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专题 10 语法填空特训
内容早知道
☛第一层 巩固提升练
语法填空解题技巧
☛第二层 能力培优练
☛第三层 拓展突破练
（1）考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。
【分配：名词 + 动词*2 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】
（2）有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比
如四个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词）
考点1：名词
名词的形式变化主要有可数名词单数复数、名词所有格、词性转变、固定搭配。
1、 名词单复数 （依据：横线前有表示复数的词如a few，lots of，these，those，或者数量词等，或者there
be句型中be动词为复数are或were形式）
2、 名词所有格 （依据：横线后又是名词且提示词的名词对后面的名词不形成修饰关系，而形成从属关
系）
3、 名词词性变化 （依据：根据前后文词性判断名词是否要变化成相应的形容词、副词、动词等）
4、固定搭配[*无提示型]（固定词组与表达方式，如pay___to首先想到attention）
【例1】There are many tall (build) in our city.
解析：根据其前的many可知其后用名词复数形式, build 的名词为building,故填写buildings,意为“建筑
物，房子”。
【例2】Can you tell me some (different) between the two new words?
解析： 根据其前的some可知此处用different的名词difference的复数形式differences,意为“差别,差异”。
【例3】Home rules should be special to your __________ (family) needs.
解析： 根据其前的your可知后面必须是名词，而needs已经是名词形式了，所以此时只需要考虑 family
这个词与needs之间的关系不是修饰而是从属，所以为family’s。
考点2：动词【两大方向：谓语动词与非谓语动词】
1、时态 + 语态
（依据1：前后文的时态和形式，或者时间状语；
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司依据2：特殊句型；
依据3：前后文的被动关系）
2、非谓语动词的三种形式 [ doing, ， done ， to do ]（根据固定的搭配形式来改变动词形式，如 want to do就
要把do变to do，finish doing就要把do变doing）
【注意】实义动词与实义动词是不可能以两个动词原形的形式直接衔接在一起的，后面一个一定会变形。
比如实义动词want，play，practice在一起，可以形成want play（错），want to play（对），practice to
play（错），practice playing（对）
因此，当做到动词题的时候一定要往前一个词看，找是否有实义动词，如果有，则横线上填写的动词肯定
是非谓语动词的三种形式之一。【…动词 ______(动词)】
如果横线与前一个动词之间还夹着别的成分，那需要按着语法来判断。【…动词 + 代词/名词 +
______(动词)】
【用to do的其他形式】
1、后置定语（动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面）
如： 1、a chance to do sth 做某事的一个机会 2、the way to do sth 做某事的办法
3、the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 4、something to eat 一些吃的东西
5、something to drink 一些喝的东西 6、a lot of work to do 许多要做的工作
7、get / have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
2、 It’s+ 形容词（ adj . ） +for(of) +sb +to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样
【分析】形容词（adj.）修饰文中的事情既to do sth时，人前的介词用for ； 但是如果形容词（adj.）修饰
文中的人既sb时，人前面的介词用of.
①It’s hard for me to learn English well.（句子 hard 是修饰动词不定式to learn English well，意为学好英语
难，所以用的介词是for sb.）
②It’s kind of you to help me.（句中kind“善良的”修饰you(人) 意为你善良，所以介词用of sb.）
3、It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）
4、It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
【例1】I (do) my homework at home last Sunday.
解析：根据时间状语last Sunday可知为一般过去时态,故填写do 的过去式did。
【例2】Lucy usually (watch) television on Friday morning!
解析：根据时间状语on Friday morning和频率副词usually可知为一般现在时态，且主语Lucy是第三人称
单数，故填写watch 的第三人称单数形式watches。
【例3】In five years’ time,1 (become) a university student.
