【好题汇编】2024 年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（新高考专用)
专题 03 阅读理解（说明文）
（2024届·河北石家庄·一模）Change can be unsettling. Good or bad, exciting or unexpected, there’s an
undeniable anxiety that accompanies seeing our lives shift. Thankfully, nature reminds us that entering a new
season in our lives is nothing to fear but something to enjoy.
What’s now known as “leaf-peeping” has become a highly profitable form of tourism in the United States. A
research shows that across states in the eastern half of the country, fall foliage (叶子) tourism contributes more than
$30 billion to local economies. And even though climate change has made int more difficult to predict when exactly
foliage will peak, it hasn’t stopped people from trying to figure it out. Tourism leaders from the Smoky Mountains
recently released their annual fall foliage prediction map which helps travelers plan out when they have the best
chance to catch those beautiful autumn views.
Perhaps part of what makes the foliage so special is the belief that it’s temporary. Eventually, branches will
become bare, and we’ll stop taking photos for social media. And as the seasons change and we feel that familiar
longing for what was, trees will once again embrace (欣然接受) their evolution.
Even when they aren’t decorated with flashy fall colors and their internal systems slow down, trees are still
supporting the ecosystem. Their fallen leaves are broken down by bacteria and fungi and provide the soil with
nutrients the tree needs to grow. Insects take up shelter in their bark, eventually becoming food for other wildlife
seeking a place to nest. Their strong roots stabilize the soil, preventing erosion (侵蚀) from winter snowmelt.
Right now, trees around the country are already beginning to welcome their next chapter. During this time of
the year, it feels like forests are just offering endless joy for free. And fall foliage is an everlasting reminder that the
growth with changes is beautiful.
1．What does “leaf-peeping” refer to?
A．A form of tourism where people go to see fall foliage.
B．A measure taken by tourism leaders to protect trees.
C．A research about the effects of climate change on trees.
D．A method for predicting when fall foliage will peak.
2．Why do people find fall foliage so special?
A．It brings change to daily life. B．It contributes to local economy.
C．It helps preserve ecosystems. D．It lasts only for a short time.
3．What can we learn about trees in fall from paragraph 4?
A．They are easily damaged by bacteria. B．They stop rooting due to cold weather.
C．They continue providing shelter for wildlife. D．They play a role in reducing snowfall.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Trees Supporting the Ecosystem B．Lesson from Trees: Embracing Change
C．Fall Foliage Tourism in the US D．Climate Changes in the Season of Fall（2024 届·湖南·湖南师大附中校联考一模）Digital reading appears to be destroying habits of “deep
reading”. Astonishing numbers of people with years of schooling are in effect illiterate. This month’s Ljubljana
Manifesto (宣言) explains: “The digital field may promote more reading than ever in history, but it also offers
many temptations to read in a superficial and scattered (零散的) manner — or even not to read at all. This
increasingly endangers higher-level reading.”
That’s frightening, because “higher-level reading” has been essential to civilization. It enabled the
enlightenment and an international increase in empathy. Without it, we would suffer a lot. As the Ljubljana
Manifesto notes, “as much as one-third of Europeans struggle even with lower-level reading skills.” More than one-
fifth of adults in the US “fall into the illiterate/functionally illiterate category”. Separately, post-pandemic reading
scores for American 13-year-olds are the lowest in decades. And the Washington-based Center for Global
Development recently estimated that literacy in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa among those with five years of
schooling has decreased by 10% this past half century.
Experts in the Ljubljana Manifesto record the demerits of digital reading: “Recent studies of various kinds
indicate a decline of critical and conscious reading, slow reading, non-strategic reading and long-form reading.”
When you read a book on paper, you can be entirely inside the experience, absorb hundreds of pages of details
thoroughly and begin to capture the world’s complexity. Online, says Maryanne Wolf of UCLA, we are “skimming,
scanning, scrolling”. The medium is the message: doing deep reading on your phone is as hard as playing tennis
with your phone. Recently, a bright 11-year-old told me I was wasting time on books: he absorbed more
information faster from Wikipedia. He had a point. But digital readers also absorb more misinformation and seldom
absorb fine perspectives.
In short, as professors from Northwestern University foresaw in 2005, we are returning to the days when only
an elite (精英) “reading class” consumes long texts, which is worrying.
