文档内容
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
课时 4 Section B (1a-1f) 分层作业
核心知识速记 01 基础达标 02 能力提升 03 拓展培优 0 4 思维进阶
词汇
1.connect /kə'nekt/v. 关联；连接 2.without /wɪ'ðaʊt/prep. 没
有；缺乏
connected /kə'nektɪd/adj. 连接的；相关的
3.imagine /ɪ'mædʒɪn/v. 想象；猜想 4.honey /'hʌni/n. 蜂蜜；（爱
称）亲爱的
5.disappointed /ˌdɪsə'pɔɪntɪd/adj. 失望的；沮丧的 6.connection /kə'nekʃn/n. 联系；连接
7.pollination /ˌpɒlə'neɪʃn/n. 授粉 8.pollen /'pɒlən/n. 花粉
9.action /'ækʃn/n. 行动；行为 10.per cent /pə'sent/ (=
percent)n. 百分之……
adj. & adv. 每一百中
11.planet /'plænɪt/n. 行星 12.store /stɔː(r)/v. 贮
存；存储n. 百货商店；商店
13.honeycomb /'hʌnikəʊm/n. 蜂巢 14.communicate
/kə'mjuːnɪkeɪt/v. 交流；沟通
15.ecosystem /'iːkəʊsɪstəm/n. 生态系统 16.protect /prə'tekt/v. 保护；防护
17.importance /ɪm'pɔːtns/n. 重要性 18.title /'taɪtl/n. 标题；题目；
名称
19.human /'hjuːmən/n. 人adj. 人的；人类的 20.ant /ænt/n. 蚂蚁
句型
描述特征 :Bees are one of the most important animals on this planet.（蜜蜂是地球上最重要的动物之一 ）
假设情境:Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits...
（假设你去所在区域的超市，但几乎没有水果…… ）
W ithout their work , about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.（没有它们的工作.. ）
动作描述:As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them.
（当它们从一朵花飞到另一朵花时，会携带花粉 ）
It uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is.
（它用舞蹈告诉同伴食物的位置和距离 ）一、单词默写。
1.________________/kə'nekt/v. 关联；连接 2.________________ /wɪ'ðaʊt/prep.
没有；缺乏
________________ /kə'nektɪd/adj. 连接的；相关的
3.________________/ɪ'mædʒɪn/v. 想象；猜想 4.______________ /'hʌni/n. 蜂蜜；
（爱称）亲爱的
5.________________ /ˌdɪsə'pɔɪntɪd/adj. 失望的；沮丧的 6.________________/kə'nekʃn/n. 联系；连接
7.________________/ˌpɒlə'neɪʃn/n. 授粉 8.________________/'pɒlən/n.
花粉
9.________________/'ækʃn/n. 行动；行为 10.________________ /pə'sent/ (=
percent)
n. 百分之……adj. & adv. 每一百中
11.________________/'plænɪt/n. 行星 12.______________/stɔː(r)/v.
贮存；存储
n. 百货商店；商店
13.________________/'hʌnikəʊm/n. 蜂巢 14.________________
/kə'mjuːnɪkeɪt/v. 交流；沟通
15.________________/'iːkəʊsɪstəm/n. 生态系统 16.________________/prə'tekt/v. 保
护；防护
17._________________ /ɪm'pɔːtns/n. 重要性 18.________________ /'taɪtl/n. 标
题；题目；名称
19._________________ /'hjuːmən/n. 人adj. 人的；人类的 20._________________ /ænt/n. 蚂蚁
【答案】1.connect connected 2.without 3.imagine 4.honey 5.disappointed 6.connection
7.pollination 8.pollen 9.action 10.per cent 11.planet 12.store
13.honeycomb 14.communicate 15.ecosystem 16.protect
17.importance 18.title 19.human 20.ant
二、词组默写。
1.在此刻__________________________________ 2.互相，彼此_________________________________
3.最好的例子之一__________________________ 4.从一朵花飞到另一朵花_______________________
5.带上花粉________________________________ 6.实际上_____________________________________
7.没有他们的工作__________________________ 8.80%的植物_________________________________
9.出于这个原因 ___________________________ 10.最有趣的动物之一__________________________
11.例如___________________________________ 12.努力工作__________________________________13.为了；以便_____________________________ 14.与…联系__________________________________
15.参与某事 _______________________________ 16.…的数目__________________________________
17. 与 … … 相 连 ____________________________ 18. 是 … … 的 家 乡
_____________________________
【答案】1.At this moment 2.each other 3.one of the best examples 4.fly from one flower to another
5.take pollen with 6.in fact 7.without their work 8.80 percent of the plants
9.for this reason 10.one of the most interesting animals 11.for example
12.work hard 13.in order to 14.communicate with 15. play a part
(in sth)
16.the number of 17. be connected with /to
18.be home to sb /sth
三、根据要求完成句子