解析：根据时间状语In five years’ time可知用一般将来时态，故填写will become。
考点3：形容词与副词
1、 形容词比较级与最高级 （依据1：比较级看句子中是否有than，最高级看形容词前面是否有the或后面
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司有没有in/of+范围的形式。依据2：横线前有even，much、a little/bit等后面需要用比较级的词）
2、 固定句型 （常见的为比较级的相关句型：the more…the more…，more and more。表示建议的句型：
had better do sth。表示状态的句型： 主语 + be + adj + to d o）
3、 形容词副词化 （依据：提示词为形容词，空格后有谓语动词或者形容词；或者空格位于句首，用逗号
隔开）
4、 动词的 in g 与 e d 形式 （依据：横线前有be动词或是后面有名词，则用ing形式；横线前有人称代词或
人名，则用ed形式）
5、 否定变化（如happy变成unhappy）】
注意：形容词是修饰名词的，而副词是修饰动词、形容词与副词本身的。
【例1】Home is the (warm) place wherever you go.
解析：根据句意“无论你走到哪里，家是最温暖的地方”和定冠词 the可知此处用形容词warm的最高级
warmest。
【例2】Jim studies better than Tom，but Tom is (friendly) and he has more friends.
解析：句意：吉姆比汤姆学习成绩更好，但是汤姆(对人)更友好，他有更多的朋友。由句中的studies better
以及more friends可知，要用形容词friendly 的比较级friendlier，意为“更友好的”。
【例3】We had a football match yesterday. Our fans cheered us on (loud) and we felt more confident.
解析：句意：昨天我们进行了一场足球赛。我们的粉丝们为我们大声地加油，我们感到更加有信心。表示
“大声地”应用loudly。
考点4：代词
1、宾格（横线在谓语动词后面）
2、形容词性物主代词（横线后面有名词）
3、名词性物主代词（横线后面没有名词，前面有of或者前面有be动词等动词）
4、反身代词（横线前有和括号里同一类的且做主语成分的代词，此时把括号内的代词改为反身代词）
5、不定代词（一般以some/ever/any + thing为主，其次是others，another）
【例1】Do you have (something)to say?
解析： something通常用于肯定句，在疑问句中用anything。故填anything。
【例2】Would you like (every) coffee?
解析：虽然any用于疑问句，但some可以用于表示请求或建议的疑问句中，尤其是some用于向对方请求
得到某物。根据句意及语气填写some。
【例3】I bought something for my parents，but nothing for (I).
解析：根据句意“我为我父母买了些东西，但我没有为我自己买什么”可知填写myself。
考点5：数量词考点
1、基数词变序数词（横线前一般有the）
2、基数词变次数（一般只考once，twice）
3、单位词变复数（主要是百-hundred，千-thousand，百万-million，十亿-billion的用法）
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司注意： 300名学生——three hundred students（此时hundred后无s）
成百上千名学生——hundreds of students（hundred后有了of则要加s）
成百上千名学生——hundreds upon hundreds of students
【例1】I am to know that (hundred) of people lost their lives in the earthquake.
解析：hundred意为“百”，表示大概数字时用复数且和 of连用。故填写hundreds。
【例2】How many (time) did you go to Beijing last year?
解析：times指“次数，倍数”。
考点6：介词
1、单一介词（即介词表示某种具体的含义，如方向或时间，能够根据上下文含义推理出来）
2、动词、形容词、介词词组中的固定搭配，例如：come/be from，fall in love with……
注意：介词的判断依据除了看有没有词组，还可以依靠横线后的词性，因为介词后面只能接名词性质的
词，所以后面要么是名词和代词，要么是动词 in g 形式 。
【例1】It’s great to hear you. I’ll write to you soon.
解析：根据下文I’ll write to you soon.“我将很快写信给你”可知考查固定短语hear from sb.，意为“收到某
人来信”。故填写from。
【例2】The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing common.
