2025年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题-完整版_20241221204733_2025考研英语真题和答案完整版_2025考研英语二真题及答案_版本二

研 考 创 聚 考研要上就选聚创！ 研 @ 考 创 研 聚 考 研 @ 创 考 聚 2025 年全国硕士研究生招生考试 创 研 @ 试题 聚 考 （英语二） @ 创 （科目代码：204） 研 聚 考 研 @ 创 考 聚 创 研 @ 聚 考 @ 创 聚 研 @ 考 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 2025 年全国硕士研究生 @ 招生考试英语（二）试题 研 Section I Use of English 考 Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for创each 研 numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 聚 考 points) 研 @ 创 There are many understandable reasons why you might find it 考 聚difficult to ask for help when you need it. Psychologists have been 创 interested in this 1 for decades, not least because people’s 研 @ widespread 2 to ask for help has led to some high-profile failures. 聚 考 Asking or help takes 3 . It involves communicating a need on @ 创 研 your part-there’s something you can’t do. 4 , you’re broadcasting 聚 your own weaknesses which can be 5 . You might worry about 考 研 coming across as in@competent. You might have 6 about losing 创 control of whatever it is you’re asking for help with. 7 someone 考 聚 starts to help, perhaps they’ll take over, or get credit for your earlier efforts. 创 研 @ Yet another 8 that might be worried about is being a nuisance or 9 聚 考the person you go to for help. @ If you struggle with low self-esteem, you might find it especially 创 difficult to 10 for help because you have the added worry of the 聚 other person 11 your request. You might see such refusals as 研 @ implying something 12 about the status of your relationship with 考 them. To 13 these difficulties, try to remind yourself that everyone 1 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 needs help sometimes. Nobody knows everything and can do everything 研 @ all by themselves. And while you might 14 coming across as 考 incompetent, there’s actually research that shows that advice-seekers are 创 15 as more com研petent, not less. 聚 Perhaps most encouraging of all is a paper from 2022 by researchers 考 研 at Stanford University that involved a mix of contrived@help-seeking 创 interactions and asking people to 16 times they’d sought help in the 考 聚 past. The findings showed that help-seeker generally underestimate how 创 研 @ 17 other people will be to help and how good it’ll make the help-giver 聚 feel (for most people, having the考chance to help someone is highly @ 18 ). 创 研 So, bear all this in mind the next time you need to ask for help 聚 考 19 , take care over who you ask and when you ask them. And if 研 @ 创 someone can’t help right now, avoid talking it personally. They might just 考 be too 20 , or they might not feel confident about their ability to help 聚 创 研 @ 1. [A]illusion [B]discussion [C]tradition [D]question 聚 2. [A]reluctance [B]ambition [C]tendency [D]enthusiasm 考 3. [A]attention [B]talent [C]courage [D]patience @ 创4. [A]Atanytime [B]Inotherwords [C]Byallmeans [D]Onthecontrary 5. [A]unrealistic [B]deceptive [C]tiresome [D]uncomfortable 聚 6. [A]doubts [B]concerns [C]suggestions [D]secrets 7. [A]Once [B]Unless 研[C]Although [D]Before @ 8. [A]theory [B]choice [C]factor [D]context 考 9. [A]overpraising [B]outperforming [C]reassessing [D] 无 2 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 10. [A]reachout [B]settledown [C]turnover [D]lookback 研 @ 11. [A]declining [B]considering [C]criticising [D]evaluating 考 12. [A]unnecessary [B]negative [C]strange [D]impractical 13. [A]explain [B]identify [C]predict [D]overcome 创 14. [A] deny [研B]forget [C]miss [D]fear 15. [A] disguised [B]perceived [C]followed [D]introduced 聚 考 16. [A] read [B]classify [C]analyse [D]compare 研 @ 17. [A] brave [B]surprising [C]rewarding [D]demanding 创 18. [A] relaxing [B]disappointed [C]willing [D]hesitant 考 聚19. [A] Thus [B]Also [C]Finally [D]Instead 创 20. [A]polite [B]proud [C]busy [D]lazy 研 @ Section II Reading Comprehension 聚 考 PartA @ 创 研 聚 Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below 考 研 each text by choosing@A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER 创 SHEET. (40 points) 考 聚 Text 1 创 研 @ U.S. customers historically tipped people they assumed were earning 聚 考most of their income via tips, such as restaurant servers earning less than @ the minimum wage. In the early 2010s, a wide range of businesses started 创 processing purchases with iPads and other digital payment systems. These 聚 systems prompted customers to tip for services that were not previously 研 @ tipped. 