高中英语外刊时文阅读训练
专题18
“一带一路”倡议促加纳腾飞
Ⅰ.文章话题导入
Ⅱ.外刊原文阅读
Ш.阅读理解专项针对性练习
Ⅳ.话题高频词汇强化训练
Ⅴ.参考译文赏析
【话题·导语】
“一带一路”倡议倡议是中国政府2013 年启动的一项大规模基础设施建设和投资战略，旨在通过陆海
通道连接亚洲、欧洲和非洲，促进经济增长与合作。近几十年来，中国一直站在支持多项全球倡议的最前
沿，包括全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议和全球文明倡议。“一带一路”倡议倡议就是这样一个全球发展倡
议。
【原文·外刊阅读】
The Belt and Road Initiative: Impact on Ghana's development
（文章来源：China Daily）
Over recent decades, China has been at the forefront of championing multiple global initiatives,
including the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization
Initiative. One such global development initiative is the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a massive infrastructure development and investment strategy
launched by the Chinese government in 2013 with the goal of connecting Asia, Europe and Africa
through a network of land and sea routes, promoting economic growth and cooperation.
This initiative aims to promote economic growth in participating countries by creating new market
and investment opportunities, improving infrastructure such as transportation and energy networks in
underdeveloped regions, and promoting regional cooperation and integration, fostering stronger economic
and political ties between participating countries.
Ghana and China have established a strong diplomatic relationship that dates back to 1960, the same
year Ghana gained republic status. This has cemented Ghana's place as one of the earliest countries in
sub-Saharan Africa to build diplomatic ties with China. Previously, Ghana and China have established
strategic partnerships in economic, agricultural, educational, cultural exchange, health, trade, infrastructure
and other areas characterized by mutual respect and cooperation.
In 2018, China's investment in Ghana took a new turn when Ghana signed on to the BRI. This
agreement has paved the way for several significant projects and benefits, boosting the country's socio-
economic development. As the Belt and Road Initiative marks its tenth anniversary, it is an opportune
time to celebrate its achievements in various nations.
This article will highlight some key projects and benefits Ghana has enjoyed as a BRI partner in
areas such as infrastructural development, education and cultural exchange and economic growth.
Infrastructural development
One of the significant projects of the BRI in Ghana is the Tema Port expansion project, which is
expected to transform Ghana's maritime capabilities and boost its socio-economic development. It is set to
enhance the port's capacity from handling 800,000 Twenty-Foot Equivalent Units (TEUs) to an impressive
3.7 million TEUs per year, positioning Tema Port as the largest port in West Africa.
This project, when completed, will facilitate Ghana's trade with both domestic and international
partners, attracting more investment, creating jobs and enhancing economic growth. By increasing capacity
and strengthening regional connectivity, this project aligns with the goals of the Belt and Road Initiative
and positions Ghana as a key player in the global maritime trade network.
China's investment in Ghana extends beyond road construction to include rural electrification,
vocational training centers, maritime ports, coastal fishing sites, digital infrastructure and renewable energy,
among other areas. Since the inception of the BRI in 2013, China has been financing projects in Ghana.
These investments have played a positive role in boosting Ghana's infrastructure and economic
development.
The trend of Chinese investment in Ghana also shows diversification, with Chinese tech companies
such as Huawei, Tecno Mobile and StarTimes setting up offices in Accra, indicating a shift from hard
infrastructure to soft infrastructure along the Digital Silk Road.
Education and cultural exchanges
Ghana and China have had extensive exchanges in educational and cultural areas over the years. To
foster cultural exchange between the two countries, China, through its universities and partner universities
in Ghana, has collaborated to establish three Confucius Institutes in Ghana: the Confucius Institute of the
University of Ghana (CIUG) established in 2013, the Confucius Institute at the University of Cape Coast
(CIUCC) in 2016, and the Confucius Institute at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and
Technology (CIKNUST) inaugurated in 2023. These institutes not only teach the Chinese language but
also organize a wide range of cultural events, facilitate student exchanges by offering scholarships to
Ghanaian students to study in China, and promote exchanges between Ghanaian and Chinese universities,
allowing students to experience different cultures and educational systems, as well as joint research and
faculty exchanges. Through these activities, the cultural gap between Ghana and China has been bridged,
fostering mutual understanding, respect and cooperation.
