文档内容
2013 年 6 月四级阅读真题(第 2 套)
PartIII ReadingComprehension (40 minutes)
SectionA
Directions: In this section, thereis apassagewith ten blanks.You arerequiredto selectonewordfor each blank
from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before
making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank
morethanonce.
Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires
no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the___36_____risk of injury. The human body is
designedto wall.Youcanwalk in parks oralong a river orin your neighborhood.Toget___37_____benefitfrom
walking,aimfor45minutesaday,anaverageoffivedaysaweek.
Strength training is another important___38_____of .physical activity. Its purpose is to build
and____39____ bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength
trainingtwoorthreedaysaweek,___40_____recoverydaysbetweensessions.
Finally,flexibility andbalancetrainingare___41_____importantasthebodyages.Achesandpains,arehigh
on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them
are___42_____, and simple flexibility training can____43____these by making muscles stronger and keeping
jointslubricated (润滑).Some ofthis you dowhenever youstretch. Ifyou watchdogs andcats,you'llgetanidea
ofhownaturalitis.The general ___44_____issimple:whenever the bodyhas beeninoneposition fora while,
itisgoodto___45_____stretchitinanoppositeposition.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A)allowing I)maintain
B)avoidable J)maximum
C)briefly K)prevent
D)component L)principle
E)determined M)provoke
F)helping N)seriously
G)increasingly O)topic
H)lowest
SectionB
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement
contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is
derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the
questionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
CanDigitalTextbooksTrulyReplacethePrintKind?
A)The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: For starters they're heavy, with the
average physics textbookweighing 3.6pounds.They're also expensive, especiallywhenyou factor inthe average
college student's limited budget, typically costing hundreds of dollars every semester. But the worst part is that
print versions of textbooks are constantly undergoing revisions. Many professors require that their students use
onlythe latest versions in the classroom, essentially rendering older texts unusable. For students, it means they're
basicallystuckwithafourpoundpaperweightthattheyCan'tsellback.
B)Which is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help ease many of these
shortcomings.Buttillnow,they'vebeensomethinglikeamirage(幻影)inthedistance,morelikeahazy(模糊的)
淘宝店铺：https://shop499712503.taobao.com/ 店主旺旺：慧园文化dream than an actual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all your textbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad ? It Sounds
almost too good to be true. But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition (过渡) over to digital
books. Universities likeCornell.andBrownhave jumpedonboard.Andonemedicalprogram attheUniversity of
California,Irvine,gavetheirentireclassiPadswithwhichtodownloadtextbooksjustlastyear.
C)But not all were eager to jump aboard. "People were tired of using the iPad textbook besides using it for
reading," says Kalpit Shah, who will be going into his second year at Irvine's medical program this fall. "They
weren'tusingitasasourceofcommunication becausetheycouldn't readorwrite in it. So athird ofthe-peoplein
my program were using the iPad in class to take notes, the other third were using laptops and the last third were
using paper and pencil." The reason it hasn't caught on yet, he tells me, is that the functionality of e-edition
textbooksisincrediblylimited,andsomestudentsjustaren'tmotivatedtolearnnewstudybehavior.
D)ButanewapplicationcalledInldingmightchangeallthat.Thecompanyjustreleasedanupdatedversion
lastweek,andit'llbeutilizedinover50undergraduateandgraduateclassroomsthiscomingschoolyear."Digital
textbooksarenotgoingtocatchon,"saysInklingCEOMattMacInnisashe'sgivingmeademo(演示)over
coffee."WhatImeanbythatisthecurrentperspectiveofthedigitaltextbookisit'sanexactcopyoftheprint
book.There'sCourseSmart,etc.,theseguyswhotakeanimageofthepageandputitonascreen.Ifthat'show
we'redefiningdigitaltextbooks,there'snohopeofthatbecomingamainstreamproduct."HecallsInklinga
platformforpublisherstobuildrichmultimediacontentfromthegroundup,withaheavyemphasisonreal-world
functionality.Thetraditionaltextbookmerelyserves.asaskeleton.
E)At first glance Inkling is an impressive experience.After swiping (触击) into the iPad app (应用软件),
whichyou canget for freehere, heopens upa few differenttypes of textbooks. Up first is achemistry book.The
boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through (浏览) a few chapters before swiping into afully rendered 3D
molecule that can be spun around to view its various building blocks. "Publishers give us all of the source
media, artwork, videos," he says. "We help them think through how to actually build something for this
platform." Next he pulls up a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos. It's a learning
experience that attacks you from multiple sensory directions. It's clear why this would be something a music
majorwouldlove.
