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济南市莱芜地区 2019 年初中学业水平考试
英语试题
二、单项选择：
1.--Have you ever seen___ new movie, The Wandering Earth（流浪地球）?
--Yes, and Wu Jing is my favorite actor.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你看过《流浪地球》这部新电影吗？ ——是的，看过。吴京是我最喜欢的演员。
考查冠词用法。a，一个，不定冠词，用在辅音音素开头的名词前；an，一个，不定冠词，用在元音音素
开头的名词前；the，这个，定冠词，表示特指；/，零冠词。结合语境：你看过这部新电影吗？后面有电
影的名字，因此用定冠词表示特指，所以排除A/B；故选C。
2.--I'm always afraid to ask questions because of my poor____.
--You'd better practice speaking English more.
A. introduction B. information C. pronunciation D. instruction
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——因为我发音不好，我总是不敢问问题。 ——你最好多练习说英语。
A. introduction意为“介绍”；B. information意为“信息”；C. pronunciation意为“发音”；D. instruction意为“指
示，命令”。根据You'd better practice speaking English more. 你最好多练习说英语。可知，我总是不敢问问
题，是因为发音不好。故选C。
3.一What do you think of Tom?
一He is a(n) _____ boy who is always telling the truth.
A. humorous B. honest C. brave D. creative
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你觉得汤姆怎么样？ ——他是个诚实的男孩，总是讲真话。
A. humorous意为“幽默的”；B. honest意为“诚实的”；C. brave 意为“勇敢地”；D. creative意为“创新的”。根
据who is always telling the truth. 总是讲真话。可以推出汤姆是个诚实的男孩。故选B。
4.They are going to have their wedding _______ the morning of October 1st.
A. on B. in C. of D. at【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：他们将在10月1日上午举行婚礼。
A. on专指某一天的早、午、晚。B. in用于一天当中的某个时间。C. of表示“因为、由于”。D. at指时间
表示：时间的一点、时刻等。由句中的“the morning of October 1st”可知，这是具体时间“十月一号早晨”，
因此用介词on。故选A。
5.一I think Mrs. Lin is the most excellent teacher in our school.
一_________, she teaches us well and cares about us a lot.
A. Simply B. Mainly C. Exactly D. Mostly
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我认为林老师是我们学校最优秀的老师。 ——没错，她教我们很好，也很关心我们。
A. Simply意为“简单地”；B. Mainly意为“主要地”；C. Exactly意为“准确来说，准确地”；D. Mostly意为“大
多数地”。根据I think Mrs. Lin is the most excellent teacher in our school.
_________, she teaches us well and cares about us a lot. ——我认为林老师是我们学校最优秀的老师。 ——
_______，她教我们很好，也很关心我们。可知，应该选择Exactly意为“准确来说，没错”；符合语境，故
选C。
6.—Happy birthday, Mr. Wang! Here are some presents from ________ of us.
—Thank you so much, boys and girls!
A. both B. neither C. either D. all
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——王老师，生日快乐！这是我们所有人的礼物。 ——非常感谢，孩子们！
A. both两者都；B. neither两者都不；C. either两者中任何一个；D. all所有；全部。
题干为肯定句，由“boys and girls”可知有三人以上的人送礼物，用all。故选D。
7.Daily homework is necessary, __________ too much homework may bring harm to students.
A. so B. but C. for D. or
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：每天做作业是必要的，但作业太多会对学生造成伤害。
A. so因此；B. but但是；C. for为了；D. or或者。根据Daily homework is necessary每天做作业是必要的，
可知，这是说作业的好处。与后面的句子__________ too much homework may bring harm to students. 这是说作业的坏处，前后事实相反，因此应该用转折连词but。故选B。
8.If you want to try some local food, don't _________ the food festival this weekend.
A. miss B. carry C. hold D. bring
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你想尝尝当地的美食，不要错过这个周末的美食节。
A. miss错过；B. carry携带；C. hold抓住；D. bring带来。根据If you want to try some local food, don't
_________ the food festival this weekend. 如果你想尝尝当地的美食，不要_______ 这个周末的美食节。可知，
应该选择miss错过；符合语境。故选A。
9.Pass me the dictionary, please. I want to __________ some new words.
A. look for B. look up C. look after D. look through
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：请把字典递给我。我想查一些新词。
A. look for寻找；B. look up查阅；C. look after照料；D. look through浏览。根据Pass me the dictionary,
please. I want to __________ some new words. 请把字典递给我。我想 _______ 一些新词。可知，用字典查单
词，用look up查阅；故选B。
10.—_______ do you communicate with your foreign friends?
—By writing e-mails.
A. How B. Why C. Where D. When
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你如何与你的外国朋友交流？——通过写电子邮件。
A. How怎样；B. Why为什么；C. Where哪里；D. When什么时候。根据答语By writing e-mails.意为“通过
写电子邮件”，是对交流方式的回答，因此应该用how提问。故选A。
11.一I just saw Peter in the library.
—It _______ be him. He is studying in the classroom.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. can't
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我刚在图书馆看见彼得。 ——不可能是他。他在教室里学习。
A. needn't意为“不需要”；B. mustn't意为“禁止”；C. shouldn't意为“不应该”；D. can't不可能。根据答语Heis studying in the classroom. 他在教室里学习。可知，前面应该是否定的推测，用can’t be不可能，故选D。
12.I' m sorry I can't finish the task on time because I____ only 10 minutes.
