应用文Passage 1 · 市中央图书馆「冬日阅读挑战」冬假活动通告

City Central Library — Winter Reading Challenge 2026 (Notice) · 基于市公共图书馆公开活动信息编写（模拟应用文） · 城市公共阅读 / 青少年教育 · 人与社会

📌 导读：（模拟应用文，基于公开信息编写）今冬，市中央图书馆面向 6–18 岁读者推出「冬日阅读挑战」：含活动时间、报名方式、阅读任务、奖励与规则等。信息密集、时间地点条件明确，是典型应用文体，适合训练细节定位与条件判断。

🔤 生词表：library 图书馆　invites 邀请　readers 读者　borrow 借阅、借　certificate 证书　storytelling 讲故事、说书　review 评论、读后感　reward 奖励、回报

📖 阅读短文（约 142 词）

City Central Library — Winter Reading Challenge 2026 (Notice) The City Central Libraryinvitesreaders aged 6 to 18 to join its Winter Reading Challenge, running from 1 December 2026 to 15 January 2027. 1. How to join: Sign up for free at the front desk or on the library's website before 30 November; each reader may borrow up to ten books. 2. Tasks: Read at least five books and write a short review for each on the reading card provided. 3. Reward: Those who finish all tasks receive a certificate and a free ticket to the Spring Storytelling Show on 21 January. 4. Rules: Return books on time; lost books must be paid for at the front desk. Members can also join weekend book clubs and a winter writing workshop. Hotline: 555-1030. Open Tuesday to Sunday, 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.

📝 题目

细节理解 1. When does the Winter Reading Challenge run?

A. From 1 December 2026 to 15 January 2027, the whole challenge period　B. On 30 November, the last day to sign up for free　C. On 21 January, the date of the Spring Storytelling Show　D. From 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., the library's daily opening hours, as the report explains

细节理解 2. What must a reader do to get the reward?

A. Pay for the books a reader borrows before receiving the certificate　B. Read at least five books and write a review for each on the card　C. Sign up after 30 November to avoid the borrowing limit　D. Return books on time to the front desk

推理判断 3. What can we infer about the program?

A. The library charges a fee for the books a reader borrows　B. Readers may keep borrowed books past the deadline at no cost, as the report explains　C. The library uses the challenge to encourage reading and reward effort　D. Only adults aged over 18 can take part in the show

记叙文Passage 2 · 双航天器借地球「引力弹弓」奔赴火星

NASA's twin ESCAPADE spacecraft slingshot past Earth toward Mars · 基于 NASA ESCAPADE 任务公开报道（2026-11）编写（探索故事） · 航天探索 / 行星科学 · 人与自我

📌 导读：（探索故事，基于公开信息编写）本月，美国航天局（NASA）一对名为 ESCAPADE 的小型航天器戏剧性地重返地球附近。它们 2025 年 11 月发射，绕地球—太阳 L2 点兜了一圈后折返，借助地球引力像弹弓一样弹向火星；11 月 7 日与 9 日先后掠过澳大利亚上空点火变轨。途中它们还顺带做了「额外科学」——首次直接探测地球磁尾的遥远区域。若一切顺利，这对「双胞胎」将于 2027 年 9 月抵达火星，研究其磁场与稀薄大气。

🔤 生词表：spacecraft 航天器　launched 发射　probes 探测器　slingshot 弹弓、引力弹弓　craft 飞行器　magnetotail 磁尾　atmosphere 大气层　satellites 卫星

📖 阅读短文（约 139 词）

NASA's twin ESCAPADE spacecraft made a dramatic return to Earth this month. Launched in November 2025, the two small probes looped around a quiet point in space called L2, then headed back to use Earth's gravity as a slingshot toward Mars. On 7 and 9 November 2026, each craft fired its engine as it flew over southern Australia, bending its path toward the Red Planet. About the size of a refrigerator, they passed between 600 and 1,100 miles above Earth — higher than most satellites. Along the way, ESCAPADE gathered bonus science, becoming the first mission to directly explore a distant part of Earth's magnetotail. Mission scientists say the data reveal new structure in that hidden region. If all goes well, the twins will reach Mars in September 2027, ready to study the planet's magnetic field and thin atmosphere.

