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专题12 语法填空训练 (2)
1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The UK will soon adopt a four-day work week trial, which will run between June and November 2022,
letting employees at 60 UK____1____(company)work for four days a week instead of five
while____2____(receive) the same pay. Researchers will measure the impact of reduced hours
____3____productivity, the environment, gender equality and workers’ well-being.
The trial is part of the 4-Day Week UK campaign,____4____encourages businesses to create better work
environments. The previous largest four-day work week trials____5____(do)in Reykjavik,Iceland,and involved
over 2,500 workers. These led to long-term changes in the country’s average working schedule,with a
research____6____(conduct) in 2021 estimating that 86% of the workers in Iceland were either working shorter
weeks____7____getting the right to do so.
In____8____2021 survey of 500 British business leaders, researchers found that 78% of those who had
already started using four-day work weeks said employees were less stressed, and 75% said employees were
happier. The same survey asked 2,000 British workers about a four-day work week. The largest number said they
would be____9____(extreme) interested in the idea if they could choose which day to take off each week. But
56% said they would still be interested even if their employers____10____(choose) which day they took off.
【答案】
1. companies
2. receiving
3. On/upon
4. which
5. were done
6. conducted
7. or
8. a
9. extremely
10. chose
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国即将采取一周四天工作日制度。
1.考查名词复数。句意:英国很快将采用一项为期四天的每周工作制试点,该试点将于 2022年6月至
11月进行,让60家英国公司的员工每周工作四天,而不是五天,同时领取相同的工资。根据空前的 60
可知,空处表示60家英国公司,所以需要名词的复数形式。故填companies。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:英国很快将采用一项为期四天的每周工作制试点,该试点将于2022年6月至11月进行,让60家英国公司的员工每周工作四天,而不是五天,同时领取相同的工资。分析句子结构可
知,句中已有谓语动词,所以空中为非谓语动词作状语,和逻辑主语employees之间存在主动关系,所以
用现在分词。分词作状语时,有时为了强调状语的类型,可以在分词前加上从属连词,比如 while,
when,if等。故填receiving。
3.考查介词。句意:研究人员将衡量减少工时对生产力、环境、性别平等和工人福利的影响。the impact
on/upon sth.“对……的影响”。故填on/upon。
4.考查定语从句。句意:该试验是英国为期4天的工作周活动的一部分,该活动鼓励企业创造更好的工
作环境。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词campaign,在定语从句中作主语,
所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
5.考查时态语态。句意:此前规模最大的四天工作周试验在冰岛雷克雅未克进行,涉及 2500多名工人。
分析句子结构可知,空处为句子的谓语动词。此句主语是复数名词 trials,与空白处的动词是被动关系,
故谓语动词应该用被动语态的复数形式,且该空与后面的“and involved...”并列,应为过去式。故填were
done。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:这导致冰岛平均工作时间表发生长期变化,2021进行的一项研究估计,冰岛
86%的工人要么工作时间缩短,要么有权这样做。分析句子结构可知,空处考查 with的复合结构,空处
为非谓语动词作宾语补足语,和宾语之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填conducted。
7.考查连词。句意:这导致冰岛平均工作时间表发生长期变化,2021进行的一项研究估计,冰岛86%的
工人要么工作时间缩短,要么有权这样做。根据句意可知,本题考查短语either...or“要么……要么……”。
故填or。
8.考查冠词。句意:在2021对500名英国商业领袖进行的一项调查中,研究人员发现,78%的已经开始
使用四天工作周的人表示,员工压力较小,75%的人表示员工更快乐。此处泛指“一次调查”,且
“2021”是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词a修饰,故填a。
9.考查副词。句意:最大量的人表示,他们对如果他们能选择每周哪一天休假的想法非常感兴趣。空处
修饰后面的形容词,所以需要副词。故填extremely。
10.考查时态。句意:但56%的人表示,即使他们的雇主选择哪一天,他们仍然会感兴趣。分析句子结
构可知,空处为if从句中的谓语动词,根据“which day they took off”可知,if从句中的时态为一般过去时,
且主语和谓语之间为主动关系。故填chose。
2.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
National Geographic explorer Paul Salopek has just hiked across Erlang Mountain in Southwest China’s
Sichuan province. This is just a start of his __11__(ambition) plan of trekking (跋涉) in China.
As a trekker with global footprints, Salopek is committed to experiencing different cultures all over the world
and __12__(record) the lives of people he encounters on his journey. China, a large country with diverse natural
and human landscapes, __13__(be) an important stop on Salopek’s global trek.Starting in September 2021, Salopek set off from Yunnan province and __14__(plan) to walk through many
regions.“My route is not always to famous tourist landmarks,”says the explorer, who likes to visit grassroots areas
__15__(find) real life.“It could be someone’s dinner table, __16__the sight of an old ethnic Bai weaving at
home.” Because every step of the way is new to him, Salopek tries to keep an open mind about __17__ he can
seek memorable things.