A. will give B. was given C. am given D. gave
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我很抱歉我不能按时完成任务因为我只被给十分钟时间完成。
A为一般将来时；B为一般过去时的被动句；C为一般现在时的被动句；D为一般过去时。原因状语从句
because I____ only 10 minutes.的主语I与动词give之间存在着被动关系，因此应该用被动句，排除A/D；
主句为一般现在时，因此原因状语从句应该用一般现在时的被动句。故选C。
13.It is 4:30 pm. Ben and Leon _______ their work, so they are playing chess now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. will finish
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：现在是下午4:30。本和利昂已经完成了他们的工作，所以他们现在正在下棋。
A为一般现在时；B为一般过去时；C为现在完成时；D为一般将来时。根据so they are playing chess now.
他们现在正在下棋。说明，本和利昂的工作已经完成了，因此句子Ben and Leon _______ their work,应该用
现在完成时（表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。）故选C。
14.--Could you tell me____ so well?
--Without the teacher's help, it was impossible for me to get the prize,
A. how did you do it B. when you did it
C. why did you do it D. how you did it
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：— —你能告诉我你怎么能做那么好吗？— —没有老师的帮助，我不可能拿到奖。
本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述句语序（主谓结构），所以排除A/C；根据Without the teacher's
help, it was impossible for me to get the prize. 没有老师的帮助，我不可能拿到奖。可知，上文应该问怎么能
做那么好的，因此应该用how来提问。选择D。
15.一Are you willing to live on Mars one day?
一__________. It sounds interesting, but it still worries me.
A. I'm not sure B. Sure, I will C. That's all right D. I hope so
【答案】A
【解析】【详解】句意：— —你愿意有一天生活在火星吗？——我不确定。听起来很有趣，但是仍然让我很担心。
A. I'm not sure我不确定；B. Sure, I will当然，我愿意；C. That's all right没关系；D. I hope so我希望如此。
根据前面一个人表达 意思是“你愿意有一天生活在火星吗？”和答语中的“听起来很有趣，但是仍然让我很
担心。”可知，设空处应该填“我不确定”。故选A。
三、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所句子的
最佳答案。
A
Time flies. My summer vacation ended in the blink of an eye, but one thing is still on my mind. From July 25
to 27, I worked as a volunteer at the Wolong China Giant Panda Garden in Sichuan. I experienced the life of being
a panda keeper.
My work included cleaning the pandas’ home, feeding the pandas and making food for them. The panda I took
care of was named Jingke. When I went to feed him, he would stretch(伸出) one of his forefeet out on a shelf that
hung on the fence and wait for his food. He would quickly grab the food as soon as I brought it to him. Can you
guess what would happened next? Jingke would lie down and begin to eat. I could hear him crunching(嘎吱作响地
咀嚼) on his food and see him twisting his body around like a dancer. It was really cute. This was one of the most
interesting things I saw when I worked there.
When I fed Jingke, I touched his fur(毛). Most people think that panda's fur would be soft. But actually,
panda's fur is very hard. I felt like I was touching needles.I looked at his teeth, too— they were sharp and big. No
wonder the panda keepers told us that pandas are not only cute, but also dangerous.
I am happy to be so close to the pandas. This experience lets me know that it is no easy to be a panda keeper.
16. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 1?
A. 瞬息万变 B. 眨眼之间 C. 成年累月 D. 一夜之间
17. As a panda keeper, what did the writer usually do except ________ ?
A. cleaning the pandas' home B. feeding the pandas
C. training the pandas D. making food for the pandas
18. What was Jingke like when he was eating?
A. A fighter. B. A baby.
C. A dancer. D. A snake.
19. According to this passage, we can know that panda's fur is ___________.
A. hard B. soft
C. comfortable D. smooth20. What is the best title of this passage?
A. A panda lover B. Keeping pandas
C The pandas in Wolong D. My experience as a panda keeper
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文介绍了作者当一名志愿者的经历。作者在暑假期间，从7月25日至27日，作者在四川卧龙中国大熊
猫园做志愿者。经历了养熊猫的生活。最后作者认为做熊猫饲养员并不容易。
【16题详解】
词意猜测题。句子Time flies. My summer vacation ended in the blink of an eye, but one thing is still on my mind.
的意思是：光阴似箭。我的暑假一眨眼就结束了，但有一件事还在我的脑海里。根据 Time flies.光阴似箭。
可以推断ended in the blink of an eye应该是“眨眼之间”的意思，说明暑假过的很快。照应了句子Time flies.
光阴似箭。故选B。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据My work included cleaning the pandas’ home, feeding the pandas and making food for them.
