2024 年高三上学期英语夯实基础+突破能力集训 (5）
(通用版）
2024年高三上学期英语夯实基础+突破能力集训 (5）
Part One 基础 高频词汇短语切换记忆背诵30+汉译英30
Part Two 突破 重点句型情景衔接+熟词生义结构分辨15句
Part Three 娴熟 链接高考娴熟技巧四题型（阅读+七选五+语法填空+续写作文）
解析版
Part One 基础高频词汇短语切换记忆30词（背诵）
1 . feel/ get angry/furious 感到愤怒
2 . storm out of 气冲冲地离开 [ 走出去 ]
3 . One's voice whispered in one's mind 话在某人的脑海里回响
4 . sth. makes sb. 's blood boil 这使某人热血沸腾
5 . sth. makes sb. extremely angry 事 使某人非常生气
6 . clasp one's fists/teeth 紧握拳头和牙齿
7 . his eyes blazing with anger 眼睛里充满着愤怒。
8 . slamming the door furiously behind sb 猛烈地关上房门。
9 . Boiling with rage 怒不可遏
10 . sh ake his fist at me 向 某人挥了挥 拳头
11.be f illed with fury 她大发雷霆，
12 . , be unable to utter a single word 一个字也说不出来。
13 . summoned up his courage 鼓起勇气，
14 . plucked up the courage 鼓起勇气
15 . lodged a protest with his father 向他的父亲提出了抗议。
16 . could hardly wait to... 迫不及待地
17 . Hardly thinking/Without even thinking 不假思索，他跑向 .. .
18 . our tears of remorse 我们悔恨的眼泪
19 . reveal a glimmer of hope. 流露出一线希望
20 . A wave of relief flooded through me... 一阵解脱涌上我的心头
21 . closed her eyes tightly. 紧紧地闭上眼睛
22 . in a vain attempt to hold back the tears 试图抑制住眼泪，但没有成功。23 . All our efforts were in vain. 我们所有的努力都是徒劳的。
24. She kept pacing 不停地踱步
25. With tears streaming down her face 眼泪直流下来，
26 . at a loss what to do. 不知道该怎么办。
27 . be in a dilemma about whether to do or not. 两难决定是否该怎么做。
28 . It didn't take long before... 没过多久。
29 . One's words lingered in one's head . 话在某人的脑海里回响。
30.d own deep in my heart 在我的内心深处
16． You can't divorce science from ethical questions.(v.使分离；使脱离)
17． What moral are we to draw from the story？(v.获得，取得，推断出)
18． For a year I dated a woman who was a research assistant.(v.约会)
19． His express wish was that you should come here by air.(adj.明确的)
Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai？(n.快车)
20． Good health encourages clear thinking.(v.促进，助长，刺激)
21． His name escapes me for the moment.(v.被忘掉；被忽视)
22． I'm about to explode！He broke my violin.(v.勃然大怒；大发雷霆)
23． Our water supply failed.(v.不足；缺乏)
He is failing in health./His health is failing.(v.衰退，衰弱)
He failed to lend her a hand.(v.未能)
Words failed him.(vt.使失望；有负于)
24． I'll buy a roll of film to take pictures.(n.胶卷)
Part Two 突破 重点句型情景衔接+熟词生义结构分辨15句
25 ． His
answer did
not fill our need.(vt.满足)
26.There's a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words.(.细微的)
The man will get a fine if he parks the car there.(n.罚款)
27． The subject is foreign to me.(adj.不熟悉的)
Telling lies is foreign to her nature.(adj.和……格格不入)28． I can not form an opinion about it.(vt.想出)
29． Freeze！Or I'll shoot.(v.不许动)
30． The children flew to meet their mother.(v.疾驰；疾行)
阅读理解
[2023·浙江省高三第一次适应性考试]Around the globe far more bird species are losing ground than gaining,
according to an expansive review of a halfcentury of bird population research published in the journal Annual
Review of Environment and Resources in May.
The review, entitled The State of the World's Birds, showed that more than 5，200 different species of birds—
just shy of half the world's total—are known or suspected to be declining. Around 3，800 species are relatively
stable, and fewer than 700 species show increases. Among birds on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,
almost 400 birds worldwide have had their conservation status changed for the worse in the past three decades
(moving from vulnerable to threatened, or threatened to endangered)—five times more than the number of bird
species with an IUCN status that has changed for the better.
“After documenting the loss of nearly 3 billion birds in North America alone (according to a 2019 study
published in the journal Science), it was disturbing to see the same patterns of population declines and extinction
occurring globally，” says review coauthor Ken Rosenberg, a conservation scientist now retired from the
Cormell Lab of Omithology.
The review points to disappearing and degraded habitat—resulting from climate change, urbanization,
agricultural intensification, and international trade—as the leading driver of bird declines worldwide. In a note of
Part Three 娴熟 链接高考娴熟技巧四题型（阅读+七选五++续写作 hope, the
文） authors cite a
2020 study indicating that restoring just 5% of habitat in priority areas around the world could avert 60% of likely
extinctions.