Salopek is also witnessing China’s achievements in the fields of ecology, wildlife conservation.“I hiked
across other places__18__(empty) of their wildlife by human beings. The Gaoligong Mountains represents a
chance for comfort,” Salopek says while hiking across the mountains.
Salopek is still currently__19__the road, walking across China, __20__journey in China is being recorded
by a film crew for a 10-episode documentary series entitled The Forever Walk: China.
【答案】
11.ambitious
12.recording
13.is
14.planned
15.to find
16.or
17.where
18.emptied
19.on
20.whose
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了国家地理探险家保罗·萨罗派克的中国之旅。
11.考查形容词。句意:这只是他雄心勃勃的中国徒步旅行计划的开始。分析句子结构可知,空后是名
词plan,所以应该填形容词,作定语,修饰名词,ambition的形容词形式是ambitious。故填ambitious。
12.考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名足迹遍布全球的徒步旅行者,Salopek致力于体验世界各地不同的
文化,并记录他在旅途中遇到的人们的生活。分析句子结构,根据空前的 and可知,空处和前文的
experiencing并列,所以空处也用动名词形式。故填recording。
13.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:中国是一个自然和人文景观多样的大国,是萨罗佩克环球旅行的重要
一站。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以 be动词做本句谓语,主语是China,为第三人称单
数,描述的是客观事实,用一般现在时。故填is。
14.考查时态。句意:2021年9月,萨罗佩克从云南省出发,计划徒步穿越多个地区。分析句子结构,
根据空前的and可知,空处和空前的set的并列,一起做并列谓语,根据时间状语in September 2021可知,用一般过去时。故填planned。
15.考查非谓语动词。句意:这位探险家说,他喜欢去基层地区寻找真实的生活。分析句子结构可知,
本句已有谓语动词likes,所以find应用非谓语形式,根据句意可知,此处是表目的,作目的状语,应该
用不定式形式。故填to find。
16.考查连词。句意:它可能是某人的餐桌,也可能是一个白族老人在家编织的景象。分析句子结构可
知,根据句意可知,空处前后两句是并列关系,并且表示的是可能性,应该用or意为“或者”连接。故
填or
17.考查宾语从句。句意:因为每一步对他来说都是新的,Salopek试图保持开放的心态去寻找值得纪念
的东西。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,从句中结构完整,应该用连接副词或者that引导,根据
句意,缺少地点状语,应该用where引导。故填where。
18.考查非谓语动词。句意:我徒步穿越其他地方,那里的野生动物被人类清空了。分析句子结构可知,
本句已有谓语动词hiked,所以empty应用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是places,两者间是被动关系,应
该用过去分词表被动。故填emptied。
19.考查介词。句意:萨罗佩克目前仍在路上,行走在中国,他在中国的旅程被一个电影摄制组记录下
来,拍摄了一部10集的纪录片,名为《永远的行走:中国》。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定搭配:
on the road意为“在路上”符合题意。故填on。
20.考查定语从句。句意:萨罗佩克目前仍在路上,行走在中国,他在中国的旅程被一个电影摄制组记
录下来,拍摄了一部10集的纪录片,名为《永远的行走:中国》。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制
性定语从句,先行词是Salopek,关系词在从句作定语,所以应用whose引导。故填whose。
3.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the face of a changing climate and an ever-growing population, strengthening ___21___ world’s future
food security has never been more important. That’s where seed banks come in, and their goal is ___22___
(preserve) as many plant species as possible. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway is the so-called
“mothership” of seed banks and ___23___ (store) back-ups of more than one million plant ___24___ (sample).
Scientists have cross-bred certain seeds to produce beans and potatoes that are ___25___ (rich) in vitamins,
zinc and iron than standard varieties. These ___26___ (improve) varieties have been sent to Africa and elsewhere
in Latin America, with benefits for public health. But seed bankers still need to work fast.