5．What can we learn about digital reading from paragraph 1?
A．Digital reading has solved the problem of illiteracy.
B．Digital reading has lessened the practice of deep reading.
C．Digital reading has made deep reading accessible to wider readers.
D．Digital reading has aroused a greater appreciation for deep reading.
6．What is the purpose of the figures used in paragraph 2?
A．To display the popularity of digital reading.
B．To highlight the advantages of deep reading.
C．To present the unfavorable situation of literacy.
D．To stress the illiterate’s lower-level reading skills.
7．What does the underlined word “demerits” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Effects. B．Depths. C．Features. D．Drawbacks.
8．What might be talked about in the following paragraph?
A．Advantages of digital reading. B．Benefits of higher-level reading.C．Ways to encourage digital reading. D．Measures to practice deep reading.
（2024届·海南·校联考一模）For the first time, scientists have grown plants in the moon soil collected by
NASA’s Apollo astronauts. The scientists had no idea if anything would grow in the moon dirt. They wanted to see
if it could be used to grow food by the next generation of moon explorers. The results surprised them. Plants
actually can grow in lunar (月球的) soil.
The researchers planted thale cress (芥蓝), a small flowering plant, in moon soil returned from the Apollo
missions. The good news was that all of the seeds grew. The bad news was that after the first week the lunar soil
stressed the plants so much that they grew slowly. Most of the moon plants ended up stunted—meaning small or
not fully developed.
The longer the soil was exposed to radiation and solar wind on the moon, the worse the plants seemed to do.
The soil collected by the Apollo 11 mission was the least helpful for growth. It was exposed a couple billion years
longer to the elements.
Scientists said, “This is a big step forward to know that we can grow plants. The real next step is to go and do
it on the surface of the moon.”
Moon dirt is full of glass particles from micrometeorite (微小陨石) impacts. One solution might be to use
younger geologic spots on the moon, like lava flows, for digging up soil. The environment also could be changed
by adding special nutrient (营养物) mixtures or artificial lighting.
Only 382 kilograms of moon rocks and soil were brought back by the six Apollo erews that landed on the
moon. Most of them are still locked away, forcing researchers to experiment with soil made of volcanic ash on
Earth.
Early last year NASA finally gave out 12 grams of soil to the University of Florida researchers for the planting
experiment. NASA said the timing for such an experiment was finally right with the space agency looking to put
astronauts back on the moon in a few years.
9．What is the result of the planting experiment with lunar soil?
A．The plants couldn’t grow normally. B．It was difficult for the seeds to grow.
C．They were struck by some diseases. D．The soil was too stressed for the plants to grow.
10．What is the final purpose of this experiment?
A．To create a new crop. B．To improve lunar soil.
C．To plant on the moon. D．To find the right amount of light.
11．Why did the scientists use volcanic ash for testing?
A．Lunar soil cannot be brought back by humans. B．Lunar soil was difficult to obtain for testing.
C．Lunar soil is not suitable for planting. D．Lunar soil is the same as volcanic ash.
12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Future Astronauts Will Grow Food on the Moon
B．It’s Time to Study Growing Crops on the Moon
C．Lunar Soil Consists of Tiny Glass ParticlesD．Scientists Grow Plants in Dirt from the Moon
（2024届·广东汕头·校考一模）Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows,
while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-
kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race
walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at
all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg,
an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers
moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里) per hour, which is approximately
twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000
or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her
research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do
not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon
among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people
with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race
walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes
some practice.
13．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A．They must run long distances. B．They are qualified for the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules. D．They are good at swinging their legs.
14．What advantage does race walking have over running?
A．It’s more popular at the Olympics. B． It’s less challenging physically.
C． It’s more effective in body building. D． It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
15．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?
A．Getting experts’ opinions. B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach. D．Doing regular exercises.
16．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?
A．Skeptical. B．Objective. C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.
（2024届·江西萍乡·萍乡中学校考一模）Imagine you’re out for an evening stroll in a foreign city, looking
to find a restaurant for dinner. If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most
diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. But is this true?
Naturally copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as
“herd behaviour”. It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals, a common examplebeing sheep. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. After all, there’s “safety in numbers”.
