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专题 01 派生词
一 、 构词法之必刷词
No. 1 词性转换
1．drama n.戏剧,戏剧艺术→ adj.戏剧的;引人注目的;给人印象深刻的→ adv.显著地;戏剧
性地
2．subsequent adj.随后的;后来的→ n.随后发生的事,后果→ adv.后来,随后
3．multiply v.(使)大大增加,(使)倍增→ n.乘法;增加
4．explode v.突然增加→ n.爆炸;猛增
5．ecology n.生态→ adj.生态的;生态学的
6．compare v.比较;对比;比作→ n.比较
7．apparent adj.显而易见的;明白的;清楚的→ adv.据说;看来,似乎
8．vary v.(形状等)不同;改变→various adj.各种各样的→ 多样性;种类→variation n.差异;变化
9．secure adj.稳固的,安全的→ n.安全
10．greet v.打招呼→ n.问候,招呼
No. 2词性转换
11．crime n.罪；罪行→ adj.犯罪的；犯法的 n.罪犯
12．greed n.贪婪；渴望→ adj.贪婪的；贪心的→ adv.贪婪地
13．commit v.犯(错误或罪行)→ n.许诺；承诺；投入；奉献→ n.委托；佣金；服务费
→committee n.委员会
14．appreciate v.欣赏；赏识→ n.欣赏；感激→ adj.感激的；赏识的；有欣赏力的
15．optimism n.乐观；乐观主义→ adj.乐观的；乐观主义的→ adv.乐观地
16．consume v.消费；消耗→ n.消费者→ n.(精力、油、电等的)消耗量
17．react v.(作出)反应→ n.反应→ adj.有反应的
18．expose v.使暴露(于险境)→ adj.暴露的；无遮蔽的；无保护的→ n.暴露；显露
19．dust n.尘土；沙尘→ adj.布满灰尘的
20．urban adj.城镇的；城市的→ adj.郊区的；城郊的→suburb n.郊区
21．terrify vt.使害怕；使恐慌→ adj.非常恐慌的；极度恐慌的→terrifying adj.极其可怕的；骇人听
闻的
22．restrict .vt.限制 .n 限制No. 3词性转换
23．lead v.带领，通往→ adj.主要的→ n.领袖→ n.领导；领导地位
24．journal n.杂志；学报→ n.新闻业；新闻学；新闻工作→ n.新闻工作者，新闻
记者
25．society n.社会→ adj.社会的→ n.社会主义→ n.社会主义者 adj.社
会主义的
26．convince v.使信服→ adj.有说服力的，使人信服的→ adj.确信的；深信的
27．urge v.力劝，催促 n.强烈的欲望→ adj.紧急的；急迫的→ adv.紧急地；迫切地
→ n.紧急；催促；紧急的事
28．furnish v.为(房屋或房间)配备家具→ adj.配备了家具的→ n.家具
29．compete v.竞争→ n.竞争者，对手→ n.竞争，比赛→ adj.有竞争力
的，竞争的
30．expand v.(使)扩大；增加→ n.扩大；增加→ adj.易扩张的，膨胀性的
31．intend v.打算→intended adj.有意的，故意的→ n.意图，目的
32．educate vt.教育→ n.教育→ n.教育工作者（or结尾的名词）
No. 4词性转换
33． n.悲剧；惨剧 →tragic adj.悲惨的，不幸的 → tragically adv.悲惨地，不幸地
34．relieve v.给（某人）换班→relieved adj.感到宽慰的；感到安心的→ n.救济；减轻，解除
35．harmony n.融洽，一致→ v.使和谐，协调→ adj.和睦的，融洽的
36．influence vt.& n.影响→ adj.有影响力的
37．assist v.协助，帮助→ n.帮助；协助→ n.助手；助理 adj.辅助的，助理的
38．special adj.特殊的；特别的→ n.专家
39．infect v.感染→ n.感染，传染→ adj.传染性的→ vt.给……杀菌；为……消
毒
40．devote vt.献身于→ adj.献身的；热爱的→ n.奉献
41． n.自由→liberal adj.自由的，开明的→liberate v.解放→ n.释放，解放
42．collaborate v.合作，协作→ n.合作
43．assist.v.帮助 n .帮助，协助 n.助手
No. 5词性转换
44．promote v.促进，增进 → n.促进，增进；提升
45．clear adj.清楚的 v.清除（不需要的东西）；清理→ v.澄清，讲清楚，阐明→ n.澄清；净化；说明
46．consider vt.考虑；认为→ adj.替他人着想的→ adj.相当多的，相当大的→ n.