F)But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is its notation (批注) system. Here's how it works: When
youpurchaseausedprintbook,itcomes withits previous owner'shighlights andnotesinthemargins. It usesthe
experience of someone who already went through the class to help improve your reading (how much you trust
each notation is obviously up to you). But with Inkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes.
Here's where things get interesting, though: If a particularly important passage is highlighted by multiple Inkling
users, that information is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone reading the same textbook to come
across. That means users have access to notes from not only their classmates and Facebook friends, but anyone
who purchased the book across the country. The best comments are then Sorted democratically by a voting
system, meaning that your social learning experience is shared with the best and brightest thinkers. As a bonus,
professors can even chime in (插话) on discussions.They'll beable to answer" the questions ofstudents who are
intheirclassdirectlyviatheinteractiveb6ok.
G)Of course, Inkling addresses Several of the other shortcomings in traditional print, as well. Textbook
versions are constantly updated, motivating publishers by minimizing production costs (the big ones like
McGraw-Hill are already onboard). Furthermore, students will be able to purchase sections of the text instead of
buyingthewholething,withindividualchapterscostingaslittleas$2.99.
H) There are, however, challenges. "It takes efforts to build each book," MacInnis tells me.And it's clear
why. Each interactive textbook is a media-heavy experience built from the ground up, and you can tell that it
takes a respectable amount of manpower to put together each one. For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, and
though a few of these educational institutions are giving the hardware away for free, for other students who don't
havesuchaluxuryit'sanaddedlayerofcost--andanexpensiveoneatthat.
I)Butthismuchisclear:Thetraditionaltextbookmodelisandhasbeenbrokenforquitesometime.Whether
淘宝店铺：https://shop499712503.taobao.com/ 店主旺旺：慧园文化digitally interactive ones like Inkling actually take off or not remains to be seen, and we probably won't have a
defmite answer for the next few years. However, the solution to any problem begins with a step in a direction.
Andat.leastfornow,thathazymirageinthedistance?Alittlemoretangible(可触摸的)，alittlelessofadream.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
46.TheupdatedversionofInklingworksasaplatformforbuildingmultimediaContent.
47.SomestudentsinthemedicalprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvinestillusepaperandpencilinclass
becausetheyfindittroublesometotakenoteswithaniPad.
48. One of the challenges to build an interactive digital .textbook from the ground up is that it rakes a great .deal
ofmanpower.
49.Thoughwhetherdigitaltextbookswillcatchonstillremaintobeseen,thedreamhasbecomemoretangible.
50. The most interesting part of Inkling's notation system is that one can share his learning experience with the
bestandbrightestthinkers.
51. Students can only buy certain sections of the textbook rather than the whole one, which lessens students'
financialburden.
52.Thebiggestproblemwithtraditionalprinttextbooksisthattheyarenotreusedonceaneweditioncomesout.
53. One problem for students to replace traditional textbooks with interactive digital ones is the high cost of the
hardware.
54.Afewuniversitieshavealreadystartedtousedigitaltextbooksincertaincourses.
55. Inkling CEO explains that the problem with Course Smart's current digital textbooks is that they are no more
thanprintversionsputonascreen.
SectionC
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there arefour choices markedA, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice
andmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Junkfoodiseverywhere.We'reeatingwaytoomuch.ofit.Mostofusknowwhatwe'redoingand.yetwedo
itanyway.So here's a suggestion offeredby two researchers at the Rand Corporation:Why nottake a lessonfrom
alcoholcontrolpoliciesandapplythemtowherefoodissoldandhowit'sdisplayed?
"Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖症) assume .that people consciously and rationally choose
what and how much they eat and .therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods,"
notethetwo researchers."In contrast,"theresearchers continue, "manyregulationsthatdon't assume people make
rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance like food--of which immoderate
consumptionleadstoserioushealthproblems."
Theresearchreferencesstudiesofpeople's behaviorwithfoodandalcoholandresultsofalcoholrestrictions,
andthenlistsfiveregulationsthattheresearchersthinkmightbepromisingifappliedtojunkfoods.Amongthem:
Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren't handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted (分配)
basedonthenumberofplacesinanareathatalready.sellalcohol.Thesemakealcohollesseasytogetandreduce
thenumberofpsychologicalcuestodrink.
Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. SO why not
limit the density of foodoutlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories?And why notlimit sale of
foodinplacesthataren'tprimarilyfoodstores?
Displayandsales restrictions:California hasaruleprohibitingalcoholdisplays nearthecashregisters ingas
stations, and in most places you can't buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies
pay to have their wares in places where they're easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store
and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and
prohibitingspecialpricedealsforjunkfoods,andplacingwarninglabelsontheproducts.