📝 题目

细节理解 1. When did the spacecraft fire their engines?

A. In November 2025, when the two probes were first launched　B. In September 2027, when the twins are expected to reach Mars, as the report explains　C. In October 2026, before they returned to Earth's L2 point　D. On 7 and 9 November 2026, as they flew over southern Australia

推理判断 2. What can we infer about the L2 loop?

A. The loop was a planned route that let the craft use Earth's gravity to head for Mars　B. The probes reached Mars directly without any change of path　C. L2 is a point so close to Earth that the craft did not leave orbit, as the report explains　D. The engine burn over Australia was the main force that moved them

主旨大意 3. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Why NASA built the largest telescope ever made　B. Two small spacecraft using Earth's gravity to reach Mars, with bonus science　C. How Australia became the base for most space launches, as the report explains　D. The history of human trips to the planet Mars

词义猜测 4. What does the word "slingshot" most likely mean in the passage?

A. A small camera used to take photos of stars, as the report explains　B. A kind of fuel that powers a rocket engine　C. A method of using gravity to push a craft onto a new path　D. A safety belt that keeps astronauts inside

说明文Passage 3 · COP31 气候峰会：电气化目标与「够不够」之争

COP31 climate summit: the electrification goal and the debate over whether it is enough · Reuters（2026-11-09，土耳其安塔利亚 COP31 开幕报道） · 全球气候治理 / 能源转型 · 人与自然

📌 导读：（真实外媒报道）11 月 9 日，联合国气候峰会 COP31 在土耳其安塔利亚开幕，近 200 国与会。主席国土耳其提出到 2035 年将全球经济电气化比例从当前约五分之一提升至逾三分之一。文章解释该目标如何可能减排，也点出争议：承诺并不要求新增电力来自低碳源；与此同时，人工智能的迅速扩张推高用电需求、增加排放。2026 年正迈向有记录以来最热的四年之一。

🔤 生词表：summit 峰会　electrify 使电气化　pledge 承诺、誓约　fossil-fuel 化石燃料　emissions 排放（物）　advocates 倡导者、支持者　glacier 冰川　surge 激增、猛增

📖 阅读短文（约 151 词）

COP31, the UN climate summit, opened in Antalya, Turkey, on 9 November 2026, with nearly 200 countries attending. Host Turkey has set a bold goal: to electrify more than a third of the global economy by 2035, up from about a fifth today. Nations are asked to sign a pledge supporting this target. In theory, shifting from fossil-fuel cars, furnaces and stoves to electric ones could cut planet-warming emissions. Yet climate advocates warn the plan is weak, because it does not require the extra electricity to come from low-carbon sources. Meanwhile, the rapid spread of artificial intelligence is driving a surge in power demand, adding to emissions. Scientists say 2026 is on track to be among the four hottest years on record, after extreme heatwaves in Western Europe and a glacier collapse in Nepal that killed over 1,450 people. 'We must move faster,' the UN's climate chief told the opening session.

📝 题目

细节理解 1. What is Turkey's electrification goal?

A. To cut the global economy to a fifth of its present size by 2035, as the report explains　B. To power all vehicles with fossil fuels before 2035　C. To reach a fifth of the economy powered by electricity today　D. To electrify over a third of the global economy by 2035, from a fifth now

词义猜测 2. What does the word "electrify" mean in this passage?

A. To power machines and transport with electricity instead of fuel　B. To reduce the size of a country's whole economy, as the report explains　C. To measure how hot the planet has become　D. To build more coal plants to make power

主旨大意 3. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How artificial intelligence alone will end the climate crisis, as the report explains　B. COP31's electrification goal and the debate over whether it is enough　C. Why Nepal's glacier collapsed and killed 1,450 people　D. The history of UN climate summits since 2015

推理判断 4. What can we infer about the electrification plan?

