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听 力
讲师：李旭
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听力技巧考前串讲
讲师：李旭四六级考前冲刺「听力」
题型分布
四级听力测试
试卷结构 测试内容 测试题型 文章个数 题目数量 分值占比 考试时间
短篇新闻 3 7 7%
听力理解
长对话 单选题 2 8 8% 25分钟
听力篇章 3 10 20%
六级听力测试
长对话 2 8 8%
听力理解 听力篇章 单选题 3 7 7% 30分钟
讲话/报导/讲座 3 10 20%四六级考前冲刺「听力」
四|六级听力
解题思路
1. 错位听音，先预览后听音，变“被动听音”为“主动寻找”。
2. 预览选项，分析选项之间的逻辑关系，推测原文大意及问题。
3. 题文同序，根据选项中的关键词大致定位答案出现的段落，防止漏听。
4. 标志词与常设考点，把握 “keywords”，即暗示正确答案出现的标志词。四六级考前冲刺「听力」
解题思路
（1）错位听音
简单的讲，“错位听音法”就是不听问题，把每一组考题提问的时间
用于后面一组考题选项的预览。
播放 预览
题型介绍 Conversation 1的选项
Conversation 1文章 边听边选（涂卡）
Conversation 1问题 Conversation 2的选项
Conversation2文章 边听边选（涂卡）
Conversation 2 问题+题型介绍 Passage 1的选项
……依次类推 ……依次类推四六级考前冲刺「听力」
解题思路
（2）预览选项
1. 预览速度：每道题四个选项预览平均时长为13-15秒。
2. 先纵向，后横向：纵向找相同，横向找不同，划出重复性高的关键词。
3. 如果阅读速度较慢：不必四个选项都看，可以只看两三个选项。
4. 分析不同题干下相关联的选项。
5. 用笔将预判的结果直接标注在卷纸上。解题思路
（3）题文同序原则
大部分听力题目的出题顺序与所听文章内容顺序保持一致：基本上都是从
前往后出题。至于文章主旨类问题，例如“What is the talk mainly about?”，
主旨通常在文章一开始就会提到，但需要听完全文进行总结。根据题文同序原
则听音时，如果已经出现下一题选项的关键词，就要迅速扫读该题的选项是否
与所听到的文章内容匹配，以免错过题目。解题思路
（4）标志词与常设考点
1. 段首、段尾处
2. 转折处：but，however，yet，today，now，although，in fact...
3. 对比处：while，instead，in contrast，unfortunately，fortunately...
4. 因果关系处：because，cause，for，as，since，thanks to...
5. 总结处：all in all，generally speaking，conclude...解题思路
（4）标志词与常设考点
6. 表示重复、强调、顺序处
1）如果某一实词在文章中多次反复出现，其往往就是正确答案。
2）某些常见的标志词的语音语调会发生变化，有些词的语气变得强硬。
3）形容词和副词的最高级，表示唯一的词（only，unique）的出现。
4）常见表示顺序的标志词：first，second，next，finally等。
标志词：do/did + 动词原形，important，particularly，especially等。解题思路
（4）标志词与常设考点
7. 定义、解释说明、建议处
标志词：according to，be known as，be defined/called as something，
the definition of...，which means，show/find/suspect/reveal that，
suggest，advice，had better等。解题思路
（4）标志词与常设考点
8. 设问句处
1）一般疑问句升调处
2）特殊疑问句、特殊疑问词处
标志词：why，what，when，where，who，how等。解题思路
（4）标志词与常设考点
9. 特殊修辞处
排比、举例、比喻、虚拟语气处
标志词：for example，for instance，such as，illustrate，if 等。
10. 人名、数字、专有名词处
标志词：20%，one-fifth等。标志词与常设考点
12. 13.
A) It often occurs among commuters. A) Social anxiety.
B) It promotes mutual understanding. B) Excessive caution.
C) It improves their mood considerably. C) Lack of social skills.
D) It takes a great deal of effort to sustain. D) Preference for solitude.
14. 15.
A) People usually regard it as an unforgettable lesson. A) Contagious.