解析：根据句意“事实是,快乐和幸福是没有共同点的”可知用介词in。in common意为“……相同”。
考点7：连词考点
1、根据词性判断（空格两边词性或结构一致，大概率是并列连词；一个长句被逗号或横线隔开，左右两
边结构完整，有可能是连词构成的复合句）
2、根据逻辑判断（并列连词都是有很强的逻辑性的，可以根据上下文的意思来判断）
第一看横线前后的词性结构是否一致，如It makes us smart and healthy。此时smart和healthy就属于词性
结构一致。
第二看横线前后是否有完整的主谓（宾）结构，如I don't like her because she smokes too much。 左边主谓
宾完整，右边主谓完整。
最后看逻辑关系，如果满足第一或第二，只需要把平常常考的连词代入去想就可以了。
【连词总结】
and（常与both组合出现），or（常与either组合出现），but（常与also组合出现，形成not only…but
also…），nor（常与neither组合出现），because，so等
注意：however是副词，常用作连词使用，出现的形式是单独在句首，用逗号与后文隔开： however ，后
句。也可能是放在中间，左右都用逗号隔开： 前句， howeve r ，后句
考点8：冠词
1、 冠词分类：定冠词（ th e ），不定冠词（ a/a n ），零冠词（一般不考）
[空格后面一定有名词，或是被形容词修饰的名词。所以做题一定要注意往横线后面一直看，看有没有名词
出现。]
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司2、定冠词与不定冠词的区分：the用于特指，第二次出现，形容词最高级。a/an用于泛指，第一次出现，
固定搭配。[根据元音音素来判断用a还是an，【特殊例子特殊记】an + hour / honor / honesty；a + useful /
university]
3、固定词组与搭配：take a walk，have a fever中的a就是固定的，by the way中the也是固定搭配
【例1】It’s unlucky day for me.I lost my new bike this morning.
解析：此处表泛指，故用a或an。根据可数名词day 和空格后的形容词unlucky音标的第一个音素为元音
音素，可知应填写冠词an。
【例2】Who is tallest girl in your class?
解析：形容词最高级tallest前用定冠词the。
考点9：句子引导词关系词等【常考的：that / whether / if与各类疑问词等】
【例1】I don’t know often you see your parents.Once a week or once a month?
解析：根据“Once a week or once a month?”可知询问频率，应用how often。how often意为“隔多久”,在
此表示频率。故填写how。
【例2】 city do you like better,Beijing or Shanghai?
解析：根据其后的两地比较可知填写Which，意为“哪一个”。
【巩固练习】
A
I want to tell you what I do 1 Friday. From morning to afternoon, I am very busy.
I get up early in the morning and have breakfast at home. Then I go 2 school. I have the first class
at 8:00. It’s maths. I don’t like it because I think it’s boring (乏味的) 3 difficult. But the teacher says it
4 (be) useful. So I always try to learn it 5 (good). Then at 9:00, I have science. It’s difficult but
interesting. At 10:00, I have history. After that, I have 6 art class at 11:00. It’s easy and fun.
On Friday afternoon, I have Chinese. It is my favourite subject. And Mrs Wang is my favourite teacher. She
is great fun and 7 (she) class is exciting (令人兴奋的). The last class is PE. In PE class, I like 8
(play) football with my classmates. The school finishes at 3:50. Then I have a dance 9 (lesson) for two
hours.
How about your school day? Tell me 10 it.
B
Alice has a nice family. 11 (this) are her family members; her grandfather, grandmother, father,
mother and her.
Alice’s parents are teachers, but they aren’t in 12 same school. Her father is in PEP School and her
mother is in Sunshine School. They like 13 (play) sports. They always play ping-pong in the morning.
14 that, they have breakfast. Alice’s grandparents don’t need to go to work, so they always 15
(watch) ping-pong games on TV at home. They like ping-pong, too. What 16 Alice? Does she like ping-
pong? No, because she thinks it’s difficult. 17 she likes tennis. She says it’s easy for 18 (she).
Alice likes Chinese and maths at school. She thinks they are 19 (use).
