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专题 06 单项选择特训
内容早知道
☛第一层 巩固提升练
单项选择题的解题技巧
☛第二层 能力培优练
☛第三层 拓展突破练
单项选择题是这些年来中考英语试卷一直采用的一种题型。在英语中考过程中，单项选择的题
型虽然比较简单，但是同时，这种题型包含了词汇、固定搭配、词形变化和语法等多方面知识。
初中英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介
词、情态动词；时态、语态；词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。
学生如果想在单项选择方面少丢分，甚至不丢分，在掌握基础知识的前提下，还需要掌握一些
必要的解题技巧。
先做好以下几个方面：
1.牢记考试需要掌握的单词和固定短语，同时要熟悉单词的词性和词形变化。
2.掌握名词可数与不可数，可数名词的单复数形式。
3.根据上下文正确使用连词。
4.熟练掌握英语中的就近原则和主谓一致原则。
5.掌握介词的使用方法。
6.熟悉日常交际英语。
7.熟悉人称代词的各种形式以及它们所做的句子成分。
8.准确使用定冠词和不定冠词。
9.仔细区分同义词和同形词。
10.掌握一定数量的固定句式。
11.牢记 动词和介词、副词的固定搭配。
12.熟悉上下语境。
直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出正确答案的解题
方法。例：
--Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me﹖
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司--Sorry．My mother always tells me______ there．
A． not go B． go C． not to go D． to go
根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式，即 tell sb． not to do sth．，故此题应选C。
许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这
些词为关键词key words。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口，例：
--He hardly hurt himself in the accident，______ ﹖
A． doesn＇t he B． didn＇t he C． did he D． does he
该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有 hardly， never， little， few等否
定意义的词时，反意疑问句用肯定形式；而 hurt 一词的过去式与原形相同，此处 hurt 未加 s，应为
过去式。因此本题答案C是正确的。
My cousin and I often ______ on Sundays.
A. play football B. play the football C. plays the football D. plays football
在本题中，play football 是固定短语，play和球类之间没有任何冠词，所以 B和C 同时被排除了。
主语是my cousin and I，所以play不加s，D也被排除了。只剩下A是准确答案了。
I like_______very much and I’d like ______with my friends this afternoon.
A. swimming; to swim B. to swim; swimming
C. swimming; swimming D swim; to swim
在本题中，考查了两个固定短语，前者是 like doing，后者是 would like to do，分辨清楚这两个
短语结构，就能准确选出A。
Is the elephant from___？
A. African B. Africa C. Asian D. Indian
在本题中，from是介词，如果学生能够掌握在英语中介词后面只能使用名词、代词和动名词，就能
准确地选出 B，因为四个选项中只有 B项是名词，其他三项都是形容词。本题没有上下文，不知道
大象来自哪个洲，只和词性有关系。词性选对了，答案也就对了。
Wang Dan is ________ English teacher in ______ university.
A. a; an B. an; an C. an; a D. a; a
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司在本题中，English 第一个音是元音，所以用 an;university 虽然首字母是元音字母，但是第一个音
是辅音，所以它前面应该用a，因此标准答案是C.
如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用"如果 A 对，那么 B 也对"的类推
法，从而可将A、B予以否定，例：
--Who＇s the man at the door﹖
-- ________.
A． He is a doctor B． He is a friend of mine
C． He is a famous singer D． He is twenty
仔细分析备选答案就可发现：A、C 选项针对的是"职业"。若A是对的，那么 C 也会是对的。
D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。
I don’t watch TV____the evening， but I do it____ Saturday evening.
A. on; in B. on; on C. in; in D. in; on
在晚上是 in the evening，在周六是 on Saturday，在周六晚上使用 on Saturday evening，所以本题
答案应是D。
I bought my son a birthday present，_____he liked it very much.
A. or B. but C. and D. so
这四个连词，or 表示否则，but 表示转折，and 表示递进和并列，so 表示因果。在本题中，我给儿
子买了生日礼物，他很喜欢，后者和前者之间应该是递进和并列关系，所以答案是C。
___is my friend. ________name is Tom.
A. She; Her B. Her; She C. He; His D. His; He
在本题中，通过选项我们能看出，本题考查人称代词的几种形式。第一个横线缺少主语，所以应该
是人称代词的主格形式，答案应该在 A和C当中，第二条横线缺少一个定语，应该是形容词性的物
主代词，A 和 C 的第二个词都是物主代词，关键要看是男是女了，后面出现了 Tom，是个男孩名
字，所以答案是C。
His_____are very fine.
A. home B. house C. family D. room
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司在本题中，四个选项都是“家”。但是它们侧重点不同。home 表示“家”，指一家人共同生活的
地方;house 指“住宅”;room 指“房间”;family 指“家人”。能够身体好的只能是家人，所以答
案是C.