A. Switching to electric cars could end much warming by 2035, as the report explains　B. Low-carbon power is already required by the pledge　C. Without clean power, electrification alone may not cut emissions much　D. The plan is praised by climate advocates as fully enough

说明文Passage 4 · 睡眠、屏幕与运动：一项中国青少年心理健康研究

Sleep, screen time and exercise: a study of Chinese teenagers' mental health · Journal of Affective Disorders（2026）广州少年儿童队列 / 上海交通大学公卫学院研究 · 公共卫生 / 青少年心理健康 · 人与自我

📌 导读：（真实研究报道）一项针对万余名中国青少年的大型研究发现，睡眠、屏幕时间与运动三者作为一个整体共同影响心理健康。每天睡约 8.5 小时并减少屏幕时间的青少年，抑郁与问题性用网风险显著更低；以睡眠替代屏幕时间可使抑郁几率降低近一半。研究亦指出约四成青少年三项全不达标、仅 2.7% 全达标，女生风险高于男生。

🔤 生词表：teenagers 青少年　mental 心理的、精神的　depression 抑郁（症）　adolescents 青少年　anxiety 焦虑（症）　loneliness 孤独（感）　guidelines 指导方针、准则　odds 几率、可能性

📖 阅读短文（约 143 词）

A large study of Chinese teenagers has shown how daily habits shape mental health. Tracking more than 12,000 students, researchers found that sleep, screen time and exercise work together as a whole. Teens who slept about 8.5 hours a day and cut screen time faced far lower risks of depression and problem internet use. In fact, getting longer sleep — especially by replacing screen time — lowered the odds of depression by nearly half. The team also reported that about 40% of adolescents met none of the healthy guidelines, and only 2.7% met all three. Depression, anxiety and loneliness were common, with girls at higher risk than boys. 'Sleep is the weakest link,' one researcher noted, as school pressure often steals teenagers' rest. The findings suggest that protecting sleep and trimming screen time may be a practical way to support youth mental health.

📝 题目

细节理解 1. What did the study find about sleep and screen time?

A. Teens need 12,000 hours of sleep to avoid depression, as the report explains, during the same period　B. More screen time often improves teenagers' mood　C. Boys faced the risk while girls were safe　D. Longer sleep, by cutting screen time, lowered depression odds by nearly half

词义猜测 2. What does the word "odds" mean in the passage?

A. The chances or likelihood of something happening　B. The number of hours a student should sleep, as the report explains　C. A type of mental illness like anxiety　D. The rules that schools must follow

主旨大意 3. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Why Chinese schools should cancel much homework　B. How sleep, screen time and exercise together affect teen mental health　C. The life story of one famous researcher　D. Why Chinese students should ignore sleep to study more, as the report explains

推理判断 4. What can we infer from the findings?

A. Most teens already meet the three healthy guidelines　B. Exercise alone is enough to remove many mental-health risks, as the report explains　C. Schools should help protect students' sleep to support mental health　D. Girls face lower risk of depression than boys do

议论文Passage 5 · AI 聊天机器人该为「重用新闻」付费吗？

Should an AI chatbot pay for the news it reuses? · Reuters（2026-11-03，欧盟法院总检察长关于 Google Gemini 版权案意见） · 科技与版权 / 平台与新闻业 · 人与社会

📌 导读：（真实外媒报道）11 月 3 日，欧洲最高法院顾问警告，谷歌 Gemini 在用它抓取出版商文章来回答问题时可能侵犯版权。案件由匈牙利网站 Like Company 诉谷歌。顾问指出：聊天机器人若绕过付费墙、重用报道的「表达形式」并提供答案，可能侵犯出版商权利；但版权只保护具体文字而非事实，且用公开文本训练 AI 依现有规则被允许。谷歌主张 Gemini 生成原创回答、训练合法；出版商则反驳 AI 答案正取代搜索链接、抽走流量，理应获酬。