我的工作包括打扫大熊猫的家，喂养大熊猫，为它们做食物。可知，作者不训练大熊猫。故选C。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据 I could hear him crunching(嘎吱作响地咀嚼) on his food and see him twisting his body
around like a dancer. 我能听到他在食物上嘎吱作响，看到他像个舞者一样扭动身体。可知，京可吃饭的样
子像个舞蹈演员。故选C。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据But actually, panda's fur is very hard. 但实际上，熊猫 皮毛很硬。可知，熊猫的皮毛很硬。
故选A。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。题干的意思是：这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？本文主要介绍了：作者在暑假期间，从 7月25
日至27日，作者在四川卧龙中国大熊猫园做志愿者。经历了养熊猫的生活。
以及短文的最后一句话This experience lets me know that it is no easy to be a panda keeper. 这段经历让我知道
做熊猫饲养员并不容易。因此最好的题目应该是“我做熊猫饲养员的经历。”故选D。
【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以
是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的
分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下
文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 (2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 (3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并
列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but, or, however,
so, because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且
帮助我们猜测词义。第1小题的词义猜测题就是利用第1种解题方法。
B
Egypt is one of the oldest civilizations (文明) in the world. It has great culture and history. Let’s take a look at
some wonderful places in the country.
Arabian Desert
Do you think it might be fun to ride a camel in the desert? If so, you should go to the Arabian Desert. It is also
known as the Eastern Desert. It takes up nearly one-quarter of Egypt's land. Riding a camel is fun. Camels kneel
down to let you sit on them.
Luxor
If you want to see ancient palaces and buildings, Luxor is a great place to go. People there call it the "open-air
museum of ancient Egypt". Many people visit Luxor every year. Some famous places there include the Valley of
the Kings and the Valley of the Queens.
The Great Sphinx
The Great Sphinx is a statue of a lion with a man's head. It's very large. The Sphinx is about 240 feet long
(about 73 m) and 65 feet high (about 20m). Its eyes are two meters high! For hundreds of years, the Sphinx has
guarded(守卫) the Great Pyramid of Khufu.
21. What can we know about the Arabian Desert?
A. It is the third largest desert in the world.
B. It takes up nearly one-quarter of Egypt's land.
C. It is located in Western Africa.
D. It is famous for its large number of camels.
22. What does the underlined word “it" refer to in this passage?
A. Dessert B. Egypt. C. Valley. D. Luxor.
23. Which of the following places is NOT in Egypt?
A. Luxor. B. The Valley of the Kings.
C. The Valley of the Queens. D. Kilimanjaro.
24. ________ guards the Great Pyramid of Khufu.
A. The Eastern Desert B. The Great Sphinx
C. The Nile River D. The Arabian Desert25. This passage is mainly about _______.
A. the history of Africa B. famous pyramids in Egypt
C. famous places in Egypt D. the largest country in Africa
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C
【解析】
本文介绍了埃及的著名景点。包括：阿拉伯沙漠；卢克索和人面狮身像。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据It takes up nearly one-quarter of Egypt's land. 它占据了埃及近四分之一的土地。可知，阿
拉伯大沙漠占据了埃及近四分之一的土地。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。题干的意思是：在这篇文章中带下划线的单词“it”指的是什么？根据If you want to see ancient
palaces and buildings, Luxor is a great place to go. People there call it the "open-air museum of ancient Egypt".如
果你想参观古老的宫殿和建筑，卢克索是个不错的去处。那里的人们称之为“露天古埃及博物馆”。可知，
句中的it指代上文的“Luxor卢克索”，故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。题干的意思是：以下哪一个地方不在埃及？根据Some famous places there include the Valley of
the Kings and the Valley of the Queens. 许多人每年都去卢克索。一些著名的地方还包括国王谷和皇后谷。可
知，乞力马扎罗。不在埃及。故选D。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据For hundreds of years, the Sphinx has guarded(守卫) the Great Pyramid of Khufu. 可知，几
百年来，狮身人面像一直守卫着胡夫大金字塔。故选B。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据 Egypt is one of the oldest civilizations (文明) in the world. It has great culture and history.
Let’s take a look at some wonderful places in the country. 埃及是世界上最古老的文明之一。它有伟大的文化和
历史。让我们看看这个国家的一些好地方。可知，这篇短文主要讲埃及的著名地方。故选C。
C
Are you short-sighted? If you are, your parents might have tried to do something to fix it, such as having you
get an eye massage(按摩), take medicine or even get surgery(手术). People who offer these services or products
often say that they can reduce or even cure short sight.
However, you will no longer see advertisements like this before long. The government has issued a notice to
ban(禁止) businesses from using words like “recovery" or "short sight cure" in their advertisements.
The notice says that short sight cannot be completely cured with current medical technology. Therefore, theseadvertisements could mislead children and their parents.
Young people can prevent and control short sight by spending more time outside and less time in front of
books or computers. People who have sight problems should first go to a hospital and let a doctor decide what to
do.
More than 450 million Chinese have suffered from short sight since June 2018. Short sight rates are around 30
percent for primary school students, 60 percent for junior high school students and 80 percent for senior high
school students. This is likely because students spend a lot of time reading books and using electronic devices.
To reduce short sight among young people, the government made a new plan last August. The plan is designed
to limit the amount of time children spend playing video games, as well as limit the production of new video
games.
