文档内容
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
课时 5 Section B (2a-2d) 分层作业
核心知识速记 03 拓展培优
01 基础达标 0 4 思维进阶
02 能力提升
词汇
1.happiness /'hæpinəs/n. 幸福；快乐
2.disappoint /ˌdɪsə'pɔɪnt/v. 使失望；使破灭
3.mushroom /'mʌʃrʊm/n. 蘑菇；伞
4.ton /tʌn/n. 吨
5.role /rəʊl/n. 作用；职能；角色
6.pea /piː/n. 豌豆
7.climate /'klaɪmət/n. 气候
短语/句型
1.add...to... 给…… 添加…… 2.in the garden 在花园
里
3.in my hometown 在我的家乡 4.use..to... 使用......做某事
5.in your luggage 在你的行李里 6.mean a lot to 对…… 意义重大
7.play an important role in 在…… 中起重要作用 8.as big as a human hand 和人的手一样大
9.by eating insects 通过吃昆虫 10.live on land 生活在陆地上
11.in studies on 在关于…… 的研究中
一、单词默写。
1.__________________/'hæpinəs/n. 幸福；快乐 2.__________________ /ˌdɪsə'pɔɪnt/v. 使失
望；使破灭
3.__________________ /'mʌʃrʊm/n. 蘑菇；伞 4.__________________ /tʌn/n. 吨
5.__________________/rəʊl/n. 作用；职能；角色 6.__________________ /piː/n. 豌豆
7.__________________/'klaɪmət/n. 气候【答案】1.happiness 2.disappoint 3.mushroom 4.ton 5.role 6.pea 7.climate
二、词性转换
1.appear v. 出现____________（n. 出现；外貌 ）____________（反义词 ）
2.disappoint v. 使失望 ____________（n. 失望 ）____________（adj. 失望的；令人失望的 ）
3.imagine v. 想象 ____________（n. 想象；想象力 ）
4.store v. 储存；n. 商店____________（过去式 ）
5.weigh v. 称重 ____________（n. 重量 ）____________（ 过去式 ）
6.land v. 着陆；n. 陆地 ____________（过去式 ）
7.protect v. 保护 ____________（n. 保护 ）
8.connect v. 连接____________（n. 连接；联系 ）____________（ 过去式 ）
9.communicate v. 交流 ____________（n. 交流；通讯 ）____________（ 过去式 ）
10.act v. 行动；表演 ____________（n. 行为；行动 ；法令 ）____________（ 过去式 ）
11.kind adj. 善良的；n. 种类 ____________（n. 仁慈；善良 ）____________（ 副词，亲切地 ）
12.real adj. 真实的 ____________（n. 现实；真实 ）____________（ 副词，真实地 ）
13.popular adj. 受欢迎的____________（n. 流行；受欢迎 ）____________（ 副词，流行地；普遍地 ）
14.important adj. 重要的____________（n. 重要性 ）____________（ 副词，重要地 ）
【答案】1.appearance; disappear 2.disappointment; disappointed / disappointing 3.imagination
4.stored 5.weight; weighed 6.landed 7.protection 8.connection; connected
9.communication; communicated 10.action; acted 11.kindness; kindly 12.reality; really
13.popularity; popularly 14.importance; importantly
三、词组默写。
1._____________________ 给…… 添加…… 2._____________________在花园里
3._____________________ 在我的家乡 4._____________________ 使用......做某事
5._____________________ 在你的行李里 6._____________________ 对…… 意义重大
7._____________________ 在…… 中起重要作用 8._____________________和人的手一样大
9._____________________通过吃昆虫 10._____________________ 生活在陆地上
11._____________________ 在关于…… 的研究中
【答案】1.add...to... 2.in the garden 3.in my hometown 4.use..to...