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司Today is Alice’s thirteenth birthday. Her family buy a birthday cake for her. She is 20 (real)
happy.
C
Hello! This is Kate’s family photo. She has a big family. There are five people 21 the family. They
22 (be) Kate’s father, mother, twin (双胞胎的) 23 (brother) and her. The man in black 24
(be) her father. His name is Paul, 25 the woman is her mother. 26 (she) name is Anna. She is
36 27 (year) old. Her father and mother are teachers. 28 (this) two boys are Kate’s brothers.
They speak English well. They look almost the same (几乎一样). 29 is the girl in the photo? It’s Kate.
She is the daughter in the family. She 30 (like) her family very much.
一、完形填空
每个人身边或多或少都会有兴趣不同的好朋友。来看看Anna和她朋友们的兴趣吧。
Anna is an 11-year-old girl. She likes music, and she 1 sing very well. In her free time, she often
sings for her friends. This term she 2 the Music Club in her school. She goes there every Friday
afternoon. There are many students in the club. They think music can 3 them happy. Anna 4
thinks so, and she wants to be a great singer one day.
Frank and Cindy are Anna’s 5 . Frank likes reading and storybooks are his favourite. He often 6
stories to his classmates after class. Sometimes, he also 7 stories. His stories are really interesting, 8
many of his classmates like them.
Cindy is 9 drawing and she is in the Art Club in her school. Next Friday, she will draw some
pictures for the school 10 festival. She will be happy to see all the students like her 11 .
These three friends are very 12 . They are good with kids (小孩). Every weekend, they 13
at the kids home. Anna usually sings for 14 . Frank tells them stories. And Cindy teaches them 15
to draw well. All the kids there like them very much.
1．A．will B．would C．can D．need
2．A．sees B．joins C．calls D．finds
3．A．want B．think C．take D．make
4．A．also B．exactly C．even D．still
5．A．cousins B．teachers C．friends D．parents
6．A．speaks B．talks C．tells D．says
7．A．spells B．watches C．plays D．writes
8．A．so B．but C．or D．then
9．A．good with B．worried about C．good for D．good at
10．A．music B．art C．food D．sports
11．A．games B．songs C．pictures D．stories
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司12．A．nice B．right C．tall D．fun
13．A．sleep B．help C．study D．play
14．A．him B．you C．us D．them
15．A．what B．how C．where D．when
二、阅读理解
A
Boys and girls! We have four clubs for you. Welcome to our clubs! You’ll have great fun!
Swimming ClubDay: Monday and Friday English Club Day: Tuesday and Sunday
Time: 5:00 p. m.-7:00 p. m. Time: 9:00 a. m.-10:00 a. m., 2:00 p. m.-3:00 p. m.
Place: the Park Place: the Old Friend Street
Price:25 yuan/a month Price:15 yuan/a month
Tel: 463-7219 Tel:403-6872
Basketball Club Day: Thursday and Saturday Music Club Day: Saturday and Sunday
Time: 4:00 p. m.-6:00 p. m., 8:00 p. m.-10:00 p. m. Time: 2:00 p. m.-4:00 p. m.
Place: the Gym Place: the Music House
Price:30 yuan/a month Price:35 yuan/a month
Tel: 433-5278 Tel:493-6872
16．What club can Tom go to with 20 yuan?
A．The music club. B．The swimming club.
C．The basketball club. D．The English club.
17．When can Jane go to play music?
A．On Sunday afternoon. B．On Monday morning.
C．On Thursday afternoon. D．On Saturday morning.
18．Tom likes basketball and he wants to be healthy. Where can he go?
A．To the Park. B．To the Old Friend Street.
C．To the Gym. D．To the Music House.
B
Every student wants to have a good school day. How can we do that? 19 .
Every day I get up early. After that I make my bed tidy and clean. Then I brush my teeth and make my face
clean. 20 . If I have P. E. that day, I’ll wear my sports clothes and shoes. Before I go to school , I
usually eat a healthy breakfast at home. 21 .
