热点话题03 海洋温度上升，储存全球变暖的热
量——环境保护
目录
时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创阅读理解
【原创·阅读理解】
【课标词汇积累】
【课标词汇训练】
【参考译文】
好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练
【阅读理解】
【阅读7 选5】
【完形填空】
【语法填空】
【话题·导语】
Scientists have released a new report showing that in 2025, the world’s oceans heated up more than
ever. The oceans have set new records for heating eight years in a row. The scientists say this is a clear sign that the
planet is warming because of human actions.The effects will last for hundreds of years.
科学家最新发布的报告显示，2025 年全球海洋温度升幅将创下历史新高。海洋连续八年刷新升
温纪录。研究者指出，这明确表明地球正因人类活动而持续变暖，其影响将持续数百载。
【原文·时文阅读】
文章来源：https://newsforkids.net/articles/2026/01/14/ocean-temperatures-rise-storing-heat-from-global-warming/
For most reports on global warming, scientists measure air temperatures over land and at the ocean’s surface.
These measurements are important because ocean surface temperatures affect weather patterns, and life that
depends on the ocean.
But surface temperatures don’t tell the whole story. Though the ocean surface is warming, heat is also going
far deeper than that. The new report looks at “Ocean Heat Content” (OHC) – heat going down as deep as 1.25 miles
(2 kilometers) below the surface.
读时文精读
The study, written by over 50 scientists from around the world, used lots of different information to calculate
the ocean’s heating. This included data from research ships, satellites, and floating buoys. The team even put
sensors on sea animals because they could go places robots normally can’t.
Climate scientist Kevin Trenberth says it takes about 25 years for the heat to reach this depth. And that heat
will remain in the ocean for hundreds of years.
The amount of heat the oceans have taken in is so massive that it’s hard to understand. That’s an incredibly
huge amount of energy. Scientist John Abraham, who helped write the report, has another way to think about the
extra energy that the oceans absorbed: It’s as if 12 atomic bombs exploded in the oceans last year – enough energy
to boil the water of 2 billion Olympic-sized swimming pools.
The warming of the oceans is already having serious effects. It is linked to stronger storms, more wildfires,
and deadly floods. Higher ocean temperatures are also causing “marine heatwaves”, which have led to the melting
of huge amounts of ice in Greenland and Antarctica.
Rising ocean temperatures are also threatening coral reefs, which provide support to over 25% of life in the
ocean.
The scientists say that the world will continue to see rising ocean temperatures until greenhouse
gas emissions are cut to zero. Even then, it will take centuries for the oceans to cool back down. Still, the
researchers believe there’s hope. Dr. Abraham says, “We can solve this problem today, with today’s technology.”
【原创·阅读理解】（341words）
1.How do the scientists measure the the ocean’s heating where robots can’t go?
A.put sensors on sea animals.
B.use research ships on the ocean.
C.apply the satellites in the air.
D.put floating buoys on the ocean
2.What is the main purpose of the author writing the fifth paragraph?
A．To show how to work out the ocean’s heating.
B．To illustrate the power of the atomic bombs.
C．To explain how the ocean absorbs the energy.
D．To understand the energy the oceans absorbed.
3.What is Dr. Abraham’s attitude towards the rising ocean temperatures?
A．optimistic.
B．Doubtful.
C．negative.
D．Indifferent.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.Ocean temperatures rise, storing heat from global warming.
B.Ocean temperatures rise, more deadly floods happening.
C.Work hard together to stop the ocean from heating.
D.Work hard together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
【课标词汇积累】
1.affect v. 影响；使感动；（疾病）感染；假装
The upcoming final exams will deeply affect students' summer vacation plans, as poor grades may require remedial
classes.（即将到来的期末考试会深刻影响学生的暑假计划，因为成绩不佳可能需要补课。）
2.depend v. 取决于；依赖
Students' success in science competitions often depends on their ability to think critically under pressure.
（学生在科学竞赛中的成功通常依赖于他们在压力下批判性思考的能力。）
3. calculate v. 计算；估算；估计；预料
In physics lab, we need to calculate the acceleration of objects using precise formulas and measurement tools.（物理
实验室里，我们需要用精确公式和测量工具计算物体的加速度。）
4.float v. 使漂浮；飘荡 n. 浮体；鱼漂浮子
Leaves from the ancient ginkgo tree float into the classroom through open windows every autumn.
（每年秋天，古老银杏树的叶子会从敞开的窗户飘进教室。）
5.sensor n. 传感器，灵敏元件
The newly installed temperature sensors in the dormitories automatically adjust air conditioning levels.
（宿舍新安装的温度传感器能自动调节空调温度。）
6.normally adv. 通常；正常地
The school cafeteria normally serves nutritious meals with balanced portions of vegetables and protein.