According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 75% of global crop species ___27___ (lose) over
the past century. At the same time, about 40% of the world’s plant species are at risk of ___28___ (extinct), and
most of the world’s food comes from just a handful of plant and animal species. Though there are more than 7,000
plant species on the planet, just three—rice, maize and wheat—___29___ (be) the staple food of over half the
world’s population. That is ___30___ seed banks are so important.【答案】
21.the
22.to preserve
23.stores
24.samples
25.richer
26.improved
27.have been lost
28.extinction
29.are
30.why
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了面对不断变化的气候和不断增长的人口,加强世界未来的粮
食安全从未像现在这样重要。这就是种子银行的作用,它们的目标是保存尽可能多的植物物种。
21.考查冠词。句意:面对不断变化的气候和不断增长的人口,加强世界未来的粮食安全比以往任何时
候都更加重要。分析句子,空后world’s future food security为名词短语,此处表示特指,故使用定冠词。
故填the。
22.考查非谓语动词。句意:这就是种子银行的作用,它们的目标是保存尽可能多的植物物种。句中的
be to do为固定短语,意为“去做某事”,不定式作表语。故填to preserve。
23.考查动词。句意:挪威的斯瓦尔巴群岛全球种子库被称为种子银行的“母舰”,储存了超过100万
份植物样本的备份。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,此处与空前的 is构成并列结构,主语为The
Svalbard Global Seed Vault其为单数,故使用一般现在时。故填stores。
24.考查名词。句意:同上。sample为可数名词,由 more than one million 修饰应用复数形式。故填
samples。
25.考查形容词。句意:科学家对部分特定的种子进行了杂交和增压,以产出比普通品种富含更多锌、
铁和维生素的优质豆类和木薯类品种。根据“than”可知,此处表示“更富含”应用比较级。故填richer。
26.考查形容词。句意:这些改良品种已被送往非洲和拉丁美洲其他地区投产,将造福当地的公众健康。
修饰后文名词varieties应用形容词improved,作定语。improved意为“被改良的”,符合句意。故填
improved。
27.考查动词。句意:根据联合国粮农组织的数据,在过去的一个世纪中,随着农户转向种植单一基因
的高产作物,导致全球作物多样性损失了75%。根据后文over the past century可知为现在完成时,主语为
75% of global crop species,助动词用has,同时75% of global crop species和lose之间构成被动关系,故使
用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been lost。
28.考查名词。句意:与此同时,世界上大约40%的植物物种正面临灭绝的危险,而世界上大部分的食物都来自少数几种植物和动物物种。分析句子,设空处置于 of后,应该使用名词作宾语,extinct为形容
词,意为“灭绝的”,其名词为extinction。故填extinction。
29.考查主谓一致。句意:尽管地球上有7000多种可食用植物,但区区三种——玉米、水稻和小麦,就
提供了全球一半以上人口的主食。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为 just three,谓语用复数。故填
are。
30.考查固定句型。句意:这就是为什么种子银行如此重要。表示“这就是为什么……”句型为That is
why…。故填why。
4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1665, Johannes Vermeer dabbed( 轻 涂 ) the last drop of paint onto a canvas in his Dutch
studio,___31___(complete)his masterpiece “Girl With a Pearl Earring.”On ___32___ April day 357 years later,
Janine Strong slowed her bike to stop, ___33___(pause) her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line of her
cycling route drew the shape of Vermeer’s masterpiece over the streets of Brooklyn. Ms. Strong creates ___34___
has come to be known as “GPS art” — a practice that uses the mapping capabilities of modern phone apps
___35___(create) digital drawings using a route across the landscape. It is ___36___(particular) popular on
Strava and often referred to ___37___ “Strava art”. Strava art ___38___( exist) since that app’s release in 2009,
but ___39___ experienced a surge in use during the pandemic. According to the company, more than three billion
____40____(activity) have been uploaded to Strava since the beginning of 2020.
【答案】
31.completing
32.an
33.paused
34.what
35.to create
36.particularly
37.as
38.has existed
39.it
40.activities
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是由Janine Strong创造的一种后来被称为“GPS艺术”的艺术形式,
这种艺术形式在疫情大流行期间很受欢迎。
31.考查非谓语动词。句意:1665年,Johannes Vermeer在他的荷兰工作室将最后一滴颜料涂抹在画布上,完成了他的杰作“戴珍珠耳环的女孩”。分析句子结构, dabbed是谓语,所以complete 应用非谓语动
词形式充当状语,与逻辑主语 Johannes Vermeer 是主谓关系,所以用现在分词 completing。故填
completing。
32.考查冠词。句意:357年后的四月一天,Janine Strong放慢了自行车的速度停下来,暂停了她的健身
应用程序,看着她自行车路线的蜿蜒线条在布鲁克林的街道上画出了Vermeer的杰作。根据句意“在四月
的一天”可知,此处填不定冠词,April是元音音素开头。故填an。
33.考查谓语动词。句意:357年后的四月一天,Janine Strong放慢了自行车的速度停下来,暂停了她的
健身应用程序,看着她自行车路线的蜿蜒线条在布鲁克林的街道上画出了Vermeer的杰作。分析句子结构,
pause与slowed、watched构成并列谓语。故填paused。
34.考查连词。句意:Ms. Strong创造了后来被称为“GPS艺术”的东西——一种利用现代手机应用程序
的地图功能,使用穿越景观的路线创建数字图纸的做法。分析句子结构,此处是一个宾语从句,从句中
缺主语,指事物。故填what。
35.考查非谓语动词。句意:Ms. Strong创造了后来被称为“GPS艺术”的东西——一种利用现代手机应
用程序的地图功能,使用穿越景观的路线创建数字图纸的做法。分析句子结构,uses是谓语,create 应用
非谓语动词形式,根据句意“它使用现代手机应用里的地图绘画功能,以遍布整片景观的道道线条创作
出数字图画”可知,此处用不定式表目的,且与逻辑主语 that指代的内容a practice是主动关系。故填to
create。
36.考查副词。句意:它在Strava上特别受欢迎,通常被称为“Strava 艺术”。分析句子可知,此处为