5.in your luggage 6.mean a lot to 7.play an important role in 8.as big as a human hand
9.by eating insects 10.live on land 11.in studies on
四、短文填空Frogs are amazing creatures that play _____________important role in our ecosystem. Many people know they
help farmers by eating insects. But do you know more about their 1. _______________ (connect) with nature?
First, let’s talk about their growth. After rain, mushrooms and some frogs 2. ______ (appear) in gardens. In some
places, people use bamboo baskets to 3. _______________ (store) food, just like how frogs find safe spots to live.
When we lose our 4. _______________ (favourite) plants or animals, we may feel 5. _______________
(disappoint). Frogs also face changes—their homes are sometimes destroyed. It’s hard to 6. _______________
(imagine) a world without these little helpers.
Scientists study frogs to understand the 7. _______________ (important) of protecting our planet. Even a small
action, like not polluting water, can 8. _______________ (act) as a way to save them. Let’s all do our part
_____________(keep)frogs and nature in balance!
【答案】1.connection 2.appear 3.store 4.favourite
5.disappointed 6.imagine 7.importance 8.act
【分析】章围绕青蛙在生态系统中的作用展开，从青蛙与自然的联系（如雨后青蛙和蘑菇出现、人们用竹
篮储存食物类比青蛙找栖息地 ），谈到人类和青蛙面对 “失去喜爱事物 / 栖息地” 的感受，再延伸到
科学家研究青蛙对保护地球的意义，呼吁大家行动起来保护青蛙、平衡自然。
1.句意：青蛙是在我们的生态系统中扮演____重要角色的神奇生物。根据固定短语 “play an important
role”（在…… 中扮演重要角色），“important” 以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词 “an” 修饰，符合语
法规则和短语搭配。故填 an
2.句意：但你知道它们与自然的联系吗？根据上文提到青蛙在生态系统中的作用，结合提示词 “connect”
可知，此处需用其名词形式表示 “联系”，“connection” 是 “connect” 的名词形式，符合语境。故填
connection。
3.句意：雨后，蘑菇和一些青蛙会出现在花园里。根据 “After rain” 这一语境，结合提示词 “appear” 可
知，此处描述雨后常见的自然现象，用动词原形即可。故填 appear。
4.句意：在一些地方，人们用竹篮来储存食物。根据 “use bamboo baskets” 和提示词 “store” 可知，此处
表示用竹篮的目的是 “储存” 食物，“to” 后接动词原形。故填 store。
5.句意：当我们失去最喜欢的植物或动物时，我们可能会感到失望。结合提示词 “favourite” 可知，此处
需用形容词修饰名词 “plants”，表示 “最喜欢的”，符合语境。故填 favourite。
6.句意：当我们失去最喜欢的植物或动物时，我们可能会感到失望。根据 “feel” 可知此处需用形容词，结
合提示词 “disappoint”，主语是 “we”，应用 “disappointed” 表示 “感到失望的”。故填
disappointed。
7.句意：很难想象一个没有这些小帮手的世界。根据 “it’s hard to” 可知此处需用动词原形，结合提示词
“imagine”，表示 “想象”，符合语境。故填 imagine。
8.句意：科学家研究青蛙是为了理解保护我们星球的重要性。根据 “the...of” 结构可知此处需用名词，结
合提示词 “important”，其名词形式 “importance” 表示 “重要性”，符合语境。故填 importance。
9.句意：即使是一个小小的行动，比如不污染水，也能充当拯救它们的一种方式。根据 “can” 可知此处需
用动词原形，结合提示词 “act”，“act as” 是固定短语表示 “充当”，符合语境。故填 act。
10.句意：让我们都尽自己的一份力，保持青蛙和自然的平衡！根据 “keep frogs and nature in balance” 和语
境可知，此处表示 “保持” 这种平衡的状态，“to” 后接动词原形，“keep” 符合 “保持平衡” 的表达。故填 keep。
五、完型填空
The Little Helpers in Gardens
In my hometown, there’s a small garden full of life. Many creatures live here and 1.________ an important role
in keeping it beautiful.
