绝密★启用前
2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷III)
英 语
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）
第一节 （共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an
origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe
directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.（West Park Presbyterian Church,165 W.86th St.212-868-
4444.）
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her
private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs.
Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.（Schoenfeld，236 W.45th
St.212-239-6200.）
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of
America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.
（Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.）
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and
Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star’s love during a cross-
country train journey. Scott Ellis directs, for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin
Feb.12.（American Airlines Theatre, 227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.）
21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?.
A.A type of art.
B.A teenager's studio.
C.A great teacher.
D.A group of animals.
22. Who is the director of The Audience?
A. Helen Mirren.
B. Peter Morgan.
C. Dylan Baker.
D. Stephen Daldry.
23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A. Animals Out of Paper.
B. The Audience.
C. Hamilton.
D. On the Twentieth Century.
B
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western
creative.
"It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says
Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some
of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140
pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of
exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled
the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that
there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and
fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are
not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top
Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary
fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano,
Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing
fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,"
she says. "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you
talk about fashion today, you are talking about China —its influences, its direction, its
breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many
ways."
24.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A. It promoted the sales of artworks.
B. It attracted a large number of visitors.
C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
25.What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A. They are setting the fashion.
B. They start many fashion campaigns.
C. They admire super models.
D. They do business all over the world.
26.What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning from
B. looking down on
C. working with
D.
competing against
27.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
C
Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America,
usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these
amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich
people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal
to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking
place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"— a term referring to papers made widely
available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant
newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy
single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the
printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few
years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of
single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged —and some of the
older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper " caught the
public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the
early ventures(企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were
owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and
daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
28.Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?
A. Academic.
B. Unattractive.
C. Inexpensive.
D. Confidential.
29.What did street sales mean to newspapers?
A. They would be priced higher.
B. They would disappear from cities.
C. They could have more readers.
D. They could regain public trust.
30.Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A. Local politicians.
B. Common people.
C. Young publishers.
D. Rich businessmen.
31.What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
A. It was a difficult process.
B. It was a temporary success.
C. It was a robbery of the poor.
D. It was a disaster for printers.
D
Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols
consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The
researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team,
described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one
part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were
shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would
have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with
seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of
the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the
higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just
memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the
monkeys tended to underestimate（低估）a sum compared with a single symbol when the two
were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The
underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to
the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction（小部分）of the smaller number to it.
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr.
Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big
number than the little one.”
32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
A. They fed them.
B. They named them.
C. They trained them.
D. They measured them.
33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?
A. By drawing a circle.
B. By touching a screen.
C. By watching videos.
D. By mixing two drinks.
34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?
A. They could perform basic addition.
B. They could understand simple words.
C. They could memorize numbers easily.
D. They could hold their attention for long.
35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Health.
C. Education.
D. Science.
第二节 （共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多
余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very
important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, these are obviously many other
situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their
particular circumstance.
Do's
• 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking
questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management
system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.
38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it
safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid
experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the
situation to the professor.
39
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student
attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If
there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course
evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do’s and don’ ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）
第一节 （共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白
处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get
direct sunlight from late September to mid-March— 41 six months out of the year.
Of course, we 42 it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s
tourism office. “We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a
44 day.”
But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from
neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rjukan 47
their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were
put to 48 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with
the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated
beam（束）of light onto the town’s central 51 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600
square meters. When the light 52 , Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other," Ro
says. "The town square was totally 55 . I think almost all the people in the town were there.
"The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 , the new light
feels like more than enough for the town’s 58 residents.
"It's not very 59 ,” she says, "but it is enough when we are 60 .”