副词修饰形容词popular。故填particularly。
37.考查介词。句意:它在Strava上特别受欢迎,通常被称为“Strava 艺术”。分析句子可知,此处为
固定短语,refer to...as...意为“称……为……”,题目中使用的是该短语的被动形式。故填as。
38.考查谓语动词。句意:自 2009 年该应用程序发布以来,Strava 艺术就一直存在,但在疫情大流行
期间,它的使用量激增。分析句子可知,此处应该填谓语动词形式,根据时间状语 since that app’s release
in 2009,此处用现在完成时,主语Strava art是单数,谓语用单三形式,且与exist之间为主动关系。故填
has existed。
39.考查代词。句意:自2009年该应用程序发布以来,Strava 艺术就一直存在,但在疫情大流行期间,
它的使用量激增。分析句子可知,此处应填代词作主语,结合句意,此处指代上文的Strava art。故填it。
40.考查名词。句意:据该公司称,自2020年初以来,已有超过30亿个活动上传到Strava。分析句子可
知,此处应填名词作主语,依据three billion或者谓语动词have been uploaded可知,此处填名词复数形式。
故填activities。
5.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Acrobatics, whose Chinese name is zaji, is popular with people. Modern acrobatics mainly depends on
performer’s soft body____41____(complete) a series of highly difficult movements. It can ____42____(find) inmany of performing arts and many sports. Acrobatics is often associated with the activities ____43____ make
extensive use of gymnastic skills, such as circus and gymnastics, but many other athletic activities, such as wushu,
ballet and diving may also employ ____44____(element) of acrobatics. The items in Chinese acrobatics include
lion dance, oral stunts, pagoda of bowls, juggling, wire walking, etc.
Chinese zaji can date back to Neolithic times. As one of the traditional art forms, acrobatics has been popular
among the Chinese people for more than 2, 000 years. As early as the Warring States, there appeared early stages
of acrobatics. By____45____ time of Han Dynasty, the acrobatics art further developed both in content and form
and there appeared superb performances ____46____ music accompaniment on the stage. In the Tang Dynasty,
the most flourishing period in ancient China, the number of acrobats increased ____47____(significant) and their
performing skills gained much improvement.
There is much____48____(stable) involved in dangerous movements and quietness in actions. The modern
acrobatics aims at creating graceful stage images, ____49____(harmony) musical accompaniment, and good
supporting effects, props and lighting. In the past 50 years, many Chinese acrobatic troupes ( 表 演 团 )
____50____(visit) more than one hundred countries and regions around the world, winning dozens of prizes in the
international acrobatic festivals and championships.
【答案】
41.to complete
42.be found
43.That/which
44.elements
45.the
46.with
47.significantly
48.stability
49.harmonious
50.have visited
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国杂技的发展历程。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意:现代杂技主要依靠表演者柔软的身体来完成一系列高难度动作。本句涉及
短语为:depend on sb./sth. to do sth.。故填to complete。
42.考查语态。句意:它可以在许多表演艺术和许多体育运动中找到。本句的主语 it,指代Modern
acrobatics。它和find之间构成了被动关系, 所以这里要用被动语态。空前是情态动词,所以空处填be
found,故填be found。43.考查定语从句。句意:杂技通常与广泛运用体操技巧的活动有关,例如马戏团和体操,但许多其他
体育活动,例如武术、芭蕾舞和跳水,也可能运用杂技的元素。分析可知,空处及之后的内容为定语从
句,先行词activities在定语从句中作主语, 所以要用that或which。故填that/which。
44.考查名词单复数。句意同上。element意为“要素”时是可数名词。这里要用它的复数形式表示泛指。
故填elements。
45.考查冠词。句意:到了汉代,杂技艺术在内容和形式上都有了进一步的发展,在舞台上出现了音乐
伴奏的精彩表演。结合time of Han Dynasty,可知,这里要用定冠词the表示特指汉朝。故填the。
46.考查介词。句意同上。根据句意可知, 这里要用with表示伴随。表示在舞台上出现了音乐伴奏的精
彩表演。故填with。
47.考查副词。句意:唐代是中国古代最繁荣的时期,杂技演员的数量明显增加,表演技巧也得到了很
大的提高。副词修饰动词,significantly 是副词,意为“显著地”,修饰动词 increased。故填
significantly。
48.考查名词。句意:在危险的运动中有很大的稳定性,在行动中有很大的安静性。空处在句中作主语,
根据空前的There is much可知,这里要填名词stability。故填stability。
49.考查形容词。句意:现代杂技旨在创造优美的舞台形象,和谐的音乐伴奏,良好的配套效果,道具
和灯光。分析句子可知,这里要用形容词 harmonious 修饰名词短语 musical accompaniment。故填
harmonious。
50.考查时态。句意:过去50年来,中国杂技团先后走访世界上一百多个国家和地区,在国际杂技节和
世界杂技锦标赛上获得数十个奖项。当“in the past+days/months/years”在句中作状语时,句子的谓语常
用现在完成时。句子主语 many Chinese acrobatic troupes 为复数含义,所以助动词用 have,故填have
visited。
6.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place. Around 1870, it was experiencing an
economic boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people coming here ____51____(seek) jobs. These
jobs didn’t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. As the
____52____(happy) newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance ____53____(know) as the
tango came into being.