26. Some people say that they can cure short sight to _________.
A show off their high-leveled skills B. sell more products and services
C. share their medical technology D. prove that eye massages are useful
27. Advertisements with the word "__________“ will be banned by the government.
A. recovery B. eyesight C. short sight D. surgery
28. If you have a sight problem, you should ___________ first.
A. get surgery B. get an eye massage
C. take some medicine D. ask a doctor for advice
29. According to this passage, which group has the highest short sight rate?
A. Primary school students. B. Junior high school students,
C. Senior high school students. D. College students.
30. From the last two paragraphs, we can know that _________.
A. students should be stopped from using mobile phones
B. students in lower grades are more likely to get short sight
C. production of new video games will be limited
D. a law was made to protect the eyesight of people
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文介绍了近视问题。自2018年6月以来，超过4.5亿中国人出现了近视。小学生的近视率约为30%，初
中生为60%，高中生为80%。目前的医疗技术不能完全治愈近视。因此政府已发出通知，禁止企业在其广
告中使用“恢复”或“短期治愈”等字眼。来防止这些广告误导孩子和他们的父母。有视力问题的人应该先去医院，让医生决定怎么做。为了减少年轻人的近视，政府去年8月制定了一项新计划。该计划旨在限制儿
童玩电子游戏的时间，同时限制新电子游戏的生产。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据People who offer these services or products often say that they can reduce or even cure short
sight. 提供这些服务或产品的人经常说他们可以减少甚至治愈近视。可以推知，有人说，他们可以治愈近
视，目的是为了短期内销售更多产品和服务。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据The government has issued a notice to ban(禁止) businesses from using words like “recovery"
or "short sight cure" in their advertisements. 政府已发出通知，禁止企业在其广告中使用“恢复”或“短期治愈”
等字眼。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据People who have sight problems should first go to a hospital and let a doctor decide what to do.
有视力问题的人应该先去医院，让医生决定怎么做。可知，如果你视力有问题，你应该先咨询医生。故选
D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据Short sight rates are around 30 percent for primary school students, 60 percent for junior high
school students and 80 percent for senior high school students. 小学生的近视率约为30%，初中生为60%，高中
生为80%。可知，高中生的近视率最高。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据The plan is designed to limit the amount of time children spend playing video games, as well
as limit the production of new video games. 该计划旨在限制儿童玩电子游戏的时间，同时限制新电子游戏的
生产。可知，新视频游戏的生产将受到限制。故选C。
【点睛】用细节定位法来做细节理解题。
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于中
考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。
事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，
即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是：A)注意掌握英语的多种表达法；B）正确分析词语在句中的作用；C）
熟练运用英语的句型转换；D）读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。
做细节题具体方法与步骤如下：
略读材料,大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。
按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second…等预测应该
到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直
到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
D
Wu Yue, a 14-year-old student at a Junior High School in Hangzhou, usually has lunch with his classmates in
their dining hall. But one day, a newcomer, the school headmaster, joined them at the same table. They talked about
the food that the dining hall offered and had a nice chat.
Wu is not alone. Many students across China have the chance to eat with their headmasters. The government
issued a notice on food safety and nutrition (营养) management in schools, asking headmasters from kindergarten
to high school to have meals with students. The rule took effect(生效) on April 1st.
Many schools now have seats for school managers when they eat with students in the
dining hall. After talking with them, the managers have to write reports and make
suggestions to dining hall workers. Many students were asked about the food that they liked
most. To their surprise, their favorite dishes appeared in the dining hall later. “It's not just
about the food. It makes me feel that I have a say in school," explained one student. "My
ideas are valued."
Some headmasters regard these mealtime conversations as their main chance to communicate with students.
And they notice that some students prefer meat to vegetables. “We are thinking about how to improve the dining
hall's dishes and provide students with a healthy diet," one headmaster said. As students become more familiar with
the school managers, they begin to express their own points of view.
"It's important to understand students' requirements. Our practice shows the school's sense of responsibility,"
another headmaster said.
31. Who is the newcomer to have lunch with students at the dining hall?
A. The new student. B. The school teacher.
C. The school headmaster. D. The dining hall worker.
32. When did the rule take effect?
A. On April 1st. B. On March 1st.
C. On January 1st. D. On May 1st.
33. What do the school managers have to do after chatting with students?
A. They have to take a walk with students in the schoolyard.
B. They have to play games with students on the playground.
C. They have to help the dining hall workers do some cleaning.
D. They have to write reports and make suggestions to dining hall workers.34. According to paragraph 4, what are the school managers thinking about?
A. How to improve their dining hall conditions.
B. How to provide students with a healthy diet.
C. How to communicate with the parents.
D. How to make friends with the students.
35. From this passage, we can infer(推断) __________.
A. students are not satisfied with the school's management
B. students now prefer fruit and vegetables to meat
C. school managers pay more attention to food safety and nutrition
D. the relationship between teachers and students becomes better
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
本文介绍了今年4月1日执行的新规定：《学校食品安全与营养管理通知》。通知要求：幼儿园到高中的
校长与学生一起吃饭。学校管理人员与学生交谈后，必须撰写报告并提出建议。这体现了学校管理者更注
重食品安全和营养。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据But one day, a newcomer, the school headmaster, joined them at the same table. 但是有一天，
一个新来的学生，学校校长，和他们一起坐在同一张桌子上。可知，新来的和学生一起在食堂吃午饭的是
学校校长。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据The rule took effect(生效) on April 1st. 该规定于4月1日生效。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据 After talking with them, the managers have to write reports and make suggestions to dining
hall workers. 学校管理人员与学生交谈后，必须撰写报告并提出建议。可知，他们必须写报告，并向食堂
工作人员提出建议。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We are thinking about how to improve the dining hall's dishes and provide students with a
healthy diet," one headmaster said. 一位校长说：“我们正在考虑如何改进食堂的菜肴，为学生提供健康的饮
食。”可知，从第4段中，我们可以看出学校管理者在想如何为学生提供健康的饮食。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据The government issued a notice on food safety and nutrition (营养) management in schools,
asking headmasters from kindergarten to high school to have meals with students. 政府下发了《学校食品安全与营养管理通知》，要求幼儿园到高中的校长与学生一起吃饭。可以推断出，学校管理者更注重食品安全和
