2022临沂英语试卷+答案+解析(word整理版)_山东历年中考真题_山东省历年中考真题2013~2024_初中英语历年真题（2013-2024）

2022年山东临沂初中学业水平考试 二、完形填空(共8小题,计8分) 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空,使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供21— 24小题选用,第二个方框供25—28小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次,每框有一项剩余。 Cloze 1(2022山东临沂) A.had to B.unless C.got lost D.borrow E.if A long time ago, there was a kind businessman named Antonio in Venice. One day, his friend Bassanio wanted to ask a lady named Portia to marry him. But he didn􀆳t have any money to buy clothes and travel to her city. The man then tried to 1 some money from his friend Antonio. However, Antonio had spent all of his money on some ships at sea. So he decided to borrow money from Shylock, a money⁃lender. “I can lend you money,” said Shylock. “But 2 you don􀆳t return it on time, you must give me a pound of your own flesh(肉).” Antonio agreed. Bassanio asked Portia to marry him successfully, but Antonio􀆳s ships 3 at sea. This meant that he had no way to return the money to Shylock. He 4 face Shylock in court(法庭). A.without B.cut off C.herself D.with E.punished Bassanio wanted to help his friend, but he didn􀆳t know what to do. Then Portia dressed 5 up as a male lawyer(律师) and followed Bassanio to the court. She checked the contract(合同) between Shylock and Antonio. Then, she told the court that Shylock could 6 one pound of Antonio􀆳s flesh. But he had to do it 7 making Antonio lose blood. This, of course, was impossible. The court 8 Shylock for trying to kill Antonio. The court took half of his money and gave the other half to Antonio. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 三、阅读理解(共12小题,计24分) A Passage 1(2022山东临沂,A) Words in the Snow In the time of the Yellow Emperor, there were no written words. People recorded things by tying konts(打结) in ropes and carving(雕刻) shapes on stone walls. One day, the Yellow Emperor discussed an event with a wise man named Cang Jie. Cang took out a piece of knotted rope, but found it was rotten(腐烂的). It was impossible for him to remember the event clearly. Then he turned to a stone wall, but could hardly read the shapes on it. They had been carved by another person except himself. “The ropes will be rotten. And the shapes can only be read by a few people,” the emperor said to Cang. “Can you come up with something better?” Cang thought over the matter for days and nights. On the morning after a heavy snowfall, the earth was completely white. He saw the footmarks of some different animals by accident. These footmarks helped him to recognize what animals had passed by. Cang suddenly had an idea. He picked a stick and drew on the snow⁃covered ground. He first drew a tiger and a bear to show that they had passed by. But soon, he found this was taking too much time. He realized that he had to make the drawings easier. All the shapes on the stone walls flashed through his mind. Cang kept making all kinds of shapes on the ground easier. To show the sun, for example, he used a circle with a dot(小点) in the middle. A half⁃circle and a vertical line(竖线) made up the moon. And three curves(曲线) were used to show water. Later, the sun appeared. These simple marks shone brightly in the snow. In the end, Cang created a whole set of symbols to record things. People could easily understand these symbols. Since then, they have been able to record their own history. 根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。 1.Cang Jie couldn􀆳t remember the event clearly because he couldn􀆳t . A.record things by tying knots in ropes B.carve shapes on the stone walls C.read the rotten rope or the shapes about it 2.The underlined word “recognize” in Paragraph 4 probably means “ ”. A.know B.praise C.accept 3.In Paragraph 5, the writer explains Cang􀆳s simple marks by . A.giving some advice B.giving several examplesC.asking a few questions 4.The passage mainly tells us . A.what reminded Cang Jie to use shapes or marks to show different things B.why Cang Jie was asked to come up with better ways to record things C.how Cang Jie created a whole set of