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小学英语语法100期G87 · 宾语从句(下)— if/whether 与 wh-词引导
发布时间：2026-10-02 16:46:45 最近访问：2026-10-02 16:46:46
小学英语语法100期G87 · 宾语从句(下)— if/whether 与 wh-词引导
| 小学英语语法100期G87 · 宾语从句（下）— if/whether 与 wh-词引导 |
| 本期目标1. 掌握 if 和 whether 引导宾语从句的区别与用法2. 学会 wh- 词（what/where/when/why/who/how）引导宾语从句3. 牢记陈述语序规则（在 wh- 从句中同样适用）4. 区分 if 表"是否"（宾语从句）vs if 表"如果"（条件状语从句） |
| 一、if / whether 引导宾语从句（"是否"） |
| 当从句表达"是否"的意思时，用 if 或 whether 来引导。例句：I don't know if he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。She asked me whether I liked the movie. 她问我是否喜欢这部电影。 |
| 情况 | if | whether | 例句 |
| 宾语从句（通用） | ✔ | ✔ | I wonder if/whether he knows. |
| 与 or not 连用 | ✘ 不可以 | ✔ | I don't know whether he will come or not. |
| 介词后面 | ✘ 不可以 | ✔ | It depends on whether it rains. |
| 不定式前 | ✘ 不可以 | ✔ | I don't know whether to go or stay. |
| 句首主语从句 | ✘ 不可以 | ✔ | Whether he comes doesn't matter. |
| 记忆口诀：if 怕介词、怕不定式、怕 or not 跟在后面！口诀简化：介不定 or not，if 靠边站，whether 来顶上！ |
| if 的身份 | 意思 | 是什么从句 | 例句 |
| 宾语从句 | 是否 | 宾语从句 | I don't know if he will come. |
| 条件状语从句 | 如果 | 状语从句 | If it rains, I will stay home. |
| 区分绝招：if 后面能不能换成 "是否"？能 → 宾语从句；不能 → 条件状语从句。另外：条件状语从句中，if 遵循"主将从现"（G49讲过的！），而宾语从句中的 if 不受此限制。 |
| 用 what, where, when, why, who, how 等疑问词引导，表达"什么/哪里/什么时候/为什么/谁/怎么样"。核心规则：从句仍然用陈述语序！ |
| 引导词 | 意思 | 正确（陈述语序） | 错误（疑问语序） |
| what | 什么 | I don't know what he wants. | what does he want |
| where | 哪里 | Tell me where she lives. | where does she live |
| when | 什么时候 | I wonder when he will arrive. | when will he arrive |
| why | 为什么 | I don't know why he is late. | why is he late |
| who | 谁 | Do you know who she is? | who is she |
| how | 怎么 | She asked how I got there. | how did I get there |
| which | 哪一个 | Tell me which one you like. | which one do you like |
| whose | 谁的 | I don't know whose book this is. | whose book is this |
| 当 who 或 what 在从句中本身就是主语时，语序不变。对比：1. I wonder who called me.（who 是主语，本身就是陈述语序）2. I wonder who he called.（who 是宾语，he 才是主语，语序调整）3. Tell me what happened.（what 是主语，本身就是陈述语序）4. Tell me what she bought.（what 是宾语，she 才是主语） |
| 类型 | 引导词 | 意思 | 例句 |
| 陈述类 | that | （无意思） | I think that she is right. |
| 是否类 | if / whether | 是否 | I don't know if he will come. |
| 疑问类 | wh- 词 | 什么/哪里/谁... | Tell me what you want. |
| 宾语从句引导词口诀陈述内容that来引，if / whether问是否，wh- 词表疑问，无论哪种引导词，陈述语序是根本！ |
| 题号 | 题目 | 选项 |
| 1 | I don't know _______ he will come or not. | A. ifB. whetherC. that |
| 2 | Can you tell me _______ to do next? | A. whatB. howC. if |
| 3 | I'm thinking about _______ I should go. | A. ifB. thatC. whether |
| 4 | She asked me _______ I had been there. | A. whatB. ifC. that |
| 5 | Do you know _______ happened yesterday? | A. whatB. thatC. if |
| 6. I wonder where does he live.7. She asked me that I was tired.8. He doesn't know if will it rain tomorrow.9. Tell me how can I get to the museum.10. I'm not sure that he will come. |
| 11. 我不知道他住在哪里。12. 你能告诉我火车什么时候到吗？13. 我想知道他是否会来。14. 请告诉我你为什么迟到。15. 你知道这个书包是谁的吗？ |
| 第一关：选择1. B - 后面有"or not"，只能用 whether，不能用 if。2. A - "what to do" 是一个常见搭配，what 作为 do 的宾语。3. C - 介词 about 后面只能用 whether，不能用 if（介不定 or not，if 靠边站）。4. B - "是否去过"用 if/whether 引导，但选项中有 if 没 whether，选 if。5. A - what 在从句中作主语（what happened = 发生了什么），意思通顺。 |
| 第二关：改错6. I wonder where he lives.（does he live 是疑问语序，改为陈述语序）7. She asked me if/whether I was tired.（asked 表示"问是否"，不用 that）8. He doesn't know if/whether it will rain tomorrow.（语序错误，will it rain 改为陈述语序 it will rain）9. Tell me how I can get to the museum.（can I 是疑问语序，改为 I can）10. I'm not sure if/whether he will come.（not sure 表示不确定"是否"，用 if/whether 不用 that） |
| 第三关：翻译11. I don't know where he lives.12. Can you tell me when the train will arrive?注意：when the train will arrive（陈述语序），不要写成 when will the train arrive！13. I wonder if/whether he will come.14. Please tell me why you are late.注意：why you are late（陈述语序），不要写成 why are you late！15. Do you know whose schoolbag this is? |
| 本期核心总结宾语从句三种引导词：that（陈述）/ if/whether（是否）/ wh-词（疑问）if vs whether：介不定 or not后面只能用 whether黄金法则不变：从句永远陈述语序！下期预告：G88 状语从句（上）时间、原因、条件 |
| 小学英语语法100期 · G87 · 宾语从句（下）| 从句系列 |