B) Human brains tend to dwell on negative events. B) Temporary.
C) Negative events often hurt people deeply. C) Unpredictable.
D) People generally resent being rejected. D) Measurable.标志词与常设考点
段首处
解释说明处
听力原文
(Q12) Research shows that a few moments of conversation with a stranger creates
a measurable improvement in mood. But most of us are reluctant to start these
conversations because we presume the opposite. In an experiment, commuters
who talk to nearby strangers found their commute more enjoyable than those who
didn’t. They were asked to predict whether they’d enjoy the commute more if they
conversed with other people. Intriguingly, most expected the more solitary
experience to be more pleasurable.标志词与常设考点
设问句处
听力原文
(Q13) Why is this? Social anxiety appears to be the problem. People’s reluctance
to start conversations with nearby strangers comes partly from “underestimating
others’ interest in connecting”. The sad thing is that people presume that a nearby
stranger doesn’t want to converse—and don’t start a conversation. Only those who
forced themselves to chat because it was required by the experiment found out
what a pleasant experience it could be. Human beings are social animals.标志词与常设考点
听力原文
Those who misunderstand the impact of social interactions may not, in some
contexts, be social enough for their own well-being. You should be chatting with
the strangers you encounter. (Q14) You may occasionally have a negative
encounter that might stick in your memory. This is because the human brain is
biased to dwell on negative events.
因果关系处标志词与常设考点
听力原文
But starting conversations with strangers is still well worth the risk of rejection. It
may surprise you that conversing with strangers will make them happier, too.
(Q15) The pleasure of connection seems contagious. People who are talked to
have equally positive experiences as those who initiate a conversation.
段尾处四六级考前冲刺「听力」
四|六级听力
解题技巧
1. 视听一致
四/六级听力考试中，超半数题目均可运用视听一致选出答案。视：看到
的选项，听：听到的录音。所谓视听一致就是听到和看到的完全一致。
在听到与选项相关的关键词，或者常设考点的标志词之后，原文听到什么
就到选项中找与之相关或相似的答案，某个被完整读到的或者大部分词汇和短
语被读到的选项，是正确选项的可能性更大。解题技巧
1. 视听一致
例1 选项预览：
A) It will be produced at Harvard University.
B) It will be hosted by famous professors.
C) It will cover different areas of science.
D) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.解题技巧
1. 视听一致
例1 选项预览：
A) It will be produced at Harvard University.
B) It will be hosted by famous professors.
C) It will cover different areas of science.
D) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.
听力原文：
It will be about science, all sorts of science. Each episode will focus on a different
area of science, and tell us what we know, how we know it, and what we still don’t
know.
Q: What do we learn about the TV show Science Nation?解题技巧
1. 视听一致
例2 选项预览：
A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports.
B) He competed in all major skiing events in the world.
C) He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics.
D) He broke three world skiing records in three years.解题技巧
1. 视听一致
例2 选项预览：
A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports.
B) He competed in all major skiing events in the world.
C) He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics.
D) He broke three world skiing records in three years.
听力原文：
In 1966 and 1967 he captured virtually every major skiing trophy. The next year he won three gold
medals in the Winter Olympics, a record in ski racing that has never been topped.
Q: What is said to be Killy’s biggest honor in his skiing career?解题技巧
1. 视听一致
例3 选项预览：
A) He asked them about his lost paintings.
B) He knew the owner of two missing paintings.
C) He left his paintings at a highway rest stop.
D) He found two 17th-century oil paintings.解题技巧
1. 视听一致
例3 选项预览：
A) He asked them about his lost paintings.
B) He knew the owner of two missing paintings.
C) He left his paintings at a highway rest stop.
D) He found two 17th-century oil paintings.
听力原文：
German police appealed Friday for information about the possible owners of two 17th-century
oil paintings. Police said a 64-year-old man found the paintings in a garbage pile at a highway
rest stop last month. He later handed them in to the Cologne police.