Psychology research suggests that the phenomenon relies on the existence of social connections or patterns
between individuals as well as specific mechanisms of passing on information. A key prerequisite (前提) is the
human ability to “mentalise”, which means being able to read and interpret someone else’s mental state and using
the information to explain their choices.
Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which emerges when the judgement of individual group
members are independently collected to produce an average opinion, herd behavior typically rely on so-called
“information cascades (信息瀑布) ”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically
assessing the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of irrational (不理性的) or simply stupid
behaviors. Consequently, herding can have many undesirable outcomes, including unfavorable influences on
consumer choices, like in the restaurant example above.
However, it seems there is no quick and easy fix to resist the lure of herd behaviour. Instead, long-term attitude
changes may be necessary, which could involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards their peers’
opinion, and questioning others’ behavior as opposed to blindly following them.
17．Which of the following can be called “herd behaviour” ?
A．Choosing the most crowded restaurant to dine in.
B．Asking friends for suggestions when in confusion.
C．Running out immediately when the fire bell rings.
D．Analyzing a product carefully before buying it.
18．An important condition for herd behaviour lies in _______.
A．explaining life patterns
B．understanding social connections
C．comprehending others’ mental state
D．sharing information among individuals
19．What leads to the herd behaviour?
A．Wisdom of crowds. B．Uncertain outcomes.
C．Lack of rational analyses. D．Enough individual opinions.
20．How can people avoid the the herd behaviour?
A．Never follow the trend. B．Keep a questioning mind.
C．Say no to any popular events. D．Stand opposite against the public.
（2024届·江西萍乡·萍乡中学校考一模）Late nights, early starts, nightmares, anxiety, children ... there are
so many things that can cut into our shut-eye. When does that threaten our health — and what can we do about it?
To start with the basics: if you are getting anywhere from seven to nine hours a night, you’re probably fine.
But you should certainly get concerned with consistently sleeping less than seven hours a night, and really
concerned if it dropped to six or below. “If you are waking up a lot in the night, this will impact the quantity and
quality of your sleep, which can lead to harm in your immune system, impairment in gut (肠道) health and manyother side-effects,” says Christopher Barker, a personal trainer and sleep management adviser. “It may be an
indicator of a sleep disorder or another underlying health condition — if you’re concerned about any of these
issues, it’s worth talking to your doctor.”
So what is your best bet for catching some quality Zs? Well, start during the day. Try to expose yourself to
sunlight during the day to keep your circadian rhythms on track. Physical activity can also help: sleep and exercise
have a bidirectional relationship. In a 2022 poll, participants who undertook vigorous physical activity tended to
fall asleep faster, woke up less during the night and woke up feeling refreshed, compared with non-exercisers.
When it’s time for bed, make sure you turn in at a reasonably consistent hour, and keep your sleep hygiene in
shape. “You should try to keep your weekend routine within one to two hours of your weekday one, and keep them
highly consistent,” says Barker. “I’d also suggest keeping your bedroom free of electronics, and keep it cool and
dark. I often work with athletes, and one of the first things I ask them to do is activate their devices’ night mode,
which cuts down on the emission of blue light that can impede sleep. Ideally, stay off all of your devices for an hour
before bed.”
Oh, and taking a deep breath really can work: there is evidence that it activates your parasympathetic nervous
system (副交感神经系统) and winds you down.
21．Why does the author mention “so many things” in the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the topic. B．To make comparisons.
C．To support his/her argument. D．To seek opinions.
22．What may be an indicator of a sleep disorder?
A．Deep breath. B．Gut discomfort.
C．Sufficient bedtime. D．Sleep consistency.
23．How can we get quality Zs?
A．Exercise regularly. B．Work with athletes.
C．Keep weekends busy. D．Activate digital devices.
24．What’s the text mainly about?
A．Stress from a poor sleep.
B．Trend of sleeping less at night.
C．Bad habits that threaten our health.
D．Ways to get a consistent good sleep.
（2024届·江西景德镇·统考一模）The PAL-V Liberty is a revolutionary vehicle that can travel on both land
and air. It is the world’s first commercial flying car, and it is now available for pre-order. The PAL-V Liberty is
developed by a Dutch company called PAL-V International B．V., which stands for Personal Air and Land Vehicle.
The company has been working on the project since 2001, and has successfully tested the prototype in 2012.