Every summer, mushrooms 2.________ in the garden after rain. They look like little umbrellas and mean a lot to
the soil—they help make it rich. Kids love to find them, but some are poisonous, so adults always 3.________ them
not to touch.
Frogs also live here. They are not 4.________ a human hand, but they are great helpers. They keep pests
away 5.________ eating insects. This makes the garden safe for flowers to grow.
Once, I put a small frog in my bag by accident. When I checked my 6.________ later, it jumped out! My mom
wasn’t angry—she said frogs 7.________ to our garden’s health.
Scientists do 8.________ on these creatures. They say climate change may 9.________ them. It’s sad to think we
might lose such helpful friends. Let’s all try to protect them, so future kids can also feel the 10 .________of seeing
them in the garden.
1.A. play B. take C. make D. find
2.A. disappear B. appear C. sleep D. work
3.A. add B. use C. tell D. disappoint
4.A. as big as B. as small as C. as heavy as D. as long as
5.A. with B. by C. in D. on
6.A. luggage B. garden C. hometown D. study
7.A. mean a lot B. add a lot C. use a lot D. play a lot
8.A. roles B. studies C. climates D. peas
9.A. help B. protect C. disappoint D. harm
10.A. sadness B. happiness C. anger D. kindness
【答案】 1.A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者家乡花园里的生物（蘑菇、青蛙等）及其在维持花园生态中
的作用，体现了这些小生物与人类生活的紧密联系，呼吁人们保护它们。
1. 句意：许多生物生活在这里，在保持花园美丽方面____重要作用。固定短语 “play an important role
in”（在…… 中起重要作用），符合语境，故选 A。
2 .句意：每年夏天，雨后蘑菇会在花园里____。“mushroom”雨后蘑菇 “出现” 符合自然现象，
“appear”（出现）贴合语境，故选 B。
3. 句意：…… 所以大人们总是____他们不要碰。“tell sb. not to do sth.”（告诉某人不要做某事）符合语
境，提醒孩子不碰毒蘑菇，故选 C。
4. 句意：它们（青蛙）没有____人的手，但它们是很棒的帮手。“as big as a human hand”（和人的手一样大），描述青蛙体型，故选 A。
5 .句意：它们____吃昆虫来赶走害虫。“by eating insects”（通过吃昆虫）表方式，符合青蛙捕食害虫的习
性，故选 B。
6 .句意：后来我检查我的____时，它跳了出来！“in your luggage”（在你的行李里），此处指青蛙意外进
入行李，故选 A。
7. 句意：妈妈不生气 —— 她说青蛙对我们花园的健康____。“mean a lot to”（对…… 意义重大），强调
青蛙对花园的重要性，故选 A。
8 .句意：科学家们对这些生物做____。“in studies on”（在关于…… 的研究中，指科学家研究这些生物，
故选 B。
9 .句意：他们说气候变化可能会____它们。“harm”（伤害）符合语境，气候变化对生物的负面影响，与
“protect” 形成对比，故选 D。
10. 句意：…… 这样未来的孩子也能感受到在花园里看到它们的____。“happiness”（幸福；快乐），看
到这些生物会让人感到快乐，故选 B。
六、阅读还原
The Life of Wild Rabbits
Wild rabbits are common in many places, but their lives are more interesting than you might think. They live in
groups and build underground homes called warrens. 1. _______ These homes keep them safe from predators like
foxes.
In spring, mother rabbits give birth to baby rabbits. 2. _______ The mother leaves them in the warren while she
looks for food, but she returns often to feed them. This is a busy time for her—she has to find enough grass and
vegetables to eat.
Rabbits have strong legs that help them jump far. 3. _______ When they sense danger, they hop away quickly.
They also thump their hind legs on the ground to warn other rabbits, like saying “Be careful!”
In my hometown, rabbits mean a lot to farmers. 4. _______ However, they sometimes eat crops, so farmers have to
find ways to protect their plants without harming the rabbits.