淘宝店铺：https://shop499712503.taobao.com/ 店主旺旺：慧园文化注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
56.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutjunkfood?
A)Peopleshouldbeeducatednottoeattoomuch.
B)Itiswidelyconsumeddespiteitsillreputation.
C)Itstemptationistoostrongforpeopletoresist.
D)Itcausesmoreharmthanisgenerallyrealized..
57.WhatdotheRandresearchersthinkofmanyofthepolicymeasurestocontrolobesity?
A)Theyshouldbeimplementedeffectively.
B)Theyprovidemisleadinginformation.
C)Theyarebasedonwrongassumptions.
D)Theyhelppeoplemakerationalchoices.
58.Whydopolicymakersofalcoholcontrolplacedensityrestrictions?
A)Fewpeopleareabletoresistalcohol'stemptations.
B)Therearealreadytoomanystoressellingalcohol.
C)Drinkingstrongalcoholcancausesocialproblems.
D)Easyaccessleadstocustomers'over-consumption.
59.WhatisthepurposeofCalifornia'sruleaboutalcoholdisplayingasstations?
A)Toeffectivelylimitthedensityofalcoholoutlets.
B)Tohelpdriverstogiveupthehabitofdrinking.
C)Topreventpossibletrafficjamsinnearbyareas.
D)Togetalcoholoutofdrivers'immediatesight.
60.WhatisthegeneralguidelinetheRandresearcherssuggestaboutjunkfoodcontrol?
A)Guidingpeopletomakerationalchoicesaboutfood.
B)Enhancingpeople'sawarenessoftheirownhealth.
C)Borrowingideasfromalcoholcontrolmeasures.
D)Resortingtoeconomic,legalandpsychologicalmeans.
PassageTwo
Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Kodak's decisiontofile forbankruptcy(破产)protectionisasad,thoughnotunexpected,turningpointfora
leadingAmerican corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades,
butultimatelyfailedtoadapttothedigitalrevolution.
Although many attribute Kodak's downfall to "complacency(自满)," that explanation doesn't acknowledge
thelengthstowhichthecompanywenttoreinventitself.Decadesago,Kodakanticipatedthatdigitalphotography
would overtake film--and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera 1975--but in a fateful decision, the
complychosetoshelfitsnewdiscoverytofocusonitstraditionalfilmbusiness.
It wasn't that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business
School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realized its
mistake,itwastoolate.Kodakisanexampleofafirmthatwasverymuchawarethattheyhadtoadapt,andspent
a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies bava difficult time switching to new
marketsbecausethereisatemptationtoputexistingassetsintothenewbusinesses.
AlthoughKodakanticipatedtheinevitableriseofdigitalphotography,itscorporate(企业的)culturewastoo
rootedinthesuccessesofthe pastfor itto makethe cleanbreaknecessaryto fully embracethe future.They were
acompanystuckintime.Theirhistorywassoimportanttothem.Nowtheirhistoryhasbecomealiability.
Kodak's downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the
market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from
JapanesefilmcompanyFujiPhoto,whichunderminedKodakbyofferinglowerpricesforfilmandphotosupplies.
Kodak's decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major
淘宝店铺：https://shop499712503.taobao.com/ 店主旺旺：慧园文化miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the
marketplace.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
61.WhatdowelearnaboutKodak?
A)Itwentbankruptallofasudden. B)Itisapproachingitsdownfall.
C)Itinitiatedthedigitalrevolutioninthefilmindustry. D)Itisplayingthedominantroleinthefilmmarket.
62.WhydoestheauthormentionKodak's inventionofthefirstdigitalcamera?
A)Toshowitsearlyattempttoreinventitself.
B)Toshowitsefforttoovercomecomplacency.
C)Toshowitsquickadaptationtothedigitalrevolution.
D)ToshowitswilltocompetewithJapan'sFujiPhoto.
63.Whydolargecompanieshavedifficultyswitchingtonewmarkets?
A)Theyfinditcostlytogiveuptheirexistingassets.
B)Theytendtobeslowinconfrontingnewchallenges.
C)Theyareunwillingtoinvestinnewtechnology.
D)Theyaredeeplystuckintheirgloriouspast.
64.WhatdoestheauthorsayKodak'shistoryhasbecome?
A)Aburden. B)Amirror. C)Ajoke. D)Achallenge.
65.WhatwasKodak'sfatalmistake?
A)Itsblindfaithintraditionalphotography. B)ItsfailuretoseeFujiPhoto'semergence.
C)Itsrefusaltosponsorthe1984Olympics. D)Itsoverconfidenceinitscorporateculture.
淘宝店铺：https://shop499712503.taobao.com/ 店主旺旺：慧园文化