考 Today's tip requests are often not connected to the salary and service 3 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 norms that used to determine when oud how people tip. Customers in the 研 @ past nearly always paid tips after receiving a service, such as at the 考 conclusion of a restaurant meal, after getting a haircut or once a pizza was 创 delivered. That tim研ing could reward high-quality service and give workers 聚 an incentive to provide it. 考 研 It's becoming more common for tips to be requested be@forehand. And 创 new tipping technology may even automatically add tips. 考 聚 The prevalence of digital payment devices has made it easier to ask 创 研 @ customers for a tip. That helps explain why tip requests are creeping into 聚 new kind of services. Customers no考w routinely see menus of suggested @ default options-often well above 70% of what they owe. The amounts have 创 研 risen from 10% or less in the 1950s to 15% around the year 2000 to 20% or 聚 考 higher today. This increase is sometimes called tipflation-the expectation 研 @ 创 of ever-higher tip amounts. 考 Tipping has always been a vital source of income for workers in 聚 historically tipped services, like restaurants, where th创e tipped minimum 研 @ wage can be as low as US $2.13 an hour. Tip creep and tip flation are now 聚 考 further supplementing the income of many low-wage service workers. @ 创 Notably, tipping primarily benefits some of these workers, such as 聚 cooks and dishwashers. To ensure that all employees were paid fair wages, some restaurants banned tipp研ing and increased prices, but this movement @ toward no-tipping services has largely fizzled out. 考 4 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 研 @ 21. According to paragraph 1, the practice of tips in the U.S.________. 考 [A] was regarded by many customers as a sign of generosity 创 研 [B] was considered essential for waiters 聚 考 [C]was a way of rewarding diligence 研 @ [D创] was optional in most businesses 考 22. Compared with tips in the past, today's tips________. 聚 创 [A] are paid much less frequently 研 @ 聚 [B] are less often requested in advance 考 [C] have less to do with service quality @ 创 研 [D] contributed less to workers' income 聚 考 23. Tip requests are creeping into new kind of service as a result of 研 @ 创 ________. 考 [A] the advancement of technology 聚 创 [B] the desire for income increase 研 @ 聚 [C] the diversification of business 考 [D] the emergence of tipflation @ 创 24. The movement toward to no-tipping service was intended to________. 聚 [A] promote consumption 研 @ [B] enrich income sources 考 5 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 [C] maintain reasonable prices 研 @ [D] guarantee income fairness 考 25. It can be learned from the last paragraph that tipping ________. 创 研 [A] is becoming a burden for customers 聚 [B] help考s encourage quality service 研 [C] is vital to business development @ 创 [D] reflects the need to reduce prices 考 聚 创 Text 2 研 @ When it was established, the National Health service (NHS) was 聚 考 visionary: offering high-quality, timely care to meet the dominant needs of @ 创 研 the population it served/Nearly 75 years on; with the UK facing very 聚 different health challenges, it is clear that model is out of date. 考 研 From life expec@tancy to cancer and infant mortality rates, we are 创 lagging behind many of our peers/With more than 6.8 million on waitlists, 考 聚 healthcare is becoming increasingly inaccessible for those who can not opt 创 研 @ to pay for private treatment; and the cost of providing healthcare is 聚 考increasingly squeezed out investment in other public services/ As demand @ for healthcare continues to grow, pressures on the workforce-which is 创 already near breaking point-will only become more acute. 