ARTICLE · 1285958
小学英语必背句型 150 句,从打招呼到写句子,考试口语都用得上 · 直接背
🔮 孩子单词都会，就是组不成句子？句型才是小学英语的"承重墙"。这 150 句按考试和日常场景分好类，全部是课本高频句型，每天背 15 句，10 天一轮，口语和笔试一起涨。
🌟 背句型三条铁律
1. 句型要"整句背"，不拆词——拆开背的等于没背。
2. 每个句型学会"换词造句"：换主语、换宾语，一句变十句。
3. 背完必须开口说三遍——嘴上过一遍，胜过眼睛过十遍。
* * *
📋 PART 1 · 日常交际句型（开口就用）
🎯 一、打招呼与自我介绍
1. Hello! My name is Li Ming.
你好！我叫李明。
2. What is your name, please?
请问你叫什么名字？
3. Nice to meet you.
很高兴认识你。
4. How do you do?
您好！（初次见面的正式问候）
5. I am nine years old.
我九岁了。
6. I am from Hangzhou.
我来自杭州。
7. This is my friend, Wang Fang.
这是我的朋友王芳。
8. How are you today?
你今天好吗？
🎯 二、感谢、道歉与告别
9. Thank you very much.
非常感谢你。
10. You are welcome.
不客气。
11. I am sorry. It was my mistake.
对不起，是我的错。
12. That is all right.
没关系。
13. Excuse me, may I come in?
打扰一下，我可以进来吗？
14. See you tomorrow!
明天见！
15. Have a nice weekend!
周末愉快！
16. Take care, bye!
保重，再见！
🎯 三、请求与提供帮助
17. Can you help me, please?
你能帮帮我吗？
18. Sure. What is the matter?
当然可以，怎么了？
19. May I borrow your pen?
我可以借你的笔吗？
20. Here you are.
给你。
21. Would you like some water?
你想喝点水吗？
22. Yes, please. / No, thank you.
好的，麻烦了。/不用了，谢谢。
23. Could you say it again?
你能再说一遍吗？
24. Let me help you.
让我来帮你。
🎯 四、课堂用语
25. May I ask a question?
我可以问个问题吗？
26. I do not understand.
我不明白。
27. Pardon? Could you speak slowly?
什么？能说慢一点吗？
28. How do you say this in English?
这个用英语怎么说？
29. What does this word mean?
这个词是什么意思？
30. Can you spell it, please?
你能拼一下吗？
31. Is this right or wrong?
这样对吗？
32. I am done. What shall I do next?
我做完了，接下来做什么？
* * *
📋 PART 2 · 必考核心句型（考试天天见）
🎯 一、There be 句型（"有"）
33. There is a book on the desk.
桌上有一本书。
34. There are two birds in the tree.
树上有两只鸟。
35. There is some milk in the glass.
杯子里有些牛奶。
36. Is there a park near your home?
你家附近有公园吗？
37. Yes, there is. / No, there is not.
是的，有。/ 不，没有。
38. There are many flowers in spring.
春天有很多花。
39. There is a pen and two books in the bag.
书包里有一支笔和两本书（就近原则用 is）。
40. How many students are there in your class?
你们班有多少学生？
41. There will be a match tomorrow.
明天将有一场比赛。
42. Once upon a time, there was a little girl.
从前，有一个小女孩。
🎯 二、一般疑问句与回答
43. Do you like apples?
你喜欢苹果吗？
44. Yes, I do. / No, I do not.
是的，喜欢。/ 不，不喜欢。
45. Does he play football after school?
他放学后踢足球吗？
46. Is she your English teacher?
她是你的英语老师吗？
47. Are they your new shoes?
它们是你的新鞋吗？
48. Can you swim across the river?
你能游过这条河吗？
49. Did you finish your homework?
你做完作业了吗？
50. Is there anything I can do for you?
有什么我能帮忙的吗？
51. Do we have class today?
我们今天有课吗？
52. Are you ready for the test?
你为考试做好准备了吗？
🎯 三、特殊疑问句（疑问词开头）
53. What is your favorite subject?
你最喜欢的科目是什么？
54. What time do you get up?
你几点起床？
55. Where do you live?
你住在哪里？
56. Who is that girl over there?
那边那个女孩是谁？
57. Whose bag is this?
这是谁的包？
58. Why are you late today?
你今天为什么迟到？
59. Because I missed the bus.
因为我错过了公交车。
60. How do you go to school?
你怎么去上学？
61. How much is this toy?
这个玩具多少钱？
62. How many books do you have?
你有多少本书？
🎯 四、can 情态句型（能力与许可）
63. I can ride a bike.
我会骑自行车。
64. She can speak three languages.
她会说三种语言。
65. Can you pass me the salt?
你能把盐递给我吗？
66. Can I watch TV now?
我现在可以看电视吗？
67. You can sit here.
你可以坐这里。
68. He cannot find his keys.