41. A. only
B. obviously
C. nearly
D. precisely
42. A. fear
B. believe
C. hear
D. notice
43. A. empty
B. blue
C. high
D. wide
44. A. cloudy
B. normal
C. different
D. warm
45. A. helped
B. changed
C. happened
D. mattered
46. A. computers
B. telescopes
C. mirrors
D. cameras
47. A. remembered B. forecasted
C. received
D. imagined
48. A. repair
B. risk
C. rest
D. use
49. A. forbids
B. directs
C. predicts
D. follows
50. A. day
B. night
C. month
D. year
51. A. library
B. hall
C. square
D. street
52. A. appeared
B. returned
C. faded
D. stopped
53. A. driving
B. hiding
C. camping
D. siting
54. A. pictures
B. notes
C. care
D. hold
55. A. new
B. full
C. flat
D. silent
56. A. block
B. avoid
C. enjoy
D. store
57. A. Instead
B. However
C. Gradually
D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving
B. energy-saving
C. weather-beaten
D. sun-starved
59. A. big
B. clear
C. cold
D. easy
60. A. trying
B. waiting
C. watching
D. sharing
第二节 （共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how
long it would take 62 （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact. They
were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals.
Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，
shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their
trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an
interesting 66 （compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared
with us many 67 （tradition）stories about Hawaii that were 68 （huge）popular with
tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 （invite）to attend a private concert
on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 （listen）to musicians and
meeting interesting locals.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35 分）
第一节 短文改错（共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共
有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10 处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。
I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may
appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a
very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe,
customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I
succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.
Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
第二节 书面表达（满分25 分）
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包
括：
1.时间；
2.活动安排；
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷III）
参考答案
第一部分 听力
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. B
9. A
10. C
11. B
12. A
13. C
14. C
15. B
16. A
17. C
18. A
19. B
20. A
第二部分 阅读理解
21. A
22. D
23. C
24. B
25. A
26. D
27. D
28. B
29. C
30. B
31. A
32. C
33. B
34. A
35. D
36. E
37. G
38. A
39. C
40. F
第三部分 语言知识运用
41. C
42. D
43. B
44. A
45. B
46. C
47. C
48. D
49. B
50. A
51. C
52. A
53. D
54. A
55. B
56. C
57. B
58. D
59. A
60. D
61. so
62. to get
63. of
64. who
65. recommended
66. competition 67. traditional
68. hugely
69. were
70. listening
第四部分 写作
第一节
I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens
open a cafe.
Though it may appear simple, it required
requires
a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not
just an ordinarily
ordinary cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe to
have a special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy
yourselves
themselves in the historical environment
what
that / which
is created for them. If I succeed
in manage
managing one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different
city
cities . Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an
a unique style.
第二节（略）
2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷III)
英 语
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40 分)
第一节 (共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an
origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs.
In previews. Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her
private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs.
Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W.45th
St.212-239-6200.)
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of
America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens
Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.)
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and
Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-
country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin
Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.)
21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?.
A. A type of art.
B. A teenager's studio.
C. A great teacher.
D. A group of animals.
22. Who is the director of The Audience?
A. Helen Mirren.
B. Peter Morgan.
C. Dylan Baker.
D. Stephen Daldry.
23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A. Animals Out of Paper.
B. The Audience.
C. Hamilton.
D. On the Twentieth Century.
【答案】21. A
22. D
23. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。这篇文章对一些话剧的开幕和新剧首映进行了介绍。
【21 题详解】
细节理解题。根据话剧Animals Out of Paper 的Productions and the Great Griffon
present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent
and his teacher into her studio.可知，Rajiv Joseph 创作的的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺
术。故选A。
【22 题详解】
细节理解题。根据话剧The Audience 的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本剧是
Stephen Daldry 导演的。故选D。
【23 题详解】
细节理解题。根据话剧Hamilton 的Li-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about
Alexander Hamilton in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant
story.可知，话剧Hamilton 的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，
你可以看这部话剧。故选C。
B
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western
creative.
"It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says
Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some
of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140
pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of
exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled
the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that
there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and
fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are
not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top
Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion
are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz,
Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing
fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,"
she says. "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you
talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking
clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."
24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
A. It promoted the sales of artworks.
B. It attracted a large number of visitors.
C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D. It aimed to introduce Chinese
models.