1.Bees ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in pollination, which helps many plants grow. （在…… 中起作
用）
2.______ ______, we can’t finish the project on time without their support. （事实上）
3.Birds ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ to find food and build new homes every spring. （从一朵花飞到
另一朵花）
4.Pandas and bamboo ______ closely ______ ______ each other in the ecosystem. （与…… 相连）
5.______ ______ ______ ______ ____ students in our class like playing basketball after school. （…… 的 80%
6.Many animals use sounds or body language to ______ ______ their partners. （与…… 交流）
【答案】1.play a part in 2.In fact 3.fly from one flower to another
4.are; connected with 5.80 percent of 6.communicate with
四 、选词填空
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。
interestingtocommunicatenumberimportantamazinghard-workingroletakewithout
Bees: Nature's Little Helpers
Bees are 1.______ insects. From early morning till late evening, they fly around to collect nectar and pollen,
never stopping to rest. They have a necessary2.______ in the ecosystem(生态系统). Every time they fly from
flower to flower, they 3.______ pollen on their bodies, and when they land on another flower, this pollen helps the
plant produce seeds and fruit. 4.______ bees, many of the fruits and vegetables we eat every day, like apples and
tomatoes, would not exist.Bees are among the 5.______ creatures on Earth. They live in large groups called colonies, where each bee has
its own job. Some bees build the hive, some take care of the baby bees, and others collect food. They even make
honeycombs 6.______ store the sweet honey they produce. What's more, a bee can 7.______ with other bees in a
special way—when it finds a good place with lots of flowers, it does a little dance to tell the others where the food
is.
However, in recent years, the 8.______ of bees has been decreasing. This is because their homes are being
destroyed, and harmful chemicals are being used in fields. It's 9.______ to protect these little creatures. Not only
do they help plants grow, but they also give us delicious honey. Bees are truly 10.______ friends of humans, and
we must do our best to keep them safe.
【答案】
1.hard-working 2.role 3.take 4.Without 5. most interesting
6.to 7.communicate 8.number 9.important 10.amazing
【导语】
本文围绕蜜蜂展开，介绍了蜜蜂的勤劳、在生态系统中的重要作用、有趣的生活习性以及目前数量减少的
现状和保护的必要性。
第 1 空：句意为 “蜜蜂是______的昆虫”。结合后文 “从清晨到傍晚，它们四处飞舞采集花蜜和花粉，
从不停歇休息”，可知蜜蜂很勤劳，所以选 “hard-working”（勤劳的）。
第 2 空：句意为 “它们在生态系统中扮演着必要的_______”。从后文蜜蜂传粉帮助植物生长等内容可
知，这个角色很关键，“role”（角色）符合语境。
第 3 空：句意为 “每次它们从一朵花飞到另一朵花时，身上会______花粉”。根据常识和语境，蜜蜂会
携带花粉，“take”（携带）符合句意。
第 4 空：句意为 “______蜜蜂，我们每天吃的许多水果和蔬菜，比如苹果和西红柿，就不会存在”。没
有蜜蜂传粉，这些植物无法结果，“Without”（没有）符合逻辑。
第 5 空：句意为 “蜜蜂是地球上______生物之一”。后文介绍了蜜蜂群体中分工明确、用舞蹈交流等有
趣的特点，“most interesting”（最有趣的）能体现这一点。
第 6 空：句意为 “它们甚至建造蜂巢______储存它们生产的甜蜂蜜”。此处表示目的，“to”（为了）符
合 “build...to do sth” 的结构。
第 7 空：句意为 “更重要的是，当一只蜜蜂找到有很多花的好地方时，它会用跳舞的方式和其他蜜蜂
______”。跳舞是为了传递信息，“communicate”（交流）符合语境。
第 8 空：句意为 “然而，近年来，蜜蜂的______一直在减少”。“the number of” 表示 “…… 的数
量”，修饰可数名词复数 “bees”，“number”（数量）正确。
第 9 空：句意为 “保护这些小生物是______”。结合前文蜜蜂的重要作用，保护它们很重要，
“important”（重要的）符合句意。
第 10 空：句意为 “蜜蜂确实是人类______的朋友”。蜜蜂对人类有很多帮助，很了不起，“amazing”
（令人惊叹的）能体现这种情感五、完型填空。
A Day in the Life of a Zoo Keeper
Working as a zoo keeper is both tiring and rewarding. Every morning, I arrive at the zoo before the sun rises. My
first job is to check on all the animals to make sure they are 1 and healthy. I start with the pandas, who are always
hungry. They love eating bamboo, so I prepare a large amount of it 2 their breakfast.
