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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
课时 6 Section B (3a-3c) 分层作业
核心知识速记 03 拓展培优
01 基础达标 0 4 思维进阶
02 能力提升
词汇
1.ocean /'əʊʃn/n. 大海；海洋
2.except /ɪk'sept/.prep. 除…… 之外；除了
3.tiny /'taɪni/adj. 极小的；微小的
4.lively /'laɪvli/adj. 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的
5.the Arctic /'ɑːktɪk/ Ocean 北冰洋
短语/句型
1.the largest and heaviest animal on earth 地球上最大最重的动物
2 as much as 和......一样多
3.one of the most beautiful things 最美丽的事物之一
4.live in 住在（某地）
5. four tons of ... 四吨......
6. live up to 90 years 活到90岁
7.many kinds of 许多种
8.play an important role 起重要作用
9.They think it is one of the most beautiful things to see. 他们认为这是最美丽的东西之一。
10.Blue whales play an important role in our world, so we must protect them.
蓝鲸在我们的世界中扮演着重要的角色，所以我们必须保护它们。
一、单词默写。
1. __________________/'əʊʃn/n. 大海；海洋 2. ______________ /ɪk'sept/.prep. 除…… 之外；除
了3. __________________/'taɪni/adj. 极小的；微小的 5. _________________ /'ɑːktɪk/ Ocean 北冰洋
4. __________ /'laɪvli/adj. 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的
【答案】
1.ocean 2.except 3.tiny 4.lively 5.the Arctic
二、词组默写。
1._____________________ 地球上最大最重的动 5. _____________________ 四吨......
物 6. _____________________ 活到90岁
2 _____________________ 和......一样多 7._____________________ 许多种
3._____________________ 最美丽的事物之一 8._____________________ 起重要作用
4._____________________ 住在（某地）
【答案】
1.the largest and heaviest animal on earth 地球上最大最重的动物 2 as much as 和......一样多
3.one of the most beautiful things 最美丽的事物之一 4.live in 住在（某地）
5. four tons of ... 四吨..... .6. live up to 90 years 活到90岁
7.many kinds of 许多种 8.play an important role 起重要作用
三、翻译填空
1.蓝鲸是地球上最大最重的动物，每天要吃很多食物。
The blue whale is _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ and eats a lot of food every day.
2.这种海龟如果安全的话能活到 90 岁。
This kind of sea turtle can _______ _______ _______ 90 years if it is safe.
3.海洋提供的氧气多达我们所呼吸的一半。
The ocean provides _______ _______ _______ half of the oxygen we breathe.
4.许多种海洋生物生活在这片温暖的海域。
_______ _______ _______ sea creatures live in this warm sea area.
5.珊瑚礁在保护海洋生态系统中起重要作用。
Coral reefs _______ _______ _______ _______ in protecting the marine ecosystem.
6.看到海豚在船边跳跃是最美丽的事物之一。
Seeing dolphins jumping beside the boat is _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.
7.这片海域每年能为当地渔民提供四吨的鱼。
This sea area can provide _______ _______ _______ fish for local fishermen every year.
8.那些海鸟全年都住在靠近北冰洋的岛屿上。
Those seabirds _______ _______ the islands near _______ _______ _______ all year round.
【答案】1.the largest and heaviest animal on earth 2.live up to 3.as much as 4.Many kinds of
5.play an important role6.one of the most beautiful things7.four tons of8.live in; the Arctic
Ocean四、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on Earth. It can weigh as much as 200 tons, making it 1.
____ (big) than any other animal. Many people enjoy watching blue whales swim, 2. ____ they think it is one of the
most beautiful things to see.
Blue whales live in all oceans 3. ____ the Arctic Ocean. Their main food is some of the tiniest sea animals,
which 4. ____ (call) krill. A blue whale eats around four tons of these 5. ____ day.
Blue whales can live 6. ____ to 90 years. When a blue whale dies at sea, its body becomes food for many sea
creatures, 7. ____ (help) create a lively ecosystem. However, blue whales 8. ____ (face) dangers now, like pollution
and ship collisions.
We must protect them. By cutting down ocean pollution, we can let blue whales 9. ____ (continue) their lives.
After all, they are important 10. ____ our ocean’s health.