25. What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A. They are setting the fashion.
B. They start many fashion campaigns.
C. They admire super models.
D. They do business all over the world.
26. What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning from
B. looking down on
C. working with
D.
competing against
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
【答案】24. B
25. A
26. D
27. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚届的影响，中国年轻的设计师和模特
如何最终在许多方面被认可。中国成了世界时尚的风向标。
【24 题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第三段The exhibition had record attendance, showing that
there is huge interest in Chinese influences.（此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，
显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。）由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故选B。
【25 题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第四段Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion
campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese
women are not just consumers of fashion-they are central to its movement . （中
国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时
尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。）由此可知，Hill 说中国女性开创了新时尚，故选
A。
【26 题详解】
词义猜测题。下文and beating them hands down in design and sales 说并在设计和
销售上击败他们。由此推断出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking
on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs 的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang 和Jason
Wu 正在与Galliano、Albaz 和 Mare Jacobs 竞争。taking on 意思是“竞争”，故选
D。
【27 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段china and its culture have long been an inspiration for
western creations.以及最后一段If you talk about fashion today , you are talking
about China - its influences , its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young
designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."（如果你今天
谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国——它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊叹的服装，以及年轻的设
计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。），结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是
“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故选D。
C
Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America,
usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these
amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich
people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal
to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking
place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"-a term referring to papers made widely
available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant
newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy
single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the
printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few
years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of
single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older
well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper " caught the public's
fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the
early ventures(企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were
owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and
daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?
A. Academic.
B. Unattractive.
C. Inexpensive.
D.
Confidential.
29. What did street sales mean to newspapers?
A. They would be priced higher.
B. They would disappear from cities.
C. They could have more readers.
D. They could regain public trust.
30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
A. Local politicians.
B. Common people.
C. Young publishers.
D. Rich businessmen.
31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
A. It was a difficult process.
B. It was a temporary success.
C. It was a robbery of the poor.
D. It was a disaster for printers.
【答案】28. B
29. C
30. B
31. A
【解析】
本文为记叙文。文章叙述了“便士报纸”的诞生历史。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Before1830s，... Accordingly newspapers were read
almost only by rich people. In addition ,most newspapers had little in them that
would appeal to mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.”可知，在
19 世纪30 年代之前,只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内
容，让人感觉无聊，，视觉上令人望而却步。由此可得出那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。分析
选项，A . Academic 学术的；B. Unattractive 没有吸引力， 无魅力的； C. Inexpensive
廉价的，不贵的； D. Confidential 机密的，保密的。可知 A、C 和D 是错误的，只有B
符合题意，故选B。
【29 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可
以买的到报纸。 结合第三段中间的“streets sales of newspapers would be
commonplaced in eastern cities”可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见。由此可推断出，街
头销售意味读报纸的多了。分析选项可知C 符合题，故选C。
【30 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’—a term
referring to papers made widely available to the public. perhaps more importantly
it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.”可知，
这种“便士报纸”针对大众的，在街上可以买的到报纸。分析选项可知，选项B 符合题
意，故选B。
【31 题详解】
推理判断题。第二段“The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’”及最后一段“The new
trend of newspapers for ‘the man on the street’ did not begin well. Some of the
early ventures were immediately failures. Publishers already in business, people
who owners of successful papers, had little desires to change the tradition. It took
a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.”可知，“便士报纸”
新趋势一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。已经进入商业领域的成功的出版商，
并不想改变这一传统。后来一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出“便士
报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。分析选项可知，A 项符合题意，故选A。
D
Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols
consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The
researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team,
described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one
part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were
shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would
have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with
seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of
the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the
higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just
memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the
monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were
close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The
underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to
the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it.
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr.
Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big
number than the little one.”
32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
A. They fed them.
B. They named them.
C. They trained them.
D. They measured them.
33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?
A. By drawing a circle.
B. By touching a screen.
C. By watching videos.
D. By mixing two drinks.
34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?
A. They could perform basic addition.
B. They could understand simple words.
C. They could memorize numbers easily.
D. They could hold their attention for
long.
35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Health.