🔤 生词表：chatbot 聊天机器人　breach 违反、破坏　copyright 版权　publishers 出版商、发行方　infringe 侵犯（权利）　paywall 付费墙　original 原创的　journalism 新闻业、新闻报道

📖 阅读短文（约 156 词）

Should an AI chatbot pay for the news it reuses? On 3 November, an adviser to Europe's top court warned that Google's Gemini may breachcopyright when it answers questions using publishers' articles. The case pits Hungarian website Like Company against Google. The adviser, Maciej Szpunar, said a chatbot that pulls a publication, reuses its wording, and hands the answer to users may infringe the publisher's rights — especially if it slips past a paywall. He added that copyright protects the specific words, not the bare facts. Yet he also said training AI on public text is freely allowed under existing rules. Google argues Gemini creates original replies and that EU law permits AI training on public information. Publishers counter that AI answers now replace search links and drain their traffic, so they deserve payment. The debate lays bare a clash between tech giants and newsrooms over who should profit from journalism in the AI age.

📝 题目

推理判断 1. What can we infer about the adviser's opinion?

A. He believes AI training on news is clearly illegal, as the report explains　B. He thinks the bare facts alone can be copyrighted　C. He argues Google must pay for each word it writes　D. He sees reuse of wording without permission as a possible rights breach

观点态度 2. What is the publishers' attitude toward AI answers?

A. Opposed: they see AI answers as stealing their traffic and want payment　B. Supportive: they welcome AI replacing their own websites, as the report explains　C. Uninterested: they say it makes no difference to them　D. Grateful: they thank Google for free promotion

主旨大意 3. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to build a better search engine than Google, as the report explains　B. A court case debating whether AI must pay for reusing news　C. The life of Maciej Szpunar, a famous judge　D. Why publishers should stop reporting the news

细节理解 4. According to the passage, what is NOT protected by copyright?

A. The exact wording that appears in a news article　B. A chatbot's original reply made without reusing text　C. The bare facts reported in a news article　D. Words taken from behind a paywall without permission

议论文Passage 6 · 该给「超快时尚」套上缰绳吗？

Should cheap, throwaway clothing be reined in? · Textile Insights / 法治日报（2026，德法荷推动欧盟收紧超快时尚监管） · 国际贸易 / 环境与消费 · 人与社会

📌 导读：（真实外媒报道）德国、法国与荷兰敦促欧盟收紧对「超快时尚」的监管——一种靠海量低价、短命衣物盈利的模式。三国在欧盟理事会指出此类服装消耗资源与废弃物系统，主张加强生态设计规则、明确界定、并让生产者承担更高成本（延伸生产者责任）。2026 年 7 月 1 日起，欧盟取消 150 欧元以下小包裹免税豁免、改征固定费用。支持者称规则护环境、保公平竞争；批评者担心抬高价格、伤害海外网商。

🔤 生词表：reined 控制、约束（rein in）　ultra-fast 超快的　garments 服装、衣物　strains 使…紧张、过度消耗　disposable 一次性的、用完即弃的　eco-design 生态设计　exemption 豁免、免除　accountable 负责任的、可问责的

📖 阅读短文（约 134 词）

Should cheap, throwaway clothing be reined in? Germany, France and the Netherlands have urged the European Union to crack down on ultra-fast fashion, a business model built on huge volumes of low-cost, short-lived garments. At a recent EU council meeting, the three nations argued that such clothing strains resources and waste systems, and that making disposable clothes should no longer pay off. They want stronger eco-design rules, clearer definitions, and heavier costs for producers through extended producer responsibility. From 1 July 2026, the EU ended its duty-free exemption for cheap parcels under 150 euros, adding a fixed fee instead. Backers say the rules protect the planet and fair competition; critics warn they may raise prices and hurt overseas online sellers. The move reflects a broader push to make fashion slower, greener and more accountable.

📝 题目

推理判断 1. What can we infer about the EU's new rules?