（学校食堂通常提供营养均衡的餐食，包含适量蔬菜和蛋白质。）
7.massive adj. 巨大的；大而重的；强烈的；极好的；(疾病)非常严重的
The school library has a massive collection of reference books for college entrance exam preparation.
（学校图书馆有海量的高考备考参考书。）
8.incredibly adv. 难以置信地，很，极为
Our school's robotics team performed incredibly well in the national competition last month.
（我校机器人战队在上月的全国比赛中表现得惊人地出色。）
9. absorb v. 吸收；理解，掌握；合并，同化；消减，缓冲；经受住；使全神贯注
Quiet study rooms help students absorb knowledge more efficiently without distractions.
（安静的自习室能帮助学生更高效地吸收知识，不受干扰。）
10.emission n. 发出（气体、热量、光线等的）；排放（物）
Reducing light emission from classroom windows at night is part of the school's energy-saving policy.
（夜间减少教室窗户的光线散发是学校节能政策的一部分。）
【课标词汇训练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1.A positive classroom environment can significantly _____________ students' enthusiasm for participating in group
discussions.（积极的课堂环境能显著影响学生参与小组讨论的热情。）
2.Whether the school picnic will be held _____________ entirely on the weather forecast this weekend.
（学校野餐是否举行取决于本周末的天气预报。）
3.The teacher taught us how _____________ the probability of genetic traits appearing in offspring during biology class.
（生物课上老师教我们如何计算遗传性状在后代中出现的概率。）
4.Colorful balloons _____________ above the auditorium during the graduation ceremony, creating a festive atmosphere.
（毕业典礼时彩色气球在礼堂上方漂浮，营造出节日氛围。）
5.Chemistry lab equipment includes gas _____________ to detect potential leaks during experiments.
（化学实验室设备包含气体传感器，用于检测实验中的潜在泄漏。）
6.Students _____________ review their notes for at least two hours before major exams.
（学生在大考前通常会复习笔记至少两小时。）
7.Organizing the sports meeting requires _____________ coordination between teachers and student volunteers.
（组织运动会需要老师和学生志愿者之间大量的协调工作。）
8.The math problem was _____________ challenging, but solving it gave me a great sense of achievement.
（这道数学题极其困难，但解决它让我很有成就感。）
9.The sponge-like structure of this material allows it _____________ spilled chemicals quickly in lab accidents.
（这种材料的海绵状结构可在实验室事故中快速吸收溢出的化学品。）
10.The science club conducted an experiment to measure carbon dioxide _____________ from different types of fuel.
（科学社开展了测量不同燃料二氧化碳排放量的实验。）
【参考译文】
在大多数关于全球变暖的报告中，科学家会测量陆地和海洋表面的气温。这些测量数据至关重要，因
为海洋表面温度会影响天气模式，而海洋生态系统中的生物都依赖海洋生存。
但海面温度并不能说明全部情况。虽然海洋表层正在变暖，但热量也向更深层扩散。这份新报告研究
‘
’
了海洋热含量（OHC），即深达2 公里（1.25 英里）以下的热量。
这项由全球50 余位科学家共同撰写的科研报告，通过整合研究船、卫星及浮标等多源数据，对海洋
升温现象进行了精确测算。研究团队甚至在海洋生物身上安装传感器，以便探测机器人无法抵达的区域。
气候学家凯文·特伦伯斯表示，热量需要约25 年才能到达这一深度，而这些热量将在海洋中存留数百
年。
海洋吸收的热量之巨令人难以置信。这相当于惊人的能量总量。参与撰写报告的科学家约翰·亚伯拉
罕提出了另一种解释：去年海洋吸收的额外能量，相当于12
——
枚原子弹在海洋中爆炸
其能量足以将20
亿个奥运会标准游泳池的水煮沸。
海洋变暖已造成严重后果，其引发的极端天气包括更猛烈的风暴、频发的野火和致命性洪水。与此同
“
”
时，海水温度持续升高还导致了海洋热浪现象，致使格陵兰岛和南极洲的大量冰层融化。
海洋温度上升也威胁着珊瑚礁，珊瑚礁为海洋中超过25%的生命提供了支持。
科学家指出，除非温室气体排放量完全归零，否则全球海洋温度将持续攀升。即便实现零排放，海洋
“
温度恢复原状仍需数百年时间。不过研究团队仍抱有希望。亚伯拉罕博士强调：凭借现有技术，我们完
”
全能在当下解决这一难题。
Passage1 阅读理解
（2026·江苏省徐州市徐州一中、徐州三中高三月考）
To reduce carbon emissions and slow down global warming, new buildings must meet high environmental
standards. In the UK, this goal has been discussed for many years, especially since the government promised to
achieve net zero emissions by 2050. However, despite the urgency of the climate crisis, many new homes still lack
basic energy-saving features. This situation highlights the need for stronger action to make housing development
truly sustainable.