C. Education.
D. Science.
【答案】32. C
33. B
34. A
35. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究发现：猴子可以进行基本的加法运算。文章对研究的经过和结论做
了介绍和分析。
【32 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus
monkeys…The researches then tested how…”可知，在对这些猴子进行测试之前，研
究者们对它们进行了培训。故C 选项正确。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch
screen…If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen, they would be
rewarded with seven drops…; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded
with…”可知，当猴子触摸屏幕左边时，它们会得到7 滴水或者果汁的奖励；当它们触摸
屏幕的另一端（即画着圆圈的部分）时，它们会得到17 滴水或果汁的奖励。由此可知，
猴子是通过触摸屏幕得到奖励的。B 选项正确。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The monkeys would go for the higher values more than
half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just
memorizing the value of each combination”和第五段中的“When adding two
numbers…”可知，猴子会在超过一半的时间内选择更高的值，这意味着它们在进行计
算，而不仅仅是记住每一个组合的值。由此可知，A 选项正确：猴子能够进行基本的加法
计算。由此亦可以排除C 选项。
【35 题详解】
推理判断题。通读整篇文章可知，该文介绍的是哈佛医学院的科学家Margaret
Livingstone 领导的一个研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果。这属于“科学研究”
范畴，故该文应出现在报纸的“科学”板块。故D 选项正确。
第二节 (共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very
important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other
situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their
particular circumstance.
Do's
• ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions
about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system
information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.
___38___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it
safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid
experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the
situation to the professor. ___39___
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a
professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is
truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course
evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【答案】36. E
37. G
38. A
39. C
40. F
【解析】
本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列
举了一些规矩与禁忌。
【36 题详解】
根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of
communication with professors is very important，可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立
健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选项E 符合语
境。
【37 题详解】
根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内
容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与G 项“make sure
they are good, thoughtful questions”相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选
G。
【38 题详解】
根据前一句 Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended
forums for dialogue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是
网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
【39 题详解】
根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best
friends 教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要
分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故选项C 符合语
境。
【40 题详解】
通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or
class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公
开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F 符合上下文语
境。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45 分)
第一节 (共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入
空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get
direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.
Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s
tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a
___44___ day.”
But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight
from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan
___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby
mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them
to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They
reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of
sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro
says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there.
"The 3,500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light
feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents.
"It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”
41. A. only
B. obviously
C. nearly
D.
precisely
42. A. fear
B. believe
C. hear
D. notice
43. A. empty
B. blue
C. high
D. wide
44. A. cloudy
B. normal
C. different
D. warm
45. A. helped
B. changed
C. happened
D.
mattered
46. A. computers
B. telescopes
C. mirrors
D. cameras
47. A. remembered
B. forecasted
C. received
D.
imagined
48. A. repair
B. risk
C. rest
D. use
49. A. forbids
B. directs
C. predicts
D. follows
50. A. day
B. night
C. month
D. year
51. A. library
B. hall
C. square
D. street
52. A. appeared
B. returned
C. faded
D. stopped
53. A. driving
B. hiding
C. camping
D. siting
54. A. pictures
B. notes
C. care
D. hold
55. A. new
B. full
C. flat
D. silent
56. A. block
B. avoid
C. enjoy
D. store
57. A. Instead
B. However
C. Gradually
D.
Similarly
58. A. nature-loving
B. energy-saving
C. weather-beaten
D. sun-
starved
59. A. big
B. clear
C. cold
D. easy
60. A. trying
B. waiting
C. watching
D. sharing
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D
49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B
58. D
59. A
60. D
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一
套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒
冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。
【41 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. only 仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly 几乎；D.
precisely 准确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March 可知，从九月底到三
月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
【42 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. fear 害怕；B. believe 相信；C. hear 听见；D. notice 注意。根据后文
We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it's darker 可知，我们看到天空是蓝色的，但是到
山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
【43 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty 空的；B. blue 蓝色的；C. high 搞得；D. wide 宽的。根据
常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
【44 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy 多云的；B. normal 正常的；C. different 不同的；D. warm
温暖的。根据前文down in the valley it's darker 可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一
样，故选A。
【45 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. helped 帮助；B. changed 改变；C. happened 发生；D. mattered 关系
重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
【46 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. computers 电脑；B. telescopes 望远镜；C. mirrors 镜子；D. cameras
相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks 可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳
光，故可知，为一枚镜子，故选C。
【47 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered 记得；B. forecasted 预报；C. received 获得，收到；D.