他找不到钥匙了。
69. Can you tell me the way to the zoo?
你能告诉我去动物园的路吗？
70. We can see the stars tonight.
今晚我们能看到星星。
71. Can your little brother count to one hundred?
你弟弟能数到一百吗？
72. Anyone can make mistakes.
任何人都会犯错。
🎯 五、现在进行时（be + doing）
73. What are you doing now?
你现在在做什么？
74. I am doing my homework.
我在做作业。
75. She is singing in the music room.
她在音乐室唱歌。
76. They are playing basketball on the playground.
他们在操场上打篮球。
77. Look! The bus is coming.
看！公交车来了。
78. Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
听！有人在敲门。
79. It is raining outside.
外面正在下雨。
80. We are having an English class.
我们正在上英语课。
81. My mother is cooking dinner.
我妈妈在做晚饭。
82. The children are flying kites over there.
孩子们在那边放风筝。
* * *
📋 PART 3 · 生活场景句型（口语笔试两用）
🎯 一、时间与天气
83. What day is it today?
今天星期几？
84. It is Monday.
今天是星期一。
85. What is the date today?
今天几号？
86. It is June the first.
今天是六月一日。
87. What is the weather like today?
今天天气怎么样？
88. It is sunny and warm.
天气晴朗温暖。
89. It is going to rain this afternoon.
今天下午要下雨。
90. What a cold day it is!
今天真冷啊！
🎯 二、购物
91. Can I help you?
需要帮忙吗？
92. I want a pair of shoes.
我想买一双鞋。
93. What color do you like?
你喜欢什么颜色？
94. Blue, please.
请拿蓝色的。
95. How much are they altogether?
一共多少钱？
96. They are ninety-nine yuan.
九十九元。
97. It is too expensive.
太贵了。
98. Can it be a little cheaper?
能便宜一点吗？
🎯 三、饮食与点餐
99. What would you like to eat?
你想吃什么？
100. I would like some noodles.
我想吃面条。
101. Would you like something to drink?
想喝点什么吗？
102. A glass of orange juice, please.
请来一杯橙汁。
103. The fish tastes delicious.
鱼尝起来很美味。
104. Help yourself to some fruit.
随便吃点水果。
105. I am full. It was great!
我饱了，太好吃了！
106. Would you like anything else?
还要别的吗？
🎯 四、问路与位置
107. Excuse me, where is the post office?
打扰一下，邮局在哪里？
108. Go straight and turn left at the second crossing.
直走，在第二个路口左转。
109. It is next to the bank.
它在银行旁边。
110. It is between the school and the hospital.
它在学校和医院之间。
111. Is it far from here?
离这里远吗？
112. No, it is only five minutes' walk.
不远，走路只要五分钟。
113. You can take Bus No. 3.
你可以坐 3 路公交车。
114. The library is on the right.
图书馆在右边。
* * *
📋 PART 4 · 表达与描述句型（作文加分）
🎯 一、喜好与意愿
115. I like reading storybooks.
我喜欢读故事书。
116. My favorite animal is the panda.
我最喜欢的动物是熊猫。
117. I do not like rainy days.
我不喜欢下雨天。
118. She enjoys drawing pictures.
她喜欢画画。
119. I want to be a scientist in the future.
我将来想当科学家。
120. My dream is to travel around the world.
我的梦想是环游世界。
121. I would rather stay at home.
我更愿意待在家里。
122. What is your hobby?
你的爱好是什么？
🎯 二、描述与比较
123. The blue bag is heavier than the red one.
蓝色的包比红色的重。
124. This is the tallest building in our city.
这是我们市最高的楼。
125. My sister is as tall as me now.
我妹妹现在和我一样高了。
126. The story is more interesting than that one.
这个故事比那个更有趣。
127. He runs faster than anyone in his class.
他跑得比班里任何人都快。
128. Today is much hotter than yesterday.
今天比昨天热得多。
129. It is one of the best parks in town.
它是城里最好的公园之一。
130. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
天气越来越暖和了。
🎯 三、过去与将来（小学高段必考）
131. I visited my grandparents last weekend.
上周末我看望了爷爷奶奶。
132. We went to the beach and swam in the sea.
我们去了海滩，在海里游泳。