营养。故选C。
四、单调拼写与运用
根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空填一词。
36. After a long walk, he felt _________ (饥饿的) and thirsty.
37. As we all know, hard work is the key to ___________(成功).
38. You must check your papers _________(认真地) in the exams.
39. We all take ___________(骄傲) in the great achievements of our country.
【答案】36. hungry
37. success
38. carefully
39. pride
【解析】
36题详解】
句意：走了很长一段路之后，他感到又饿又渴。
由语境和所给的汉语提示可知，应该填hungry；hungry“饥饿的”，形容词，做felt的表语。故答案为
hungry。
【37题详解】
句意：众所周知，努力工作是成功的关键。
由语境和所给的汉语提示可知，应该填success；success“成功”，名词；the key to：关键是（在于）；它后
面to是个介词，做定语。后面跟名词或的名词。所以答案为：success。
【38题详解】
句意：你必须在考试中仔细检查你的论文。
由语境和所给的汉语提示可知，应该填carefully；carefully“认真地”，副词，用来修饰前面的动词check“检
查”。故答案为carefully。
【39题详解】
句意：我们都为国家的伟大成就感到骄傲。
由语境和所给的汉语提示可知，应该填pride；本题考查短语：take pride in：以…自豪；对…感到满意；故
答案为pride。
【点睛】该类题主要以考查学生的记忆能力、句子分析能力和构词知识运用能力为主。首先要根据中文提
示回忆该单词的正确拼写形式；其次回想一下该词的词性，有无相关的派生词语；结合句子所表达的意义，
通过分析所填词或词组在句中的语法作用，从而确定语法变化形式（如名词的复数形式、名词所有格；形容词的比较级和最高级；数词的基数词形式与序数词形式；动词的时态、语态等）；决定所填词或词组的
最终形式。
根据句子意思，用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空填一词。
40. Could you please speak more _________ (slow)? I can't follow you.
41. He enjoyed _________ (he) at the party that night.
42. He won the _________ (two) place in the dragon boat race.
43. He is a __________(love) boy, very gentle and caring.
【答案】40. slowly
41. himself
42. second 43. lovely
【解析】
【40题详解】
句意：你能说慢点吗？我跟不上你。
句子中的speak为动词，因此后面应该用副词来修饰，slow的副词为slowly。故答案为slowly。
【41题详解】
句意：那天晚上他在聚会上玩得很开心。
本题考查enjoy的用法。enjoy oneself：过得快活，感到愉快；enjoy后跟反身代词做宾语，he的反身代词
为himself。所以答案填：himself。
【42题详解】
句意：他在龙舟赛中获得第二名。
定冠词the后跟序数词，two的序数词为second。the second place：第二名。故答案为second。
【43题详解】
句意：他是个可爱的男孩，非常温柔体贴。
句中的boy是名词，前面应该用形容词来修饰，love的形容词为lovely。故答案为lovely。
【点睛】用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
解题技巧：本题型考查学生根据构词法知识判断词形、转换词形和词性以及运用词汇组建句子的能力。解
题时，首先要领悟和理解句子的意思，根据所给单词的词性及其在句子中的前后搭配关系，分析和明确其
在句子中所要起的语法作用，然后再根据构词法知识和词形转换方面的知识，拼写出其正确的形式。注意
所填写的单词必须在意思上和语法结构上与原句相一致。
这种题型考查内容主要集中在以下六大类词汇上：
（一）名词
考查名词的单数和复数形式之间的转换、名词与其所有格形式之间的转换以及名词转化为形容词、动词等。
（二）动词考查动词不定式及动词-ing形式的运用、动词在各种时态和语态中的词形变化以及动词与名词、动词与形
容词之间的转换等等。
（三）形容词和副词
考查形容词与名词、形容词与副词之间的转化，形容词原级与其比较级和最高级之间的转化等等。
（四）数词
考查基数词与序数词之间的转换。
（五）代词
考查人称代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词以及反身代词之间的相互转换。
（六）其它一些词之间的转换，如动词转化为介词等。
五、动词填空
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(必更时可加情态动词或助动词)。
If you've ever stayed up late and then gotten up early the next day, you know what it's like not to get enough
sleep. It's very uncomfortable feeling. In fact, for many years scientists _____44_____(believe) that sleep is like
food - if we don’t get enough of it, we might get sick or even die. But now they ______45______ (start)to wonder
just how much sleep we need.
Researchers at Imperial College London did a study on fruit flies(果蝇). They found that flies that slept for
very short periods of time - about72 minutes a day -still ______46______ (live) about as long as flies that slept for
normal amounts of time. One of the female slept for just 4 minutes each day on average. This has led the
researchers to wonder if sleep is less necessary than we previously thought.