The PAL-V Liberty is a two-seater hybrid car and gyroplane, which means it has a three-wheeled chassis and a
foldable rotor on top. It can switch between driving mode and flying mode in about 10 minutes, with the help of a
semi-automatic system. It has a top speed of 160 km/h on the road and 180 km/h in the air, and can fly up to 500km on a single tank of fuel. It uses regular gasoline, and can be refueled at any gas station.
The PAL-V Liberty is expected to be delivered to customers in 2023, alter obtaining the necessary
certifications from aviation authorities. The company claims that the vehicle meets the existing regulations of both
cars and aircrafts, and that it is safe and easy to operate. However, the PAL-V Liberty is not a cheap vehicle, nor is
it accessible to everyone. It costs599,000 euros (about 4.7 million yuan) for the Pioneer Edition, which includes
flight training courses, power heating and personalization options. There is also a cheaper Sport Edition, which
costs 299,000 euros (about 2.3 million yuan), but it has less features and requires the buy er to pay an additional
10,000 euros(about 78,000 yuan) for flight training.
To drive the PAL-V Liberty, one needs both a driving license and a pilot license. The vehicle also requires a
runway or airstrip to take off and land, as it cannot do so vertically like a helicopter. The company says it has
received 70 orders for the vehicle so far, mostly from customers in Europe and North America. The PAL-V Liberty
is a groundbreaking innovation that could change the future of transportation, but it also faces many challenges and
limitations.
25．What’s the limitation of the Pioneer Edition of the PAL-V Liberty?
A．Lack of customized selection. B．Failure to land and take off vertically
C．Extra money to be paid for flight training. D．Disagreement with the existing traffic rules.
26．What can we infer about from the passage?
A．The PAL-V Liberty has been used in our daily life.
B．If you have a pilot license, you can drive the PAL-V Liberty.
C．It can switch between driving and flying mode in a short time
D．The Sport Edition is more attractive features than the Pioneer Edition.
27．What's the author’s attitude towards the PAL-V Liberty?
A．favorable B．skeptical C．objective D．indifference
28．What is the best title for the article?
A．The Dutch Innovation B．The Future of Transportation
C．The Hybrid Car and the Gyroplane D．The World’s First Commercial Flying Car
（2024届·吉林·统考一模）A revolution has recently taken place in behavioural biology. Its consequences
are far-reaching, both for our self-image as humans and for our relationship with animals. Just a few decades ago,
behavioural science was guided by two key beliefs: animals cannot think, and no scientific statements can be made
about their emotions. Today, the same discipline holds both ideas to be false and assumes the very opposite:
animals of some species are capable of insight – they can recognize themselves in a mirror and exhibit at least a
basic sense of self-awareness – and they have rich emotional lives that seem to be amazingly similar to those of
humans.
Indeed, the transformation of the concept of the animal in modern behavioural biology has been fundamental.
This has been confirmed by the death of a third belief: for decades, it was taught that animals behave for the good
of their species. Today we know this is not the case. Rather, animals do everything to ensure that copies of their
own genes are passed to the next generation with maximum efficiency and, when necessary, they will also killconspecifics. Clearly, they are not, as Jane Goodall had once famously hoped, ‘like us, but better’.
The border between humans and animals is also beginning to blur in other areas. Certain aspects of the social
environment can cause stress for both humans and animals, while other similar factors can relieve it. Indeed, animal
behaviour does not develop in a fixed manner: environmental influences, socialisation, and learning can change an
animal from the prenatal phase (胎儿期) through adulthood. Like humans, animals ultimately appear individualised
upon closer inspection.
However, such similarities across genes, brain structure, and the endocrine (内分泌的) system do not
automatically imply similarities concerning thoughts, feelings, and behaviour. To better understand these
characteristics, we need to look at specific studies in both animals and humans. In the case of animals, such studies
take place within the field of behavioural biology, which was properly defined by one of the fathers of the
discipline, the Nobel Prize winner Nikolaas Tinbergen, as ‘the study of behaviour by biological methods’.
29．According to the new research, some animals___________.
A．possess rich emotions. B．can hardly recognize themselves.
C．can show little self-awareness. D．are incapable of understanding.
30．It can be inferred that animals’ behavioural actions are mainly driven by __________.
A．their desire to protect their species.
B．their ability to recognize themselves in mirrors.
C．their urge to guarantee the gene transmission.