A. They make clothing free of charge for buyers　B. They remove the tax on parcels from outside Europe　C. They were welcomed by overseas sellers without complaint, as the report explains　D. They aim to make fashion greener by shifting costs to producers

观点态度 2. What is the attitude of Germany, France and the Netherlands?

A. Supportive: they want tighter rules to curb fast fashion's harm　B. Opposed: they defend cheap clothing as good for consumers, as the report explains　C. Neutral: they say the issue is not their concern　D. Confused: they cannot decide what to do

主旨大意 3. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to start a clothing business online　B. EU efforts to regulate ultra-fast fashion and its costs　C. The history of German fashion since 1990　D. Why people should stop buying all clothes, as the report explains

细节理解 4. What change took effect on 1 July 2026?

A. The EU removed the fees on parcels above 150 euros　B. Producers were forced to stop selling clothes in Europe, as the report explains　C. The duty-free exemption for cheap parcels under 150 euros ended　D. Clothing became free for citizens to take

📑 参考答案与解析

Passage 1 · 市中央图书馆「冬日阅读挑战」冬假活动通告

1. 答案：A　细节理解题。由「running from 1 December 2026 to 15 January 2027」可知活动贯穿 12 月 1 日至次年 1 月 15 日，故选 A。B 把报名截止日 11 月 30 日说成活动期（偷换概念）；C 把 1 月 21 日演出日说成活动全程（偷换概念）；D 把每日开放时间说成活动期（偷换概念）。

定位：running from 1 December 2026 to 15 January 2027

2. 答案：B　细节理解题。由「Read at least five books and write a short review for each on the reading card provided」可知须读满 5 本并各写一则读后感，故选 B。A 把赔书规则说成领奖条件（条件偷换）；C 把「11.30 前报名」反说成「之后」（条件偷换）；D 把「按时还书」说成领奖条件（部分真实关键篡改：还书规则属实，但篡改成领奖条件）。

定位：Read at least five books and write a short review for each on the reading card provided

3. 答案：C　推理判断题。由「invites readers aged 6 to 18 to join its Winter Reading Challenge」并设证书与演出门票奖励，可推知图书馆借挑战鼓励阅读、奖励付出，故选 C。A 把免费参加说成收费（偷换概念）；B 把「按时还书」反说成可超期免费（偷换概念）；D 把 6–18 岁参与说成仅成人（偷换概念）。

定位：invites readers aged 6 to 18 to join its Winter Reading Challenge

Passage 2 · 双航天器借地球「引力弹弓」奔赴火星

1. 答案：D　细节理解题。由「On 7 and 9 November 2026, each craft fired its engine as it flew over southern Australia」可知点火发生在 2026 年 11 月 7 日与 9 日掠过澳大利亚上空时，故选 D。A 把 2025 年 11 月发射时间说成点火时间（偷换概念）；B 把 2027 年 9 月抵达火星说成点火时间（偷换概念）；C 把实际发生的 11 月飞掠说成 10 月尚未返回（时态阶段混淆）。

定位：On 7 and 9 November 2026, each craft fired its engine as it flew over southern Australia

2. 答案：A　推理判断题。由「looped around ... L2, then headed back to use Earth's gravity as a slingshot toward Mars」可知绕 L2 是预设路线，借地球引力转向火星，故选 A。B 把「引力弹弓转向」说成直达无需变轨（偷换概念）；C 把 L2 说成离地球很近、从未离开轨道（偷换概念）；D 引擎点火属实，但说成「主要动力」篡改了引力作用（部分真实关键篡改）。

定位：looped around a quiet point in space called L2, then headed back to use Earth's gravity as a slingshot toward Mars

3. 答案：B　主旨大意题。文章讲述一对航天器借地球引力弹弓奔赴火星、并顺带探测磁尾，故选 B。A 谈最大望远镜（答非所问）；C 谈澳大利亚成发射基地（答非所问）；D 谈人类登火星史（答非所问）。