Next, I move to the bird area. The colorful parrots often 3 to me loudly as I walk by. They are smart creatures
and can even learn to 4 simple words. I fill their water bowls and clean their cages to keep them 5.
In the afternoon, I help feed the lions. They are strong and powerful, but they are also 6 when they are full. I have
to be careful when giving them meat, always keeping a safe distance. 7, the giraffes are much calmer. They stretch
their long necks to 8 leaves from the tall trees in their enclosure.
Some days, school groups visit the zoo. I enjoy talking to the children about the animals. I tell them how each
species is 9 to the others in the ecosystem. It’s important for them to learn that we must 10 animals and their homes.
By the end of the day, I’m always tired, but seeing the animals happy makes it all worth it.
1.A. happy B. angry C. sad D. lazy
2.A. with B. for C. from D. about
3.A. sing B. shout C. cry D. whisper
4.A. speak B. tell C. say D. talk
5.A. dirty B. busy C. clean D. quiet
6.A. dangerous B. friendly C. scary D. noisy
7.A. However B. Also C. So D. Because
8.A. pick B. make C. buy D. sell
9.A. connected B. different C. same D. strange
10.A. harm B. protect C. kill D. catch
【答案】1.A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. B
第 1 空句意：每天早上，我会检查所有动物，确保它们______且健康。
分析：选项 A（happy，开心的）、B（angry，生气的）、C（sad，难过的）、D（lazy，懒惰的）中，与
“healthy（健康的）” 并列的应是积极状态。饲养员的工作目标是让动物状态良好，“开心” 符合语
境，其他选项均为负面或无关描述，故选 A。
第 2 空句意：熊猫喜欢吃竹子，所以我为它们的早餐准备了大量竹子。
分析：选项 A（with，和…… 一起）、B（for，为了）、C（from，来自）、D（about，关于）中，
“prepare sth. for...” 是固定搭配，意为 “为…… 准备某物”，此处表示 “为早餐准备竹子”，故选 B
第 3 空句意：当我走过时，色彩鲜艳的鹦鹉经常对着我大声______。
分析：选项 A（sing，唱歌）、B（shout，喊叫）、C（cry，哭泣）、D（whisper，低语）中，“loudly
（大声地）” 提示动作具有音量大的特点。鹦鹉的习性是活泼好动、叫声洪亮，“shout” 符合 “大声喊
叫” 的场景，“sing” 通常指有旋律的歌唱，鹦鹉较少有此表现，故选 B。
第 4 空句意：它们是聪明的生物，甚至能学会______简单的词语。分析：选项 A（speak，说，后接语言）、B（tell，告诉，接双宾语）、C（say，说，后接内容）、D
（talk，谈论，接 with/to/about）中，“simple words（简单词语）” 是具体内容，“say” 强调说出的具体
话语，符合 “说词语” 的表达，故选 C。
第 5 空句意：我装满它们的水盆，清理笼子，以保持它们______。
分析：选项 A（dirty，脏的）、B（busy，忙碌的）、C（clean，干净的）、D（quiet，安静的）中，
“clean their cages（清理笼子）” 的目的是让动物处于洁净环境，“干净” 是直接结果，其他选项与
“清理” 动作无关，故选 C。
第 6 空句意：狮子强壮而有力量，但它们吃饱后也会______。
分析：选项 A（dangerous，危险的）、B（friendly，友善的）、C（scary，可怕的）、D（noisy，吵闹
的）中，“but（但是）” 表转折，前文描述狮子 “strong and powerful（强壮有力）”，暗示其有潜在威
胁，转折后应是温和状态。“友善” 符合 “吃饱后无攻击性” 的逻辑，其他选项均与转折关系矛盾，
故选 B。
第 7 空句意：______，长颈鹿要平静得多。