symbols to record things B Passage 1(2022山东临沂,B) Migratory birds(候鸟) fly to different places during different seasons. They may fly day and night for months at a time. During this long journey, when and how do they sleep? In 2016, some scientists studied a group of frigate birds(军舰鸟) during a ten⁃day flying journey. They found that frigate birds can sleep while they􀆳re flying! According to this study, these birds take two kinds of short sleep. The first is called Rapid Eye Movement(REM,快速动眼) sleep. It is the deepest period of sleep. In us humans, REM sleep can continue for many minutes. For flying birds, however, REM sleep continues for only a few seconds(秒). Even so, this period of sleep is still very important for their brain health. The other kind of short sleep is “half sleep”. Frigate birds put only half of their brain to sleep, while the other half stays awake. The eyes of these birds are always connected to the waking part of their brain. In other words, they sleep with their eyes open. It is still a little dangerous to take such a short sleep, though. So, these birds prefer to stay awake most of the time. Before reaching land, they spend less than three percent of their time sleeping. However, not all migratory birds sleep in this way. Many will make several stops on their way to get a good rest. Some stay completely awake for their whole journey. Alpine Swifts(高山雨燕), for example, can keep flying for nearly 200 days. There are few signs of these birds sleeping during their long trips. The sleeping habits of birds are different from species(物种) to species. This makes the study of migratory birds very exciting for scientists. In the future, we may learn more amazing things about these animals! 根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。 1.What do we know about frigate birds? A.Their REM sleep continues for many minutes. B.They don􀆳t sleep during their long trips. C.They can sleep with their eyes open. 2.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(P=Paragraph) A B C 3.After the study of migratory birds, the scientists have found . A.the sleeping habits of birds are different from species to species B.why migratory birds fly to different places during different seasons C.all migratory birds spend a little time sleeping during a long journey 4.What􀆳s the best title for the passage? A .Alpine Swifts zoo⁃day Trip B.Frigate Birds􀆳 Flying Journey C.Sleeping in the Sky C Passage 1(2022山东临沂,C) The Bird Mask Today, doctors know a lot about how to stop germs(病菌) from spreading. They suggest people cover their mouths when they cough. Washing your hands often also helps.However, people haven􀆳t always known about germs. For many years, even doctors didn􀆳t really understand how illnesses spread. 1 Some doctors even tried dressing like birds. In 1619, the French doctor, Charles de Lorme, invented a special uniform. He hoped it could protect doctors who were treating plague(瘟疫) patients. The uniform had a long coat, gloves, boots(靴子) and a hat. The doctors also carried sticks so they wouldn􀆳t have to touch the patients. The most special part of the uniform was the mask(面具). 2 It had a beak(鸟嘴) that was about 15 cm long. There were also two eyeholes covered in glass and two nostril(鼻孔) holes. At that time, doctors believed the plague was spread by bad air. Any air that had a bad smell was dangerous. 3 They believed this could stop them from breathing the bad air and they wouldn􀆳t get sick because of the plague. Did it work? Well, not really. Certainly the germs sometimes traveled through the air, and the flowers weren􀆳t able to stop them. 4 Some forms of plague only spread through certain animals such as mice. The doctors􀆳 uniform helped to protect them from this danger. However, largely the coat, gloves, boots and hat did the job, not the bird mask. 根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A.The bird mask helped to protect the doctors from this danger. B.Many doctors still got sick by breathing through the nostril holes in their masks. C.The mask made the doctors look like birds. D.So the doctors put flowers in the beak of their masks. E.They did many things to avoid getting sick. 1. 