Scientists do studies on rabbits to learn how they adapt to different climates. 5. _______ It’s amazing to see how
these small animals survive and play a role in nature.
A. Baby rabbits are very small, about the size of a pea.
B. They help by eating weeds, which keeps the fields clean.
C. This way, they can live through cold winters and hot summers.
D. These underground homes have many rooms connected by tunnels.
E. They can jump as far as two meters, which helps them escape danger.
【答案】 1. D 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. C
【导语】本文主要介绍了野兔的生活习性，包括它们的居住环境、繁殖情况、生存技能，以及它们与人类
和自然环境的关系，展现了野兔这一动物的独特之处。
1 .根据前文 “They live in groups and build underground homes called warrens.”（它们群居并建造名为 “兔
穴” 的地下家园），此处需进一步描述 “地下家园” 的具体情况。选项 D“These underground homes
have many rooms connected by tunnels.”（这些地下家园有许多由隧道连接的房间）具体说明了兔穴的结构，与 “underground homes” 呼应，解释了兔穴能为它们提供安全保障的原因，符合语境。故选 D。
2. 根据前文 “In spring, mother rabbits give birth to baby rabbits.”（春天，母兔生下幼兔），此处应描述幼
兔的特征。选项 A“Baby rabbits are very small, about the size of a pea.”（幼兔很小，大约和豌豆一样大）用
“about the size of a pea” 形象说明了幼兔的体型，其中 “pea” 是本课词汇，符合语境。故选 A。
3.根据前文 “Rabbits have strong legs that help them jump far.”（兔子有强壮的腿，能跳得很远），此处应
具体说明跳跃能力的作用。选项 E“They can jump as far as two meters, which helps them escape danger.”（它
们能跳两米远，这有助于它们逃离危险）承接 “jump far”，解释了强壮的腿如何帮助兔子应对危险，与野
兔的生存技能相关，符合语境。故选 E。
4 .根据前文 “In my hometown, rabbits mean a lot to farmers.”（在我的家乡，兔子对农民意义重大），此处
应说明兔子对农民的具体帮助。选项 B“They help by eating weeds, which keeps the fields clean.”（它们通过
吃杂草来帮忙，保持田地干净）呼应 “mean a lot to” 这一课短语，解释了兔子对农民重要的原因，符合语
境。故选 B。
5 .根据前文 “Scientists do studies on rabbits to learn how they adapt to different climates.”（科学家研究兔子
以了解它们如何适应不同的气候），此处应说明适应气候的结果。选项 C“This way, they can live through
cold winters and hot summers.”（这样，它们能度过寒冷的冬天和炎热的夏天）承接 “adapt to different
climates”，其中 “climate” 是本课词汇，说明了兔子适应气候后的生存状态，符合语境。故选 C。
七、阅读理解
A
Animals and Their Amazing Lives
Animal Living Place Appearance Food Special Behavior Role in Ecosystem
Red Squirrel Forests, Small (about Nuts, seeds, - Store food in Help spread seeds
especially 20 cm long), mushrooms, tree holes or when they forget
pine trees with red fur young tree bark. under leaves for stored food,
and a bushy winter. - Jump making forests
tail. from tree to tree grow thicker.
(up to 4 meters).
Desert Hare Deserts, dry Long ears (to Grasses, leaves, - Can go without Keep plant growth
grasslands cool down), cacti fruits. water for weeks balanced by eating
light brown by getting old grass, letting
fur; about 50 moisture from new grass grow.
cm long. food. - Run as
fast as 60 km/h
to escape
predators.Woodpecker Forests, tree Black and Insects under - Tap tree trunks Control insect
trunks white feathers, tree bark, tree up to 20 times numbers by eating
strong beak; sap. per second to pests that harm
about 25 cm find food. - trees.
long. Make holes in
trees for nests,
which other birds
use later.
1.What do red squirrels eat?