At the beginning the tango was ____54____dance of the lower classes. It was danced in the bars and streets.
Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became ____55____ (respectable)
In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning. The interest in
international dance was ____56____(especial) evident in Paris. Every kind of dance from ballet to belly dancing
could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters. After tango dances from Argentina ____57____(arrive) in
Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exciting dance in cafes.____58____not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find
enough supporters to make ____59____popular.
The____60____(popular) of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world. Soldiers who
returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America. Then it spread to other
countries.
【答案】
51.to seek
52.unhappy
53.known
54.a
55.more respectable
56.especially
57.arrived
58.Though/Although/While
59.it
60.popularity
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了探戈这种舞蹈的兴起和发展。
51.考查非谓语动词。句意:1870年左右,它经历了一场经济繁荣,首都布宜诺斯艾利斯吸引了许多人
来这里找工作。结合句意和句子结构可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语。即人们到这里的目的是寻找工
作。故填to seek。
52.考查形容词。句意:当不开心的新来者在城市的贫困地区混在一起时,被称为探戈的舞蹈应运而生。
此处应填形容词作定语,根据上文“the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city”可知,
这些新来者是不开心的,故应用unhappy表示“不开心的”。故填unhappy。
53.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。主句中已有谓语动词came into being且无连词,故空处应填非谓语动词,
know和逻辑主语dance之间为被动关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填known。
54.考查冠词。句意:一开始,探戈是下层阶级的舞蹈。dance“舞蹈”是可数名词,此处为泛指,应用不
定冠词修饰,且dance的发音为辅音音素开头,故填a。
55.考查形容词的级。句意:渐渐地,这种舞蹈传播到了阿根廷社会的上层阶级,变得更加受人尊敬。
空处应填形容词作表语,此处是把探戈传入阿根廷社会高层和从前相比,因此应用比较级,respectable的
比较是more respectable。故填more respectable。
56.考查副词。句意:对国际舞蹈的兴趣在巴黎尤为明显。修饰形容词 evident应用所给词的副词形式。故填especially。
57.考查时态。句意:阿根廷的探戈舞蹈抵达欧洲后,他们在咖啡馆表演令人兴奋的舞蹈,开始引起公
众的兴趣。空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词,陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填arrived。
58.考查连词。句意:虽然并不是所有人都赞成这种新舞蹈,说它有点太令人震惊,但这种舞蹈确实找
到了足够的支持者,使它受到欢迎。结合句意和句子结构可知,此处应用 though/although/while引导让步
状语从句,表示上下文的转折让步关系。故填Though/Although/While。
59.考查代词。句意同上。make后缺少宾语,结合句意,此处指代上文提到的new dance,故应用it。故
填it。
60.考查名词。句意:探戈在世界许多其他地区的流行程度持续增长。根据空前the后空后of可知,空处
应填名词,构成名词所有格。故填popularity。
7.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has the longest railway in service and the largest scale of railway under ___61___(construct). By the
end of 2017, China ___62___(build) a length of 25, 000 kilometers railway for high-speed trains, accounting for
60percent of the total length of the world.
China is now playing a ___63___(lead) role in the technology of high-speed trains in the world. The country
has constructed a large number of railways that suit ___64___ (vary) special climate environments, complex
geological conditions and meet different transporting needs. It is said that the system of Driverless Train
Operation is being tried ___65___ the help of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System.
China is willing ___66___ (share) its experience with the world. As is ___67___(common) known, the
country has exported a lot of railway equipment to the countries such as Turkey, Indonesia, Russia, Brazil,
Thailand. Many overseas railway projects are going well, ___68___ has made China more popular all over the
world. China is able to export ___69___ full range of railway technology to other countries.
Now, ____70____(base) on the initiatives of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st- Century Maritime
Silk Road, China is planning to export even more high-speed trains and rail- way technology to countries along
the routes of the Belt and Road.