Numerous Ghanaian students are beneficiaries of Chinese government scholarships. In 2019, Ghanaian
students topped the African student population in China, with 6,500 international students coming from the
country.
In the area of Vocational and Technical Training (VET), China has supported the establishment and
upgrading of technical schools in Ghana to provide vocational training in various fields such as carpentry,
plumbing and electrical engineering.
Chinese experts have also assisted in developing curricula and training materials for VET programs.
Some of the beneficiaries of this program include Kumasi Technical University and Cape Coast Technical
University.
Economic cooperation
Ghana and China have achieved significant economic cooperation under the BRI. This cooperation has
provided a framework for both countries to strengthen their economic ties through various projects and
initiatives. China remains Ghana's largest trading partner and a major source of foreign investment. The
bilateral trade between China and Ghana has increased significantly under the BRI, with Ghana becoming
an important market for Chinese exports, while China has become a major source of imports for Ghana.
Chinese companies have invested in various sectors, including mining, agriculture and manufacturing,
creating jobs and boosting Ghana's economy. China's investment in the expansion of Tema Port and the
construction of new railway lines has improved connectivity and trade efficiency.
In 2018, both countries signed the China-Ghana Free Trade Agreement (CGFA), which entered into
force in January 2021. This agreement aims to reduce trade barriers between the two countries and
promote economic cooperation, strengthening the economic relationship between China and Ghana, leading
to increased trade, investment and economic growth for both countries. This agreement has seen an influx
of Chinese investors and firms in Ghana, creating job opportunities for Ghanaians.
The Asogli Power Plant project, an investment cooperation between Chinese and Ghanaian power
investors, has played a significant role in Ghana's energy sector, becoming one of the largest thermal
power plants in the country and contributing substantially to the nation's electricity generation capacity.
【原创·阅读理解】
1.What is one of the key projects of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Ghana?
A. Tema Port expansion project
B. Digital infrastructure development
C. Confucius Institutes establishment
D. Rural electrification
2.What significant change occurred in Ghana's relationship with China in 2018?
A. Ghana established diplomatic ties with China.
B. Ghana signed on to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
C. Ghanaian students started receiving scholarships.
D. China stopped investing in Ghana.
3.Which of the following has NOT been mentioned as a benefit of the BRI for Ghana?
A. Improved infrastructure
B. Enhanced cultural exchange
C. Increased military cooperation
D. Economic growth
4.What is the primary focus of the Confucius Institutes established in Ghana?
A. Teaching Chinese language and culture
B. Providing vocational training
C. Promoting agricultural development
D. Establishing trade agreements
5.Which agreement aims to reduce trade barriers between China and Ghana?
A. China-Ghana Free Trade Agreement (CGFA)
