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2012 年 12 月大学英语四级阅读真题(2)
PartⅣ Reading Comprehension(Reading inDepth) (25 minutes)
SectionA
Direction: Inthis section,thereis apassagewith 10blanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword
for each blank from a list of choices given in a word blank following the passage. Read the
passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the blank is identified
by a letter. Please make the corresponding letter for each item on Answer sheet 2 with a
single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more
UU
thanonce.
Questions47to 56arebased on thefollowing passage.
French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and
dinnersformillionsofAmericanyoungsters.But 47 acuefromhealthexperts,agroupof19
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restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time
when 48 isgrowingovertheroleoffastfoodinchildhoodobesity(肥胖症).
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BurgerKing, thenation’ssecond-largestfastfoodchain,forinstance,will 49 automatically
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including French fries and soda in its kids’meals starting this month, although they will still be
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50 . Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they 51
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suchoptionsasmilk orsliced applesbeforeassemblingthemeals. “We’reasking thecustomers to
52 what they want,” said Craig Prusher, the chain’s vice president of government relations.
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Otherparticipatingchains,witha 53 ofmenuoptions,includingDenny’s,Chili’s,Friendly’s
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andChevy’s.
As partofthe Kids LiveWellcampaign-expected to beannounced 54 Wednesday —
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participating restaurantsmustpromise to offeratleastonechildren’s mealthathasfewer than 600
calories(卡路里), nosoftdrinks andatleasttwo 55 fromthe followingfoodgroups:fruits,
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vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements, they must
offera sidedish thatmeets similar 56 ;with fewerthan200caloriesandless than35%ofits
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caloriesfromsugar.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A)adapt I)prefer
B)available J)recommending
C)begin K)species
D)concern L)specify
E)criteria M)stop
F)items N)taking
G)nationwide O)variety
H)possible
Section B
淘宝店铺：https://shop499712503.taobao.com/ 店主旺旺：慧园文化Directions: Thereare2passagesin this section.Eachpassageis followed bysome questionsor
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You
shoulddecideonthe bestchoiceandmarkthe correspondingletter onAnswer sheet 2with
asinglelinethroughthecenter.
PassageOne
Questions 57to 61arebased onthe followingpassage.
As you are probably aware, the latest job markets news isn’t good: Unemployment is still
more than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That’s bad for the economy, of
course.And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to
changecareersrightnow.Butitactuallyshouldn’tmattertoyounearlyasmuchasyouthink.
That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover
(人员更替) data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due to promotions, resignations,
terminations(解雇),andretirements.(Yes,peopleareretiringeveninthiseconomy.)Inbothgood
times andbad, turnover creates more openings than economic growth does.Even in Juneof 2007,
when the economy was still moving ahead, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7
million!
Andasitturnsout,eventoday — withjobgrowthnearzero — over4millionjobhunters
arebeinghiredeverymonth.
Idon’tmeantoimplythatoveralljobgrowthdoesn’thaveanimpactonone’sabilitytoland
a job. It’s true that if total employment were higher, it would mean more jobs for all of us to
choose from (and compete for). And it’s true that there are currently more people applying for
eachavailablejobopening,regardlessofwhetherit’sanewoneornot.
But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to
staymotivated.They’re willingtodothehardworkofidentifyingtheirvaluableskills;becreative
about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep
going, even after repeated rejections. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million
peoplewhowantedandwereavailableforworkhadn’tlookedwithinthelastfourweeksandwere
nolongerevenclassifiedasunemployed.
So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up. Four million people get hired every
monthintheU.S.Youcanbeoneofthem.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57.Theauthortendstobelievethathighunemploymentrate .
[A]deprivesmanypeopleofjobopportunities
[B]preventsmanypeoplefromchangingcareers
[C]shouldnotstoppeoplefromlookingforajob
[D]doesnotmeantheU.S.economyisworsening
58.Wheredomostjobopeningscomefrom?
[A]Jobgrowth. [B]Jobturnover. [C]Improvedeconomy. [D]Businessexpansion.
淘宝店铺：https://shop499712503.taobao.com/ 店主旺旺：慧园文化59.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutoveralljobgrowth?
[A]Itdoesn’thavemucheffectonindividualjobseekers.
[B]Itincreasespeople’sconfidenceintheeconomy.
[C]Itgivesarayofhopetotheunemployed.
[D]Itdoesn’tmeangreaterjobsecurityfortheemployed.
60.Whatisthekeytolandingajobaccordingtotheauthor?
[A]Education. [B]Intelligence. [C]Persistence. [D]Experience.
61.WhatdowelearnfromthepassageabouttheunemploymentfiguresintheU.S.?
[A]Theyclearlyindicatehowhealthytheeconomyis.
[B]Theyprovidethepublicwiththelatestinformation.
[C]Theywarnofthestructuralproblemsintheeconomy.
[D]Theyexcludethosewhohavestoppedlookingforajob.
PassageTwo
Questions 62to 66arebased onthe followingpassage.
Ourrisk ofcancerrises dramatically as weage. So itmakes sense thattheelderly shouldbe
routinelyscreenedfornewtumors—ordoesn’tit?
While such vigilant (警觉的) tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are
increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the
percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the
healthbenefitsofscreeningagainsttherisksandcostsofroutinetesting.
In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers
themselvesmaybeslow-growingandmaynotposeserioushealthproblems inpatients’remaining
years.Butthemessage thateveryonemustscreenforcancerhasbecomesodeep-rootedthatwhen
health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast
cancer,itcausedariotousreactionamongdoctors,patientsandadvocacygroups.
It’s hard to uprootdeeply held beliefs aboutcancer screeningwith scientific data. Certainly,
there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained
several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other
risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease,
should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while
increasedattheendoflife, mustbebalancedwith otherfactors likeremaininglife expectancy(预
期寿命).
Arecent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will
truly benefit from screening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon
swellourpopulation.
It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis
Brawleysaid, “Manydoctorsareorderingscreeningtestspurelytocoverthemselves.Weneedto
thinkabouttherationaluseofhealthcare.”
That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the
misguidedbeliefthatwhenitcomestohealthcare,moreisalwaysbetter.
淘宝店铺：https://shop499712503.taobao.com/ 店主旺旺：慧园文化注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62.Whydodoctorsrecommendroutinecancerscreeningforelderlypeople?
[A]Itisbelievedtocontributetolonglife.
[B]Itispartoftheirhealthcarepackage.
[C]Theelderlyaremoresensitiveabouttheirhealth.
[D]Theelderlyareingreaterdangeroftumorgrowth.
63.Howdosomeresearchersnowlookatroutinecancerscreeningfortheelderly?
[A]Itaddstoomuchtotheirmedicalbills. [B]Ithelpsincreasetheirlifeexpectancy.
[C]Theyaredoubtfulaboutitsnecessity. [D]Theythinkitdoesmoreharmthangood.
64.Whatistheconventionalviewaboutwomenscreeningforbreastcancer?
[A]Itappliestowomenover50. [B]Itisamustforadultwomen.
[C]Itisoptionalforyoungwomen. [D]Itdoesn’tapplytowomenover74.
65.Whydomanydoctorsprescriberoutinescreeningforcancer?
[A]Theywanttoprotectthemselvesagainstmedicaldisputes.
[B]Theywanttotakeadvantageofthemedicalcaresystem.
[C]Theywantdataformedicalresearch.
[D]Theywanttheirpatientstosufferless.
66.Whatdoestheauthorsayisthegeneralviewabouthealthcare?
[A]Themore,thebetter. [B]Preventionisbetterthancure.
[C]Betterearlythanlate. [D]Bettercare,longerlife.
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