【答案】
61.construction
62.had built
63.leading
64.Various/varied
65.with
66.to share67.commonly
68.which
69.a
70.based
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国的铁路技术发展飞快,并且同世界分享经验。
61.考查名词。句意:中国拥有世界上运营铁路最长、在建铁路规模最大的国家。设空处为名词作宾语,
故填construction。
62.考查时态。句意:截至2017年底,中国已建成2.5万公里高铁铁路,占世界总长度的60%。设空处
为谓语,根据时间状语By the end of 2017可知是过去完成时,故填had built。
63.考查形容词。句意:中国现在在高铁技术方面处于世界领先地位。设空处修饰名词 role作定语,应
用形容词,故填leading。
64.考查形容词。句意:国家建设了大量适应各种特殊气候环境、复杂地质条件、满足不同运输需求的
铁路。设空处修饰名词climate environments作定语,应用形容词形式,故填various/varied。
65.考查固定短语。句意:据悉,无人驾驶列车运行系统正在北斗卫星导航系统的帮助下进行试验。短
语with the help of,意为“在……的帮助下”,符合句意,故填with。
66.考查固定搭配。句意:中国愿与世界分享中国经验。短语 be willing to do,意为“愿意做某事”,根
据提示词,故填to share。
67.考查副词。句意:众所周知,我国向土耳其、印度尼西亚、俄罗斯、巴西、泰国等国家出口了大量
的铁路设备。设空处修饰谓语动词,应用副词作状语,故填commonly。
68.考查定语从句。句意:许多海外铁路项目进展顺利,这让中国在世界范围内更受欢迎。分析可知,
设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代上文整个句子,关系代词在从句中做主语,故填which。
69.考查冠词。句意:中国能够向其他国家出口全方位的铁路技术。短语a full range of,意为“全方位
的”,符合句意,故填a。
70.考查过去分词。句意:现在,基于丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的倡议,中国计划向“一
带一路”沿线国家出口更多的高铁和铁路技术。分析可知,设空处为非谓语动词,和主语之间是被动关
系,应用过去分词作状语,故填based。
8.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of 10 high-profile figures and common citizens gifted with wisdom, bravery and determination,
Nobel Prize-winning physicist Yang Zhenning included, ____71____ (honor) as inspiration-al role models in this
year’s Touching China awards announced by China Central Television on Thursday this March.
Yang Zhenning, a ____72____ (respect) Nobel Prize-winning physicist, became the first Chinese-American
scientist to return to China after the US just lifted the ban on ____73____ (visit) to China in 1971. Yang also
sponsored a number of Chinese scholars so they could have opportunities ____74____ (further) their studies inthe US.
Another nominee was Su Bingtian, the first Chinese athlete ____75____ competed in the men’s 100-meter
sprint final at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. At ____76____ age of 32, he shocked the world by finishing first
in his group ____77____ a time of 9.83 seconds on the semi- final.
This year’s Touching China awards also focused on China’s space community for opening new horizons in
the starry ocean of the cosmos, ____78____ (include) building China’s own space station, Tianwen-1, and the
exploration of Mars.
In 2021, the war epic film, The Battle at Lake Changjin, ____79____ (take) the Chinese audiences to the site
of a battle during the War to Resist the US Aggression and Aid Korea. Moviegoers learned about Zhu Yanfu, the
only _____80_____ (survive) of the battle and one of the winners for this year’s Touching China awards.
【答案】
71.were honored
72.Respected/respectable
73.visits
74.to further
75.Who/that
76.the
77.with
78.including
79.took
80.survivor
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了3月4日中国中央电视台宣布了今年的感动中国奖并对获奖情
况作了简单介绍。
71.考查动词时态和语态。句意:今年3月4日,中央电视台宣布了今年的感动中国奖,包括诺贝尔奖得
主、物理学家杨振宁在内的10位具有智慧、勇敢和决心的知名人物和普通公民被评为鼓舞人心的榜样。
分析句子可知,honor“给予表扬”是句中谓语动词,与主语A group of 10 high-profile figures and common
citizens之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语on Thursday this March,应使用一般过去时态,又因主语是复
数名词,所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上,谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态,复数形式。故填
were honored。
72.考查形容词。句意:杨振宁,一位受人尊敬的/值得尊敬的诺贝尔物理学奖得主,成为1971年美国刚
刚解除访问中国禁令后第一位返回中国的华裔美国科学家。根据句意,提示词作定语修饰名词词组NobelPrize-winning physicist,应用形容词respected“受人尊敬的”或respectable“值得尊敬的”作定语。故填
respected/respectable。
73.考查名词。句意:杨振宁,一位受人尊敬的诺贝尔物理学奖得主,成为1971年美国刚刚解除访问中
国禁令后第一位返回中国的华裔美国科学家。结合句意分析句子可知,提示词 visit作介词宾语,是名词,
可数名词不能单独使用,用复数形式表泛指。故填visits。
74.考查非谓语动词。句意:杨振宁还资助了一些中国学者,让他们有机会去美国深造。名词opportunity
后常用不定式作后置定语,opportunities to further their studies in the US.意为“到美国深造的机会”。故填
to further。
75.考查定语从句。句意:另一位提名者是苏炳添,他是首位参加2020年东京奥运会男子100米短跑决
