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专题 05 句子种类
内容早知道
☛第一层 巩固提升练（4大考点）
考点一 肯定句 考点二 否定句 考点三 一般疑问句 考点四 特殊疑问句
☛第二层 能力培优练
☛第三层 拓展突破练
肯定句
【知识积累·练前热身】
肯定句是表达肯定意义的句子，在英语中，肯定句的基本结构通常包括主语（Subject）、谓语
（Predicate）、宾语（Object）等成分。以下是肯定句的一些常见构成方式：
一、简单结构
主 + 谓：这种结构中的谓语动词为不及物动词，不需要接宾语就能表达完整的意思。例如：
He runs.（他跑步）。在这个句子中，“He”是主语，表示动作的执行者；“runs”是谓语动词，表示主
语的动作。
主 + 谓 + 宾：当谓语动词为及物动词时，需要有宾语来接受动作。例如：
She reads a book.（她读一本书）。其中“She”是主语，“reads”是谓语动词，“a book”是宾语。
二、含有系动词的结构
主 + 系动词(be) + 表语：系动词be包括am、is、are（不同的人称和数使用不同形式），表语可以是
名词、形容词、代词、介词短语等，用来描述主语的特征、状态等。例如：
I am a student.（我是一名学生），“I”是主语，“am”是系动词，“a student”是表语；
He is happy.（他很开心），“happy”作为形容词作表语描述主语“He”的状态。
【巩固练习】
1．love, very, I, much, sports (. )
.
2．this, hall, is, our, dining(. )
3．are, sheep, on, farm, the, some (连词成句)
.
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司4．see can you kinds of many animals (.)
.
5．the US Mr Smith from is (.)
.
否定句
【知识积累·练前热身】
1、当句子中含有be动词时，如am, is, are, was, were，在be动词后加not。如：
He is sleeping. → He is not sleeping. ( is not = isn’t )
2、当句子中含有can, will, must时，直接在can, will, must后加not。如：
He can speak Chinese. → He can not speak Chinese. ( can not = can’t )
3、当句子中不含有以上词汇时，则根据主语、时态在主语后面加don’t , doesn’t, didn’t，句子后面的动词要
改为原形。如：
They go to school by bike. → They don’t go to school by bike.
She goes to school by bike. → She doesn’t go to school by bike.
【巩固练习】
1．I have a soccer ball. (改为否定句)
I a soccer ball.
2．Three dogs are on the farm.(改为否定句)
Three dogs on the farm.
3．Daniel has six lessons today.(改为否定句)
Daniel six lessons today.
4．Millie does well in Biology this term. (改为否定句)
Millie well in Biology this term.
5．Mary plays tennis after school. (改为否定句)
Mary tennis after school.
一般疑问句
【知识积累·练前热身】
1. 定义：用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。
2.一般疑问句通常都是
1）以be (am,is,are,)开头
2）以Do，Does，Did 开头或以Can开头
回答方法:前面用什么提问的就用什么答。
只有两种回答方式：
1） 肯定的， Yes，主语 + 提问词.
2） 否定的， No，主语+提问词+not.
3.主语是名字时的答语 ：看性别，男的用he ,女的用she ,其他的用it 复数就用they。
【巩固练习】
1．They are his potato plants.(改为一般疑问句)
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司his potato plants?
2．My father has ten books. (改为一般疑问句)
your father ten books?
3．I can sing and dance. (改为一般疑问句)
you sing dance?
4．Can he tell stories in English? (做否定回答)
No, .
5．Does Lily like reading? (作肯定回答)
Yes, .
特殊疑问句
【知识积累·练前热身】
1．概述
以特殊疑问词开头的以寻求信息为目的的疑问句为特殊疑问句，读时一般用降调。
2．结构及答语
特殊疑问句由“特殊疑问词十一般疑问句？”构成，不用yes或no作答，而应根据具体情况作答。
3．常见特殊疑问词（组）的含义和用法
特殊疑
含义及用法
问词（组）
what “什么”，提问事物
who “谁”，提问人的身份
when “什么时候”，提问时间
where “在哪里”，提问地点
how “怎样，如何”，提问身体状况或动作的方式、程度
how many “多少”，询问可数名词的数量
how much “多少（钱）”，提问不可数名词的量或者价格
how old “（年龄）多大”，提问年龄
why “为什么”，提问原因
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司【巩固练习】
1．My favourite sport is basketball. (对划线部分提问)
favourite sport?
2．Ella sees two dogs. (对划线部分提问)
dogs does Ella see?
3．Her class teacher is Ms. Lee. (对划线部分提问)
her class teacher
4．Gina is from the UK. (对划线部分提问)
Gina from?
5．Two boys are under the tree.（对划线部分提问）
the two boys?
6．My ruler is yellow. (对划线部分提问)
is your ruler?
7．Alice is 12 years old. (对划线部分提问)
is Alice?
一、完形填空
What animals do you like? Are there any 1 in your city? There is a zoo in our city. My mother
works there. She goes to 2 in the afternoon every day. She usually 3 the bus there. It takes her
20 minutes. After she 4 the zoo, she cleans the animals’ houses.
There are many kinds of 5 animals in the zoo. 6 people go to the zoo to see them every
day. My mother tells them what to do and what not to do. She 7 her work and animals.
But she doesn’t think it’s 8 for animals to live in small places. Animals are our 9 and
they usually bring us a lot of fun. They are from nature. And nature is their 10 home. She also finds some
animals are in great danger and we must protect them.