【答案】
1．bigger 2．and 3．except 4．are called 5．a 6．up 7．helping 8．are facing 9．continue 10．To
【导语】【导语】本文围绕蓝鲸展开，介绍其体重、栖息范围、食物、寿命及生态作用，同时提及生存威
胁，强调保护的重要性 。
1．句意：它能重达 200 吨，这使得它比其他任何动物都大。根据后文 “than any other animal” 可知，此
处需用形容词比较级，“big” 的比较级为 “bigger”，故填 bigger。
2．句意：许多人喜欢看蓝鲸游动，并且他们认为这是最美好的景象之一。根据前后分句为顺承关系，需
用并列连词连接，故填 and。
3．句意：蓝鲸生活在除了北冰洋之外的所有海洋里。根据常识及语境 “所有海洋” 与 “北冰洋” 的
排除关系，需用介词 “except” 表 “除…… 之外”，故填 except。
4．句意：它们的主要食物是海洋里一些最微小的动物，这些动物被叫做磷虾。根据 “动物” 与 “叫
做” 为被动关系，且主语为复数，时态为一般现在时，需用被动语态 “are called”，故填 are called。
5．句意：一头蓝鲸每天能吃大约四吨这样的（动物）。根据 “每天” 的固定表达 “a day”，需用不定
冠词 “a”，故填 a。
6．句意：蓝鲸可以活到 90 岁。根据 “多达；直到” 的固定短语 “up to”，需用介词 “up”，故填
up。
7．句意：当一头蓝鲸在海里死亡时，它的身体会成为许多海洋生物的食物，帮助创造一个活跃的生态系
统。根据 “身体” 与 “帮助” 为主动关系，需用现在分词作伴随状语，“help” 的现在分词为
“helping”，故填 helping。
8．句意：然而，蓝鲸现在正面临危险，比如污染和船舶碰撞。根据 “now” 提示动作正在进行，且主语为
复数，需用现在进行时 “are facing”，故填 are facing。
9．句意：通过减少海洋污染，我们可以让蓝鲸继续它们的生活。根据 “let sb./sth. do sth.” 固定结构，
“let” 后接省略 to 的不定式，故填 continue。10．句意：毕竟，它们对我们海洋的健康很重要。根据 “对…… 重要” 的固定短语 “be important
to...”，需用介词 “to”，故填 to。
五、完型填空
The Little Penguin’s Journey
Penguins are cute, but not all live in cold places. Little penguins, the smallest kind, live in Australia.
They 1. ______ on fish and squid. Every day, they swim far to find food.
Last winter, a baby penguin, Lulu, got lost. She stood alone on the beach, 2. ______ and hungry. A kind boy,
Tom, noticed her. He knew penguins need 3. ______ , so he called a wildlife group. Workers came quickly
and 4. ______ Lulu to a safe center.
At the center, Lulu refused to eat. The vet found she 5. ______ of a hurt wing. After weeks of care, Lulu could
swim again. But she seemed lonely — penguins love to be 6. ______ groups. So workers found another lost
penguin, Pipi, to be her friend.
When Lulu and Pipi were well, Tom helped 7. ______ them back to the ocean. “Goodbye!” Tom waved. The
two penguins jumped into the water, 8. ______ happily.
Now, Tom volunteers at the center. He tells others, “Penguins are amazing. If we 9. ______ throw trash on
beaches, they’ll have safer homes.” Small acts, big love — that’s how we 10. ______ our animal friends.
1.A. live B. feed C. play D. grow
2.A. tired B. bored C. excited D. angry
3.A. help B. time C. money D. space
4.A. moved B. sent C. carried D. pushed
5.A. died B. heard C. spoke D. suffered
6.A. in B. on C. at D. for
7.A. give B. take C. bring D. put
8.A. running B. flying C. swimming D. dancing
9.A. often B. never C. always D. sometimes
10.A. protect B. forget C. miss D. leave
【答案】1.B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A
【导语】本文讲述了小企鹅 Lulu 迷路后被救助、康复并回归海洋的故事，展现了人与动物的温暖互动，
呼吁通过日常小事保护动物。
1.句意：它们以鱼和乌贼为食。
“feed on” 是固定搭配，意为 “以…… 为食”，符合企鹅的饮食习惯；“live”“play”“grow” 均不与 “on”
搭配表 “食物来源”。故选 B。
2.句意：她独自站在沙滩上，又累又饿。
结合 “got lost”（迷路）的情境，企鹅此时的状态应为 “疲惫的”，“tired” 符合语境；
“bored”“excited”“angry” 均与 “迷路 + 饥饿” 的状态不符。故选 A。3.句意：他知道企鹅需要帮助，于是打电话给野生动物保护组织。
后文 “called a wildlife group” 提示企鹅需要 “帮助”，“help” 符合逻辑；“time”“money”“space” 均非此
时的核心需求。故选 A。
4.句意：工作人员很快赶来，把 Lulu 送到了一个安全的救助中心。
“send...to...” 侧重 “将…… 送往目的地”，符合 “送企鹅去救助中心” 的动作；
“moved”“carried”“pushed” 均不强调 “送达” 的目的性。故选 B。