分析：选项 A（However，然而）、B（Also，也）、C（So，所以）、D（Because，因为）中，前文讲狮
子 “需要保持安全距离”，后文说长颈鹿 “平静得多”，两者形成对比，“However” 表转折，符合逻
辑；其他选项分别表并列、因果，与语境不符，故选 A。
第 8 空句意：它们伸长脖子从围栏里的高树上______树叶。
分析：选项 A（pick，采摘）、B（make，制作）、C（buy，购买）、D（sell，售卖）中，长颈鹿的习性
是用长脖子取食树叶，“pick” 表示 “采摘、摘取”，符合 “从树上取树叶” 的动作，其他选项与动物
行为无关，故选 A。
第 9 空句意：我告诉他们，生态系统中每个物种都与其他物种______。
分析：选项 A（connected，关联的）、B（different，不同的）、C（same，相同的）、D（strange，陌生
的）中，生态系统的特点是物种间相互依存，“be connected to” 表示 “与…… 关联”，符合 “物种间
相互联系” 的科学事实，其他选项均不符合生态逻辑，故选 A。
第 10 空句意：对他们来说，了解我们必须______动物及其家园很重要。
分析：选项 A（harm，伤害）、B（protect，保护）、C（kill，杀死）、D（catch，捕捉）中，文章主题
是动物园饲养员对动物的关爱，且前文强调物种间的关联，因此传递的是 “保护动物” 的理念，其他选
项均为破坏行为，与主题矛盾，故选 B。
六、阅读理解
A
The Amazing Journey of Arctic Terns
Arctic terns are small birds with a big adventure. Every year, they travel from the Arctic to the Antarctic and
back—this is the longest migration of any animal on Earth. The round trip can be over 70,000 kilometers!
Why do they make such a long journey? In summer, the Arctic is full of daylight, and there are plenty of insects
for them to eat. They lay their eggs there. When winter comes, the Arctic gets dark and cold, so the terns fly southto the Antarctic, where it is summer and food is still easy to find.
The journey is not easy. They must fly over oceans and deserts, facing strong winds and hungry predators. But
Arctic terns are smart. They follow the sun and stars to find their way. They also fly in groups to stay safe.
Scientists are amazed by these birds. Their bodies are built for long flights—they have strong wings and light
bones. Even young terns can make the journey without their parents guiding them. This amazing ability has helped
them survive for millions of years.
阅读理解题
1.How long is the round-trip migration of Arctic terns?
A. Over 7,000 kilometers. B. Over 70,000 kilometers.
C. Over 700,000 kilometers. D. Over 17,000 kilometers.
2.The underlined word “predators” in Paragraph 3 means ______ in Chinese.
A. 伙伴 B. 天敌 C. 同类
D. 向导
3.Why do Arctic terns fly to the Arctic in summer?
A. To avoid the hot weather. B. To find dark places to rest.
C. To lay eggs and find food. D. To learn to fly long distances.
4.How do Arctic terns find their way during the journey?
A. By following other birds’ sounds. B. By using the sun and stars.
C. By remembering the mountains. D. By smelling the ocean winds.
5.What can we infer from the passage?