imagined 想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
【48 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. repair 修理；B. risk 风险；C. rest 休息；D. use 使用。根据前一
句their very first ray of winter sunshine 可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入
使用了，故选D。 put sth to use 把某物投入使用。
【49 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移
动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids 禁止；B. directs 指导，导演；C. predicts 预测；
D. follows 跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
【50 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. day 白天；B. night 夜晚；C. month 月；D. year 年。根据文章可
知，太阳光出现在白天，故选A。
【51 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. library 图书馆；B. hall 大厅；C. square 广场；D. street 街道。根据
后文The town square 可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
【52 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared 出现；B. returned 归还；C. faded 褪去；D. stopped 停止。
根据后文Rjukan residents gathered together 可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。
【53 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. driving 驾驶；B. hiding 隐藏；C. camping 露营；D. sitting 坐。根据
本句and standing there 可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，
故选D。
【54 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures 照片，图片；B. notes 笔记；C. care 照顾；D. hold 抓住。根
据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。
【55 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. new 新的；B. full 满的；C. flat 平坦的；D. silent 沉默的。根据后
文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故
可知广场全是人，故选B。
【56 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. block 阻挡；B. avoid 避免；C. enjoy 喜欢，享受；D. store 储存。根
据句意可知，并不是3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
【57 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead 代替；B. However 然而；C. Gradually 逐渐地；D. Similarly
相似地。前一句意思为并不是3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小
镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。
【58 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving 热爱自然的；B. energy-saving 节能的；C. weather-
beaten 受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved 渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳
光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选D。
【59 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. big 大的；B. clear 清晰的；C. cold 冷的；D. easy 容易的。根据前
文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。
【60 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. trying 尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing
分享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。
第二节 (共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how
long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They
were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals.
Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，
shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees
in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an
interesting ___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with
us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists.
On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a
beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting
interesting locals.
【答案】61. so
62. to get
63. of
64. who
65. recommended
66. competition
67. traditional
68. hugely
69. were
70. listening
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后收到的礼
遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
【61 题详解】
考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久
才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此…以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
【62 题详解】
考查不定式。句中的would 提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering 后的句子不缺谓
语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。
【63 题详解】
考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。
【64 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很
有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
【65 题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃
饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列
关系，时态一致。故填recommeded。
【66 题详解】
考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an 与空格后的不定式to watch 可以确定空格处应该填名
词形式。故填competition。
【67 题详解】
考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition 的形容词为
traditional，故填traditional。
【68 题详解】
考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge 的副词为hugely，故
填hugely。
【69 题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子
时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主
语为we，故填were invited。
【70 题详解】
考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70 题空格处动词listen 应用非谓语动
词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we 发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and 前后连接
两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and 后meeting interesting locals 为分词形式，故空格
处填listening。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35 分)
第一节 短文改错(共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共
有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10 处，多者(从第11 处起)不计分。
I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may
appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a
very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe,
customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I
succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.
Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
【答案】opens→open
required→requires
ordinarily→ordinary
cafe 后面加上to
去掉like
yourselves→themselves
what→that/which
manage→managing
city→cities
an→a
【解析】
【详解】1. 本句考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to 后用动词原形。故把 opens 改为
open。2. 本句考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态都是现代时。故把 required 改为
requires。3. 本句考查形容词的用法。修饰名词cafe，应用形容词。ordinarily 是副词。
故把 ordinarily 改为 ordinary。
4. 本句考查动词的固定搭配。want sb to do sth“ 想要某人做某事”。故在have 前加
to。5. 本句考查介词的用法。such as 和like 都是用来举例子，重复了。故把like 删除。
6. 本句考查代词的用法。customers 是句子的主语，故把 yourselves 改为
themselves。7. 本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系
代词用that/which。故 把what 改为that/which。8. 本句考查动词的固定搭配。
succeed in doing something“成功的做了某事”。故把manage 改为managing。
9. 本句考查名词的用法。many different 后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city 改为
cities。
10. 本句考查冠词的用法。an 用在元音音素前，a 用在辅音因素前。unique 是以辅音音
素开头的单词，前用a。故把an 改为a。
第二节 书面表达(满分25 分)
72.假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen 参加，内容包
括:
1.时间；
2.活动安排；
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意:
1.词数100 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】参考范文略
【解析】
【详解】本题解析略。