2. 3. 4. 四、词形转换(共8小题,计8分) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,每空限填一词。 1.My garden is very nice. (grandmother) 2.The headmaster will study the report before making a decision. (careful) 3.Two Chinese have been to space so far. They􀆳re Liu Yang and Wang Yaping.(woman) 4.When Dave goes back home from school, his dog always greets him at the door with . (excite) 5.It􀆳s said that in the future there will be longer summers and winters than before. (short) 6.Teenagers will feel and even get angry if someone reads their diaries. (comfortable) 7.Baby pandas only about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos when they􀆳re born. (weight) 8.It took around 120 hours to print this 3D house while it usually takes around one to two years to build a house in the way. (tradition) 五、动词应用(共7小题,计7分) Passage 1(2022山东临沂) 阅读下面短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 One Leaf, One World Maybe you know Chinese paper cutting, but have you ever heard of leaf⁃cutting art? In autumn and winter, many streets 1 (cover) in fallen leaves. Most of us probably just pass over them without paying much attention. But not Kanat Nurtazin, an artist from Kazakhstan(哈萨克斯坦). He will pick up some fallen leaves and cut beautiful artworks out of them. Kanat works at a university. He 2 (keep) drawing as a hobby to stay creative since 2013. This long⁃time hobby has also allowed him 3 (express) himself through art. In 2013, Kanat 4 (start) a project called “100 Methods of Drawing”. In this project, he tries to use different materials and skills to create artworks. Among all these creative paintings, leaf⁃cutting art 5 (be) one of his favorites. To make leaf art, Kanat first chooses a leaf from his collection. Then, he simply 6 (imagine) a funny story or a lively moment(时刻). He draws it on a piece of paper and sticks the paper to the leaf. After the glue dries, Kanat uses a razor(剃须刀) to cut out the pattern(图案) on the leaf. Finally, the artist finds a beautiful background to take pictures of the leaf. And this “leaf story” will be shared online.A leaf􀆳s life is short. But if you look at it with your creative eyes, like Kanat above, you too can give the leaf a second life by 7 (make) it tell an interesting story! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Passage 1(2022山东临沂) 本文是一篇报道,主要介绍了来自哈萨克斯坦的艺术家Kanat Nurtazin创造的剪树叶艺术,它赋予 了树叶新的生命。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“文学、艺术与体育”主题群,涉及到“中外影视、 戏剧、音乐、舞蹈、绘画、建筑等艺术形式中的文化价值和作品赏析,优秀的艺术家及其艺术成就”子主题 内容。 1.are covered 考查被动语态。根据语境可知,一到秋冬季节,街道上都被落叶覆盖,故填cover的被动语态;本 句为一般现在时,主语为复数,be动词用are。 2.keeps 考查动词时态。根据上文的时态可知该句用一般现在时,主语是单三,所以填keeps。 3.to express 考查动词不定式。这里考查allow sb. to do sth.结构,故填to express。 4.started 考查动词的时态。根据In 2013可知动词要用一般过去时,故填started。 5.is 考查连系动词。根据上下文可知,他最喜欢的就是剪树叶艺术,主语leaf⁃cutting art是单数,时态要用一般 现在时,故填is。 6.imagines 考查时态。根据上下文可知,这里用一般现在时,主语是he, 为第三人称单数,故填imagines。 7.making 考查动名词。根据空前的介词by可知,这里需要填一个名词或者动名词,故填making。 六、阅读表达(共5小题,计10分) Passage 1(2022山东临沂) 阅读下面短文,完成短文后的问题。 Passage 1(2022山东临沂) 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rob Frenette,一个来自加拿大的男孩如何通过自己和朋友一 起来反对校园欺凌。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中的“做人与做事”主题群,涉及“生活与学习中的困 难、问题和解决方式”子主题内容。 1.Because he was often bullied. 根据第一段中的“Rob Frenette, a Canadian boy, was often bullied at school.”可知答案。 2.He walked into a newspaper office and told them about the bullying. 根据第一段中的“He walked into a newspaper office and told them about the bullying.”可知答案。 3.First he set up a wetsite with his friend. Second, make “Blue Day”, a special day that works to stop the problem of bullying in schools. 根据第三段中的“With his friend Katie Neu, he set up the website www.bullyingcanada.cn.”和最后一段可知答案。 4.I think he is a brave boy because when he was bullied,he walked into a newspaper office and told them about the bullying. 答案符合题意即可。 5.When we meet the difficulties in our life, we should learn to find out ways to solve them. 开放性试题, 答案符合题意即可。 七、补全对话(共4小题,计8分) Passage 1(2022山东临沂) 阅读下面对话,在每个空白处填入一个适当的句子,使对话完整,合乎情境。 