Every little helps
派生法记单词
派生法就是派生构词，是指在词根上加词缀而构成新词。学习词汇、扩大词汇量的最佳途径，是掌握它的
词根以及帮助构成派生词的前缀和后缀。
常见名词后缀
-er 人或工具 teacher -ance 性质或状态 appearance -hood 身份；生活状况childhood
-or 人 actor -ence 行为或性状 difference -ics 学科或某种活动physics
-ist …者，…家 artist -ing feeling-tion education -ery discovery
-man 人 postman -sion television -al arrival
-(i)an 人;…国人 musician -ment 行为的结果 -phone重视声音的工具
-eer …者;…家 engineer -age marriage -ship 状态；身份 friendship
因此在阅读时可使用此方法推测未知单词的含义（包括猜词题）。如在“We are running at full speed
to
-
w
ee
a rds
受
th
…
e r
者
ea l
t
i
r
z
a
a
in
ti
e
o
e
n of our dreams.”
-d一om句 中状，态可；根领据域构 fr词ee法do猜m出“reali -
z
i
a
sm
tio n
…
”
主一义词 的M含arx义is为m“实现”，
这-e样se的 话…地，整方个/国句人子C的hin意es思e理解起来-n就es会s 更性加质准；确状，态可 h译ap为pin“es我s 们都在努力奔跑，我们都是追梦人”。
-mate 有…关系的人roommate -graph 文字；书写 autograph
中考复习专项（一）——名词
真题演练
1. (2020·湖北恩施中考)Wuhan, one of the most important ______ in China, is famous for
the Yellow Crane Tower.
A．cities B．citys C．city
2. (2020·云南昆明中考)A 12-year-old boy from Hunan invented a new kind of window because
of his ______. The window can prevent children from falling out.
A . communication B．celebration C．honest D．creativity
3. (2020·辽宁丹东中考)—Jim, I have ______ in finishing so much work.
—Don't worry. I can help you.
A．ability B．success C．experience D．difficulty
4. (2020·甘肃天水中考)Lily is a friend of ______.
A．Mary's mother's B．Mary's mother's of
C．Mary mother's D．mother's of Mary
5. (2020·湖北孝感中考)—Do you know Liu Hui finally entered a top school?
—Certainly. That's the ______ of his hard work.
A．habit B．suggestion C．result D．decision
思考并总结：中考真题中关于名词的考点主要有哪些？你觉得自己哪一部分最需要加强？
请在下述思维导图中用红笔重点标出自己的易错点并分享出来。知识思维导图
考点专练
考点1：词义辨析
6. (2020·天津中考)—In China, we use red paper for hongbao because red means good
luck.
—That's interesting! I want to know all the Chinese ______.
A．traditions B．sentences C．notices D．problems
7. (2020·武汉中考)—How's Mr. Clark's small company?
—Quite good. It has grown to become a ______ in the international trade.
A．rule B．duty C．power D．sign
8. (2020·湖北黄冈中考)—Why do Chinese people like red?
—Because the color red is the ______ of good luck in China.
A．reason B．hope C．dream D．symbol
9. My cousin Lucy often loses her way because of her bad of direction.
A. experience B. feeling C. sense D. information
10. As you listen, you can write down the key information such as names and numbers.
The
will help you understand and remember what you hear.
A. notes B. photos C. letters D. suggestions
考点2：可数与不可数名词
可数名词与不可数名词的修饰词可数名词 不可数名词
少量 few(否定); a few(肯定) little(否定); a little(肯定);a bit of/bits of
一些 some(用于肯定陈述和委婉请求); some(用于肯定陈述和委婉请求);
any(用于否定句及一般疑问句) any(用于否定句及一般疑问句)
许多 many; a good/great many; much; a great deal of;
a great/good number of; quite a a great/large amount of;
few
a lot of; lots of; plenty of
a lot of; lots of; plenty of
数词 数量小于1：数词+可数名词单数 数词+量词+不可数名词：
数量大于1：数词+可数名词复数 后面的谓语动词取决于量词
指示代词 this; that; these; those this; that
冠词 a; an; the; 零冠词 特指时，用the；零冠词
11. (2020·贵州黔南中考)What ______ good advice you've given me to keep healthy!
A．/ B．a C．an D．the
12. (2020·重庆 A 卷中考)Would you send me some ______ of yours? I miss you very
much!
A．magazines B．photos C．money D．advice
13. (2020·湖南怀化中考)Spending too much ______ playing computer games is bad for
your ______.
A．time; eye B．time; eyes C．times; eyes
14. (2020·江苏连云港中考)______ famous Chinese songs, such as The Song of Kangding
and Jastnine Flowers, were sung during the concert.