5.句意：兽医发现她因翅膀受伤而痛苦。
“suffer from” 是固定搭配，意为 “因…… 而痛苦”，与 “hurt wing”（翅膀受伤）的状态匹配；
“died”“heard”“spoke” 均与 “受伤” 的情境无关。故选 D。
6.句意：但她似乎很孤独 —— 企鹅喜欢成群生活。
“in groups” 是固定短语，意为 “成群地”，描述企鹅的群居习性；“on”“at”“for” 均不与 “groups” 搭配
表 “群体状态”。故选 A。
7.句意：当 Lulu 和 Pipi 康复后，Tom 帮忙把它们送回了海洋。
“take...back” 意为 “把…… 送回”，符合 “将企鹅送回自然栖息地” 的语境；“give”“bring”“put” 均不
贴合 “送回原地” 的动作。故选 B。
8.句意：两只企鹅跳进水里，快乐地游着。
企鹅的主要运动方式是 “游泳”，“swimming” 符合其生物特性；“running”“flying”“dancing” 均不符合
企鹅的行为习惯。故选 C。
9.句意：如果我们从不往沙滩上扔垃圾，它们就会有更安全的家。
“never”（从不）体现环保行为，与 “保护企鹅家园” 的主题一致；“often”“always”“sometimes” 均与
“保护” 的逻辑矛盾。故选 B。
10.句意：小小的行动，大大的爱 —— 这就是我们保护动物朋友的方式。
全文围绕 “救助企鹅、保护动物” 展开，“protect” 契合主题；“forget”“miss”“leave” 均偏离核心思想。
故选 A。
六、阅读还原
根据短文内容，从短文后的 A～E 选项中，选出 5 个适当的选项补全短文。
Swallows' Journey
Swallows are small birds with long wings. Every spring, they fly back to our cities from warm places like Africa.
1. ______ They build nests under the roofs of houses and on bridges, where they can stay safe.
However, in recent years, fewer swallows have returned. 2. ______ Many old houses are being pulled down, and
new buildings have smooth walls—no good for building nests. Also, farmers now use more chemicals, which kill
the insects that swallows eat.
Luckily, people are trying to help. 3. ______ In some towns, workers put special wooden boxes under bridges to
give swallows new nesting places. Schools also teach students about protecting these birds.
Last month, a group of children in a village noticed something happy: swallows were building nests in the new
boxes! 4. ______ “We saw three baby swallows in one nest,” said 10-year-old Mia. “It’s like having new friends!”
Swallows are more than just birds. 5. ______ By helping them, we learn to care for all living things around us.选项
A. They bring us joy and remind us of the beauty of nature.
B. This is because their living environment is changing.
C. They make the journey to find food and raise their babies.
D. The birds sang loudly, and the village felt lively again.
E. People are making their homes more swallow-friendly.
【答案】1.C 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. A
【导语】本文讲述了燕子每年春天从非洲迁徙到城市的习性，分析了近年来燕子数量减少的原因，介绍了
人们为保护燕子所做的努力，以及燕子回归带来的积极影响，最后点明保护燕子的深层意义。
1.句意：它们迁徙是为了寻找食物和养育幼鸟。
前文提到燕子春天从非洲飞回城市，空后说明它们筑巢的行为，C 项解释了迁徙的目的，与前后文衔接自
然；A 项讲燕子带来的欢乐，B 项说环境变化，D 项描述村庄景象，E 项提人们的帮助，均与 “迁徙原
因” 无关。故选 C。
2.句意：这是因为它们的生存环境正在改变。
前文指出燕子回归数量减少，空后具体说明房屋拆除、化学物质使用等环境变化，B 项作为过渡句，阐明
数量减少的原因，连接前后内容；A 项、C 项、D 项、E 项均不涉及 “数量减少的原因”，不符合逻辑。
故选 B。
3.句意：人们正在让家园更适合燕子生存。
前文说人们在努力帮助燕子，空后举例说明具体措施（安装木箱、学校教育），E 项总述人们改善燕子生
存环境的行动，引出下文具体内容；A 项讲燕子的意义，B 项说原因，C 项讲迁徙目的，D 项描述场景，
均无法衔接 “帮助措施”。故选 E。
4.句意：鸟儿放声歌唱，村庄又变得热闹起来。
前文提到孩子们发现燕子在新木箱筑巢，空后引用孩子的话描述场景，D 项描绘了燕子回归后村庄的热闹
景象，承接筑巢的积极结果；A 项、B 项、C 项、E 项均未涉及 “筑巢后的场景”，不符合语境。故选
D。
5.句意：它们带给我们欢乐，也提醒我们自然之美。
文末总结燕子的意义，空后讲帮助燕子能让我们学会关爱万物，A 项说明燕子的价值，为后文的启示做铺
垫；B 项说原因，C 项讲迁徙目的，D 项描述场景，E 项提人们的行动，均无法体现 “燕子的深层意
义”。故选 A。
七、阅读理解
A
Sea Turtles' Long Journey
Sea turtles are amazing travelers. For over 100 million years, they have swum through Earth’s oceans. These
ancient reptiles can grow up to 1.5 meters long and live for 80 years or more.