D．their eagerness to be socially interacted.
31．Which of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 3?
A．There’s a clear distinction between humans and animals.
B．Social environment may have an impact on animal behavior.
C．Animals will eventually become standardized.
D．Learning alone can shape animal behaviour altogether.
32．Which of the following titles best summarizes the article?
A．Evolution of Views in Behavioral Biology: Typical Human, Typical Animal?
B．The Emotional Lives of Animals: A Study of Similarities and Differences with Humans
C．Understanding the Blurred Boundaries: The Human – Animal Connection in Modern Science
D．Past and Present: How Behavioral Biology Views Animals
（2024届·吉林·统考一模）Behind the Mask
Wearing the face of Patih Manis, a character in Bali’s dance dramas, means more than simply putting on a
tapel, or mask.
“When you dance with a tapel and perform its character, you undergo a transformation,”says I Made Bandem,
a scholar and teacher of Balinese arts – and a dancer for seven decades. “You must’marry’that mask and make ritual
(仪式) offerings to create unity between yourself and the tapel. Many dancers will sleep with the mask beside them,
so that they can learn its true character.”Hand – carved tapel are essential to Topeng Pajegan and Topeng Panca, dance dramas often held at temple
festivals and family rituals across this Indonesian island. The masks, along with delicate costumes, music that
makes you sleep, and staccato movements – sometimes only of the fingers – have attracted Balinese audiences
since the 17th century. The stories staged in Pajegan and Panca tell the history of the Balinese people, and the
characters never change: Their appearance, movements, roles, and even the order in which they emerge remain the
same. Yet in spite of this structure, topeng leave room for a great deal of artistic freedom. With no written text and
no required musical arrangement, the entire performance which can last around four hours will be an improvisation
– dancers and musicians drawing signals from one another.
It’s believed that every mask used for performance has a spirit. And if the correct offerings and taboos have
been observed and the dancers have devoted themselves to mental, physical, and spiritual training, then during a
dance drama their bodies will become a medium for the tapel’s spirit.
“A dancer strives to achieve taksu, which is a combination of presence, power, and passion, ”says
Bandem.“This is what we pray for before we perform; it is through taksu that we bring the ancestors and their
stories to life.”
33．What can we learn about tapel from the first two paragraphs?
A．Tapel refers to a character’s name.
B．Tapel is supposed to be with the dancers all along.
C．Tapel builds a bridge between the dancer and the true character.
D．Tapel experiences dramatic changes when worn by a dancer.
34．All the following can attract the audience at the dance dramas mentioned except________.
A．Well-designed costumes. B．Balinese stories. C．Uplifting music.D ． Artistic
freedom.
35．Which one can better explain the meaning of “improvisation” in the third paragraph?
A．A performance created casually. B．A performance with full preparation.
C．A performance given perfectly terribly. D．A performance without deliberate preparation.
36．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．Taksu is a Balinese dancer’s pursuit. B．The story behind the mask.
C．Tapel’s spirit is impossible to overlook. D．Taksu is a medium to connect the past and the present.
（2024届·海南·校联考一模）Auke-Florian Hiemstra is a Dutch scientist who studies how wild animals use
materials made by humans. “Almost anything can become part of a bird nest,” he says. But he was surprised when
someone at a hospital in Antwerp, Belgium sent him a picture of a magpie (喜鹊) nest. The top of the nest had thin
metal spikes (刺) pointing out all over. The metal spikes were “anti-bird spikes”, which are usually placed on
buildings to prevent birds from landing. But this time, the birds used the spikes to make a nest.
In time, the researchers learned about several other nests in Europe that also used anti-bird spikes. Some were
magpie nests; others were made by crows (乌鸦). “These are the craziest bird nests I’ve ever seen,” says Mr.
Hiemstra. Magpies and crows are known for being clever. The two kinds of birds are related, and are famous forbeing able to solve challenging problems.
But the birds didn’t use the spikes in exactly the same ways. The crows used the spikes on the inside of their
nests to help make the nests more stable. Magpies have to worry about other birds, including crows, stealing their
eggs. Normally, they use thorny (多刺的) branches to build a spiky rounded cover over their nests. But in this case,
they appeared to use the spikes like humans do—putting them on top of their nests to keep other birds from
landing. Mr. Hiemstra says the magpie nest found in Antwerp had about 1, 500 spikes in it.