133. What did you do yesterday evening?
你昨天晚上做什么了？
134. I did not go to school because I was ill.
我没去上学，因为我病了。
135. She was very happy at the party.
她在聚会上非常开心。
136. There were many people in the park.
公园里人很多。
137. I am going to visit the museum next week.
下周我打算去参观博物馆。
138. It will be sunny tomorrow.
明天会是晴天。
139. What are you going to be when you grow up?
你长大后想做什么？
140. When I grow up, I will travel everywhere.
长大后我要到处旅行。
🎯 四、祈使句与建议（写作常用）
141. Please close the window.
请关上窗户。
142. Do not run in the hallway.
不要在走廊里奔跑。
143. Let us go to the library together.
我们一起去图书馆吧。
144. Be careful when you cross the road.
过马路时要小心。
145. Remember to bring your umbrella.
记得带伞。
146. Why not go out for a walk?
为什么不出去散步呢？
147. What about playing chess after class?
下课后下棋怎么样？
148. You had better drink more water.
你最好多喝水。
149. Do not forget to say thank you.
别忘了说谢谢。
150. Keep quiet in the library, please.
请在图书馆保持安静。
* * *
📋 PART 5 · 五大扣分点与对策
🎯 一、be 动词丢失（中式英语第一坑）
Wrong: My father very busy. 误：形容词前丢了 is，中文没"是"英文必须有 be。
Right: My father is very busy. 对：主系表结构，be 动词不能省。
🎯 二、三单忘加 s
Wrong: He like playing football. 误：主语是第三人称单数，动词忘了变形。
Right: He likes playing football. 对：he / she / it 后动词加 s。
🎯 三、There be 误用 have
Wrong: There have many books on the shelf. 误："某地有某物"不能用 have。
Right: There are many books on the shelf. 对：存在用 there be，拥有才用 have。
🎯 四、正在进行时丢 be 或 doing
Wrong: Look! The children playing games. 误：缺 be 动词，进行时结构不完整。
Right: Look! The children are playing games. 对：be + doing 一个都不能少。
🎯 五、比较级混用 than / as
Wrong: This room is more bigger than that one. 误：bigger 已经是比较级，不能再加 more。
Right: This room is bigger than that one. 对：比较级只用一种形式。
* * *
📋 PART 6 · 高频疑问词与短语（A–F 组）
🎯 A 组 · 疑问词
· what · where · who · whose · when · why · how · which
🎯 B 组 · 时间短语
· at six o'clock · on Sunday · in the morning · last week · next month · every day
🎯 C 组 · 频率副词
· always · usually · often · sometimes · never · once a week
🎯 D 组 · 方位介词
· in · on · under · behind · next to · in front of · between · near
🎯 E 组 · 高频动词短语
· get up · go to school · have breakfast · do homework · watch TV · go to bed
🎯 F 组 · 交际套语
· excuse me · here you are · you are welcome · see you · good idea · have a good time
* * *
📋 练习：小学句型自测（5 题）
1. There ______ two pens and a ruler in the pencil case.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
2. — What is she doing now? — She ______ a letter.
A. writes B. wrote C. is writing D. write
3. — ______ is this T-shirt? — Ninety yuan.
A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How long
4. My room is ______ than yours.
A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. more big
5. 改错：He go to school by bike every day.
▶ 点击查看答案（先做完再看）
1. B There be 看就近：紧跟 be 的是 two pens，复数用 are；there be 不用 have/has。
2. C 问"正在做什么"，用现在进行时 be + doing：is writing。
3. B 问价钱用 how much；how many 问数量，后面必须接可数名词。
4. B 有 than 就是比较级，big 变 bigger；more bigger 是双重比较级错误。
5. go → goes 主语 he 是三单，一般现在时动词加 s。
* * *
句型背熟了，英语的"承重墙"就立起来了
这 150 句不用一次背完：先按 PART 2 把必考句型过熟，再从 PART 3 里按孩子的生活场景挑着背。
口语、笔试、作文，用的其实是同一批句子。
建议收藏，每天背 15 句，10 天一轮。
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