A. Cacti fruits. B. Insects under
bark.
C. Mushrooms. D. Old grass.
2.How does the desert hare survive without much water?
A. It stores water in tree holes. B. It gets moisture from its food.
C. It drinks water from cacti. D. It runs fast to find rivers.
3.Why do woodpeckers tap tree trunks?
A. To make nests for other birds. B. To spread seeds.
C. To find insects to eat. D. To cool down their ears.
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.C
【导语】本文通过表格形式介绍了红松鼠、沙漠野兔和啄木鸟三种动物的生活场所、外形、食物、特殊行
为以及它们在生态系统中的作用，展现了这些动物的独特之处。
1.细节理解题解析：根据表格 “Red Squirrel” 一行的 “Food” 可知，红松鼠的食物包括 “Nuts, seeds,
mushrooms, young tree bark”，其中明确提到了蘑菇，故选 C。
2.细节理解题解析：表格中沙漠野兔的 “Special Behavior” 提到 “Can go without water for weeks by getting
moisture from food”，即通过食物获取水分来在缺水环境中生存，故选 B。
3.细节理解题解析：根据 “Woodpecker” 的 “Special Behavior” 可知，啄木鸟 “Tap tree trunks up to 20
times per second to find food”，而它的食物是 “Insects under tree bark”，所以敲击树干是为了找昆虫
吃，故选 C。
B
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。
Beavers: Nature’s Engineers
Beavers are amazing animals that live near rivers and lakes. They have strong teeth to cut down trees and flat
tails to swim. But their most special skill is building dams—walls made of wood, stones, and mud. These dams
create ponds, which become homes for many other animals like fish, birds, and frogs.
Beavers work hard to keep their dams strong. They add more wood or mud when needed, like engineers fixing abridge. The ponds they build also help plants grow. When rain comes, the dams slow down the water, preventing
floods. In dry seasons, the stored water keeps the land green.
Sadly, beavers are losing their homes because people cut down forests and build cities. This makes it hard for
them to find trees to build dams. Without beavers, many ponds dry up, and other animals lose their homes too.
It’s important for us to protect beavers. We can leave some trees near rivers for them to use. By doing this, we
help keep the ecosystem balanced—just like the beavers do.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1.What do beavers use to build dams?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2.How do the ponds created by beavers help during dry seasons?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
3.Why is it hard for beavers to build dams now?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
4.What can we do to protect beavers?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
5.Besides beavers, what other animal do you think plays an important role in nature? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1.They use wood, stones, and mud.
2.The stored water keeps the land green.
3.Because people cut down forests and build cities, so beavers can’t find enough trees.
4.We can leave some trees near rivers for them to use.
5.（开放性答案示例）I think bees play an important role. They carry pollen from flower to flower, helping plants
reproduce. Without bees, many fruits and vegetables wouldn’t grow.
【导语】本文介绍了海狸这一被称为 “自然界工程师” 的动物，讲述了它们建造水坝的技能、水坝的作
用，以及海狸目前面临的生存困境和保护它们的方法。
1.解析：根据短文第一段 “their most special skill is building dams—walls made of wood, stones, and mud” 可
知，海狸用木头、石头和泥土建水坝。
2.解析：第二段提到 “In dry seasons, the stored water keeps the land green”，说明水坝储存的水在旱季能保
持土地湿润。
3.解析：第三段指出 “beavers are losing their homes because people cut down forests and build cities. This
makes it hard for them to find trees to build dams”，即人类活动导致海狸缺少建坝的树木。
4.解析：最后一段提到保护措施 “We can leave some trees near rivers for them to use”。
5.（开放性答案示例）I think bees play an important role. They carry pollen from flower to flower, helping plants
reproduce. Without bees, many fruits and vegetables wouldn’t grow.
解析：本题鼓励结合生活常识回答，只要说出一种动物及其在自然界中的作用即可，体现对 “动物与生
态” 关系的理解。