A．A number of B．The number of C．A great deal D．A great deal of
15. Tom has made quite a few good friends since he came to China to learn Chinese.
A．only a few B．two or three C．much D．many
考点3：名词所有格
’s用法
1 表示时间、距离、长度等(谓语动词用单数) twenty minutes’ walk, five weeks’ holiday
2 表示自然现象 the earth’s atmosphere, the tree’s branches
3 表示国家城市等地方的名词 China’s capital, Wuhan’s industry
4 表示工作群体 the team’s victory, the ship’s crew
5 表示度量衡及价值 two hours’ walk, a mile’s journey
16. Mr. Black is a teacher of . She and her classmates like him very much.
A. my sister B. my sister’s C. my sisters D. my sisters’
17. (2020·自贡改编)—A boy is flying a kite over there.Who is he?
—He is ______ brother.
A．Lucy's and Lily's B．Lucy and Lily's
C．Lucy's and Lily D. Lucy and Lily
18. --Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here?
--No, it’s about （八分钟的）walk. 易混易错
19. We had to squash up（挤一挤）to make for the others who wanted to use the lift.
A. space B. room C. place D. ground
20. (2020·湖北部分市中考)—What is the ______ of your excellent Taiji?
—Practice makes perfect!
A．result B．purpose C．choice D．secret
21. (2020·内蒙古包头中考)While she was in Milan, she developed a ______ for fine art.
A．way B．relation C．taste D．habit
22. (2020·苏州中考)I don't care how many words there are in your article, but the ______
of it really matters.
A．ability B．size C．quality D．energy
23. (2020·湖北鄂州中考)—What's this?
—It's a paper cutting of Fu. It's a kind of art ______.
A．job B．work C．picture D．symbol
24. (2020·四川达州中考)—It's said that the two ______ doctors have just come back from
Wuhan.
—Yeah, I know them. They are both already in their ______.
A．woman；sixty B．women；sixtieth
C．women；sixties D．woman；sixties
25. — Could you show me the way of cooking the tasty cookies?
— Please follow the on the cookbook.
A. treasure B. standard C. invention D. instruction
26. —Why was Leo’s mother angry wit him?
—Because he made a at home.
A. rule B. record C. mess D. difference
27. The chicken tasted delicious, because my mother tried out a new of cooking.
A. method B. task C. level D. goal
28. If you can speak English well, you will have a great over others during the interview.
A. activity B. article C. agreement D. advantage
29. Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in real will improve
your English skills greatly,
A. conditions B. situations C. events D. positions
30. If you want to play the violin well, you need to do some .
A. challenge B. practice C. pleasure D. attention
31. —Are you going out with Jack tonight?
—That's my . Mind your own!
A. offer B. business C. question D. chance
32. —Any special in this shopping mall now?
—Sure. We have the latest e-products on sale.
A. offer B. price C. brand D. service
33. Yesterday a few came to visit some in Dalin.
A. Germans; places of interest B. Germans; places of interests
C. Germans; places of interest D. Germen; places of interest
34. — What’s it on the board?— It’s a(n) ________ saying that the meeting has been put off.
A. sentence B. message C. notice D. poster
35. Tommy has worked in Beijing for over ten years. In his mind, this place has become
his second .
A. home B. family C. house D. hometown
36. At the meeting they discussed three different_________to the study of mathematics.
A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways
37. —Kate, I’m going shopping. Anything to buy for you
—Yes, that will save me a .
A. hand B. trip C. visit D. bill
38. The old house holds all Kate’s childhood memories, so it would break her to leave
there.
A. courage B. hope C. right D. heart
39. She found it difficult to make her son see . He is too young to understand.
A. reason B. mistake C. chance D. cause
40. Being good at reading on people’s faces helps Bob get on well with his
classmates.
A. attention B. expression C. suggestions D. directions
41. —How do you like your new math teacher?
—She is very strict with us and she gave us 50 to solve yesterday.
A. answers B. ways C. problems D. jobs
42. Don’t stand too close to North Americans. You’d better give them more personal
.
A. time B. system C. place D. space
43. --I’m sorry I steeped outside for a smoke. I was very tired.
-- There’s no for this while you are on duty.
A. reason B. excuse C. cause D. chance
44. Yuan Longping is one of the (hero) in my heart. We should thank him.
45. Some people believe water yoga really helps people keep away from (ill).
46. —Winnie, I hear you want to be a teacher in the future.
—That’s right. Staying with kids will bring me a lot of (pleasure).
47. —I don’t know how to use this app.