聚 Many of the answers to the crisis in health and care are well 研 @ rehearsed./We need to be much better at reducing and diverting demand on 考 health services, rather than simply managing it./Much more needs to be 6 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 invested in communities and primary care to reduce our reliance on 研 @ hospital's/And capacity in social care needs to be greater, to support the 考 growing number of people living with long-term conditions. 创 研 聚 26. According to the first two paragraphs, the NHS________. 考 研 [A] is troubled by funding deficiencies @ 创 [B] can hardly satisfy people's needs 考 聚 [C] can barely retain its current employees 创 研 @ [D] is rivalled by private medical services 聚 27. One answer to the crisis in heal考th and care is to________. @ [A] boost the efficiency of hospitals 创 研 [B] lighten the burden on social care 聚 考 [C] increase resources for primary care 研 @ 创 [D] reduce the pressure on communities 考 28. "Reimagining health" is aimed to________. 聚 [A] reinforce hospital management 创 研 @ [B] readjust healthcare regulations 聚 考 [C] restructure the health system @ 创 [D] resume suspended health reforms 聚 29.To maximise the nation's health, the author suggests________. [A] introducing relevant研taxation policies @ [B] paying due attention to social factors 考 7 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 [C] reevaluating major health outcomes 研 @ [D] enhancing the quality of healthcare 考 30.It can be inferred that local leaders should ________. 创 [A] exercise th研eir power more reasonably 聚 [B] develop a stronger sense of responsibility 考 研 [C] play a bigger role in then health system @ 创 [D] understand people's health needs better 考 聚 Text 3 创 研 @ Heat action plans, or HAPs, have been proliferating in India in the 聚 past few years. In general, a HAP spe考lls out when and how officials should @ issue heat warnings and alert hospitals and other institutions. Nagpur's plan, 创 研 for instance, calls for hospitals to set aside "cold wards" in the summer for 聚 考 treating heatstroke patients, and advises builders to give construction 研 @ 创 laborers a break from work on very hot days. 考 But implementation of existing HAPs has been uneven, according to a 聚 report from the Centre for Policy Research. Many lack a创dequate funding, it 研 @ found. And their triggering thresholds often are not customized to the local 聚 考 climate. In some areas, high daytime temperatures alone might serve as an @ 创 adequate trigger for alerts. But in other places, nighttime temperatures or 聚 humidity might be as important a gauge of risk as daytime highs. Mumbai's April heatstr研oke deaths highlighted the need for more @ nuanced and localized warnings, researchers say. That day's high 考 8 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 temperature of roughly 36℃ was 1℃ shy of the heat wave alert threshold 研 @ for coastal cities set by national meteorological authorities. But the effects 考 of the heat were amplified by humidity—an often neglected factor in heat 创 alert systems -and t研he lack of shade at the late-morning outdoor ceremony. 聚 To help improve HAPs, urban planner Rajashree Kotharkar's team is 考 研 working on a model plan that outlines best practices and cou@ld be adapted 创 to local conditions. Among other things, she says, all cities should create a 考 聚 vulnerability map to help focus responses on the populations most at risk. 创 研 @ Such mapping doesn't need to be complex, Kotharkar says. "A useful 聚 map can be created by looking at eve考n a few key parameters." For example, @ neighborhoods with a large elderly population or informal dwellings might 创 研 be poorer with heat could get special warnings or be bolstered with cooling 聚 考 centers. The Nagpur project has already created a risk and vulnerability 研 @ 创 map, which enabled Kotharkar to tell officials which neighborhoods to 考 focus on in the event of a heat wave this summer. 聚 HAPs shouldn't just include short-term eme创rgency responses, 研 @ researchers say, but also recommend medium-to long-term measures that 聚 考 could make communities cooler. In Nagpur, for example, Kotharkar's team @ 创 has been able to advise city officials about where to plant trees to provide 聚 shade. HAPs could also guide efforts to retrofit homes or modify building regulations. "Reducing death研s in an emergency is good target to have, but @ it's the lowest target," says climate researcher Chandri Singh. 