t need to use it every day, but I think it would be very
convenienttohaveonefortheweekends.
M:That’sexciting.Wouldthisbeyourfirstcar?
W: No, I actually owned a car for a little while when I lived in Miami. You see, in America, many cities don’t
havegoodpublictransport.So,mostpeopleneedtheirowncartogetaround.
M:Isee.Sohaveyougotyourmindsetonaspecificmodel?
W: No, not really. (13) I’ve heard that German cars are very reliable, but I haven’t decided on a specific
modelyet.I’dalsolikeittobesmall,sothatit’seasytodriveinthecity.
M: (14) I have a friend who sells second-hand cars. In fact, I think his family owns the business. He’s a
really nice guy, and he knows a lot about cars. I could give you his phone number if you want, and you
couldcallhimandaskhimquestions.
W:Hmm,that’sniceofyou,butIdon’twanttofeelobligedtobuyoneofhiscars.
-33-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
M: Oh no, he’s not like that. (15-1) He’s a good friend of mine, and he would never try to pressure you or
cheatyou.
W:(15-2)Well,ifyoutrusthim,then,IguessitshouldbeOK.Tobehonest,Icouldusesomehelpindeciding
whattypeofvehiclewouldbestsuitmyneeds.Speakingtoanexpertwouldbeagoodidea.
M:Exactly.Youhavenothingtoworryabout.He’salovelyguy,andhe’llbehappytohelp.
Q12.Whydoesthewomanwanttohaveacar?
Q13.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutGermancars?
Q14.Whatdoesthemanrecommendthewomando?
Q15.Whatdowelearnabouttheman’sfriendfromtheconversation?
四、听力锦囊四：四原则攻克篇章
（一）解题原则
1. 抓头原则
2. 关键词原则
① 极端词
first, firstly,at first, at least, only...
② 最高级
most, mostimportant, best, worst
③ 逻辑关系词
因果关系：
because, because of,since, as, for,dueto, owing to, main reason, result from, the reason why;
so, therefore, lead to,result in,contribute to..
转折关系:
however,but, unfortunately
递进关系：
besides; apart from; inaddition; furthermore; what’smore; moreover
举例关系：
for example/forinstance/such as
数字：
decade=10years
one fifth=20%
50%=half
3. 结论原则
① 人物观点（人名+介绍+动词+that）
② experts/professors/scientists say
-34-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
③ study/research/evidence shows
indicate,find,believe,conclude,identify,reveal,discover,suggest,argue,report,itturns out....
4. 重复原则（某一选项中词汇被重复读到）
听到逻辑关系词，快速匹配，匹配不上就接着听，不要回想。
（二）做题应用
例10：【2020年 9月】
16.A) Reading books ofwisdom. C)Sharing with others.
B) Tidying upone’shome. D) Donating tocharity.
17.A) Things that make one happy. C)Things that occupy littlespace.
B) Things that are becoming rare. D) Things that cost alot ofmoney.
18.A) It joined thecity’s clean-up campaign.
B) It sold as many as fifty boxes ofbooks.
C)It received an incredibly large numberofdonated books.
D) It did littlebusiness because of theunusual cold weather.
例11：【2020年9月】
19.A) Givefree meals to thehomeless. C)Help the vulnerable tocook lunches.
B) Provideshelter for thehomeless. D)Call for change inthe local government.
20.A) Strengthen co-operation. C)Win national support.
B) Promoteunderstanding. D)Follow hisexample.
21.A) Spreading news ofhis deeds. C)Followingthe examplehesets.
B) Writinghim thank-you notes. D) Sending himhand-made bags.
例12：【2020年 9月】
22.A) To solveword search puzzles. C)Totest theireyesight usinga phoneapp.
B) Tosend smartphonemessages. D) To installsome audio equipment in alab.
23.A) They could not go onuntil theringing stopped.
B) They could nolongerconcentrate ontheir task.
C)They grabbed thephoneand called backright away.
D) They asked theirexperimenter to hang upthephone.
24.A) Arise inemotional problems. C)A reduction in theamount ofsleep.
B) A declinein sports activities. D) Adecline in academicperformance.
-35-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
25.A) Protect theeyesight oftheyounger generation.
B) Take effective measures to raiseproductivity.
C)Realizethedisruptiveeffects oftechnology.
D) Ensurethey have sufficient sleep every day
参考录音文本
例10：【transcript】
Doyouhavetoomuchstuff?Areyoudaringsayinguntidy?(16)SayhellotoaTVshowcalled“tidyingupwith
Mary Kondo”, a home improvement show based on a widely popular book, the life changing magic of
tidying up. In the show,Marie Kondo acts as a tiny garbage fairy for messy people, visiting their houses to share
the wisdomoftheconMariemethod.This methodis simple intheory,butcanbeendlesslycomplexandpractice.
(17)Youdivide allthe stuff inyourhouse, allofitinto severalcategories, andthen examine eachitem, allof
them to see if it sparks joy. If it does, you keep it. If it doesn't, you thank it and neatly discard it. So is the TV
show inspiring people to tidy up? First hand accounts seem to indicate a small wave of people bringing piles of
donation bags to used good stores. One store received thousands of bags of used possessions in one day. January
is usually the stores slow season for donations because it's cold. And people don’t want to bother. But not this
January,peopleseemdeterminedtocleanuptheirhomes.(18)Oneusedbookstorereceivedamonth’sworthof
books anddonations inaweek,whenamangaveover50boxesofbooks fromhis home.Itseems Mary’sTV
showishavingabigimpactafterall.