考虑→ prep.考虑到，鉴于
47．distract v.分散（注意力），使分心→ n.分心；分散注意力→ adj.分散注意力的
48．secure adj.安全的；可靠的→ n.安全
49．motivate v.激发，激励→ n.激励，动力
50．occupy v.占用，占去（时间）→ adj.使用中的；被占领的→ n.占领；工作
51．constant adj.持续不断的；经常的→ adv.持续不断地；经常地
52．access n.接触的机会→ adj.可接近的，可进入的
53．rely v.（为生活或生存而）依赖→ adj.可信赖的；可依靠的
54．equip vt. & vi.配备；装备→ n.设备；装备→ 过去式
No. 6词性转换
55．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→ n.延长；延伸；扩建部分→ adj. 广阔的，大量的，
广泛的→ adj. 延长了的，扩展了的
56．negotiate vt.商定； 达成(协议) vi. 谈判； 磋商； 协商→ n. 商定；谈判；协商→
adj. 可协商的，可讨论的
57．royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的→ n. 王室；王族；王权 → adv. 庄严地
58．withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回； 撤离→ n.撤走；撤回
59．profession n.职业；行业→ adj.职业的→ n.教授
60．politics n. 政治，政治观点→ adj. 政治的；党派的→ n. 政治家，政客
61．mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物→ v.混合；融合→ adj.混合的；混杂的
62．applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌vt.称赞；赞赏→ n.鼓掌；喝彩
63．murder n.谋杀；凶杀vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏→ n.凶手；谋杀犯
64．mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→ adj.仁慈的；怜悯的 → adj. 毫不怜悯的；无情的；残忍
的
65．possession n.个人财产；拥有；控制→ vt.拥有；具有；控制
二、 用单词的适当形式完成句子
66．Many stars, which are out of the solar system, are (visible) without a telescope.
67．He has only been playing football as a (profession) for two years. （所给词的适当形式填空）68．Rapidly nodding your head can leave the impression that you are (patient) and too eager to add
something to the conversation.
69．His illness caused him to lose his (memorize).
70．I shall never forget watching the sunrise over the sea-it was (forget)!
71．If one is late for a job interview, it is (likely) that he will get the job.
72．Most people here are (willing) to give up their cars. They don’t want to use buses instead.
73．He is a good teacher who never expresses the least (patience) with slow learners.
74．Like their children, parents are often （defend）about their private lives.
75．It is (legal) to employ someone under the age of sixteen.
76．Some comedians tell jokes about the way people (behavior).
77．My father bought me an （electricity） guitar as my birthday present .
78．He was (apparent) much surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the
professional one who ranked top ten. (所给词的适当形式填空)
79．Due to the widespread （apply） of this medical technology，more diseases can be discovered
and treated at an early stage.
80．While making friends, we’re supposed to focus on what we have in common and set aside we
disagree.
81．The classrooms are well-equipped, some (measure) 4 meters by 6 meters.
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Passage 1
（2023年河北衡水中学高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Discoveries made during the latest excavation of Pit No.1 at the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, China’s first
emperor, have allowed Chinese archaeologists to gain more insight into 82 the world-famous Terracotta
Warriors and their weapons were made.
According to a recent report archaeologists 83 (restore) more than 140 Terracotta Warriors. They
discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a
layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed 84 the arms were attached. 85
(additional), the pit has yielded a variety of weapons, including long-range attack weapons, shields for defense, as
well as drums and drumsticks used for commanding soldiers.
“The Terracotta Warriors used a very special mechanism to connect pieces together. Such 86 (wise)was unique to China,” Lv Qiuxia, 87 expert on ancient Chinese art, told the Global Times on
Wednesday. Lv added that the way the warriors were made differed based on their social status and class. “When
88 (analyze) how they were made, we noticed that the warriors were divided into different classes. This
contributes to research 89 the burial culture of the Terracotta Warriors.” the expert noted.
Through excavations, Chinese researchers have established the types and arrangement of weapons 90
(use) by the Terracotta Warriors as well as the formations and patterns of the 91 (mystery) underground
army.
Passage 2
（2023年河南省实验中学高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。
The Goddess of the Luo River comes alive in a video, which was shared by Henan TV Station on social media
platform Sina Weibo. The ancient tale of romance is given 92 new setting and still provides attractive
viewing for a modern audience. The tale is presented in 93 seems like slow motion. Not 94
(surprise), it became popular and has been viewed more than 20 million times.
The story of the Goddess of the Luo River has been the 95 (inspire) for countless contemporary
artists, who have described the goddess of unmatched beauty through 96 (variety) art forms, like movies
and dance dramas.
But the reason why the video, 97 runs for around two minutes and is titled Rhapsody on the Luo
River Goddess, created such an impression and has generated such a wave of publicity, is that it 98
(shoot) underwater. He Haohao plays the role of goddess. She masters not only her art but the technique of holding
her breath as her lungs struggle to carry out 99 (they) function. All this is done 100 the most
peaceful facial expression.
It's not the first time that Henan TV Station has gained attention with its appealing videos 101
(highlight) traditional Chinese culture. On Feb 13th, a dance piece, titled A Tang Dynasty Banquet, which is less
than six minutes long, was staged during a gala aired on Henan TV Station to mark Spring Festival.