Q:What did German police say about a 64-year-old man?解题技巧
2. 同义替换
四/六级听力考试中，至少有一半的正确选项和对应的原文答案句之间存
在同义替换。常见的同义替换形式有两种：
1）同义词的替换：词性的替换、短语表达的替换、否定词（双重否定表肯定）
的替换等。例如 privacy = private（词根不变，词性变化）；leave the
track = derail（脱轨）；conceal... from... = doesn’t want... to know。
2）同义句式的替换：主被动语态的替换，因果关系的对调，肯否定替换，以
及详述和概括的替换等。解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例1 选项预览：
A) It is likely to close many of its stores.
B) It is known for the quality of its goods.
C) It remains competitive in the recession.
D) It will expand its online retail business.解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例1 选项预览：
A) It is likely to close many of its stores.
B) It is known for the quality of its goods.
C) It remains competitive in the recession.
D) It will expand its online retail business.
听力原文：
Woolworths is one of the best-known names on the British High Street. It’s been in
business nearly a century. Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the
company’s decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a
token 1 pound failed.
Q: What do we learn about Woolworths from the news report?解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例2 选项预览：
A) It studied the effects of exercise on sleep.
B) Its participants came from various walks of life.
C) Its findings confirmed those of previous studies.
D) It ran for as long as some thirty years.解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例2 选项预览：
A) It studied the effects of exercise on sleep.
B) Its participants came from various walks of life.
C) Its findings confirmed those of previous studies.
D) It ran for as long as some thirty years.
听力原文：
A new study finds that beverages containing added sugar might be harmful. In the study,
researchers analyzed information from over 80,000 women and 37,000 men. Participants
worked in the health profession. They were followed for approximately three decades. They
completed surveys about their diet every four years. They also answered questions about sleep
and exercise and health every two years.
Q: What do we learn about the new study from the news report?解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例3选项预览：
A) A proper mindset.
B) An ambitious plan.
C) An optimistic attitude.
D) A keen interest.解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例3 选项预览：
A) A proper mindset.
B) An ambitious plan.
C) An optimistic attitude.
D) A keen interest.
听力原文：
Always keep that 20% goal in mind, prevent yourself from becoming complacent. It can be
challenging to stick to such a strict plan. But if you adopt the right mindset, you should be
apt to make it work for you.
Q: What does the speaker think is important for achieving financial security?解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例4 选项预览：
A) They are interested in fairy tales.
B) They are curious and autonomous.
C) They are a headache to their parents.
D) They are ignorant of politics.解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例4 选项预览：
A) They are interested in fairy tales.
B) They are curious and autonomous.
C) They are a headache to their parents.
D) They are ignorant of politics.
听力原文：
M: It’s easy to focus on the challenges, but so far, I find these ages to be kind of wonderful.
They are independent, and they have their own curiosities and obsessions. You can talk to
them about fairly sophisticated subject matter such as politics.
Q: What does the man think of young teenagers?解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例5 选项预览：
A) Its members work together despite risks of failure.
B) It prioritizes recruiting young energetic members.
C) Its members stay in touch even after it breaks up.
D) It grows more and more mature professionally.解题技巧
2. 同义替换
例5 选项预览：
A) Its members work together despite risks of failure.
B) It prioritizes recruiting young energetic members.
C) Its members stay in touch even after it breaks up.
D) It grows more and more mature professionally.
听力原文：
There are probably teams you’ve worked with that you never want to work with again. But there must
have also been other teams that you would prize reuniting with professionally. In other words, your
team had vitality. Vitality comes about when the ties people form with their fellow team members are
such that they stay connected even after the team breaks up.
Q: What does the speaker say about a team with vitality?解题技巧
※注意：
1）听力题目几乎每个选项都带有原文词，干扰项通常就是由原文词+错误的
修饰词构成。而那些看起来找不到对应原文的同义替换，反而是正确答案。
2）越简单越常见的单词，越容易被替换。
3）正确选项往往同时包含了视听一致与同义替换。
4）如果某两个选项存在局部相反现象，那这两个选项包含正确选项的可能性
较大。四六级考前冲刺「听力」
课程小结
Conclusion
1. 积累常考词汇
2. 总结同义替换
3. 巩固做题方法
4. 反复听抄练习THANKS
- 预祝取得好成绩 -
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