It’s common for birds to use all kinds of man-made materials in their nests, which can both help and hurt the
birds. For example, chemicals from cigarette butts can keep insect pests away, but they can also poison the birds.
Bits of string may help birds build nests, but baby birds can get trapped in them. It’s not clear if spikes in nests
cause any problems for the birds. But it’s probably more common than we know.
37．What was Auke-Florian Hiemstra surprised at?
A．Wild animals can use man-made materials.
B．Anything can become a part of a bird nest.
C．Magpies will make nests on top of a hospital.
D．Birds use anti-bird spikes to build their nests.
38．What are crows and magpies famous for?
A．Having a close relationship.
B．Being smart enough to overcome trouble.
C．Making the craziest bird nests by themselves.
D．Going through anti-bird spikes into buildings.
39．Why do crows use anti-bird spikes?
A．To build a cover over their nests. B．To keep other birds from landing.
C．To further strengthen their nests. D．To protect their eggs from magpies.
40．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The commonness of birds using man-made materials.
B．The risk that birds using man-made materials.
C．The diversity of materials birds might choose for their nests.
D．The advantages and disadvantages of birds using man-made materials.
（2024 届·吉林长春·统考一模）For all of human history, eating meat has meant killing animals. But
scientists behind lab-grown meat say that’s no longer necessary. They produce meat by growing cells obtained from
an animal’s body.
Lab-grown meat, also called “cell-cultivated” or “cultured” meat, is made by feeding a mix of nutrients to
animal cells in steel tanks in labs. The idea is to create an alternative to agriculturally raised meat. And unlike other
meat substitutes which are made from plant proteins and other ingredients, lab-grown meat is real meat. When
ready, the meat is formed into shapes such as sausages or nuggets (块), and looks, smells and tastes like any other
grocery store version,Recently, the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has given two companies approval
to sell lab-grown chicken. The approval launches a new era of meat production aimed at eliminating harm to
animals, and reducing the environmental impacts of grazing (放牧) and growing feed for animals. Scientists warn
that the typical way meat is produced now, in concentrated animal feeding operations, is a risk factor for the
emergence of diseases. Lab-grown meat is more sustainable and can be produced without antibiotics, and without
producing greenhouse gas emissions linked to animal agriculture.
“Everything we know about how meat can be made is going to change. But don’t expect to see cultivated meat
in grocery stores just yet,” said Uma Valeti, CEO of UPSIDE Foods. Lab-grown chicken is much more expensive,
because it cannot yet be produced on the scale of traditional meat.
“To make cultivated meat, energy use needs are high,” said Bruce Friedrich, president and founder of the
Good Food Institute, a nonprofit group that promotes alternative proteins. However, the disadvantage of high
energy needs will be offset by the reduction in land and water use and other benefits. If cultured meat is produced
on a large scale, it could also offer a solution to feeding the world’s growing population.
41．What do we know about lab-grown meat?
A．It is abundant in plant proteins.
B．It can be bought in grocery stores.
C．It is generated from animals’ cells.
D．It tastes more delicious than traditional meat.
42．What is the potential benefit of lab-grown meat?
A．Higher safety for eating.
B．Lower costs for restaurants.
C．Improvements in traditional agriculture.
D．Positive impacts on climate change and animals.
43．What problem does the author mention in paragraph 4?
A．It is hard to produce lab-grown meat in quantity.
B．The USDA doesn’t approve the sale of lab-grown meat.
C．Many people raise doubts about the safety of lab-grown meat.
D．Lab-grown meat can disturb competition in the meat industry.
44．What does the underlined word “offset” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Balanced. B．Satisfied. C．Increased. D．Exchanged.
（2024届·广东肇庆·统考一模）Healthy human skin is covered with bacteria (细菌) that are quick to settle
in an open wound. To prevent these organisms from spreading through the body, which can permanently injure or
kill a person, the infected wound may need to be cleaned and treated with antibiotics. Medical professionals
typically identify infections by unwrapping and observing a wound or by swabbing (用拭子擦拭) it and conducting
a laboratory test. But removing a wound dressing can slow down the healing process. Plus, observations are
subjective, while swab tests take time and require that a patient be physically present.To address these issues, some research teams are developing devices that sit under bandages and continuously
monitor indirect signs of infection, such as changes in wound temperature or acidity. And scientists at the National
University of Singapore have now created an even more direct infection sensor.