At school, I listen to my teachers carefully. I’ll ask my teachers and classmates for help if I don’t understand.
I also like to make friends. I make many friends at school. 22 .
23 . I take a walk after dinner. Then I do my homework. After I finish the homework, I go to take
a shower. Finally I go to bed at about 9: 30 pm.
If you want to change how happy you are with your school life, then start with focusing on how to make day-
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司to-day moments more enjoyable and meaningful.
根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，其中有一项多余选项。
A．It’s a good habit to play sports
B．After school, I usually walk home
C．It’s important to wear right clothes
D．My favorite food is bread and milk
E．I think my school life can give you some help
F．I always talk with them or play sports with them after class
一、阅读理解
左栏是五位同学对自己的学校的描述，右栏是五所学校的介绍，请根据同学们的描述选择对应的学校。
A ． What’s the classroom in Goldington
1 Hello, everyone. My name’s Helen. This School like? Oh, there are many books on everyone’s
is my school. There are five buildings in my school. The desk. The students there like reading. The books are
science building is my favourite. I like science very much. from the school library.
2 Hi, I’m Tony. I like my school. There are B．Ferdown School is for the children (孩子)
many trees in it. I like my classroom, too. There is a of farm workers on Fendown Land. Children love
computer on everyone’s desk. And on the wall is a map of the big playground in it. They do many sports there
England. after school.
3 Welcome to my school! I’m Linda. This C． This is a photo of Greenway School, my
is my classroom. There is a computer on the teacher’s desk. daughter’s school. On the left of the photo is her
On the walls are some pictures and a map of the world. classroom. There is a map of the world and some
4 Hello, my name’s Jack. My parents are pictures on the walls.
farm workers and I go to the school on their farm. There D ． There are five buildings in Lincroft
isn’t any sports hall in it, but there is a big playground. We School. Look! That’s the science building with ten
can play many sports there. science labs. Students like doing experiments (实验)
5 Good morning, Mr Smith. I’m Carla. there.
Welcome to my classroom. That’s my desk. There are E. Westfield School is in the middle of the
many books on everyone’s desk. They’re from the school city, but there are many trees in it. And the
library. classrooms are great. There is a computer on
everyone’s desk.
二、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司Look at the map of our neighborhood. The bank is next to my house. The school is next to the bank. There
are a lot of teachers and they help me learn many subjects. They are very friendly to me. If I want to read books or
surf the Internet (上网冲浪), I can go to the library. It’s on No. 3 Street.
When I get sick (生病), the doctors can give me a hand. Where is the hospital? Can you find it? It’s on No. 2
Street.
There is also a big supermarket in our neighborhood. I can buy a lot of things from there. It’s across from the
bank and my house. But the post office is far from my home. If I want to post a letter, I have to go along First
Avenue and turn right at the turning. Then go along No. 1 Street and turn right again, and the post office is on my
left.
It’s a good place to have fun. Welcome to my neighborhood.
6．Where is the bank?
7．Is there a park next to the house?
8．Where is the hospital?
9．What can you do in the library?
10．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? (no more than 6 words)
三、短文填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hello! My name is Lucy. I am a middle school student. I have two 11 (friend) at school. They
12 (be) Lisa and Mandy. They are from different 13 (country).
Lisa is from Ireland and Mandy is from Australia. Lisa is funny and she often 14 (make) us laugh.
We all like her. She has a lot of good friends. Mandy is quiet. She likes 15 (play) the piano. She can play
it 16 (real) well. Oh, look at this cute dog! 17 (he) name is Titi. He is 18 (Mandy)
pet dog! There is an art building across 19 the classroom building. Mandy often goes there with me. We
spend some time 20 (play) the piano there every day. I like to be friends with them.
学学学科科科网网网（（（北北北京京京）））股股股份份份有有有限限限公公公司司司