赛的中国运动员。分析句子可知,空格处为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the first Chinese athlete,指人,
关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
76.考查冠词。句意:32岁时,他在半决赛中以9.83秒的成绩获得小组第一,震惊了世界。at the age
of...为固定搭配,意为“在……岁的时候”。故填the。
77.考查介词。句意:32岁时,他在半决赛中以9.83秒的成绩获得小组第一,震惊了世界。根据句意,
他用9.83秒的成绩获得小组第一,用介词with表示“用”。故填with。
78.考查介词。句意:今年的“感动中国”奖还聚焦于中国航天界在浩瀚的宇宙中开辟的新视野,包括
建造中国自己的空间站“天文一号”和探索火星。根据句意,“ 8 (include) building China’s own
space station, Tianwen-1, and the exploration of Mars.”作后置定语,修饰名词new horizons,用介词including
构成介词短语作定语,意为“包括,包含”。故填including。
79.考查动词时态。句意:2021年,战争史诗电影《长津湖之战》将中国观众带到了抗美援朝战争时期
的一场战役现场。分析句子可知,take“把……带到”是句中谓语动词,与主语the war epic film之间是主
动关系,句中有时间状语In 2021,应使用一般过去时态。故填took。
80.考查名词。句意:电影观众了解了朱彦夫,这场战役的唯一幸存者,也是今年感动中国奖的获奖者
之一。根据句意和空格前定冠词the可知,应用名词survivor构成同位语,意为“幸存者”,结合形容词
only可知,应用单数形式。故填survivor。
9.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The approaching of a new year is always exciting. The Little New Year, ____81____is also called the Minor
New Year’s Day, usually falls roughly a week before ____82____ Lunar New Year. In 2023, it will fall on Jan.
14th and 15th. The Chinese Little New Year is not a____83____(fix) festival as it varies with local ____84____
(custom).
Worshiping Kitchen God is the most important activity in____85____ (celebrate) of the Chinese Little New
Year. According to the folklore, the Kitchen God would report____86____ the Jade Emperor on the good and evil
deeds of every family on the 23rd of the 12th lunar month for the Emperor to reward or punish. While____87____(offer) sacrifice to the Kitchen God, people place candy, water, beans and hay on the table in front of
the Kitchen God image.
Other activities during the festival ____88____(main) include sweeping dust and making Chinese paper cuts
for window decoration. Chinese Little New Year also means that Chinese people begin to prepare special
purchases for the Spring Festival and are ready ____89____(spend) a clean Spring Festival. Above all, it suggests
a new year with a new image and ____90____(express) the good wishes of Chinese people to ring out the Old
Year and ring in the New Year.
【答案】
81.which
82.the
83.fixed
84.customs
85.celebration
86.to
87.offering
88.mainly
89.to spend
90.expresses
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的小年的时间、由来、活动内容及其意义。
81.考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词。句意:小年(The Little New Year),也叫小年(the Minor New
Year’s Day),通常在农历新年的前一周左右。此处考查非限制性定语从句,先行词为 The Little New
Year,为物,在从句中作主语,应用which引导从句。故填which。
82.考查冠词。句意:小新年,也叫小年,通常在农历新年的前一周左右。此处为特指“农历新年”,
应用定冠词。故填the。
83.考查形容词。句意:中国的小年不是一个固定的节日,因为它随地方习俗而变化。设空处在冠词和
名词之间,为前置修饰词,应用形容词fixed,意为“固定的,不变的”。故填fixed。
84.考查名词复数。句意:中国的小年不是一个固定的节日,因为它随地方习俗而变化。根据动词短语
varies with可知,此处表各地的习俗不同导致小年也不一样,设空处应用名词复数 customs,作with的宾
语,意为“风俗习惯”。故填customs。
85.考查名词。句意:祭灶神是庆祝中国小年最重要的活动。此处考查介词短语 in celebration of,意为
“为庆祝……”,为固定搭配,设空处应用名词celebration。故填celebration。86.考查介词。句意:根据民间传说,灶神会在农历腊月二十三向玉皇大帝报告每个家庭的善恶,以便
皇帝给予奖励或惩罚。此处考查动词短语report to,意为“向……汇报,报告”,设空处应填介词to,后
接宾语the Jade Emperor。故填to。
87.考查非谓语动词。句意:在祭祀灶神时,人们把糖果、水、豆子和干草放在灶神像前的桌子上。此
处考查非谓语动词,offer与逻辑主语people之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词,作状语。故填offering。
88.考查副词。句意:春节期间的其他活动主要包括扫地和做窗花。修饰谓语动词include,应用副词
mainly,意为“主要地”,作状语。故填mainly。
89.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国小年也意味着中国人开始为春节准备特别的采购,准备度过一个干净
的春节。此处考查固定短语be ready to do sth,意为“准备好做某事”,设空处应用动词不定式。故填to
spend。
90.考查动词时态。句意:最重要的是,它以新的形象预示着新的一年,表达了中国人民辞旧迎新的美
好愿望。设空处与suggests并列,作谓语,suggests作谓语动词,为第三人称单数,故设空处也用第三人
称单数。故填expresses。
10.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going against the tide of flocking to well-known yet generally jam-packed tourist destinations on vacation, a
____91____ (grow) number of holidaymakers in China are spending their leisure time at lesser-known resorts to
seek unique, relaxed holiday experiences.