B. Belt and Road Initiative Agreement
C. Global Development Initiative
D. Cultural Exchange Agreement
【高频词汇训练】
1．He checked the details and found them (substantial) correct. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．Construction also continues to be a strong sector (global).(所给词的适当形式填空）
3．A strait is a narrow passage of water connects two seas or large areas of water. (用适当的词填空)
4．The importance of being an Olympian (various) from athlete to athlete. (所给词的适当形式填
空)
5．With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic (locate), we make sure there is
always a bike available for you. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．The children were waiting for (place) in a foster care home. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．Don’t you think it’s about time you (invest) in a new coat? (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．She came here to have the temporary license (upgrade) to a full license. (所给词的适当形式填
空)
9．The school tries to have all the equipment (facilitate) teaching and learning. （所给词的适当形式填
空）
10．The HSR network has an overall length of around 40,000 kilometers in operation, (cover) almost
all provincial-level regions of China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．Managing multiple (identity) across different social networks can be challenging but also allows
for diverse self-representations. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【参考译文】
“一带一路”倡议对加纳发展的影响
近几十年来，中国一直站在支持多项全球倡议的最前沿，包括全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议和全球文
明倡议。“一带一路”倡议倡议就是这样一个全球发展倡议。
“一带一路”倡议倡议是中国政府2013 年启动的一项大规模基础设施建设和投资战略，旨在通过陆海
通道连接亚洲、欧洲和非洲，促进经济增长与合作。
该倡议旨在通过创造新的市场和投资机会，改善欠发达地区的交通和能源网络等基础设施，促进区域
合作和一体化，加强参与国之间的经济和政治联系，从而促进参与国的经济增长。
加纳和中国早在1960 年就建立了牢固的外交关系，同年加纳获得了共和国地位。这巩固了加纳作为撒
哈拉以南非洲最早与中国建立外交关系的国家之一的地位。此前，加纳和中国在经济、农业、教育、文化
交流、卫生、贸易、基础设施等领域建立了相互尊重、相互合作的战略伙伴关系。
2018 年，加纳签署“一带一路”倡议，中国对加纳的投资出现了新的转折。该协议为几个重大项目和
利益铺平了道路，促进了该国的社会经济发展。“一带一路”倡议建设十周年，正是各国庆祝“一带一
路”建设成就的大好时机。
本文将重点介绍加纳作为“一带一路”合作伙伴在基础设施建设、教育和文化交流以及经济增长等领
域享有的一些关键项目和利益。
基础设施建设
“一带一路”倡议在加纳的重要项目之一是特马港扩建项目，预计该项目将改变加纳的海上能力，促
进其社会经济发展。它将把港口的吞吐量从每年80 万个二十英尺标准箱（TEU）提高到令人印象深刻的
370 万个TEU，使特马港成为西非最大的港口。
该项目建成后，将促进加纳与国内外合作伙伴的贸易，吸引更多投资，创造就业机会，促进经济增
长。通过提高能力和加强区域互联互通，该项目符合“一带一路”倡议倡议的目标，并将加纳定位为全球
海上贸易网络的关键参与者。
中国在加纳的投资不仅限于道路建设，还包括农村电气化、职业培训中心、海港、沿海渔场、数字基
础设施和可再生能源等领域。自2013 年“一带一路”倡议启动以来，中国一直在为加纳的项目提供融资。
这些投资在促进加纳的基础设施和经济发展方面发挥了积极作用。
中国在加纳的投资趋势也显示出多样化，华为、Tecno Mobile 和四达时代等中国科技公司在阿克拉设
立了办事处，这表明数字丝绸之路沿线正从硬基础设施转向软基础设施。
教育和文化交流
多年来，加纳和中国在教育和文化领域有着广泛的交流。为促进两国文化交流，中国通过其在加纳的
大学和合作大学，在加纳合作建立了三所孔子学院：2013 年成立的加纳大学孔子学院、2016 年成立的海岸
角大学孔子学院和2023 年成立的夸梅·恩克鲁玛科技大学孔子学院。这些机构不仅教授汉语，还组织各种
文化活动，通过为加纳学生提供奖学金来促进学生交流，促进加纳和中国大学之间的交流，让学生体验不
同的文化和教育体系，以及联合研究和教师交流。通过这些活动，加纳和中国之间的文化差距得以弥合，
促进了相互理解、尊重与合作。
许多加纳学生是中国政府奖学金的受益者。2019 年，加纳学生在中国的非洲学生人数中名列前茅，有
6500 名国际学生来自该国。
在职业技术培训领域，中国支持加纳建立和升级技术学校，提供木工、管道和电气工程等各个领域的
职业培训。
中国专家还协助开发了职业教育与培训项目的课程和培训材料。该计划的一些受益者包括库马西技术
大学和海岸角技术大学。
经济合作
加纳和中国在“一带一路”倡议下取得了重大经济合作。这一合作为两国通过各种项目和倡议加强经
济联系提供了框架。中国仍然是加纳最大的贸易伙伴和外国投资的主要来源。在“一带一路”倡议下，中
国和加纳之间的双边贸易大幅增加，加纳成为中国出口的重要市场，而中国已成为加纳的主要进口来源。
中国公司投资了采矿、农业和制造业等各个领域，创造了就业机会，促进了加纳的经济发展。中国对特马
港扩建和新铁路线建设的投资提高了连通性和贸易效率。
2018 年，两国签署了《中国-加纳自由贸易协定》，该协定于2021 年1 月生效。该协议旨在减少两国
之间的贸易壁垒，促进经济合作，加强中国和加纳之间的经济关系，从而增加两国的贸易、投资和经济增
长。该协议使中国投资者和公司涌入加纳，为加纳人创造了就业机会。
阿索利发电厂项目是中国和加纳电力投资者之间的投资合作项目，在加纳能源部门发挥了重要作用，
成为该国最大的火力发电厂之一，为该国的发电能力做出了重大贡献。