Humans are very different from fruit flies. Sleep ______47______(help) repair tissue (组织) when our bodies
perform a lot of maintenance (维护). Sleeping allows our bodies ______48______ (get) well again from the stress
we experience each day. But can we really die from not sleeping? No humans have died so far from
_______49_______ (stay) awake for too long. The current(现在的)world record for sleeplessness
_______50_______ (hold) by Randy Gardner from the US, who stayed awake for 11 days and 25 minutes in 1964.
Scientist have not yet found any animals that don’t sleep at all. Even animals that only sleep for short periods
are not completely sleepless.
【答案】44. believe
45. are starting
46. lived 47. helps
48. to get 49. staying
50. was held
【解析】本文介绍了没有足够的睡眠人会感觉很不舒服。多年来，科学家们一直认为睡眠就像食物——如果我们睡
眠不足，我们可能会生病甚至死亡。现在他们开始想知道我们到底需要多少睡眠。伦敦帝国理工学院的研
究人员对果蝇进行了研究。这使得研究人员怀疑睡眠是否比我们之前想象的要少。到目前为止，还没有人
死于长时间的不睡觉。美国兰迪·加德纳（Randy Gardner）的《目前的失眠世界纪录》（The current）于
1964年保持清醒11天25分钟。科学家还没有发现任何不睡觉的动物。即使只睡很短时间的动物也不会完
全失眠。
【44题详解】
句意：事实上，多年来，科学家们认为睡眠就像食物——如果我们睡眠不足，我们可能会生病甚至死亡。
根据that sleep is like food - if we don’t get enough of it, we might get sick or even die. 睡眠就像食物——如果我
们睡眠不足，我们可能会生病甚至死亡。可知，这种情况是科学家们多年来一直认为的一种情况，因此应
该用一般现在时；主语scientists是复数，因此谓语动词用原形。故答案为believe。
【45题详解】
句意：但现在他们开始想知道我们到底需要多少睡眠。
由句中的now可知，该句话的时态应该用现在进行时，其结构是：am/is/are+动词的现在分词。主语是
they，因此be动词用are，故答案为are starting。
【46题详解】
句意：他们发现，睡眠时间很短的苍蝇——每天大约72分钟——仍然和正常睡眠时间差不多长。
根据They found，可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，因此在由that引导的宾语从句that flies （that slept for
very short periods of time - about72 minutes a day -）still ______3______ (live) about as long as flies that slept for
normal amounts of time. 也要用一般过去时，故答案为lived。（其中的句子that slept for very short periods of
time是定语从句，修饰flies；- about72 minutes a day -：用来解释说明very short periods of time的。）
【47题详解】
句意：当我们的身体进行大量的保养时，睡眠有助于修复组织。
根据Humans are very different from fruit flies. 人类和果蝇有很大的不同。可知，下文应该是介绍不同的原因，
也就是介绍人类睡眠的作用，因此应该用一般现在时。主语Sleep是单数，所以谓语用三单形式。故答案
为helps。
【48题详解】
句意：睡眠可以让我们的身体从我们每天经历的压力中恢复。
本题考查：allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。因此后面应该用动词不定式做宾补。故答案为to get。
【49题详解】
句意：到目前为止，还没有人死于长时间的不睡觉。
die from：死于（某种原因，不包括疾病、过度悲伤等）；from是介词，后跟动名词，stay的动名词为staying，stay awake for too long：保持清醒很长时间；故答案为staying。
【50题详解】
句意：美国的兰迪·加德纳（Randy Gardner）保持了目前的不睡觉世界纪录，他在1964年保持了11天25
分钟的清醒。
分析句子结构可知，主语The current(现在的)world record for sleeplessness与动词hold之间存在着被动关系，
因此应该用被动句，而且由时间in 1964可知，该句话应该用一般过去时，所以该句话是一般过去时的被
动句。其结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词。主语The current(现在的)world record for sleeplessness是单数，
因此be动词用was。故答案为was held。
六、综合填空
阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
A young couple decided to go c_____51_____ in the mountains to celebrate their first year of marriage（结
婚）. They took with them the t_____52_____ they would need — warm clothes, food and a tent.
They went up to the mountains and f_____53_____ a fine place to set up their rent. Then they decided to go
for a hike（徒步旅行）to see more of the mountains.
A_____54_____ a long hike, they went back to their camp, built a fire and cooked d____55____. Finally, it
was time to go to sleep.
Sometimes in the middle of the n____56____, the wife woke up her husband and said:”Look up at the sky.
What do you see? ”
Her husband answered,”I see m_____57_____ of stars in the sky. ”
His wife said:”That’s right. W______58______ does the mean to you? ”
The husband said:”Well, if there are so many stars out there , that means there might a_____59_____ be a
planet just like ours. And if that’s true, then there could be life on one of those planets. That’s kind of
e______60______!”