In recent years, “reverse tourism" ____92____(emerge) as a new trend among young holidaymakers in
China. During the weeklong public holiday, ____93____ ended on Oct 7, large numbers of vacationers,
especially young ____94____ (profession) who long to escape busy city life, avoided popular holiday
destinations in order to get off the ____95____ (beat) track and enjoy some peace and quiet.
According to data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled
cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Some young people who normally have little time for
____96____ (they) simply had a staycation in a hotel to make the much-awaited pause ____97____ (relax) than
staying at home. Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to
popular destinations, which often involve pricey tickets, meals and hotel stays. Different ____98____ popular
destinations, some underexplored places with little online ____99____ (expose) can offer more surprises. So
reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market and is _____100_____ opportunity for
growth comparable to the camping economy.
【答案】
91.growing
92.has emerged93.which
94.professionals
95.beaten
96.themselves
97.more relaxing
98.from
99.exposure
100.an
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在中国,逆向旅游越来越受欢迎。
91.考查形容词。句意:在中国,越来越多的度假者在休闲时间前往不太知名的度假胜地,寻求独特、
轻松的度假体验,这与人们涌向知名但通常人满为患的旅游目的地的潮流相反。根据句意可知,此处为
固定短语a growing number of…“越来越多的……”,满足句意要求,形容词growing(增长的)作定语,
故填growing。
92.考查动词。句意:近年来,“逆向旅游”在中国年轻度假者中成为一种新趋势。根据该句中的时间
状语In recent years可知,此处动词为现在完成时,结合reverse tourism为单数名词,故填has emerged。
93.考查定语从句。句意:在10月7日结束的为期一周的公共假期中,大量的度假者,尤其是渴望逃离
繁忙城市生活的年轻职场人士,避开了热门的度假目的地,为了不走寻常路,享受一些平静与安宁。分
析句子可知,此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词the weeklong public holiday在从句
中作主语成分。故填which。
94.考查名词。句意:在10月7日结束的为期一周的公共假期中,大量的度假者,尤其是渴望逃离繁忙
城市生活的年轻职场人士,避开了热门的度假目的地,为了不走寻常路,享受一些平静与安宁。根据句
意以及空前的 young形容词可知,此处为复数名词 professionals“职场人士”,满足句意要求。故填
professionals。
95.考查形容词。句意:在10月7日结束的为期一周的公共假期中,大量的度假者,尤其是渴望逃离繁
忙城市生活的年轻职场人士,避开了热门的度假目的地,为了不走寻常路,享受一些平静与安宁。由空
前冠词the以及空后的track名词可知,此处为形容词beaten“被踏平的”作定语修饰track,the beaten track
常规惯例,故填beaten。
96.考查代词。句意:一些通常没有多少属于自己的时间的年轻人干脆在酒店里宅度假,让期待已久的
休息比呆在家里更放松。根据句意以及young people可知,此处为反身代词themselves指代young people
意为“他们自己”,满足句意要求。故填themselves。
97.考查形容词比较级。句意:一些通常没有多少属于自己的时间的年轻人干脆在酒店里宅度假,让期
待已久的休息比呆在家里更放松。根据空后 than可知,此处为形容词比较级形式,意为“更令人放松的”,满足句意要求。故填more relaxing。
98.考查固定短语。句意:与热门目的地不同,一些未被充分开发、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更
多惊喜。根据句意可知,此处为固定短语different from“不同于”,满足句意要求。故填from。
99.考查名词。句意:与热门目的地不同,一些未被充分开发、很少在网上曝光的地方可以提供更多惊
喜。分析句子可知,此处为不可数名词exposure作介词with的宾语。故填exposure。
100.考查冠词。句意:因此逆向旅游将成为未来市场的发展方向之一,其发展机会可以与露营经济相媲
美。根据句意以及opportunity为单数名词可知,此处表示泛指“一种机遇”,为泛指概念,满足句意要
求,结合opportunity发音以元音音素开头,故填an。