England plans to build 1.5 million new homes. But previous decisions — such as the removal of key
environmental rules — have led to houses being built without essentials like solar panels. Future housing standards
are expected to include solar technology, though there is uncertainty about how strict these rules will be. Experts
练好题精练
suggest that all new homes should include solar panels, battery storage to reduce pressure on the grid ( 电网), and
high-quality insulation (隔热) to increase energy efficiency and reduce energy bills.
Domestic heating is an even bigger challenge. While the use of renewable energy is growing, reducing
dependence on fossil fuels remains critical. Unfortunately, recent decisions have allowed wood-burning stoves and
may continue to permit gas boilers in new homes. However, choosing gas boilers instead of heat pumps (热泵) is
harmful to the environment and economically short-sighted. Many European countries have adopted heat pump
technology, which reduces carbon emissions and could create new green jobs in the UK if supported by appropriate
policies.
A major issue is that large construction companies appear to have significant influence over housing policy.
Developers often aim to reduce costs and maximize profits. However, long-term environmental goals are
considered important. Refitting heat pumps and insulation costs far more than putting them at the beginning.
Besides, some natural habitats cannot be replaced once destroyed. Sustainable housing is essential for current
energy needs and for the health of the planet.
1．What does the author imply about the past efforts on sustainable housing?
A．They faced strong opposition.
B．They were insufficiently carried out.
C．They were ignored by the public.
D．They led to energy-saving adoption.
2．New homes in England are expected to _________.
A．reduce energy cost
B．remove solar panels
C．lower battery storage
D．follow flexible standards
3．Why is domestic heating considered a bigger challenge?
A．Gas boilers are cheaper to use.
B．It still relies heavily on fossil fuels.
C．Solar panels require advanced technology.
D．New homes lack space for heating systems.
4．What concern is raised in the last paragraph?
A．Adopting green technology is more expensive.
B．The government ignores environmental issues.
C．Cost-driven decisions may harm future sustainability.
D．Developers prefer to build homes near natural habitats.
Passage2 阅读理解
（2026·陕西省西安市新城区三模）
The Earth has reached its first climate tipping point, with large-scale die-offs of warm-water coral reefs (珊
瑚礁) indicating the severe impact of global warming, according to a new report from Global Tipping Points,
authored by 160 researchers from 23 countries.
A climate tipping point set by scientists refers to a threshold (临界点) in the climate system at which it shifts
from one stable state to another. Once this “threshold” is crossed, the state of the climate system can undergo
significant and often irreversible changes, with potentially disastrous impacts on life on Earth. Scientists have set
this threshold at 1.2 degrees Celsius warming above pre-industrial. However, global temperatures have already
risen 1.4 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, indicating that the impacts of crossing this tipping point are
already emerging.
Coral reefs, which support about a quarter of all marine species, are among the ecosystems most vulnerable
( 脆弱的) to warming. The report warns that unless global temperatures are brought back toward 1.2 degrees
Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and ultimately to l degree Celsius, no warm-water coral reefs of large size and
number will remain on Earth.
Tim Lenton, the lead author of the report, emphasized that we can no longer treat tipping points as a future
risk. The first tipping point, a large-scale dieback of warm-water coral reefs, has already been reached.
The report comes just weeks ahead of this year’s COP30 climate summit being held at the edge of the
Amazon rainforest in Brazil. That same rainforest system is now at risk of collapsing once the average global
temperature warms beyond just 1.5 degrees Celsius based on deforestation rates, the report said, revising down the
estimated threshold for the Amazon.
Also of concern if temperatures keep rising is the threat of disruption (破坏) to a major ocean current called
the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, or AMOC, which helps to ensure mild winters in northern Europe.
The scientists urged countries at November’ s COP30 to work toward bringing down climate-warming
carbon emissions.
5．What does the underlined word “irreversible” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A．Recoverable.
B．Adjustable.
C．Temporary.
D．Permanent.
6．What can we learn about the climate threshold?
A．It is higher than current speed of global warming.
B．It was set mainly to protect warm-water coral reefs.
C．It comes before the climate’s entering a new stable state.
D．It has not been crossed as temperatures are under control.
7．What is Tim Lenton’s attitude towards climate tipping points?
A．Concerned.
B．Optimistic.
C．Doubtful.
D．Uncaring.
8．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest according to the report?
A．Its deforestation rates will slow down.
B．Its threshold for collapse has been adjusted lower.
C．It will remain safe if global temperature stays below 1. 5℃.