Lead author Alexander Lees, a research associate at the Cormell Lab, also points to the need for substantial
changes in human behavior to prevent further losses. “Loss and degradation of habitat is often driven by demand
for resources，” says Lees. “We need to better consider how commodity flows such as beef, oil, and seed crops
can contribute to biodiversity loss and try to reduce the human footprint on the natural world.”1．In what order are threatened species arranged on the IUCN's Red List?
A．Species quantity. B．Living habitat.
C．Declining rate. D．Conservation status.
2．How does Ken Rosenberg feel when saying the words?
A．Hopeful. B．Relieved.
C．Doubtful. D．Concerned.
3．What does the underlined “avert” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Prevent. B．Increase. C．Cause. D．Face.
4．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Extra reasons for bird extinction.
B．Possible solutions to habitat loss.
C．Substantial changes in human behavior.
D．The prospect of biodiversity loss.
1._____________ 2._____________ 3._____________.4._____________.
DDAB
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章根据今年5月发表在《环境与资源年度评论》杂志上的一篇
对半个世纪鸟类种群研究的综述称，在全球范围内，失去的鸟类物种远远多于增加的鸟类物种。这篇题为
《世界鸟类状况》的综述显示，超过5 200种不同的鸟类——略少于世界鸟类总数的一半——已知或怀疑
正在减少。文章主要对鸟类保护展开了说明。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“almost 400 birds worldwide have had their
conservation status changed for the worse in the past three decades (moving from vulnerable to threatened, or
threatened to endangered)”可知，世界自然保护联盟红色名录上的濒危物种是按保护状况排列的。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段“it was disturbing to see the same patterns of population
declines and extinction occurring globally”可知，肯·罗森伯格说这句话感到担忧。
3．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“In a note of hope, the authors cite a 2020 study
indicating that restoring just 5% of habitat in priority areas around the world could”以及后文“60% of likely
extinctions”可知，在一份充满希望的报告中，作者引用了 2020年的一项研究，该研究表明，只要恢复世界
各地重点地区5%的栖息地，就可以阻止60%的可能灭绝。故画线词意思是“阻止”。
4．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“the need for substantial changes in human behavior to
prevent further losses.”以及“We need to better consider how commodity flows such as beef, oil, and seed crops
can contribute to biodiversity loss and try to reduce the human footprint on the natural world.”可知，最后一段主要讲的是栖息地丧失的可能解决办法。
阅读七选五
[2023·山东省高三期中考试]To put into words my time in Antarctica and South Georgia is nearly impossible.
I had always described it as a once in a lifetime experience, but as soon as I stepped foot on the continent, I
immediately knew I needed to return.
__1__ About 50% of the passengers of our expedition (远征) had been to Antarctica at least once before.
This goes to show just how magical of a destination it is.
All your senses will be stimulated...is the best way I can describe the time on the white continent. How tiny
you feel next to towering glaciers and icebergs. The icy water moving through your body as you take the infamous
Polar Plunge. The learning of hearttouching stories of survival from explorers of the past. __2__
Antarctica makes you feel so small and insignificant, in the best way. __3__ You get front row seats to
witness the most incredible show: nature. It is as much beautiful as is it cruel. Like seeing a brown skua (贼鸥)
attacking a penguin chick. Your heart aches. Then your expedition guide regretfully tells you that a chick that is
small in March would have very slim chances of surviving the upcoming winter. The cycle continues, and you're
left wondering who to root for.
Things move fast in Antarctica, and every month offers something really unique and special to see. In March,
the weather is a bit more unpredictable, and the sea ice is beginning to form again. __4__ In two more weeks,
expedition ships would not be able to break through the ice.
The penguins are completing their yearly featherchanging process. __5__ The expedition team made sure we
kept our distance and did not scare them into hiding under freezing water.
These animals, arguably the cutest you will ever see, survive such unfavorable environments. It's absolutely
incredible to witness the challenges, the skill, the efforts, all of it. I am forever grateful to have been a visitor.
A．The list goes on.
B．But this is not always the case.
C．Our voyage was the last of the season.
D．I was not the only one who felt this way.
E．I, years later, did return to this fascinating place.
F．They are really weak during this time, and cannot dive.
G．Everything has a purpose, and the cycle of life is evident.