定位：NASA's twin ESCAPADE spacecraft made a dramatic return to Earth this month

4. 答案：C　词义猜测题。由「use Earth's gravity as a slingshot toward Mars」及「fired its engine ... bending its path」可知 slingshot 指借助引力把飞行器弹向新轨道的方法，故选 C。A 说成拍照相机（答非所问）；B 说成火箭燃料（答非所问）；D 说成安全带（答非所问）。

定位：use Earth's gravity as a slingshot toward Mars

Passage 3 · COP31 气候峰会：电气化目标与「够不够」之争

1. 答案：D　细节理解题。由「to electrify more than a third of the global economy by 2035, up from about a fifth today」可知目标是 2035 年前把电气化比例从当前约五分之一提至逾三分之一，故选 D。A 把「当前五分之一」说成「削减到五分之一」（偷换概念）；B 把「转向电动」反说成「用化石燃料」（偷换概念）；C 把 2035 目标说成「当前五分之一」（缩小范围）。

定位：to electrify more than a third of the global economy by 2035, up from about a fifth today

2. 答案：A　词义猜测题。由「shifting from fossil-fuel cars, furnaces and stoves to electric ones」可知 electrify 指以电力替代燃料驱动机器与交通，故选 A。B 说成削减经济规模（答非所问）；C 说成测量气温（答非所问）；D 说成建煤电厂（答非所问）。

定位：shifting from fossil-fuel cars, furnaces and stoves to electric ones

3. 答案：B　主旨大意题。文章介绍 COP31 的电气化目标及「是否足够」的争议，故选 B。A 谈 AI 独自终结气候危机（答非所问）；C 谈尼泊尔冰川灾难（答非所问）；D 谈 2015 以来峰会史（答非所问）。

定位：COP31, the UN climate summit, opened in Antalya, Turkey

4. 答案：C　推理判断题。由「climate advocates warn the plan is weak, because it does not require the extra electricity to come from low-carbon sources」可推知若电力不清洁，单靠电气化未必显著减排，故选 C。A 把「可能减缓」夸成「将终结变暖」（程度失当）；B 把「有承诺」篡改成「已要求低碳电力」（部分真实关键篡改）；D 把「倡导者质疑」夸成「盛赞足够」（程度失当）。

定位：climate advocates warn the plan is weak, because it does not require the extra electricity to come from low-carbon sources

Passage 4 · 睡眠、屏幕与运动：一项中国青少年心理健康研究

1. 答案：D　细节理解题。由「getting longer sleep — especially by replacing screen time — lowered the odds of depression by nearly half」可知延长睡眠（尤其替代屏幕时间）使抑郁几率降近一半，故选 D。A 把受访人数 12000 说成睡眠时长（偷换概念）；B 把「减屏有益」夸成「多屏常改善情绪」（程度失当）；C 把「女生风险更高」篡改成「女生安全」（部分真实关键篡改）。

定位：getting longer sleep — especially by replacing screen time — lowered the odds of depression by nearly half

2. 答案：A　词义猜测题。由「lowered the odds of depression by nearly half」可知 odds 指某事发生的几率/可能性，故选 A。B 说成睡眠时长（答非所问）；C 说成心理疾病（答非所问）；D 说成学校规则（答非所问）。

定位：lowered the odds of depression by nearly half

3. 答案：B　主旨大意题。文章讲睡眠、屏幕时间与运动如何共同影响青少年心理健康，故选 B。A 谈取消作业（答非所问）；C 谈某研究者生平（答非所问）；D 谈学生忽视睡眠（答非所问）。

定位：A large study of Chinese teenagers has shown how daily habits shape mental health

4. 答案：C　推理判断题。由「'Sleep is the weakest link,' one researcher noted, as school pressure often steals teenagers' rest」可推知学校应帮助学生保障睡眠以护心理健康，故选 C。A 把「仅 2.7% 全达标」篡改成「多数已达标」（部分真实关键篡改）；B 把「保护睡眠有益」夸成「运动 alone 消除多数风险」（程度失当）；D 把「女生风险更高」反说成「更低」（偷换概念）。