Q16:WhatisMarieKondos’TVshowabout?
Q17:Whatthingscanbekeptinone’shomeaccordingtoMarieKondo?
Q18:WhatdowelearnaboutoneusedbookstorethisJanuary?
例11：【transcript】
At just 12 years old, Mike Hannon is making a difference in his community. (19) One lunch at a time, Mike’s
lunches of love has fed more than 2000 of the town’s most vulnerable residents. Mike delivers meals to the
homeless. “It’s like a way to give people joy, maybe spark something in them that can change them,” Mike told
WBCTV. The mayor of Mike’s town feels that Mike is a great community leader, especially in such times of so
much negative news, while his father commented on how proud he was of his son. Yet, Mike isn’t looking for
praise but kindness in return.(20) He hopes his acts of charity will influence others to spread positive actions
in their own towns. Mike includes a handwritten message of joy on each bag. His message and star power has
spread all over the country. To date, his online page to raise funds has brought in more than 44,000 dollars in a
county, raising more than 17,000 dollars in just one day with the help of many famous actors and others. (21)
People from all over the country are sending special handcrafted bags to help the young man with his
mission to help those in need. Many are hoping the simple act of kindness spreads, like is seen as hope for the
-36-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
futureofthetown,thecountry,andtheworld.
Q19:WhatdoesMikeHannondotohelppeopleinhistown?
Q20:WhatdoesMikehopeotherswilldo?
Q21:HowarepeopleallovercountryrespondingtowhatMikeisdoing?
例12：【transcript】
Inarecentstudycarriedoutbypsychologistsonthedisruptiveeffectsofsmartphones,(22)twogroupsofcollege
students were given word search puzzles. First group was told to Complete the puzzles with its participants,
smartphones, in their line of sight. The second group, however, was told that the phones would interfere with
equipmentintheexperimentandwouldneedtobemovedawayfromthetestingarea.
Midway through the secondgroups solving of the puzzles, theexperiment called oneof the phones “letit ring for
a while before hanging up”. (23) Many of the students in that group were unable to focus from then on,
becominganxiousandperformingmorepoorlythanthefirstgroup.
Use of electronics has also been known to lead to a decline in human interactions rather than having real life
conversations, many express emotions and engage in deep conversations through social media sites. Many
students use their phones andcomputers during passfor non-academic activities, which leads to poor grades. (24)
Perhaps the most dramatic impact is the reduction on the amount of sleep,which leads to poor health and
weightgain.
Technology is a great tool. However, it’s important to recognize its down sides. Lack of sleep, reduction of
productivity and weight gain are only a few. (25)If we are not careful about all these minor problems right
now,effectonthefuturegenerationisgoingtobemuchbigger.
Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
Q22:Whatwerethecollegestudentsinbothgroupsrequiredtodointhestudy?
Q23:Whatdowelearnaboutmanyofthestudentsinthesecondtestgroupafterthephonerang?
Q24:Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemostdramaticimpactofsmartphoneuse?
Q25:Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledo?
五、听力锦囊五：睡不着起来猜
1. 猜有最高级、极端、数字或者否定的选项 （概率大）
2. 含义相同的选项中选答案
【2019年 6月】
A) Doing what they likebest. C)Making noexcuses for failures.
B) Loving thework they do. D) Following theirnatural instinct.
-37-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
【2021年 6月】
A)When they are ongood terms with theirmanagers.
B)When they find their job goals easily attainable.
C)When they find their supervisors helpful.
D)When they are financially motivated.
【2018年 6月】
A)The return of abottled message toits owner’s daughter.
B)ANew Hampshire man’s joke withfriends onhis wife.
C)Afather’s message forhis daughter.
D)The historyofa century-old motel.
六、听力锦囊六：如何涂卡
一定要注意涂卡很重要！
作文结束试音时间
短篇新闻Directions (38S)---看第一篇选项
短篇新闻1问题（30S）--- 看第二篇选项
短篇新闻2问题（30S）--- 看第三篇选项
短篇新闻3问题（50S）--- 看长对话-1 选项
长对话Directions (30S)--- 涂新闻题答案，复习长对话-1
长对话1问题（70S）--- 看长对话-2 选项
长对话2问题（70S）--- 看篇章-1 选项
篇章Directions（30S）--- 涂长对话答案，复习篇章-1
篇章1问题（50S）--- 看篇章-2 选项
篇章2问题（60S）--- 看篇章-3 选项
篇章3问题（75S）--- 涂篇章答案，剩余其他选项
七、听力锦囊七：戒浮躁，多练习
1. 上午模考练习，目前听到比听懂更重要！切勿纠结。
2. 复盘真题，进行跟读练习，熟悉发音。（坚持到考前）
①拿出一个片段，先听做题；
②看着原文听录音；
-38-2021年12月四级考试保命班讲义
③听一句跟读一句；
④ 闭眼盲听，知道每一个单词都听到。
⑤对自己要求高的同学，可以对原文进行翻译总结。（听懂需要大量时间）
3. 调试好耳机，如果怕出问题带两幅。
-39-