此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉
隐含信息，方能准确找出答案，例：
-- He isn＇t a teacher， is he？
--_____ . He works in a hospital．
A． Yes， he is B． No， he isn＇t
C． Yes， He isn＇t D． No， he is
本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答，我们知道"他"的身份不是教师；对反
意疑问句的回答要根据实际情况。因此应选择的是B。
根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入
空白处进行检验，辨别真伪，例：
The girl asked the teacher_____ .
A． what does the museum looks like B． what did the museum look like
C．what the museum looks like D． what the museum looked like
本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也应
是过去时的某种时态，故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误，所以D为正确答案。
Neither she nor I ____there last week.
A. was B. were C. am D. are
在英语中就近原则，是指谓语和靠近的名词和代词（有时不一定是主语），在“人称、数”上一
致。如 there be+句型; or; either ...or; nor; neither...nor; whether...or; not...but; not only...but also
等，在这些句型中，往往使用就近原则。在本题中，距离谓语最近的主语是 I，所以谓语要和 I保持
一致，本题有明显的时间状语last week，所以答案应是A。
He hasn’t got ____apples____bananas.
A. some; or B. any; or C. some; and D. any; and some
用于肯定句中，any用于否定句中;and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句中，在本题中，题干是否
定句，所以答案是B。
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司【巩固练习】
1．—________ is it now, Mr Li?
—It’s 7:30 a.m.
A．What B．What’s time C．What’s the time D．What time
2．—Can you play table tennis?
—Yes, I ________.
A．can B．must C．may D．need
3．—When is Tom’s birthday?
—It’s on June ________.
A．twenty-fourth B．twentieth-four C．twentieth-fourth D．twenty-four
4．Mike ________ Tim are in the restaurant, ________ Molly is not.
A．and; and B．but; but C．and; but D．but; and
5．I come to school at a quarter ________ eight and we start the class at 8:00 a. m
A．at B．past C．in D．to
6．—Look at that little girl! She sings so beautifully! ________ is she?
—Maybe 9.
A．How many B．How much C．How old D．How often
7．It’s very cold today. Look! ________ some ice on the lake.
A．There’s B．There are C．They’re D．He’s
8．Bill has two basketballs, but I ________.
A．do B．don’t C．doesn’t D．does
9．Liu Xiuxiang ________ all his money helping children return to school though (尽管) he is poor.
A．takes B．spends C．costs D．pays
10．—________ is the woman in the music room?
—Oh, she is our music teacher, Miss White.
A．Who B．How C．What D．Where
11．The maths problem is difficult for Peter. He can’t ________ it ________.
A．come; out B．blow; out C．work; out D．take; out
12．My mother’s birthday is coming. But I don’t know which present to ________.
A．notice B．raise C．choose D．mark
13．—________ books are there on the shelf?
—Three.
A．How long B．How many C．How much D．How old
14．—The new computer over there is about 5,000 yuan.
—Oh, I don’t have enough money. The price is too ________.
A．low B．high C．cheap D．expensive
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司15．—Do you think the Rocket will beat (打败) the Bulls?
—Yes. They have better players, so I ________ them to win.
A．hope B．wish C．like D．need
一、完形填空
We know students need to get a lot of knowledge at school. This term, they have a new 1 —physics.
Now some students of Class Seven are 2 about their favourite subjects.
Sun Yan is one of the best students in Class Seven. She says she likes 3 best. She 4 her
teacher carefully in class and finishes the exercises quickly. She often helps other students 5 their
geography. Everyone likes Sun Yan. Linda is a girl from Canada. She likes Chinese best. She thinks it’s hard 6
very interesting. She comes to China to learn Chinese and she wants to know more about Chinese culture. She
hopes she can 7 all over the world one day.
Xie Hui enjoys 8 , so his favourite subject is art. During the holiday, Xie Hui often goes to the
countryside to draw some 9 , flowers or mountains. He loves nature.
What about Li Ting’s favorite subject? 10 ! She says she likes this new subject and she’s sure to
learn it well.
1．A．job B．subject C．culture D．choice
2．A．talking B．telling C．speaking D．saying
3．A．English B．Chinese C．geography D．history
4．A．looks for B．looks at C．looks like D．listens to
5．A．on B．with C．to D．at
6．A．but B．so C．or D．and
7．A．turn B．make C．travel D．add
8．A．drawing B．singing C．swimming D．playing
9．A．engines B．cars C．models D．trees
10．A．Science B．Physics C．PE D．Maths
二、阅读理解
A
My name is Jenny. Today is my fourth day in junior high. I want to introduce (介绍) my new school to you.
It is a big, beautiful and convenient (方便的) school.