A. Arctic terns are the largest birds in the world.B. Young Arctic terns need their parents to guide them.
C. Arctic terns’ bodies are well-suited for long flights.
D. The journey from the Arctic to the Antarctic is getting shorter.
【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.B5.C
【导语】本文介绍了北极燕鸥令人惊叹的迁徙之旅，包括迁徙距离、原因、途中的挑战以及它们具备的适
应长途飞行的能力。文章围绕动物迁徙这一主题，展现了北极燕鸥的生存智慧，符合八年级上册对自然生
物话题的学习要求。
第 1 题：细节理解题。考查对北极燕鸥往返迁徙距离这一具体信息的提取，文中第一段明确提到 “The
round trip can be over 70,000 kilometers”，可直接找到答案，故选 B。
第 2 题：词义猜测题。需要结合上下文语境，根据 “facing strong winds and hungry predators” 可知，迁徙
途中会遇到各种危险，“hungry” 提示该事物具有威胁性，由此推测 “predators” 意为 “天敌”，故选
B。
第 3 题：细节理解题。考查北极燕鸥夏季飞往北极的原因，文中第二段指出 “In summer, the Arctic is full
of daylight, and there are plenty of insects for them to eat. They lay their eggs there”，即去那里觅食和产卵，故
选 C。
第 4 题：细节理解题。考查北极燕鸥在迁徙途中辨别方向的方式，文中第三段提到 “They follow the sun
and stars to find their way”，可直接找到对应内容，故选 B。第 5 题：推理判断题。文中最后一段提到 “Their bodies are built for long flights—they have strong wings
and light bones”，根据这些对北极燕鸥身体构造的描述，可推断出其身体适应长途飞行，故选 C。
B
How Animal Migration Helps Ecosystems
Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year—this is called migration. Migration is
not just a journey for the animals; it plays a vital role in keeping ecosystems healthy.
For example, in Africa, millions of wildebeests migrate across the plains. As they move, they eat old grass, which
allows new grass to grow. Their droppings also fertilize the soil. When predators like lions hunt the wildebeests,
they keep the herd’s numbers balanced.
Birds that migrate help spread seeds. As they eat fruits, the seeds pass through their bodies and are dropped in
new areas. This helps plants grow in different places, creating more homes for other animals. Even insects like
butterflies migrate to carry pollen, which helps flowers reproduce.
However, migration is becoming harder for many animals. Climate change is altering weather patterns, and
human buildings block their paths. Protecting migration routes is crucial to save both the animals and the
ecosystems they support.
1.What is migration according to the passage?
A. Animals’ daily activities in their home.
B. Animals’ movement between places at certain times.
C. Animals’ fight against predators.
D. Animals’ way of communicating with each other.
2.The underlined word “fertilize” in Paragraph 2 means ______ in Chinese.
A. 污染 B. 破坏 C. 肥沃
D. 占用
3.Why is migration important for ecosystems?
A. It helps animals find better homes. B. It stops predators from growing too fast.
C. It balances nature in many ways. D. It allows humans to study animal behavior.
4.How do migrating birds help plants?
A. They eat harmful insects on plants. B. They carry seeds to new areas.
C. They build nests in tall trees. D. They drink water from plant leaves.
5.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Human activities make migration easier. B. Climate change has no effect on migration.
C. Protecting migration routes is necessary. D. Most animals have stopped migrating.
【答案】1.B2.C3.C4.B5.C
【导语】本文探讨了动物迁徙对生态系统的重要作用，通过列举角马、鸟类、蝴蝶等的例子，说明迁徙在
维持生态平衡中的多种作用，同时也提到了迁徙面临的挑战。文章从生态系统的角度出发，拓展了对动物
行为的认识，符合八年级上册的学习范畴。
第 1 题：细节理解题。考查对 “migration” 这一概念的理解，文中第一段定义 “Many animals move fromone place to another at certain times of the year—this is called migration”，可从文中找到定义，故选 B。
第 2 题：词义猜测题。结合上下文，角马的粪便对土壤有积极作用，再根据常识，粪便能使土壤变得肥
沃，由此推测 “fertilize” 意为 “肥沃”，故选 C。
第 3 题：主旨大意题。考查动物迁徙对生态系统重要性的整体理解，文中列举了角马迁徙促进草生长、鸟
类传播种子等多个例子，说明迁徙从多方面平衡自然，需要综合这些例子进行概括，故选 C。
第 4 题：细节理解题。考查迁徙的鸟类对植物的帮助，文中第三段提到 “Birds that migrate help spread
seeds. As they eat fruits, the seeds pass through their bodies and are dropped in new areas”，即鸟类将种子带到新
区域，故选 B。
第 5 题：推理判断题。文中最后一段提到 “migration is becoming harder for many animals. Climate change
is altering weather patterns, and human buildings block their paths. Protecting migration routes is crucial”，根据这
些关于迁徙面临的困难及保护迁徙路线的重要性的内容，可推断出保护迁徙路线是必要的，故选 C。