His wife said:”You are wrong. It means that someone has stolen our tent! ”
【答案】51. camping
52. things 53. found
54. After 55. dinner
56. night 57. millions
58. What 59. also
60. exciting
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了一对夫妇为了庆祝结婚一周年，去山上露营的事情。他们准备了必需品后就到了山上。在山上
找了一个好地方搭起了帐篷。然后他们决定去远足去看更多的山色。经过长时间的徒步旅行之后，他们回
到营地，生火做饭。然后休息。到了半夜的时候，帐篷被人偷走了。
【51题详解】
句意：一对年轻夫妇决定去山上露营庆祝他们结婚一周年。
由语境和首字母提示，可知填：camp；本题考查：go +V.-ing；这里camping是现在分词，做目的状语。go
camping=go to camp (camp这里是动词表示“野营”)即：“去的目的是野营”。故答案为camping。
【52题详解】
句意：他们带上了他们需要的东西——温暖的衣服、食物和帐篷。
由语境和首字母提示，可知填：thing；根据they would need — warm clothes, food and a tent. 他们需要的东
西——温暖的衣服、食物和帐篷。这是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词thing，而且再由They took with
them，可知，他们带的东西很多，因此先行词thing应该用复数things。故答案为things。
【53题详解】
句意：他们在山上找了一个好地方来搭帐篷。
由语境和首字母提示，可知填：find；分析句子They went up to the mountains and f_____3_____ a fine place
to set up their rent.的结构可知，and连接并列句，前后的时态应该一致，因此本题应该填find 的过去式
found。故答案为found。
【54题详解】
句意：经过长时间的徒步旅行之后，他们回到营地，生火做饭。
由语境和首字母提示，可知填：after；根据上文的句子Then they decided to go for a hike（徒步旅行）to see
more of the mountains. 然后他们决定去远足去看更多的山色。再结合下文they went back to their camp, built a
fire and cooked, 他们回到营地，生火做饭。应该是在徒步旅行之后，回来做饭。因此应该填after，首字母
要大写。故答案为After。
【55题详解】
句意：经过长时间的徒步旅行之后，他们回到营地，生火做饭。
由语境和首字母提示，可知填：dinner；根据Finally, it was time to go to sleep. 最后，该睡觉了。可以推知，
他们回来是做的晚饭，故答案为dinner。
【56题详解】
句意：到了半夜的时候，妻子叫醒丈夫说：“抬头看天空。你看到什么了？”
由语境和首字母提示，可知填：night；根据Finally, it was time to go to sleep. 最后，该睡觉了。接下来应该
是晚上发生的事情。in the middle of the night：半夜；故答案为night。
【57题详解】句意：她丈夫回答说：“我看到天上有数百万颗星星。”
由语境和首字母提示，可知填：million；因为空后面有of，因此用millions，millions of：数百万的；语境
是：天上有数百万颗星星。故答案为millions。
【58题详解】
句意：他妻子说：“没错。这对你意味着什么？”
由语境和首字母提示，可知填：what；分析该句子结构W___8____ does the mean to you?可知，该句话为特
殊疑问句，而且首字母是w，因此应该用what来指代上文的“看见天上有数百万颗星星这件事情。”，首字
母要大写。故答案为What。
【59题详解】
句意：好吧，如果有这么多恒星，那就意味着也可能有一个和我们一样的行星。
分析句子Well, if there are so many stars out there , that means there might a____9___ be a planet just like ours.
的结构可知，该空在be动词之前，而且首字母是a，因此应该填also：其位置大多放在be动词、助动词、
情态动词之后，实义动词之前；故答案为also。
【60题详解】
句意：真令人兴奋！
根据Well, if there are so many stars out there , that means there might a_____9_____ be a planet just like ours.
And if that’s true, then there could be life on one of those planets. 好吧，如果有这么多恒星，那就意味着也可
能有一个和我们一样的行星。如果这是真的，那么其中一颗行星上可能有生命。这是丈夫的想法，因此对
于丈夫来说，他认为这样是很兴奋的。故答案为exciting。
【点睛】英语首字母填空技巧
1. 通读短文知大意，看整体全面了解来源：
与阅读理解题和其它类型的完形填空一样，首先要通读短文，了解文章的大意。每篇短文段落之间必
然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文时要一气呵成，只要能了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过。
因此，在解题之前通读一遍短文，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。
2. 复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词
在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。在阅读时要特别注意一
篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心
思想。在阅读过程中，要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外，要学会跳读，
即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。有些短文填空题，有时出
现约 3%~5% 的生词是很正常的，这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词
义。
3. 反复推敲多分析，慎重答题讲合理再次通读短文，对留空的句子进行全面的分析，看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。这一遍阅读
要求是精心阅读，要留心找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给首字母的提示，进行填写，并注意单词
的正确形式。例如：第5小题，句意：经过长时间的徒步旅行之后，他们回到营地，生火做饭。由语境和
首字母提示，可知填：dinner；根据Finally, it was time to go to sleep. 最后，该睡觉了。可以推知，他们回
来是做的晚饭，故答案为dinner。
4. 认真复查全文，把握整体和词形来源：
做完以后，再认真读一遍，检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符，文章是否通顺，前后是否呼应，有无
句型结构及语法错误。
七、阅读表达
阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。
Most of you will enter high school this autumn. By that time, you'll find yourself immersed in (沉浸于)
traditional Chinese culture. 83. The traditional Chinese culture can help students build cultural confidence.
Nowadays, the education focuses more on the traditional Chinese culture.
At public schools, the students are called for to recite(背诵) 72 ancient poems or articles. Besides Chinese
language, other subjects such a fine arts, music and physical education will also focus more on traditional Chinese
culture. For example, fine arts will include new lessons on Chinese calligraphy(书法) and painting
China has also seem a growing interest in traditional culture in the private(私立的) education area. It is
reported that more than 3,000 traditional private schools have been built since 2004. They mainly teach traditional
Chinese classic(经典).