考 9 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 研 @ 31.According to Paragraph 1, Nagpur's plan proposes measures to 考 ________. 创 [A] tackle extr研eme weather 聚 [B] ensure construction quality 考 研 [C] monitor emergency warnings @ 创 [D] address excessive workloads 考 聚 32.One problem with existing HAPs is that they________. 创 研 @ [A] prove too costly to be implemented 聚 [B] lack localized alert-issuing c考riteria @ [C] give delayed responses to heat waves 创 研 [D] keep hospitals under great pressure 聚 考 33.Mumbai's case shows that India's heat alert systems need to________. 研 @ 创 [A] include other factors besides temperature 考 [B] take subtle weather changes into account 聚 [C] prioritize potentially disastrous heat waves 创 研 @ [D] draw further support from local authorities 聚 考 34.Kotharkar holds that a vulnerability map can help________. @ 创 [A] prevent the harm of high humidity 聚 [B] target areas needing special attention [C] expand the Nagpur p研roject's coverage @ [D] make relief plans for heat-stricken people 考 10 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 35.According to the last paragraph, researchers believe that HAPs should 研 @ ________. 考 [A] focus more on heatstroke treatment 创 [B] apply for m研ore government grants 聚 [C] invite wider public participation 考 研 [D] serve a broader range of purposes @ 创 Text 4 考 聚 Navigating beyond the organised pavements and parts of our urban 创 研 @ spaces, desire paths are the unofficial footprints of a community, revealing 聚 考 the unspoken preferences, shared shortcuts and collective choices of @ humans. Often appearing as 创trodden dirt tracks through otherwise neat 研 green spaces, these routes of collective disobedience cut corners, bisect 聚 考 lawns and cross hills, representing the natural capability of people cand, 研 @ 创 animals, to go from pointAto point B most effectively. 考 聚 Urban planners interpret desire paths as more than just convenient 创 shor研tcuts; they offer valuable insights into the dynamics between planning @ 聚 and behaviour. 考 Navigating beyond the organised pavem@ents and parks of our urban 创 spaces, desire paths are the unofficial footprints of a community, revealing 聚 the unspoken preferences, shared shortcuts and collective choices of 研 @ humans. Often appearing as trodden dirt tracks through otherwise neat green spaces, these ro考utes of collective disobedience cut corners, bisect 11 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 lawns and cross hills, representing the natural capability of people (and 研 @ animals) to go from pointAto point B most effectively. 考 Urban planners interpret desire paths as more than just convenient 创 研 shortcuts; they offer valuable insights into the dynamics between planning 聚 and behavio考ur. Ohio State University allowed its students to navigate the 研 @ Oval, a lawn in the centre of campus, freely, then proceeded to pave the 创 desire paths, creating a web of effective routes students had established. 考 聚 Yet, reluctance persists among other planners to integrate desire paths 创 研 @ into formal plans, citing concerns about safety, environmental impact, or 聚 考 primarily, aesthetics. A Reddit webpage devoted to the phenomenon, @ 创 boasting nearly 50,000 members, showcases images of local desire paths 研 adorned with signs instructing pedestrians to adhere to designated 聚 考 walkways, underscoring the rebellious nature inherent in these 研 @ 创 human-made tracks. This clash highlights an ongoing struggle between the 考 聚 organic, user-driven evolution of public spaces and the desire for a visually 创 cura研ted and controlled urban environment. @ 聚 The Wickquasgeck Trail is an example of a historical desire path, 考 created by Native Americans to cross the for@ests of Manhattan and move 创 between settlements quickly. This trail, when Dutch colonists arrived, was 聚 widened and made into one of the main trade roads across the island, 研 @ known at the time as de Heere Straat, or Gentlemen’s Street. Following the British assumption o考f control in New York, the street was renamed 12 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 Broadway. Notably, Broadway stands out as one of the few areas in NYC 研 @ that defies the grid-based system applied to the rest of the city, cutting a 考 diagonal across parts of the city. 