Tina: Kate, you showed an old photo on WeChat yesterday. There are two kids and their parents in it. Is that your family photo? Kate: Yes, it is. Tina: 1 ? Kate:It was taken in 2018. Tina:Is that little baby in the photo your younger sister? Kate:Yes, she is a lovely girl. What about you? Do you have a brother or sister? Tina: 2 . I am the only child in my family. Kate: Really? How does it feel to be an only child? 3 ? Tina: No, I haven􀆳t. I􀆳ve never felt lonely. I have two cousins who live nearby. They􀆳re just like my brothers. Kate: My cousins live in Qingdao. We don􀆳t see each other often. Tina: What a pity! May I ask what your parents do? Kate: My father is an engineer and my mother is a doctor. What about your parents? Tina:My father is a computer programmer. He is good at computer. 4 . She teaches art at a local school. They􀆳re very busy, but they always make time for me. I think family is the most valuable thing in the world.Kate: I agree. 1. 2. 3. 4. Passage 1(2022山东临沂) 本文是一篇对话。对话中主要讨论了Kate和Tina的家庭成员及他们的状况。主题语境属于“人 与自我”范畴中的“生活与学习”主题群,涉及“家庭与家庭生活”子主题内容。 1.When was it taken 根据答语“It was taken in 2018.”可知是提问什么时候拍的照片。 2.No 根据“I am the only child in my family.”可知,我是家里唯一的孩子,故填No。 3.Have you felt lonely 根据“No, I haven􀆳t. I􀆳ve never felt lonely.”可知是询问“你感到孤独吗?”,时态用 现在完成时。 4.My mother is a teacher 根据“She teaches art at a local school.”可知,我的妈妈是一名教师。 八、书面表达(计15分) 假定你是李嘉,请阅读下面的邮件,用英语表示愿意帮忙并根据邮件内容回复。可以适当发挥。 要求:1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数; 2.语言通顺,条理清楚,书写规范; 3.文中不要出现任何真实人名、校名他其它相关信息,否则不予评分。 Writing 1(2022山东临沂) Dear Li Jia, How􀆳s it going? We􀆳re doing a project at school about how teenagers around the world relax. I􀆳d really like you to help me, if you can! So, can you tell me: —what is your favorite way to relax? —how long you􀆳ve done it? —how often you do it? —whether relaxing is important and why? Thanks very much, and write soon! Bert Dear Bert, Thanks for your e⁃mail. Best wishes! Li Jia 2022年山东临沂初中学业水平考试 Cloze 1(2022山东临沂) 本文是一篇记叙文,节选自《威尼斯商人》。文章主要讲述了商人Antonio为了帮助朋友Bassanio 向Portia求婚,而向贷款人Shylock借钱,如果Antonio没有按时还钱,就要从他自己身上取下一磅肉;最终在 Bassanio夫妇的帮助下,Antonio打赢了这次官司。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“文学、艺术与体 育”主题群,涉及“中外文学史上有代表性的作家和作品”子主题内容。 1.D 根据上文的“...Bassanio wanted to ask a lady named Portia to marry him. But he didn􀆳t have any money to buy clothes and travel to her city.”可知他没钱,只能向朋友Antonio 借钱。故选D。 2.E 根据语境可知,如果Antonio无法按时还钱,就要从他身上割下一磅肉来赔给Shylock。故选E。 3.C 根据下文的“This meant that he had no way to return the money to Shylock.”可知,Antonio的货船在海上失 事了,他无力偿还Shylock的钱了。故选C。 4.A 根据上文可知,Antonio无法按时还钱,不得不在法庭上面对Shylock。故选A。 5.C 根据语境可知,Bassanio的妻子Portia想帮助Antonio打这个官司,于是就乔装打扮成律师;dress oneself up是“打扮自己”的意思。故选C。 6.B 根据上文提到的Antonio与Shylock之间的合同约定可知,Antonio要割下一磅的肉来还债。故选B。7.A 根据上文提到的合同约定可知,Portia就是抓住了其中的“漏洞”,合同并没有规定如何取下一磅肉,以 及产生的后果,所以可以利用这一点做文章。故选A。 8.E 根据文章内容可知,最终法庭判罚Shylock蓄意谋杀Antonio,进而判罚没收他一半的财产,把另外一半给 Antonio。故选E。 Passage 1(2022山东临沂,A) 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了黄帝时期仓颉造字的传说。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴 中的“历史、社会与文化”主题群,涉及“对世界、国家、人民和社会进步有突出贡献的人物”子主题内容。 1.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Cang took out a piece of knotted rope, but found it was rotten... Then he turned to a stone wall, but could hardly read the shapes on it.They had been carved by another person except himself.”可知,C项正确。故选C。 2.A 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“He saw the footmarks of some different animals by accident.”可知,仓颉偶 然间在雪地上发现一些不同动物的脚印,进而判断出有哪些动物经过。know知道;praise表扬;accept接受。 故选A。 3.B 细节理解题。根据第五段可知,作者讲了仓颉如何用一些形状来表示太阳、月亮、水等,应该是举了几 个仓颉造字的例子。故选B。 4.C 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,仓颉因为打结的绳子腐烂而无法想起之前记录的事情,又因为无法识 别别人刻在墙上的图形而想到要造一套新的符号来记录事情,故选C。 Passage 1(2022山东临沂,B) 本文是一篇科普文章。文章主要介绍了候鸟在迁徙过程中的睡眠方式。主题语境属于“人与自 然”范畴中的“环境保护”主题群,涉及“常见的动物,动物的特征与生活环境”子主题内容。 1.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For flying birds, however, REM sleep continues for only a few seconds.” 可排除A项和B项;根据第四段中的“In other words, they sleep with their eyes open.”可知C项正确。故选C。 2.B 篇章结构题。第一段总写候鸟在迁徙过程中有自己的睡眠方式;第二段以军舰鸟为例进行说明;第五段 则以高山雨燕为例进行说明;第六段是总结段。