There is a garden in our school. There are many big trees and different kinds of flowers in it. The birds sing
in the green trees and I can have a walk in the garden after dinner.
In the centre of our school, there is a big playground. Some students like playing football and basketball in it.
Others often run or walk. There are two ping-pong tables in the playground. I am going to play ping-pong with my
classmates.
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司There are also two teaching buildings, a dining hall and some apartment (公寓) buildings in our school.
Look! My classroom is on the third floor. Our library is on the first floor. There are lots of books in it. But I like
reading books under the trees. That’s very interesting. One of the teaching buildings is the multi-media (多媒体)
building. It’s really convenient to teach and learn. There are many clubs in this building. I like music. I like playing
traditional instruments, such as erhu and pipa. So I am going to join the Music Club. I can play music with the
members of the club. I think we will be good friends.
Students all love our school. We all feel happy to study here.
11．We can see ________ in Jenny’s school.
A．two post offices B．three teaching buildings
C．many trees and flowers D．a small playground
12．Students like doing some sports except (除了) ________.
A．playing football B．running
C．playing basketball D．playing volleyball
13．Students think (认为) it is ________ to learn in a multi-media building.
A．beautiful B．interesting C．easy D．convenient
14．The right structure of the passage is ________.
A． B． C． D．
15．The passage mainly (主要) talks about _________.
A．the park B．the new school C．the club D．the journey
B
It’s Tuesday, 12th November. I’m really busy today because I have classes all day. 16 I think
Chinese is interesting and I like it very much. Then at nine I have an English class. It’s interesting. At ten, I have a
history class. It’s boring. 17 At eleven, I have a music class. That’s my favourite subject! I eat lunch at
twelve and after that I have a rest (休息)! 18 I have a geography class. My geography teacher is Mr
Wang. 19 We all like him very much. I have a maths class at three. It’s difficult. All my classes finish at
four. 20 That’s all my day at school.
A．So I don’t like it.
B．His class is really interesting.
C．My favourite subject is science.
D．At eight I have a Chinese class.
E．Classes begin at two in the afternoon.
F．After class I play ping-pong with my friends for an hour.
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司一、阅读理解
配对阅读。左栏是关于5个家庭成员的介绍，右栏是七个人物介绍。 从右栏中找出最匹配的人物，并将答
题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
A．Mr Miller writes many funny stories. Children like reading
1 My mother is a teacher. She is
his book. He is very happy because he can do something for the
36 years old. She is from China but her
children.
students are Americans.
B．Grace is a good student at school. She can speak English
2 My sister is a student in a
well. She wants to go to America one day.
middle school. She is fourteen. She likes
C． Linda is a housewife but she is not good at cooking. She
English and she is good at it.
goes to a cooking class on weekends.
3 My mother is a housewife (家
D．Bob is 42 years old. He likes playing games with his
庭主妇). She can cook nice food. We
children. He thinks it’s important to be with his children.
love her.
E. Jane works in a school. She teaches American students
4 My father is nice to me. He
Chinese. She is a nice teacher. If you need any help, you can go and
likes playing games with me. I like my
meet her in the school. Her telephone number is 13715933222.
father.
F. Jenny is my new friend. Her last name is Smith. She is from
5 My grandpa is old. His hair is
America. She is now learning Chinese in Shanghai.
grey. He likes writing. He is a great
G. Julie is a good mother. She doesn’t go to work. She cooks
writer
nice food for her children.
二、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
My Family
I have a big and happy family. There are six people in my family—my grandparents, my parents, my sister
and me.
This is a photo of my family. My grandparents are sitting in the front. They are old but healthy. My father is
standing behind them. He is tall and strong. My mother is next to my father. She is beautiful. My sister and I are in
the middle. We are smiling happily.
This photo is very important to me. It shows the love of my family. We are always close to each other.
During the holidays, we often go traveling together. We share our feelings with each other. This photo warms my
heart.
6．How many people are there in the writer’s family?
7．Where are the writer’s grandparents in the photo?
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司8．What does the writer’s father look like?
9．What do they often do during the holidays?
10．How does the writer feel about the photo?
三、短文填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号
中词语的正确形式填空。
Welcome to my school. My school is not big, 11 it is very nice.There is a beautiful garden in my
school. I love 12 garden because there are many beautiful 13 (flower) in it. In the middle of
the garden, there is a pool. The 14 (fish) are swimming in it. The playground is behind the garden. Each
of us 15 (do) morning exercises and plays sports 16 the playground every day. There are two
teaching buildings on the right of the playground.There are 16 classrooms in each building. You can also 17
(find) a music room, a library, a computer room and a lab in the buildings. The library is on the 18 (one)
floor. There are many different kinds of books. You can get lots of useful information from 19 (they).
Look! Many students 20 (read) in it. I love my school.
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司