创 研 In online spaces, desire paths have sparked a fascination that can 聚 approach ob考session, with the Reddit page serving as a hub. Contributors 研 @ offer a wide array of stories, from little-known new shortcuts to 创 long-established alternate routes. 考 聚 Animal desire paths, such as ducks forging trails through frozen ponds 创 研 @ or dogs carving direct routes in gardens, highlight the adaptability of these 聚 考 trails in both human and animal experiences. As desire paths criss-cross @ 创 through both physical and virtual landscapes, they stand as a proof of the 研 collective insistence on forging unconventional routes and embracing the 聚 考 spirit of communal choice. 研 @ 创 考 聚 36. According to Paragraph 1, desire paths are a result of ________. 创 研 @ [A] the curiosity to explore surrounding hills 聚 考[B] the necessity to preserve green spaces @ 创 [C] the tendency to pursue convenience [D] the wish to find comfort in solitude 聚 37. It can be inferred that Ohio State University ________. 研 @ [A] intends to improve its desire paths 考 13 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 [B] leads in the research on desire paths 研 @ [C] guides the creation of its desire paths 考 [D] takes a positive view of desire paths 创 研 38. The images on the Reddit webpage reflect ________. 聚 考 [A] conflicting opinions on the use of desire paths 研 @ 创 [B] the call to upgrade the designing of public spaces 考 聚 [C] the demand for proper planning of desire paths 创 研 @[D] growing concerns over the loss of public spaces 聚 39. The example of the Wickguasgeck考Trail illustrates ________. @ [A] the growth of New Yo创rk City 研 [B] the Dutch origin of desire paths 聚 考 [C] the importance of urban planning 研 @ 创 [D] the recognition of desire paths 考 聚 40. It can be learned from the last paragraph that desire paths ________. 创 研 @ [A] reveal humans’deep respect for nature 聚 考 [B] are crucial to humans’mental wellbeing @ 创 [C] are a human imitation of animal behaviour 聚 [D] show a shared trait in humans and animals @ Part B 研 Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by 考 14 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered 研 @ paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do need 考 to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) 创 研 聚 [A] Stay positive 考 研 [B] Respect the past @ 创 [C] Use channels 考 聚 [D] Give it time 创 研 @ [E] Invite resistance 聚 [F] Be a salesman 考 @ [G] Be humble 创 研 Five Steps to Suggesting a Change at Work That'llActually Get Taken 聚 考 Seriously 研 @ 创 Everyone wants to be that person—the one who looks at the same 考 聚 information as everyone else, but who sees a fresh, innovative solution. 创 研 @ However, it takes more than simply having a good idea. How you share it 聚 考is as important as the suggestion itself. Why? Because writing a new script-literally or figuratively-means that othe@r team members will have to 创 adapt to something new. So whether you're suggesting a (seemingly)benign 聚 change like streamlining outdated protocol, or a bigger change like adding 研 @ an hour to each workday so people can leave early on Fridays, you're 考 asking others to reimagine their workflow or schedule. Not to mention, if 15 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 the process your scrapping is one someone else suggested, there's the 研 @ possibility of hurt feelings. To gain buy-in on an innovative, new idea, 考 follow these steps: 创 研 41 ________. 聚 考 Great ideas don’t stand alone. In other words, you can’t mention your 研 @ sugges创tion once and expect it to be adopted. To see a change, you’ll need 考 to champion your plan and sell its merits. In addition, you need to be 聚 创 willing to stand up to scrutiny and criticism and be prepared to explain 研 @ your innovation in different ways for various audiences. 聚 考 42 ________. @ 创 Sometimes it makes sense to go to your boss first. But other times, it’s 研 useful to build a coalitio聚n among your co-workers or other stakeholders. 