Every year, female sea turtles return to the same beaches where they were born to lay eggs. They dig holes in the
sand and lay around 100 eggs at a time. After two months, baby turtles break out of their shells and rush to theocean. But this journey is dangerous—many are eaten by birds or get lost because of bright lights from nearby
buildings.
Sadly, sea turtles face more problems today. Plastic pollution is a big threat. Turtles often mistake plastic bags for
jellyfish, their favorite food, and eating plastic can kill them. Also, fishing nets sometimes catch turtles by accident.
Luckily, people are working to save them. In some countries, volunteers patrol beaches at night to protect nesting
turtles. They also turn off beach lights to help baby turtles find the ocean. Many places have banned plastic bags,
and fishermen use special nets that let turtles escape.
Scientists say that if we keep helping, sea turtles will continue their long journeys for many more years. These
gentle creatures remind us that we must care for our oceans.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1.How long can sea turtles live?
A. Up to 50 years. B. Up to 80 years.
C. Up to 100 years. D. Up to 150 years.
2.Why do baby turtles get lost?
A. They are afraid of birds. B. The sand is too hot.
C. Bright lights confuse them. D. They can’t swim well.
3.What do sea turtles often mistake for jellyfish?
A. Fishing nets. B. Plastic bags.
C. Beach lights. D. Sand holes.
4.What do volunteers do to help sea turtles?
A. They clean the beaches every day. B. They carry baby turtles to the ocean.
C. They turn off lights to guide baby turtles. D. They teach fishermen to catch more turtles.
5.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Sea turtles are ancient reptiles. B. Sea turtles face many dangers.
C. People are working to save sea turtles. D. Sea turtles need our help to survive.
【答案】1.B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D
【导语】本文介绍了海龟的生活习性、面临的生存威胁（如塑料污染、灯光干扰等）以及人们为保护海龟
所采取的措施，强调海龟需要人类的帮助才能继续生存。
1.句意：海龟能活多久？
解析：文章第一段明确提到 “live for 80 years or more”，即最长可达 80 年。A 项 “50 年”、C 项 “100
年”、D 项 “150 年” 均与原文不符。故选 B。
2.句意：小海龟为什么会迷路？
解析：第二段指出 “get lost because of bright lights from nearby buildings”，即灯光让它们 confusion。A 项
“害怕鸟类” 是面临的危险而非迷路原因，B 项 “沙子太热”、D 项 “游泳不好” 文中未提及。故选
C。
3.句意：海龟经常把什么误认为水母？
解析：第三段提到 “mistake plastic bags for jellyfish”，即塑料袋被误认为水母。A 项 “渔网” 是捕捉海龟的工具，C 项 “沙滩灯光” 是干扰因素，D 项 “沙洞” 是产卵的地方，均不符合。故选 B。
4.句意：志愿者做什么来帮助海龟？
解析：第四段说明 “volunteers... turn off beach lights to help baby turtles find the ocean”，即关灯引导小海
龟。A 项 “每天清理沙滩” 文中未提，B 项 “把小海龟带到海里” 不符合原文，D 项 “教渔民多捕海
龟” 与保护行为相反。故选 C。
5.句意：这篇文章的主旨是什么？
解析：全文围绕海龟的生存问题展开，先讲威胁，再讲保护措施，最后强调 “需要人类帮助才能继续生
存”。A 项 “海龟是古老爬行动物” 是细节，B 项 “面临危险”、C 项 “人们在拯救” 均为部分内
容，D 项涵盖全文核心 —— 海龟需要帮助才能存活。故选 D。
B
阅读配对：The Amazing Beavers
以下是关于河狸的五个段落，请从 A-F 中为每个段落选择最合适的标题（其中一项为多余选项）。
段落
1._________Beavers are great builders. They use branches, stones, and mud to build dams across rivers. These
dams create ponds, which become their homes. A beaver can cut down a small tree in just 15 minutes with its sharp
teeth!