1．A．libraries B．zoos C．stores D．parks
2．A．station B．school C．house D．work
3．A．sells B．helps C．takes D．brings
4．A．plays with B．listens to C．looks at D．gets to
5．A．mad B．boring C．interesting D．lonely
6．A．Plenty of B．A little C．A few D．A lot
7．A．writes B．loves C．helps D．shows
8．A．difficult B．bad C．good D．boring
9．A．food B．meat C．family D．friends
10．A．salty B．small C．real D．alive
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司二、阅读理解
People around the world celebrate New Year’s Eve in different ways. Let’s have a look.
Sydney, Australia
The city is famous for its fireworks. The fireworks are bright and beautiful, and they make the dark sky very
bright.
Paris, France
Lots of people get together around the Eiffel Tower. People can see fireworks over there.
Madrid, Spain
Spanish people eat 12 grapes on New Year’s Eve. Every grape stands for one month of the year. They think
this will bring them good luck in the coming year.
Beijing, China
People usually spend New Year’s Eve with their family members. They will have a meal and give their best
wishes to each other.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
11．What’s Sydney famous for?
A．Sea. B．Fireworks. C．Food. D．Milk.
12．Why do French people stand on the Eiffel Tower on New Year’s Eve?
A．To see the fireworks. B．To watch the sky. C．To watch the whole city. D．To
make a paper boat.
13．How many grapes do Spanish people eat on New Year’s Eve?
A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14
14．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．In Spain, people eat grapes on New Year’s Eve.
B．In France, people get together around the Eiffel Tower.
C．Chinese people usually spend New Year’s Eve with their friends.
D．Spanish people think eating grapes can bring them good luck.
15．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Different ways to celebrate New Year’s Eve B．Different foods on New Year’s Eve
C．Different countries and their festivals D．Different countries and their capitals
三、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Hi friends,
Do you want 16 (join) a club? It’s a fun way to find a new 17 (hobby). You can try
many activities and meet new friends. There are lots of clubs to choose from. Each club has 18 event that
might interest you.
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司At first, it might be a bit difficult, 19 don’t worry (担心). 20 fact, you might find that
you enjoy 21 (learn) new things. For example, I joined a drawing club for the 22 (one) time. I
wasn’t good at drawing, but I 23 (really) liked it.
You don’t have to be good at something to enjoy 24 (you). Just give it a try. You might be
surprised at how much 25 (fun) you can have.
一、阅读理解
配对阅读。左栏是五位学生对自己亲人的介绍，右栏是七条人物介绍。请将人物和学生所介绍的亲人进行
匹配。
A．Mr Smith is a farmer. He is very old but he is still
1 My father is a math teacher. He is 42 years very strong.
old. B．Mr Zhang is a middle-aged man. He teaches math in
2 My grandpa is old but he still (仍然) a middle school.
works on the farm every day. C． Kate is a lovely girl. She likes basketball very
3 My sister is very good at basketball. She much. She has many basketballs.
often plays basketball with me. D．Tim is a tall boy. He likes playing basketball. He
4 My mother is a housewife (家庭主妇). plays basketball every week.
She can cook a lot of delicious food. E. Mr Sun is my English teacher. He is very nice and
5 My brother is 16 years old. He is very tall. kind. All my classmates love him.
He can play basketball very well. F. Lily likes sports but she doesn’t play them. She usually
watches basketball games on TV.
G. Mrs Brown doesn’t have a job. She stays at home and
cooks meals for her family.
二、任务型阅读
Good morning! My name is Suzy. Look! This is my room. It isn’t big. There is a bed, a desk and a chair in it.
All my things are in good order (顺序).
My books are on my desk. What’s that on the chair? It’s my bag. The bag is white and red. I like the colours
very much.
What’s the picture on the bag? It’s a picture of a mascot (吉祥物). The mascot is for the Paris 2024
Olympics (奥运会). Its name is Phryge. Can I spell “Phryge”? Yes, P﹣H﹣R﹣Y﹣G﹣E. What colour is the
mascot? It’s red, white and blue. It has big blue eyes. The mascot is cute and I like it very much. Do you like it?
What is in my bag? A ruler is in it. And the ruler is green. It’s my sister Lily’s. She likes green, but I don’t.
Two pencils are in it too. One is red, and the other is blue. A bottle is also in my bag. The bottle is yellow and blue.
It’s my bottle and it’s from my dad.
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司6．Where is Suzy’s bag? (no more than 5 words)
7．What colour are Phryge’s eyes? (no more than 3 words)
8．Whose green ruler is this? (no more than 4 words)
9．How many kinds of things are there in Suzy’s bag? (no more than 8 words)
10．What do you think of Suzy’s room? (no more than 5 words)
三、补全对话
阅读对话，从选项中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使对话通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限
用一次。
with; have; idea; much; some; for; many; bottle; take; total
Teng Fei: Hi, Peter! It’s Ella and Emma’s birthday soon. How about a surprise party 11 them?
Peter: Good 12 ! Let’s go and buy something for the party.
(At the shop)
Woman: Good morning. Can I help you?
Teng Fei: Yes, please. How 13 is this birthday cake?
Woman: We have a sale today. It’s 85 yuan, and it comes 14 some candles.
Peter: Good, we’ll 15 it. How much are those oranges?
Woman: Six yuan a kilo. How 16 kilos do you want?
Peter: Five kilos, please. Teng Fei, how about 17 yogurt?
Teng Fei: Sure. How much is the yogurt?
Woman: Five yuan a 18 .
Teng Fei: 10 bottles, please. What’s the 19 ?
Woman: 165 yuan.
Teng Fei: Here you are.
Woman: Thank you! 20 a nice day!
Teng Fei & Peter: Thanks. You too.
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司