故选B。 3.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The sleeping habits of birds are different from species to species.”以及上 文举的两种候鸟迁徙中的睡眠方式可知物种之间的睡眠习惯各不相同。故选A。 4.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可以推测出文章是为研究候鸟迁徙过程中的睡眠问题,故选C。 Passage 1(2022山东临沂,C) 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医生为了避免细菌感染而做的努力,设计了特殊的服装。主 题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“科学与技术”主题群,涉及“科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新”子主题 内容。 1.E 根据第二段中的“For many years, even doctors didn􀆳t really understand how illnesses spread. 1 Some doctors even tried dressing like birds.”可以推测出医生想了各种办法来阻止病毒的传播和蔓延。故选E。 2.C 根据第四段中的“It had a beak that was about 15 cm long.”可以推测出这件防护服很像一只鸟的模样。故 选C。 3.D 根据第六段中的“Certainly the germs sometimes traveled through the air, and the flowers weren􀆳t able to stop them.”可推知,当时医生觉得病毒是通过空气传播的,于是就在鸟嘴面具那里放了些花来阻止病毒的传播 故选D。 4.B 根据前文的“and the flowers weren􀆳t able to stop them”可知,花也不起作用,很多医生因此生病了。故选 B。 1.grandmother􀆳s 考查名词所有格。句意:我奶奶的花园很漂亮。由句意可知填grandmother􀆳s。 2.carefully 考查副词。根据“before making a decision”可知,做决定前要仔细研究报告,用副词修饰动词,故 填carefully。 3.women 考查名词复数。根据“two Chinese”可知是两个中国女人,故填women。 4.excitement 考查名词。根据“with”及句子结构可知后面必须跟名词,故填excite的名词形式。 5.shorter 考查形容词比较级。在“be longer summers and winters than before”中and连接并列成分, 所以这里填short的比较级shorter。 6.uncomfortable 考查形容词。根据“even get angry if someone reads their diaries”可知,如果有人偷看了青少年 们的日记,他们会很不愉快甚至生气,故填uncomfortable。 7.weigh 考查动词。根据句子结构可以判断出这里缺少谓语动词,故要把名词weight转换成动词weigh;主语 Baby pandas为复数,故填weigh。 8.traditional 考查形容词。根据语境可知,现在只需要120小时就可以打印出3D房子,但按照之前传统的方 式,至少需要一到两年的时间才行。空后为名词way, 需要形容词修饰,故填traditional。Rob Frenette, a Canadian boy, was often bullied(欺凌) at school. He was often lonely and scared. When he was fifteen, however,he decided to do something about his problem. He walked into a newspaper office and told them about the bullying. His story went into the newspaper and soon, all the TV stations in Canada wanted to talk to him about his experiences. They also wanted to hear his ideas about how to stop bullying. In his free time after school, Rob helps other people with bullying problems. With his friend Katie Neu, he set up the website www.bullyingcanada.cn. On the website, visitors can find advice, stories and poems about bullying, in both English and French. When people are upset, they can talk on the phone or online to Rob and his team. Every weekend, Rob answers e⁃mails from people who have been bullied at school. He also speaks to children and teachers around Canada about bullying. Rob􀆳s most important message is:“When you􀆳re bullied, there􀆳s nothing wrong with you. So, keep trusting yourself. And remember that there are people who care about your problems. You just have to find those people.” One of Rob􀆳s ideas is “Blue Day”, a special day that works to stop the problem of bullying in schools. On that day, students have to wear blue clothes, and in class, they learn how to stop bullying from happening. More than 150 Canadian schools now celebrate Blue Day. Rob says he won􀆳t stop until there is Blue Day in every school in Canada. 1.Why did Rob Frenette often feel lonely and scared? 2.How did Rob solve his problems at the age of fifteen? 3.List two ways Rob helps other people with bullying problems. 4.What do you think of Rob Frenette? And why? 5.What can you learn from the story? Writing 1(2022山东临沂) 例文: Dear Bert , Thanks for your e⁃mail . I heard that you are doing a project at school about how teenagers around the world relax. It􀆳s very meaningful. I often feel stressed in my study and life. So I always listen to some music when I feel uncomfortable. I think the music can make me relaxed. Everyone has his disappointment. It􀆳s bad for our health. In order to keep healthy, we􀆳d better relax ourselves in time. Do you think so? I hope your project will be successful. Good luck with you! Best wishes ! Li Jia 写作指导: 1.题干解读:该题目属于应用文写作。在写作时应紧接开头继续写作,根据题目要求针对如何放松这个话题给 出建议,并且阐述这个建议的原因和作用。 2.写作指导:本文时态以一般现在时为主,人称以第一人称和第二人称为主,对如何放松提出的建议可以根据平 时所学的内容,选择运动或者听音乐、看电影来写。一定要注意说明采取某个建议的原因和好处, 同时还要 注意邮件的格式。