2._________The ponds made by beavers are useful for many animals. Fish lay eggs in the calm water, birds find
food near the ponds, and frogs live in the wet grass around them. Even after beavers leave, the ponds stay and help
plants grow.
3._________Once, beavers lived in many parts of North America and Europe. But in the 1800s, people hunted
them for their thick fur and the scent glands used in medicine. This made their numbers drop sharply.
4._________Today, people are working to bring beavers back. In some countries, laws stop hunting. Workers also
build special fences to protect trees, so beavers and humans can live together without problems.
5._________In 2021, a group of scientists studied beavers in Scotland. They found that beaver dams helped stop
floods—water stayed in the ponds instead of rushing down hills. This surprised many people who once thought
beavers were a nuisance.
选项
A. How Beavers Help Prevent Disasters
B. Beavers’ Amazing Building Skills
C. The Many Enemies of Beavers
D. Beavers’ Ponds: Homes for Other Creatures
E. Trying to Save the Beavers
F. Why Beavers Disappeared in the Past
【答案】1.B 2. D 3. F 4. E 5. A
【导语】本文介绍了河狸的建筑能力、对生态的影响、曾面临的危机、保护措施及新发现的作用，展现了
河狸与自然和人类的关系。
1.段落主要讲述河狸用树枝、石头和泥土建造水坝，15 分钟就能咬倒小树，体现其出色的建造能力。B 项
“河狸惊人的建造技能” 与此匹配；其他选项中，A 项讲防洪，D 项说池塘对其他生物的作用，均不相关。故选 B。
2.段落说明河狸建造的池塘为鱼类、鸟类、青蛙等提供了生存环境，即使河狸离开，池塘仍能帮助植物生
长。D 项 “河狸的池塘：其他生物的家园” 符合内容；A 项、B 项、F 项等均未涉及 “池塘对其他生物
的作用”。故选 D。
3.段落提到河狸曾广泛分布，但 19 世纪因被猎杀（获取皮毛和腺体）而数量锐减，解释了过去消失的原
因。F 项 “河狸过去为何消失” 与之对应；C 项 “河狸的众多敌人” 不准确，段落主要讲人类猎杀，
而非多种敌人。故选 F。
4.段落讲述如今人们通过立法禁止捕猎、建造围栏等方式保护河狸，帮助其回归。E 项 “努力拯救河狸”
符合主旨；其他选项均不涉及 “保护措施”。故选 E。
5.段落指出研究发现河狸水坝能阻止洪水，水留在池塘而非冲下山丘，这是其在防灾中的作用。A 项 “河
狸如何帮助预防灾害” 准确概括；其他选项未提及 “防洪等灾害预防” 内容。故选 A。
八、写作
大熊猫是中国极具代表性的珍稀动物，请你根据以下提示，从特征、重量、栖息地、食物、寿命、角色
等方面，用英语介绍大熊猫，词数 80 - 100 左右。
提示词：giant panda（大熊猫），bamboo（竹子），protection（保护），role（作用）
The Giant Panda
Giant pandas are really special._______________________________________________________________
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参考范文
The Giant Panda
Giant pandas are really special. They are one of the most beloved animals in the world.
In terms of features, they have distinctive black - and - white fur. They are not the largest animals, but adult giant
pandas weigh about 80 - 120 kilograms.They mainly live in the bamboo forests of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu in
China. Bamboo is their favorite food, and they eat a lot of it every day.Giant pandas can live up to around 20 years
in the wild, and longer in zoos.
They play an important role in our world. They are like a symbol of wildlife protection, reminding people to care
for nature and all living things. We should work hard to protect their homes and ensure their survival.
【解析】结构布局：从 “总起” 到 “分述” 再到 “升华”，逻辑闭环清晰
开篇总起：首句 “Giant pandas are really special. They are one of the most beloved animals in the world” 以概
括性评价引出主题，用 “special”“beloved” 奠定 “珍稀且受喜爱” 的基调，为后文的细节介绍铺垫情感
基础。
分述展开：中间部分按 “特征→重量→栖息地→食物→寿命” 的顺序逐一说明，每个信息点独立成句却暗含关联（如 “bamboo forests” 与 “bamboo” 形成栖息地与食物的呼应），避免了信息堆砌，符合 “条
理清晰” 的写作逻辑。
结尾升华：最后从 “role” 切入，将大熊猫的意义从 “动物本身” 扩展到 “野生动物保护的象征”，并
以 “We should work hard to protect their homes” 收束，使文章从 “介绍” 升级为 “呼吁”，提升了内容
深度。