七选五DAGCF
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在南极洲的各种见闻以及在南极洲的感受。
1．答案与解析：D 根据上文以及下文内容可知，有很多人都不是第一次去南极洲，也就是想再去南
极洲的人不止作者一个。选项D“我不是唯一有这种感觉的人。”与下文内容一致。
2．答案与解析：A 上文提到的是作者在南极洲时的各种体验。选项A“这样的例子不胜枚举。”是
对上文的总结，也说明作者感慨颇多。
3．答案与解析：G 根据下文可知，大自然以自己的方式延续下去。选项G“万物皆有目的，生命的
循环是显而易见的。”引出下文。
4．答案与解析：C 根据下文可知，再过两个星期，探险船就无法进入南极洲。选项 C“我们的航行
是这个季节的最后一次。”与下文内容一致。
5．答案与解析：F 根据空前可知，本段主要讲述了企鹅，空前说的是企鹅正在换羽毛；下文说探险
队不能惊吓企鹅，以防落水。根据上下文可推测，此时的企鹅落水会有危险。选项F“它们在这段时间非
常虚弱，不能潜水。”与本段内容一致。
.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了今年CES科技展上的无人驾驶的拖拉机。
1．答案与解析：an 考查冠词。此处修饰单数可数名词 tool表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且 attached
为元音音素开头。
2．答案与解析：with 考查介词。固定短语be familiar with“对于……熟悉”。
3．答案与解析：important 考查形容词。设空处修饰名词process，设空处应用形容词形式，修饰名
词。
4．答案与解析：ineffective 考查形容词。根据后文“some seeds won't take and yield (产量)
5.________ (drop)”可知，设空处指的是无效耕作，设空处后为名词，应为形容词修饰，故填
ineffective。
5．答案与解析：will drop 考查时态。设空处在句中作谓语，and是并列连词，前后时态一般保持一
致，根据and前面 won't take 的提示可知，设空处为一般将来时。
6．答案与解析：years 考查名词复数。空前面 several一些，后跟可数名词复数，故此空需用复数形
式。
7．答案与解析：that/which 考查定语从句。设空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是 obstacles，指物，
作从句的主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。
8．答案与解析：slowly 考查副词。设空处应用副词，修饰谓语动词。
9．答案与解析：informing 考查非谓语动词。空格处所填单词与主语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应
用现在分词，作状语。
10．答案与解析：to add 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配expect sb. to do sth.“期待着做某事”。
.读后续写
[2023·海南省高考全真模拟]My wife, our two kids under 4 and I were in the post office a few weeks ago. Wehave to go there every month to pay various fees. I was being served when an old man in his eighties, with obvious,
significant health issues, was waiting to pay his electricity bill. He was struggling to walk on a walking stick, and
his hands and arms were shaking all the time. I knew by feeling that the old man was in trouble. After asking, I
figured out that the old man's problem was that he was 20 cents short.
The lady behind the counter had the old man in such a state, looking for a further 20 cents, and he was
shaking, obviously looking upset. But instead of letting the man go, she insisted that if his bill wasn't going to be
paid in full, the electricity company would probably give a fine on his next bill for unpaid fees.
Hearing this, I got really upset. So I went over and asked the lady behind the counter to give ALL of his
money back to the old man and I handed her my debit card and paid the bill for him.
The old man was asking “why are you doing this？” as he began crying. I told him because it was the
right thing to do. He thanked me over and over and smiled at my two kids on his way out of the post office.
The best part of this event was that the old man walked out of the post office and straight to Woolies and
bought a full basket of food, which he wouldn't have been able to buy had I not done that at the post office.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
It happened that we met this old man again in our community.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Our family decided to help improve the old man's situation.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
It happened that we met this old man again in our community. Both the old man and my family were
very surprised. After a short chat with him, we found out that the old man lived in an apartment near our building.
His children all worked far away out of town and they seldom came hack to see him except holidays.Unfortunately, the old man's wife passed away last year, and he had lived alone since then. We felt really sorry for
him.
Our family decided to help improve the old man's situation. We visited him regularly and spared time to
accompany him. At the same time, we did all kinds of housework for him. We helped him with washing, cooking,
cleaning and so on. We often bought vegetables, fruits and food for him because he was unable to go out easily.
Besides, we went to the post office to pay his bills for him. He didn't have to stand in line to pay his electricity bill
in person! Seeing him live a easier life, we had a sense of achievement.
【语篇解读】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和家人在邮局支付各种费用时遇到一个身体健康
状况不好的老人还差20美分才能够支付费用，作者让工作人员把那位老人已经交了的钱全部退回给老人，
用借记卡帮他支付了费用，老人很感谢，给作者的孩子买了食物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“碰巧我们在社区里又遇到了这位老人。”可知，第一段可描写老人的生活状
况。
②由第二段首句内容“我们家决定帮助改善这位老人的处境。”可知，第二段可描写作者和家人如何
帮助老人。
2．续写线索：发现老人的处境——看望——帮助——感想
3．词汇激活
行为类
①发现：find out/discover
②看望：visit sb./pay a visit to sb.
③帮助：help sb. with/assist sb. with
情绪类
①惊讶：be surprised/be astonished
②同情：feel sorry for/have sympathy for
【点睛】【高分句型1】 After a short chat with him, we found out that the old man lived in an apartment
near our building.(由that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】We often bought vegetables, fruits and food for him because he was unable to go out easily.
(由because引导的原因状语从句)