定位：'Sleep is the weakest link,' one researcher noted, as school pressure often steals teenagers' rest

Passage 5 · AI 聊天机器人该为「重用新闻」付费吗？

1. 答案：D　推理判断题。由「a chatbot that pulls a publication, reuses its wording ... may infringe the publisher's rights」可知顾问认为未经许可重用文字可能侵权，故选 D。A 把「训练被允许」篡改成「训练明显违法」（部分真实关键篡改）；B 把「事实不受保护」反说成「事实可版权化」（偷换概念）；C 把「可能侵权」夸成「必须为每个字付费」（程度失当）。

定位：a chatbot that pulls a publication, reuses its wording, and hands the answer to users may infringe the publisher's rights

2. 答案：A　观点态度题。由「Publishers counter that AI answers now replace search links and drain their traffic, so they deserve payment」可知出版商持反对态度，视 AI 答案为抽走流量、要求付费，故选 A。B 把「反对」反说成「支持」（偷换概念）；C 把「关切流量损失」反说成「无所谓」（偷换概念）；D 把「要求付费」反说成「感激免费宣传」（偷换概念）。

定位：Publishers counter that AI answers now replace search links and drain their traffic, so they deserve payment

3. 答案：B　主旨大意题。文章围绕一起探讨「AI 重用新闻是否须付费」的官司展开，故选 B。A 谈造更好搜索引擎（答非所问）；C 谈 Szpunar 生平（答非所问）；D 谈出版商停报（答非所问）。

定位：Should an AI chatbot pay for the news it reuses?

4. 答案：C　细节理解题。由「copyright protects the specific words, not the bare facts」可知版权只保护具体文字、不保护事实本身，故选 C。A 把「受保护的表达」说成「不受保护」（偷换概念）；B 把「原创回复合法」说成「不受保护」（偷换概念）；D 把「绕过付费墙可能侵权」说成「不受保护」（偷换概念）。

定位：copyright protects the specific words, not the bare facts

Passage 6 · 该给「超快时尚」套上缰绳吗？

1. 答案：D　推理判断题。由「They want stronger eco-design rules ... heavier costs for producers」与「make fashion slower, greener」可推知新规意在把成本转给生产者、让时尚更绿色，故选 D。A 把「加征费用」反说成「免费」（偷换概念）；B 把「取消豁免=加费」反说成「取消所有税」（偷换概念）；C 把「有批评者」篡改成「所有卖家无抱怨」（部分真实关键篡改）。

定位：They want stronger eco-design rules, clearer definitions, and heavier costs for producers

2. 答案：A　观点态度题。由「Germany, France and the Netherlands have urged the European Union to crack down on ultra-fast fashion」可知三国持支持收紧的态度，故选 A。B 把「主张收紧」反说成「反对」（偷换概念）；C 把「积极推动」反说成「中立不关心」（偷换概念）；D 把「明确立场」反说成「犹豫不决」（偷换概念）。

定位：Germany, France and the Netherlands have urged the European Union to crack down on ultra-fast fashion

3. 答案：B　主旨大意题。文章讲欧盟（德法荷推动）对超快时尚及其成本的监管努力，故选 B。A 谈如何开网店（答非所问）；C 谈德国时尚史（答非所问）；D 谈别买衣服（答非所问）。

定位：Germany, France and the Netherlands have urged the European Union to crack down on ultra-fast fashion

4. 答案：C　细节理解题。由「From 1 July 2026, the EU ended its duty-free exemption for cheap parcels under 150 euros, adding a fixed fee instead」可知当日生效的是取消 150 欧元以下小包裹免税豁免并加征固定费，故选 C。A 把「150 欧以下取消豁免」说成「150 欧以上免所有费」（偷换概念）；B 把「加强生产者责任」说成「禁止在欧洲卖衣」（偷换概念）；D 把「加征费用」反说成「免费发放」（偷换概念）。

定位：From 1 July 2026, the EU ended its duty-free exemption for cheap parcels under 150 euros, adding a fixed fee instead