This sensor can detect an enzyme (酶) called DNase. The enzyme acts as a reliable infection indicator because
disease-causing bacteria produce it in large amounts inside wounds, whereas bacteria on healthy skin do not—so
testing for the substance reduces the chance of a false positive result. Furthermore, DNase builds up before other
infection signs appear. The new alert system, nicknamed the“wireless infection detection on wounds” (WINDOW)
sensor, was detailed in Science Advances.
WINDOWs enzyme-sensing parts rely on a material called DNAgel. There searchers developed a particular
kind of DNAgel that remains stable in watery environments, such as the human body, but begins to break down in
the presence of DNase. They connected this gel (凝胶) to a chip that senses when the gel responds by sending a
signal to a smartphone.
Thus far, the team has exposed the DNAgel to wound swabs from 18 people’s wounds to see how much the
material degraded in the presence of the bacteria. There searchers also used the device on six living lab mice whose
wounds were exposed to the same bacterial species, and it successfully detected infections.
45．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The harm of common wounds.
B．The treatment of infected wounds.
C．The intervention on wound healing.
D．The dilemma of infection observation.
46．How does the WINDOW sensor detect infections?
A．By comparing wound acidity.
B．By detecting the DNase enzyme.
C．By measuring the bacteria amount.
D．By observing changes in wound color.
47．What can we expect of the WINDOW sensor in the future?
A．It will cut down the length of infection-treating.
B．It could reduce the cost of infection observation.
C．It can monitor wounds continuously and remotely.
D．It might help conduct laboratory tests on wounds.
48．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Innovations in Wound Infection Detection
B．Removing the Dangers of Open Wounds
C．Recognizing the Role of DNase in Healing
D．Challenges in Wound Care and Treatment
（2024届·山西吕梁·校联考一模）It wasn’t until 1985 that an exploration led by Robert Ballard and Jean-Louis Michel discovered the Titanic’s final resting place. Shortly after, Ballard urged the U. S. Congress to declare
the ruins to be a memorial. In July 1986, Ballard placed a plaque (牌匾) on the ship, asking that the site be left
undisturbed in memory of the more than 1, 500 people who died there.
But that didn’t happen. More than a century after the ship’s sinking, interest in the Titanic is insatiable.
Although most satisfy their curiosity by visiting the museums, exhibitions, and permanent collections around the
world dedicated to the ruins, those able to pay for a ticket desire to see it for themselves.
The first official salvage (打捞) effort was undertaken by the Titanic Ventures Limited Partnership (TVLP)
and L’Institut Francais de Recherche pour 1’Exploitation de la Mer in 1987, when around 1, 800 items of treasure
were collected and conserved. In 1992, a federal court ruled TVLP was the first and exclusive salvager of the
Titanic— though in following decades, the company pushed for more. The company has conducted eight
explorations to the Titanic while giving rise to a small but pricey tourism market. Researchers, salvagers, and even
filmmakers like James Cameron, who directed the 1997 blockbuster film Titanic, have made countless trips to the
wreck. And for a pretty penny, tourists have been able to go too.
The Titanic was damaged significantly upon impact with the seabed, and slowly, iron-eating bacteria is
consuming what remains. Less than a decade after it was found, rapid worsening was being noticed. In 2019, a dive
confirmed huge portions of the ship were collapsing.
Today the surrounding site is littered with trash, including beer and soda bottles, chains, and cargo nets from
salvage efforts. Visitors have also littered the area with plaques and memorials. In 2001, a couple was even married
in a submersible resting on the Titanic’s bow.
49．What was Ballard’s purpose of planting a plaque on the Titanic?
A．To protect the sunk wreck. B．To build a marine memorial.
C．To honor his dead teammates. D．To prepare for next discovery.
50．What does the underlined word “insatiable” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Easily satisfied.B．On the decline. C．Growing steadily. D．Under criticism.
51．What is the feature of the journey to the Titanic?
A．It is mostly for treasure. B．It is money-consuming.
C．It is filmmaker-targeted. D．It is accessible to most people.
52．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Salvage efforts are in vain. B．The ship is loaded with trash.
C．Visitors do damage to the ship. D．Underwater wedding enjoys popularity.