D．It is more sensitive to warming than warm-water coral reefs.
Passage 3 阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·河北省石家庄市正定中学
开学）
For countless generations, trillions of coral polyps (珊瑚虫) have lived and died, leaving behind a material
called limestone (石灰岩). Throughout history, limestone was used to construct the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as well
as many churches and castles. 1 . They can be even larger in scale than the most impressive buildings and
structures made by humans.
A diversity of life
A living coral reef is a “city beneath the sea” filled with a rich variety of life. Most coral reefs can be found
in warm, shallow oceans. They occupy a small part of the ocean floor, but host 25 percent of all ocean life. Each
reef is full of colorful fish as well as coral that forms wonderful patterns. 2 , the reefs serve as vital food
sources for fish.
Threats to coral reefs
Human activities pose serious threats to coral reefs around the world. 3 . Additionally, illegal fishing
methods also harm reefs. These methods can help fishermen get a good catch, but their negative effects on the reefs
are significant. Blast (爆破) fishing involves setting off bombs in the water to kill as many fish as possible. This
kills most living things nearby and causes damage to the reef’s structure. 4 . A 2018 UN report warned that
up to 99 percent of the world’s coral reefs could decline if climate change continues.
5
These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is hope for coral reef survival. If we take steps toward coral
reef conservation, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats for millions of years — will
be able to rebuild.
A．Reasons for hope
B．Methods of protection
C．In addition to their beauty
D．Apart from this ocean life
E．Moreover, global warming has caused many reefs to become sick
F．For example, reefs can be damaged when the coral is used as building materials
G．However, the most impressive limestone formations can be found underwater in the form of coral reefs
Passage 4 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
This past summer I set out on a journey to Canada’s Arctic. When I left I was wrapped in a blanket of
uncertainty and
1
.
But when I first met the group members, I knew I didn’t have anything to
2
. The group was
amazingly
3
and I was soon part of a big family boarding on an amazing
4
!
Approaching the Arctic, I was repeatedly
5
with its unusual largeness and its beauty. There I flew
over vast glaciers (冰河) and stood on the frozen Arctic Ocean,
6
polar bears walk in search of seal holes,
and
7
wait for a meal.
However, I also learned the pollutants carried by ocean from far away have a negative
8
on all Arctic
inhabitants. And global warming has put polar bears at
9
because a warmer climate means that they have a
shorter time to
10
seals on the ice.
During the journey, I talked with some
11
scientists about the ruins of homes once
12
by the
ancient Thule people. I made good friends with people from different parts of world.
The Arctic is a land of incredible beauty which
13
to be preserved. I’ve learned why it is so
important to
14
it. This journey has made me more determined to try to
15
that I do not leave
negative or harmful footprints on either Earth or its people.
1．A．relief
B．anxiety
C．pride
D．argument
2．A．put up
B．prepare for
C．give up
D．worry about
3．A．easy-going
B．well-behaved
C．sensitive
D．flexible
4．A．failure
B．performance
C．adventure
D．conflict
5．A．embarrassed
B．ashamed
C．amused
D．shocked
6．A．watching
B．organizing
C．noticing
D．guessing
7．A．painfully
B．patiently
C．unconsciously
D．doubtfully
8．A．source
B．reaction
C．effect
D．development
9．A．rest
B．ease
C．peace
D．risk
10．A．hunt
B．explore
C．help
D．meet
11．A．demanding
B．learned
C．modest
D．rigid
12．A．classified
B．decorated
C．confused
D．occupied
13．A．promises
B．benefits
C．deserves
D．intends
14．A．take care of
B．make use of
C．run out of
D．became tired of
15．A．deny
B．ensure
C．argue
D．overlook
Passage 5 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every year, the world needs more energy. As countries develop and populations grow, energy demand rises.
Historically, coal, oil and gas have been primary sources, but their use causes 1 (pollute) and climate
change.
Luckily, many countries are switching from dirty fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable energy sources.
Fossil fuels like coal and oil release harmful gases, like carbon dioxide, which add 2 global warming.
Plus, these fuels will run out eventually. Once 3 source has been used up, another must 4
(find), and finding new sources becomes more difficult and expensive over time. With no emissions or waste,
renewable energy sources cause 5 (limit) damage to the environment. They are renewable because they
can be 6 (natural) replaced and can therefore be consumed without the risk of 7 (use) them
up.
Can renewables really be the future of energy? Our modern world has been built on fossil fuels, so it is tough
8 (change) quickly. But China and others use more renewables. Given the problems of climate change, there is
little doubt 9 they will continue to grow. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of
bringing electricity from
1 0
(distance) sources to cities. Along with our being more aware of our
energy consumption and waste, a clean and green energy future is possible and necessary.