考 When it works, it works great—because you’re ready for your st研ubborn @ 创 supervisor’s pushback with answers like, “Actually, I connected with a 考 聚 few people in our tech department to discuss how much time these kinds of 创 研 @ website updates would take, and they suggested they have the bandwidth. 聚 考However, just be certain you can explain your end-around approach as one that built your case, rather than simply @circumvented your manager. 创 The last thing you want is for your boss to feel embarrassed he wasn’t 聚 informed—which could lead him to quash the idea before it even takes off. 研 @ 43 ________. 考 16 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 One of the biggest barriers to gaining buy-in occurs when the owner 研 @ of an idea is viewed as argumentative, defensive, or close-minded. Because, 考 let’s be honest: No one likes a know-it-all. So, if people disagree with you, 创 don’t be indignant.研Instead, listen to their concerns fully, try to understand 聚 their perspective, and include their concerns (and possible remedies) in 考 研 future discussions. @ 创 考 So, instead of saying, “Martha, our current slogan is confusing and 聚 创 should be updated,” you could try, “Martha raises a great point that our 研 @ current slogan has a long history for our stakeholders, but I wonder if we 聚 考 might able to brainstorm a tagline that could build on that—and be clearer @ 创 for new customers.” 研 44 ________. 聚 考 New ideas are the grandchildren of old ones. In other words研, don’t @ 创 throw old solutions under the bus to make your improvement stand out. 考 聚 Remember that in light of whatever the problem the old system solved—or, 创 研 @ maybe, has failed to solve in recent memory—it was a great idea at the 聚 考time. Appreciating the older contributions as you suggest future innovations helps bolster the credibility of you@r idea. 创 45 ________. 聚 When pitching a new idea, it’s important use the language of 研 @ abundance instead of the language of deficit. Instead of saying what is 考 wrong, broken, or suboptimal, talk about what is right, fixable, or ideal. 17 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 For example, try, “I can see lots of applications for this new approach” 研 @ rather than, “This innovation is the only way.” Be optimistic but realistic, 考 and you will stand out. 创 研 聚 Section III Translation 考 研 46. Directions: Translate the following text into Chines@e. Write your 创 translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) 考 聚 You know the moment - the conversation. Slows, then there's a pause. 创 研 @ It's awkward, and so awkward that some people will panic and say 聚 anything. Do we all find such silences考so stressful? @ Researchers analysed the frequency and impact of gaps greater than 2 创 研 seconds daring conversations, including an overview of previous studies 聚 考 which indicate that the fear of awkward silences can be so extreme that 研 @ 创 people avoid taking to strangers, even though doing so is likely to be an 考 enjoyable experience. 聚 During conversations with short gaps, people feel创more connected to 研 @ their conversation partners. But such feeing of connection markedly dip 聚 考 when entering a long gap. Long gaps between strangers are likely to be @ 创 followed by a change in topic. 聚 But the opposite seems to be true for conversations between friends. Long gaps there saw increas研ed connection. Between friends, longer gaps @ seem to provide natural moments for reflection and expression. 考 18 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 Section IV Writing 研 @ PartA 考 47. Directions： 创 研 Suppose you are planning a short play based on a classic Chinese novel. 聚 Write you考r friend John an e-mail to. 研 @ 1) introduce the play and 创 考 2) invite him take part in it 聚 You should write about 100 words on theANSWER SHEET. 创 研 @ Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead.(10 points) 聚 考 @ Part B 创 研 48. Directions: 聚 考 Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you 研 @ 创 should 考 聚 1) interpret the chart, and 创 2) give your comments. 研 @ You should write about 150 words on theA聚NSWER SHEET. (15 考 points) @ 创 聚 研 @ 考 19 创 聚 @研 考 创 聚 研 @ 考 创 研 聚 考 研 @ 创 考 聚 创 研 @ 聚 考 @ 创 研 聚 考 研 @ 创 考 聚 创 研 @ 聚 考 @ 创 聚 研 @ 考 20 创 聚 @