—Ask Jimmy for help. He has a lot of (experience)in doing it.
48. 选词：
noise/sound/voice
1) _______ can travel over very large distances in water.
2) The _______ out in the street was deafening(震耳欲聋).
3) She has a soft _______ .
综合提升
Several years ago, my father retired(退休). His health 1 was not that good. And not long after
he had a serious heart attack. Although the doctor gave him a second life, something inside him
died - his love for life was gone.I asked Dad to come to live with me on my small 2 , hoping the fresh air and natural
environment could help him. Within a week after he moved in, I 3 the invitation---he was
unsatisfied with everything I did.
One day, I read an article saying pet dogs would make some 4 . So I drove to the animal
shelter. As soon as I got there, a dog’s 5 caught my attention.
A staff member said, “His time is up tomorrow, for we don’t have much 6 for every
unclaimed(无人认领的) dog.”
“You mean you’re going to 7 him?” I turned to the man, then I said, “I’ll take him.”
I drove home with the dog. I was helping it out of the 8 when Dad walked onto the front porch.
“Look what I got you!” I said excitedly.
Dad’s face clouded. “I don’t want it,” he said, turning back towards the 9 . Then, suddenly, the
dog 10 free from my grasp. He sat down in front of my Dad.
Dad came to feel 11 , and soon he was hugging the dog.
This was the beginning of a warm 12 . Dad named the dog Alvin. Together they spent long
hours walking down the woods and got 13 on the banks of the river.
Then, late one night two years later, I felt Alvin’s cold 14 searching through my bed covers--he
had never before come into my bedroom at night. So I quickly ran into my father’s room and
found that he had passed away.
Two days later, my shock and sadness deepened when I discovered Alvin lying 15 beside
Dad’s bed. As I put him under the ground near their favorite stream, I silently thanked the dog for
rebuilding Dad’s peace of mind.
1. A. problem B. condition C. convenience D. appearance
2. A. farm B. village C. house D. mountain
3. A. regretted B. refused C. copied D. accepted
4. A. mistakes B. effort C. difference D. effect
5. A. owner B. eyes C. body D. house
6. A. room B. energy C. knowledge D. information
7. A. keep B. sell C. kill D. return
8. A. car B. farm C. house D. bike
9. A. dog B. car C. river D. house
10. A. set B. ran C. pulled D. stayed
11. A. lonely B. healthy C. disappointed D. pleased
12. A. talk B. welcome C. friendship D. day
13. A. frightened B. relaxed C. bored D. excited
14. A. nose B. face C. head D. mouth
15. A. ill B. alive C. dead D. sad
阅读链接
What’s in your face?
Your face might be the most unique (特别的) part of your physical appearance. Everyone has
something about their face that's a little different. And that difference makes facial recognition (面
部识别) possible.This technology can be seen in many films. In the sci-fi classic 2001: A Space Odyssey, a
powerful AI-controlled computer called HAL9000 is able to “read” the emotions(情绪) of human
astronauts by scanning (扫描) their faces. And in the 1987 action film Robocop, a суbоrg (半人半
机器) police officer identifies (识别) a criminal (罪犯) by scanning his photo and finding it in
a computer.
Today, facial recognition tech has become reality. It is mainly used as a security measure (安保
手段) or to identify criminals.
In 2018, facial recognition technology was used to identify and catch criminals who were
attending concerts by Hong Kong singer Jacky Cheung. And if you have a recent model of.
Apple's iPhone, you probably already know that you can unlock the phone with your face. But
those are just a few of the things we can use facial recognition for. The possibilities, it seems, are
endless.
Take Grab for example. Grab is a ride-hailing (叫车服务) company in southeast Asia that uses
facial recognition technology to ensure passenger safety. The technology works by scanning the
faces of both the driver and the passenger, allowing passengers to make sure that they have been
matched up with the correct driver.
Retailers (零售商) are also looking to facial recognition technology to drive business by
personalizing (个性化定制) the shopping experience for customers. Facial recognition can allow
retailers to “see” what their shoppers are actually looking at in stores. Later, they use this
information to provide suggestions for future purchases (购买).
1. What function of facial recognition in movies has become reality?
A. Reading people' s emotions. B. Identifying criminals.
C. Calling taxis. D. Unlocking phones.
2. The example in Paragraph 5 shows us that .
A. facial recognition is used in many areas
B. people can call taxis by scanning their face
C. facial recognition can keep people safe
D. security in southeast Asia is poor
3. Which of the following facts about facial recognition is NOT mentioned in the story?
A. It is dangerous sometimes.
B. It is used for security reasons.
C. It can help catch criminals.
D. It can help with business.