According to Fu Yan, a Chinese language teacher at Hangzhou Xuejun High School, learning about traditional
Chinese culture is a good thing for students. 84."At their age, the students may be too young to understand some
classics." Fu told Qianjiang Evening News. “However, as their life experience builds up, they may develop their
own thoughts about the wisdom(智慧)of the classics, which could be a driving force for their growth."
A根据短文内容简要回答问题。
61. How many ancient poems or articles do the students need to recite at public school?
___________________________
62. What does Fu Yan think of learning about traditional Chinese culture?
______________________________
B将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
63. ____________________________________________________________________________
64. ____________________________________________________________________________
C请给短文拟个适当的标题。65. ____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】61. At public schools, the students are called for to recite 72 ancient poems or articles.
62. Fu Yan thinks traditional Chinese culture is a good thing for students.
63. 中国传统文化可以帮助学生建立文化自信。
64. 在他们这个年龄，学生们可能太小，无法理解一些经典著作。
65. Learning about traditional Chinese culture
【解析】
本文介绍了如今的教育更加注重中国传统文化教育。中国传统文化有助于培养学生的文化自信。在公立学
校，学生们被要求背诵72首古诗或古文。中国似乎对私立教育领域的传统文化也越来越感兴趣。杭州学军
中学的汉语老师傅艳说，学习中国传统文化对学生来说是件好事。随着他们生活经验的积累，他们可能会
发展自己对经典智慧的思考，这可能是他们成长的动力。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据At public schools, the students are called for to recite(背诵) 72 ancient poems or articles. 在公
立学校，学生们被要求背诵72首古诗或古文。故答案为At public schools, the students are called for to recite
72 ancient poems or articles.
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据According to Fu Yan, a Chinese language teacher at Hangzhou Xuejun High School, learning
about traditional Chinese culture is a good thing for students. 杭州学军中学的汉语老师傅艳说，学习中国传统
文化对学生来说是件好事。所以答案为：Fu Yan thinks traditional Chinese culture is a good thing for students.
【63题详解】
翻译题，英译汉。the traditional Chinese culture：中国传统文化；can：能够；help：帮助； students：学生；
build cultural confidence：建立文化自信。help sb. do sth.: 帮助某人做某事。所以答案为：中国传统文化可
以帮助学生建立文化自信。
【64题详解】
翻译题，英译汉。at their age：在他们这个年龄；the students：学生们；may be：也许，或许； young：年
轻的；understand：理解；some classics：一些经典著作。too…to…：太……而不能……；所以答案为：在
他们这个年龄，学生们可能太小，无法理解一些经典著作。
【65题详解】
本文介绍了如今的教育更加注重中国传统文化教育。中国传统文化有助于培养学生的文化自信。所以最佳
标题为：Learning about traditional Chinese culture.
66.书面表达
假定你是李华，你校英诺俱乐部将举行以Good habits make me better为主题的演讲活动。请根据以下的信息，写一篇英语演讲稿。
话题：Good habits make me better
生活习惯：按时休息、拒绝垃圾食品、经常锻炼
学习习惯：课上认真听讲、按时完成作业、爱读书
你的感想：
要求:
1)包含全部要点。可适当发挥:
2)不能出现真实的校名及姓名:
3)开头和结尾已经给出。不计入总词数:
4)问数控制在80-100词左右。
Good morning everybody!
l'm Li Hua. Today my topics is “Good habits make me better”.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you for your listening!
【答案】Good morning everybody!
I'm Li Hua. Today my topics is “Good habits make me better”. It's very important for us to develop good
habits. As teenagers, what should we do? In my opinion, we should listen to the teacher carefully and take notes
when necessary. It is a good habit to finish the schoolwork on time every day. In spare time, we had better read
some books to get more knowledge. Also, we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables and less junk food. It's
necessary for us to take exercise for three or four times a week. What's more, to get enough sleep, go to bed early
and don't stay up late. Always remember to wash our hands before meals to keep clean. Exercise is fun and
relaxing. It's healthy for the mind and body. Healthy lifestyle helps us get good grades and live happily. That’s all.
Thank you for your listening!
【解析】
【详解】这是一篇话题作文，根据材料中的相关信息介绍一下以Good habits make me better为主题的演讲
活动。所提供的材料中列举了要养成一些良好的习惯。主要从生活习惯：按时休息、拒绝垃圾食品、经常
锻炼；学习习惯：课上认真听讲、按时完成作业、爱读书；你的感想；这三个方面去介绍。时态为一般现
在时。注意演讲稿中必须包含材料上的所有信息，并适当发挥。写作时，避免使用汉语式的英语，尽量使
用我们熟悉的句子或短语。语法要正确，表达要符合英语习惯，注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问
题。写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，表达具有条理性。高分句型：It is + adj. for sb. to do sth.：It's very important for us to develop good habits. 养成良好的习惯对我
们很重要。It's necessary for us to take exercise for three or four times a week. 我们每周锻炼三到四次是必要的。
常用短语：In my opinion在我看来；listen to听；on time按时；in spare time在空闲时间；what's more另外，
而且；stay up熬夜；remember to do sth. 记得做某事。本试卷的题干、答案和解析均由组卷网（http://zujuan.xkw.com）专业教师团队编校出品。
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